Laboratory Techniques in Electroanalytical Chemistry
|
|
- Morgan Tate
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Laboratory Techniques in Electroanalytical Chemistry Second Edition, Revised and Expanded edited by Peter I Kissinger Purdue University and Bioanalytical Systems, Inc. West Lafayette, Indiana William R. Heineman University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio m M A R C E L MARCEL»SHE«DEKKER, INC. NEW YORK BASEL
2 Contents Preface Contributors An Overview Peter T. Kissinger I. Some Philosophy II. III. Progress and Prognosis So Much Nomenclature, So Much Jargon Bibliography Fundamental Concepts of Analytical Electrochemistry Peter T. Kissinger, Carl R. Preddy, Ronald E. Shoup, and William R. Heineman II. Mass Transport: Linear Diffusion III. The Charged Interphase IV. The Nernst Equation and Electrochemical Reversibility V. Coupled Chemical Reactions and Chemical Reversibility VI. VII. Liquid-Solid Adsorption Conclusion Large-Amplitude Controlled-Potential Techniques William R. Heineman and Peter T. Kissinger II. Potential-Step Techniques in Stationary Solution III. IV. Potential-Scan Techniques in Stationary Solution Controlled-Potential Techniques in Flowing Solution in xv И vii
3 Contents 4 Large-Amplitude Controlled-Current Techniques 127 William R. Heineman and Peter T. Kissinger I. Controlled-Current Techniques in Stationary Solution 127 II. Controlled-Current Techniques in Flowing Solution Small-Amplitude Controlled-Potential Techniques 141 Peter T. Kissinger and Thomas H. Ridgway 141 II. Faradaic Impedance 148 III. Sinusoidal Alternating-Current Voltammetry 150 IV. Cyclic Alternating-Current Voltammetry 152 V. Tensammetry 153 VI. Step-Based Methods 154 VII. Staircase Voltammetry 155 VIII. Differential Pulse Methods 156 IX. Square-Wave Methods 158 X. Differential "Normal Pulse" Voltammetry 159 XI. Conclusion Introduction to Analog Instrumentation 165 Peter T. Kissinger I. Classical Controlled-Potential Instrumentation 165 II. Controlled-Potential Instrumentation Based on Operational Amplifiers 172 III. Classical Controlled-Current Instrumentation 187 IV. Controlled-Current Instrumentation Based on Operational Amplifiers 188 V. Microprocessor-Based Electrochemical Instrumentation 189 VI. Conclusion 194 Reference Overcoming Solution Resistance with Stability and Grace in Potentiostatic Circuits 195 David K. Roe 195 II. Input-Output Relations of Cells and Potentiostats 199 III. Stability of Potentiostat-Cell Circuits and the Role of R u 205 IV. Compensation for ir u by Positive Feedback 217 V. Achieving Stability Through Gain-Frequency Shaping 222 VI. Real Systems 231 Appendix 232 Bibliography 234
4 Contents 8 Conductivity and Conductometry F. James Holler and Christie G. Enke I. Some Basic Relationships II. DC Contact Measurement of Conductance III. Capacitive Contact Measurement of Conductance 9 Electrochemical Cells Fred M. Hawkridge I. Design Concepts II. Stationary-Solution Experiments III. Convected-Solution Experiments IV. Thin-Layer Cell Design V. Cells for Spectroelectrochemistry 10 Carbon Electrodes Richard L. McCreery and Kristin K. Cline II. Performance Criteria III. Carbon Electrode Materials Properties IV. Common Carbon Electrode Materials V. Selection of Carbon Electrodes for Analytical Applications 11 Film Electrodes James L. Anderson and Nicholas Winograd II. Applications of Thin-Film Electrodes III. Properties of Film Electrodes IV. Metal Film Electrodes V. Carbon Film Electrodes VI. Semiconductor Film Electrodes VII. Techniques of Cell Design Based on Film Electrodes VIII. Prospects for Disposable, Integrated Sensor Systems 12 Microelectrodes Adrian C. Michael and R. Mark Wightman II. Construction of Microelectrodes III. Diffusion at Microelectrodes IV. High-Speed Cyclic Voltammetry V. Ohmic Drop at Microelectrodes Z ллз one
