AP CHEMISTRY Pacing Guide

Transcription

1 AP CHEMISTRY Pacing Guide Course Description: AP CHEMISTRY (one term guide) EOC AP/IB VOCATS Teacher-made final exam Day Date SCS Objectives Essential Questions Content Tasks/Strategies Objective 1 Review of introductory chemistry How do we use the metric system in chemistry? How do we measure matter? How is matter broken down? Metric System Significant figures Matter flow chart Objectives 2,3,4,5,6 The Atom and the Periodic Table How did scientists decide that atoms exist? How are the atom and electromagnetic spectrum related? How was the Periodic Table developed? How does the wave nature of the electron relate to our knowledge of the atom? How is the average atomic mass of an element Atomic History: ---Democritus ---Dalton ---Thomson ---Rutherford ---Bohr Electromagnetic spectrum and electron energy levels Isotopes,mass number, atomic number Periodic Table History Modern chemistry: Einstein, DeBroglie, Seaborg, et al Spectroscopy lab to determine the energy of the excited hydrogen electron Electron configurations of elements Objective 7 Chemical Reactions What are the types of chemical reactions? How are net ionic reactions written? How is oxidation number What distinguishes redox reactaions? How are Faraday s laws used? Can you use the Nernst equation? Can you predict the direction of a redox reaction? Acid-Base: ---Different theories ---Amphoterism ----Coordination concepts Precipitation: ---Solubility Oxidation-Reduction: ---oxidation number ---electrochemistry ---Faraday s laws ---Standard half-cell potentials ---Nernst equation ---predicting the direction of redox Lab work to employ the precipitation and oxidationreduction concepts Acid Base titration Objective 8 Nuclear Reactions How do nuclear reactions differ from chemical reactions? How does nuclear energy apply to chemistry? Balancing nuclear reactions Half-life

2 wcpss.c&i Day Date SCS Objectives Essential Questions Content Tasks/Strategies Objectives: 9,10,11,12,13,14, 15,34,35 Bonding What are the different types of chemical bonds? What are intermolecular forces? How is the nature of the chemical bond What determines the shape of a molecule? How do the localized electron and molecular orbital models compare? How is the energy of the reaction How do organic compounds compare in bonding trends with inorganic compounds/ Covalent polar, nonpolar Ionic VanderWaal s forces --London dispersion --dipole dipole attraction --hydrogen bond Electronegativity VSEPR Lewis structures Lattice energy Bond energy Organic nomenclature --structural formulas Molecular models Energy of reaction Determination Preparation of an organic compound Objectives 16,17,18,19 Solids, liquids, gases What is the kinetic molecular theory of matter? How does KMT describe the various states of matter? How do you apply the ideal gas law? What are the differences between real and ideal gases: Can you analyze a change of phase? Kinetic Molecular Theory Ideal Gas Law Real vs. Ideal Gases Change of phase Change of phase experiment Objectives Solutions How is the concentration of a solution How does water dissolve ionic and polar solutes? What are collegative properties? What role do solutins play in society? Solutes Solvents Solvation/hydration Collegative properties Prepare specific solutions Collegative properties experiment 44

3 Day Date SCS Objectives Essential Questions Content Tasks/Strategies Objective 23 Stoichiometry correct empirical and molecular formulas from data? amount of reactant needed to get the desired amount of product? limiting reactant? percent yield and percent error? Empirical and Molecular formulas Percent composition Mass-mass, volume-volume, mass-volume determinations Percent yield Percent error Limiting reactants Experiments to verify the proficiency in stoichiometry Objectives 24,25,26 Equilibrium What is a reversible reaction? What constitutes equilibrium? What is LeChatelier s Principle? How are K, Ka, Ksp, Kb, Ki,and Kw What is the role of the common ion in preparing buffers? Le Chatelier s Principle Equilibrium constants: ---determination ---different types ---effect of a stress on equilibrium and on K Buffers: ---Ka ---ph of buffered solutions Equilibrium experiments Objectives 27,28,29,30 Kinetics What are reaction kinetics? How is a reaction rate What is a rate law? How is the rate order of a reaction What factors affect reaction rate? What is the rate determining step and how is it Rate Law Rate Order Factors affecting reaction rate Rate determining step Reaction mechanism Clock reaction 67

4 Day Date SCS Objectives Essential Questions Content Tasks/Strategies Objectives 31,32,33 Thermodynamics What are the laws of thermodynamics? How does thermodynamics relate to chemistry? When are reactions spontaneous? How do thermodynamics relate to all concepts learned? Laws of Thermodynamics Hess Law Entropy Gibbs Free Energy equation Enthalpy Relationship to equilibrium and electrode potentials Exam Day Lab Enrichment Activities Group Research project 89 90

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