5 X Contents VI. Very Small Electrodes 396 VII. Conclusions Chemically Modified Electrodes 403 Charles R. Martin and Colby A. Foss, Jr. 404 II. Methods for Preparing Chemically Modified Electrodes 404 III. Electrochemistry at Chemically Modified Electrodes 412 IV. Characterization and Analysis of Chemically Modified Electrodes 419 V. Applications of Chemically Modified Electrodes 431 VI. Conclusions Mercury Electrodes 443 Zbigniew Galus 443 II. Dropping Mercury Electrode 444 III. Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode 452 IV. Static Mercury Drop Electrode 456 V. Streaming Mercury Electrodes 457 VI. Mercury Film and Other Types of Mercury Electrodes Solvents and Supporting Electrolytes 469 Albert J. Fry 469 II. Recommended Solvents and Electrolytes 473 III. Some Other Solvents 474 IV. Solvent- and Electrolyte-Dependent Phenomena 476 V. Experimental Procedures 478 Appendix: Other Literature Electrochemical Studies at Reduced Temperature 487 Dennis H. Evans and Susan A. Lerke 487 II. Motivations for Variation of the Temperature in Electrochemical Studies 488 III. Examples of the Study of the Rates of Coupled Chemical Reactions 492 IV. Practical Aspects of Electrochemical Studies at Low Temperatures
6 Contents xi 17 Electroanalytical Chemistry in Molten Salts 511 Charles L. Hussey 511 II. Molten Salt Systems 513 III. Apparatus and Techniques Vacuum-Line Techniques 543 Vladimir Katovic, Michael A. May, and Csaba P. Keszthelyi 543 II. Vacuum Line 544 III. Electrochemical Glassware for the Vacuum Line Electrochemistry in the Dry Box 569 Steven N. Frank and Su-Moon Park 569 II. Choosing an Inert-Atmosphere System 570 III. Experimental Procedures 572 Appendix Digital Simulation of Electrochemical Problems 583 J. T. Malay 583 II. The Finite Difference Representation of Fick's Laws 584 III. The Model Diffusion Coefficient: Defining At and Ax 586 IV. Establishing Initial and Boundary Conditions 588 V. Dimensionless Parameters 591 VI. A Sample BASIC Program 593 VII. Chronocoulometry 595 VIII. Other Nernstian Electrode Boundary Conditions 599 IX. Homogeneous Kinetics 601 X. Parametric Substitutions 606 XI. Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence 608 XII. Chronopotentiometry 609 XIII. Linear Sweep and Cyclic Voltammetry 611 XIV. Simulation of Rotating Disk Hydrodynamics 613 XV. Simulation of Rotating Ring Disk Behavior 614 XVI. The Steady-State Assumption 616 XVII. Beyond the Basics
7 xh Contents 21 Evaluation of Mechanisms of Organic Reactions 623 M. Dale Hawley 623 II. Reduction of p-chlorobenzonitrile 624 III. Oxidation of Adrenaline 629 IV. Oxidation of a-tocopherol 633 V. Concluding Remarks Electroorganic Synthesis 641 Eberhard Steckhan I. What Is Electroorganic Synthesis? 641 II. Advantages and Disadvantages of Electroorganic Reactions 641 III. Technically Interesting Processes 643 IV. Classification of Electroorganic Reactions 647 V. Experimental Factors and Techniques Instructional Examples of Electrode Mechanisms of Transition Metal Complexes 683 William E. Geiger I. Electrode Mechanisms 683 II. Obtaining High-Quality Data 686 III. Mechanistic Studies 693 IV. Examples of Selected Mechanisms 694 V. Comments on Second-Order Homogeneous Reactions Electrochemical Preconcentration 719 Joseph Wang I. Why Preconcentration? 719 II. Stripping Analysis 719 III. Electrochemical Preconcentration for Spectroscopic Analysis Controlled-Current Coulometry 739 David J. Curran 739 II. Coulometric Generation of Reagents 740 III. Coulometric Titrations
8 Contents xüi 26 Electrochemistry in Pharmaceutical Analysis 769 Marvin A. Brooks and Eric W. Tsai 769 II. Coulometric Methods 774 III. Voltammetric Methods Electrochemical Detection in Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis 813 Susan M. Lunte, Craig E. Lunte, and Peter T. Kissinger 813 II. Transducer Design 816 III. Waveforms 832 IV. Applications Review 840 V. Capillary Electrophoresis/Electrochemistry 847 VI. Conclusions 850 VII. Performance Criteria for Electrochemical Detectors Photonic Electrochemistry 855 Andrew B. Bocarsly, Hiroyasu Tachikawa, and Larry R. Faulkner 855 II. Photoelectrochemistry Semiconductor/Electrolyte Interfaces 856 III. Photoemission from Metal Electrodes 882 IV. Electrochemical Monitoring of Photolytic Intermediates 884 V. Electrochemiluminescence 887 Appendix: Structures of Cited Molecules Principles and Techniques of Electrochemical-Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Experiments 901 Ira B. Goldberg and Ted M. McKinney I. Magnetic Resonance in Electrochemical Studies 901 II. Molecular Orbitals in Electrochemistry and EPR 903 III. Principles of EPR 907 IV. EPR Instrumentation 920 V. Experimental Methods of EPR-Electrochemical Studies 927 VI. Selected Applications of EPR and Electrochemical Measurements 943 Appendix I: Selected Bibliography 954 Appendix II: Units Index 961
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRO- ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRO- ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Paul Monk Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD Chichester New York Weinheim Brisbane Toronto Singapore Contents Series
More informationVoltammetry. Voltammetry and Polarograph. Chapter 23. Polarographic curves -- Voltammograms
Chapter 23 Voltammetry Voltammetry and Polarograph Electrochemistry techniques based on current (i) measurement as function of voltage (E appl ) Voltammetry Usually when the working electrode is solid,
More informationELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS
ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS Third Edition JOHN NEWMAN and KAREN E. THOMAS-ALYEA University of California, Berkeley ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY SERIES WILEY- INTERSCIENCE A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC PUBLICATION PREFACE
More informationElectrochemistry in Nonaqueous Solutions
К. Izutsu Electrochemistry in Nonaqueous Solutions WILEY-VCH Contents Preface V Part I Fundamentals of Chemistry in Non-Aqueous Solutions: Electrochemical Aspects 1 Properties of Solvents and Solvent Classification
More informationContents. I Background 1. Contents... Preface... Acknowledgments... The Blind Men and the Elephant... xxi. History of Impedance Spectroscopy...
Contents Contents...................................... Preface....................................... Acknowledgments................................. v xv xix The Blind Men and the Elephant.......................
More informationELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY
ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY MARK E. ORAZEM University of Florida BERNARD TRIBOLLET Universite Pierre et Marie Curie WILEY A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION Contents Contents Preface Acknowledgments
More informationPrinciples of Electrochemistry Second Edition
Principles of Electrochemistry Second Edition Jiri Koryta Institute of Physiology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague HKJin Dvorak Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University,
More informationContents. Publisher s Foreword. Glossary of Symbols and Abbreviations
Publisher s Foreword Glossary of Symbols and Abbreviations v xiii 1 Equilibrium Electrochemistry and the Nernst Equation 1 1.1 Cell Thermodynamics....................... 1 1.2 The Nernst Equation........................
More informationEXPERIMENTS IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
EXPERIMENTS IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY SIXTH EDITION DAVID P. SHOEMAKER CARL W. GARLAND JOSEPH W. NIBLER The Late Emeritus Professor of Chemistry Professor of Chemistry Professor of Chemistry Oregon State University
More informationPrinciples and Applications of Electrochemistry
Principles and Applications of Electrochemistry Fourth edition D. R. CROW Professor of Electrochemistry and Dean of Research University of Wolverhampton BLACKIE ACADEMIC & PROFESSIONAL An Imprint of Chapman
More informationChemistry 8155: Advanced Electroanalytical Chemistry 4 Credits Syllabus and Course Information
Chemistry 8155: Advanced Electroanalytical Chemistry Credits Syllabus and Course Information The goal of this course is to familiarize students with electroanalytical techniques and their physicochemical
More informationAIMALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Fundamentals of AIMALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Seventh Edition Douglas A. Skoog Stanford University Donald M. West San Jose State University F. James Holler University ;of Kentucky W r SAUNDERS COLLEGE PUBLISHING
More informationSubject: A Review of Techniques for Electrochemical Analysis
Application Note E-4 Subject: A Review of Techniques for Electrochemical Analysis INTRODUCTION Electrochemistry is the study of the chemical response of a system to an electrical stimulation. The scientist
More informationChapter 22. Bulk Electrolysis: Electrogravimetry and Coulometry. Definition. Features of Bulk Electrolysis Cells
Chapter 22 Bulk Electrolysis: Electrogravimetry and Coulometry Definition Bulk Electrolysis deals with methods that involve electrolysis producing a quantitative change in oxidation state Example: In a
More informationChapter 25. Voltammetry
Chapter 5. Voltammetry Excitation Signal in Voltammetry Voltammetric Instrumentation Hydrodynamic Voltammetry Cyclic Voltammetry Pulse Voltammetry High-Frequency and High-Speed Voltammetry Application
More informationElectroanalytical Chemistry techniques covered to date
Electroanalytical Chemistry techniques covered to date Potentiometry based on galvanic cell Controlled Potential Electrolysis electrolytic Chronoamperometry electrolytic cell Chronopotentiometry electrolytic
More informationComponents of output signal in Chronoamperometry
Chronoamperometry Stationary electrode Unstirred = mass transport by diffusion Constant potential Measure current vs time Theory assume Ox + n e - Red - both Ox and Red are soluble - reversible reaction
More information239 Lecture #4 of 18
Lecture #4 of 18 239 240 Q: What s in this set of lectures? A: Introduction, Review, and B&F Chapter 1, 15 & 4 main concepts: Section 1.1: Redox reactions Chapter 15: Electrochemical instrumentation Section
More informationLecture 12: Electroanalytical Chemistry (I)
Lecture 12: Electroanalytical Chemistry (I) 1 Electrochemistry Electrochemical processes are oxidation-reduction reactions in which: Chemical energy of a spontaneous reaction is converted to electricity
More informationVoltammetric Techniques
Chapter 37 Voltammetric Techniques Samuel P. Kounaves Tufts University Department of Chemistry Summary General Uses Quantitative determination of organic and inorganic compounds in aqueous and nonaqueous
More informationAn Introduction to Chemical Kinetics
An Introduction to Chemical Kinetics Michel Soustelle WWILEY Table of Contents Preface xvii PART 1. BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMICAL KINETICS 1 Chapter 1. Chemical Reaction and Kinetic Quantities 3 1.1. The
More informationTRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS
CINDAS Data Series on Material Properties Volume 1-1 TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS Thermal Conductivity, Viscosity, and Diffusion Coefficient Edited by С. Y. Ho Director, Center for Information and Numerical
More informationSolid State electrochemistry
Solid State electrochemistry edited by Peter G. Bruce Department of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Scotland IH CAMBRIDGE ^pf UNIVERSITY PRESS 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Preface Introduction P. G.
More informationUnit 2 B Voltammetry and Polarography
Unit 2 B Voltammetry and Polarography Voltammetric methods of Analysis What is Voltammetry? A time-dependent potential is applied to an electrochemical cell, and the current flowing through the cell is
More informationHydrodynamic Electrodes and Microelectrodes
CHEM465/865, 2004-3, Lecture 20, 27 th Sep., 2004 Hydrodynamic Electrodes and Microelectrodes So far we have been considering processes at planar electrodes. We have focused on the interplay of diffusion
More informationElectrogravimetry. All Cu is plated out Nothing else plates out
Electrogravimetry Apply potential to cause a soluble species to reduce or deposit on a solid electrode e.g., reduce Cu 2+ onto Pt cathode Cu 2+ (aq) + 2 e - Cu (metal on Pt) Change in weight of dried cathode
More informationIntroduction to EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) with EC- Lab /EC-Lab Express
Introduction to EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) with EC- Lab /EC-Lab Express N. Murer, J.-P. Diard 1 /23 OBJECTIVES Understand what is performed during an impedance measurement. Understand
More informationChemistry PhD Qualifying Exam Paper 1 Syllabus
Chemistry PhD Qualifying Exam Paper 1 Syllabus Preface This document comprises all topics relevant for Paper 1 of the Ph.D. Qualifying Exam in Chemistry at Eastern Mediterranean University, in accordance
More informationCARBON. Electrochemical ond Physicochemicol Properties KIM KINOSHITA. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Berkeley, California
CARBON Electrochemical ond Physicochemicol Properties KIM KINOSHITA Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Berkeley, California A Wiley-Interscience Publicotion JOHN WILEY & SONS New York / Chichester / Brisbane
More information206 Lecture #4 of 17
Lecture #4 of 17 206 207 Q: What s in this set of lectures? A: B&F Chapters 1, 15 & 4 main concepts: Section 1.1: Redox reactions Chapter 15: Electrochemical instrumentation Section 1.2: Charging interfaces
More informationPhysics and Chemistry of Interfaces
Hans Jürgen Butt, Karlheinz Graf, and Michael Kappl Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces Second, Revised and Enlarged Edition WILEY- VCH WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA Contents Preface XI 1 Introduction
More informationContents. 1 Matter: Its Properties and Measurement 1. 2 Atoms and the Atomic Theory Chemical Compounds Chemical Reactions 111
Ed: Pls provide art About the Authors Preface xvii xvi 1 Matter: Its Properties and Measurement 1 1-1 The Scientific Method 2 1-2 Properties of Matter 4 1-3 Classification of Matter 5 1-4 Measurement of
More informationn. log a ox a red
Amperometry &Voltammetry Non-equilibrium electrochemistry! Based on Electrolytic Cells---apply external voltage to pair of electrodes to force rxn to occur--get current flow---current α [conc] o E elect
More informationCHEM 540 ADVANCED ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
CHEM 540 ADVANCED ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY CHEM 540 KFUPM CHEM 540, Advanced Analytical Chemistry CHEMISTRY DEPT. Credit hours: 3 Fall 2006/2007 ( Term 061) DR A.M.Y. JABER Room 261F, Tel 2611 Office hours
More informationEvaluation of Uncompensated Solution Resistance for Electrodes with Spherical-Cap Geometry
Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 454-458 Evaluation of Uncompensated Solution Resistance for Electrodes with Spherical-Cap Geometry Sun Hee Hong, Charoenkwan Kraiya, Mark W. Lehmann, and Dennis H. Evans* Department
More informationNanoscale electrochemistry
Electrical characterisation of nanoscale samples & biochemical interfaces: methods and electronic instrumentation Nanoscale electrochemistry Giorgio Ferrari Dipartimento di elettronica, informazione e
More informationCyclic Voltammetry. Objective: To learn the basics of cyclic voltammetry with a well-behaved echem system
Cyclic Voltammetry Objective: To learn the basics of cyclic voltammetry with a well-behaved echem system Introduction Cyclic voltammetry (CV) is a popular electroanalytical technique for its relative simplicity
More informationThe fast dropping oil water electrode
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 464 (1999) 128 132 Short Communication The fast dropping oil water electrode Antonie Baars 1, Koichi Aoki *, Jun Watanabe Department of Applied Physics, Fukui Uni
More informationTheory and Design for Mechanical Measurements
Theory and Design for Mechanical Measurements Third Edition Richard S. Figliola Clemson University Donald E. Beasley Clemson University John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York / Chichester / Weinheim / Brisbane
More informationANALYSIS OF LEAD IN SEAWATER
ANALYSIS OF LEAD IN SEAWATER BY DIFFERENTIAL PULSE POLAROGRAPHY Introduction Electrochemical methods of analysis can be used for the quantitative analysis of any electroactive species any species that
More informationCHLORINE PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM. Report No. 61A. Supplement A. by YEN CHEN YEN. May A private report by the STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Report No. 61A CHLORINE Supplement A by YEN CHEN YEN May 1074 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS 1 2 3 INTRODUCTION... 1 SUMMARY...
More informationNETWORK ANALYSIS WITH APPLICATIONS
NETWORK ANALYSIS WITH APPLICATIONS Third Edition William D. Stanley Old Dominion University Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, New Jersey I Columbus, Ohio CONTENTS 1 BASIC CIRCUIT LAWS 1 1-1 General Plan
More information2. Define what is meant by an oxidizing and reducing agent. Give a good example of each.
In-class Questions Electrochemistry 1. Define what is meant by oxidation and reduction. 2. Define what is meant by an oxidizing and reducing agent. Give a good example of each. 3. Define what is meant
More information1298 Lecture #18 of 18
Lecture #18 of 18 1298 1299 Q: What s in this set of lectures? A: B&F Chapters 9, 10, and 6 main concepts: Sections 9.1 9.4: Sections 10.1 10.4: Rotating (Ring-)Disk Electrochemistry Electrochemical Impedance
More informationIntroduction to Cyclic Voltammetry Measurements *
OpenStax-CNX module: m34669 1 Introduction to Cyclic Voltammetry Measurements * Xianyu Li Andrew R. Barron This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
More informationGoals. The laboratory instructor has already purged the solutions of dissolved. Purging the from these solutions prevents spurious
Goals 41 Cyclic Voltammetry XXGoals The goals of this experiment are to: Learn how to set up a screen-printed electrode Learn how to operate the Gamry potentiostat Determine the redox potential of potassium
More informationIntroduction to Aircraft Flight. Mechanics
Introduction to Aircraft Flight. Mechanics i Performance, Static Stability, Dynamic Stability, Classical Feedback Control, and State-Space Foundations Second Edition Thomas R. Yechout with contributions
More informationCurrent based methods
Current based methods Amperometric and voltammetric sensors More significant influence on analytical parameters (sensitivity, selectivity, interferences elimination) kind of method, potential range, electrode
More informationDigiElch 8 from ElchSoft
Redefining Electrochemical Measurement DigiElch 8 from ElchSoft Electrochemical Simulation Software DigiElch 8 from ElchSoft is a simulation program for electrochemical experiments. DigiElch 8 offers a
More informationIn all electrochemical methods, the rate of oxidation & reduction depend on: 1) rate & means by which soluble species reach electrode surface (mass
Voltammetry Methods based on an electrolytic cell Apply potential or current to electrochemical cell & concentrations change at electrode surface due to oxidation & reduction reactions Can have 2 or 3
More informationSolution Purging. Goals. 1. Purge both solutions with an inert gas (preferably N 2
Goals 43 Cyclic Voltammetry XXGoals The goals of this experiment are to: Learn how to set up a screen-printed electrode Learn how to operate the Gamry potentiostat Determine the redox potential of potassium
More informationElectro Analytical Studies on Ethoxylation of O- Nitro Phenol
International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN( USA): IJCRGG ISSN : 0974-4290 Vol.4, No.3, pp 1218-1222, July-Sept 2012 Electro Analytical Studies on Ethoxylation of O- Nitro Phenol N. Xavier 1, S. Antony
More informationElectroanalysis in Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Electroanalysis in Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Monographs in Electrochemistry Series Editor: Fritz Scholz, University of Greifswald, Germany Surprisingly, a large number of important topics
More informationELECTRODYNAMICS OF CONTINUOUS MEDIA
ELECTRODYNAMICS OF CONTINUOUS MEDIA by L. D. LANDAU and E. M. LIFSHITZ Institute of Physical Problems, USSR Academy of Sciences Volume 8 of Course of Theoretical Physics Translated from the Russian by
More informationCYCLIC VOLTAMMETRIC STUDY OF Pb (II) IN DIFFERENT SODIUM SALTS AS SUPPORTING ELECTROLYTES
Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 8(1), 2010, 345-350 CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRIC STUDY OF Pb (II) IN DIFFERENT SODIUM SALTS AS SUPPORTING ELECTROLYTES PRASHANT MEHTA * and R. S. SINDAL a National Law University, NH # 65, Nagour
More informationNON-EQUILIBRIUM THERMODYNAMICS
NON-EQUILIBRIUM THERMODYNAMICS S. R. DE GROOT Professor of Theoretical Physics University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands E MAZUR Professor of Theoretical Physics University of Leiden, The Netherlands DOVER
More informationSTUDY OF Zn (II) IN DIFFERENT SODIUM SALTS AS SUPPORTING ELECTROLYTES USING CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRIC TECHNIQUE
Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 8(3), 2010, 1511-1516 STUDY OF Zn (II) IN DIFFERENT SODIUM SALTS AS SUPPORTING ELECTROLYTES USING CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRIC TECHNIQUE PRASHANT MEHTA * and R. S. SINDAL a National Law University,
More informationComprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry
Comprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry Volume 1: The Double Layer Edited by J. O'M. Bockris Texas A&M University College Station, Texas Brian E. Conway University of Ottawa Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
More informationSurface Analysis - The Principal Techniques
Surface Analysis - The Principal Techniques Edited by John C. Vickerman Surface Analysis Research Centre, Department of Chemistry UMIST, Manchester, UK JOHN WILEY & SONS Chichester New York Weinheim Brisbane
More informationIntroduction to Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Introduction to Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Second edition David Jiles Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer
More informationINTRODUCTION TO SCA\ \I\G TUNNELING MICROSCOPY
INTRODUCTION TO SCA\ \I\G TUNNELING MICROSCOPY SECOND EDITION C. JULIAN CHEN Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents Preface
More informationELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
THIRD EDITION ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM EDWARD M. PURCELL DAVID J. MORIN Harvard University, Massachusetts Щ CAMBRIDGE Ell UNIVERSITY PRESS Preface to the third edition of Volume 2 XIII CONTENTS Preface
More informationFoundations of. Colloid Science SECOND EDITION. Robert J. Hunter. School of Chemistry University of Sydney OXPORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
Foundations of Colloid Science SECOND EDITION Robert J. Hunter School of Chemistry University of Sydney OXPORD UNIVERSITY PRESS CONTENTS 1 NATURE OF COLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Technological
More informationDigiElch 8 TM from ElchSoft
Redefining Electrochemical Measurement DigiElch 8 TM from ElchSoft DigiElch 8 TM from ElchSoft is a simulation program for electrochemical experiments. DigiElch 8 offers a number of unique features compared
More informationCHEMICAL KINETICS R.G. COMPTON A. HAMNETT NEW TECHNIQUES FOR THE STUDY OF ELECTRODES AND THEIR REACTIONS EDITED BY
CHEMICAL KINETICS EDITED BY R.G. COMPTON M.A., D.Phil. (Oxon.) University Lecturer in Physical Chemistry and Fellow, St. John's College, Oxford Co-editor for Vol. 29 A. HAMNETT M.A., D.Phil. (Oxon.) University
More informationVoltammetry. Voltammetry. An Introduction in Theory. Metrohm Ltd. CH-9100 Herisau Switzerland
An Introduction in Theory Metrohm Ltd. CH-9100 Herisau Switzerland Overview What is? Electrode Types Voltammetric Techniques Measurement Modes Calibration Techniques Advantages of Summary = Volt-Am(pero)-Metry
More informationDEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING SRM NAGAR, KATTANKULATHUR-603203 EI 2302 ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS QUESTION BANK UNIT I COLORIMETRY AND SPECTROPHOTOMETRY Part A 1. State Lambert
More informationElectrochemical Techniques: Cyclic Voltammetry
Electrochemical Techniques: Cyclic Voltammetry Cyclic Voltammetry of Ferrocene Carboxylic Acid 1. Aims To use cyclic voltammetry to investigate the solution electrochemistry of a simple redox couple. 2.
More informationCHEM465/865 Electrochemistry
CHEM465/865 Electrochemistry Instructor: Dr. Michael Eikerling Office: C9034 Phone: 604-291-4463 e-mail: meikerl@sfu.ca Office hours (room C9034) : Friday: 1 2 pm Monday, Wednesday: 10:30 11:30 am Tutorials
More informationElectrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)
CHEM465/865, 24-3, Lecture 26-28, 19 th Nov., 24 Please, note the following error in the notes lecture19+2 (Hydrodynamic electrodes and Microelectrodes: on page two, 3 rd line, the correct expression for
More information1237 Lecture #17 of 18
Lecture #17 of 18 1237 1238 Q: What s in this set of lectures? A: B&F Chapter 3 main concepts: Sections 3.1 & 3.6: Homogeneous Electron-Transfer (ET) (Arrhenius, Eyring, TST (ACT), Marcus Theory) Sections
More informationCHAPTER 1. FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 1. FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY I. Introduction What is electrochemistry? Fundamental process: charge transfer at an interface FIGURE 1-1. Electrochemistry as an Interdisciplinary
More informationCOURSE DELIVERY PLAN - THEORY Page 1 of 6
COURSE DELIVERY PLAN - THEORY Page 1 of 6 Department of Applied Chemistry B.Tech: Chemical Engineering Regulation: 2013 Sub. Code / Sub. Name : CH6501 / Instrumental Methods of Analysis Unit: I LP: Sub
More informationElectrochemical Sensors: trace detection for specific detection and pattern recognition for complex matrices
4 Electrochemical Sensors: trace detection for specific detection and pattern recognition for complex matrices TH 29 ARTICLE Peter Rabenecker Fraunhofer-Institute for Chemical Technology (ICT), Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Str.
More informationOPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SPECTROSCOPY OF NANOAAATERIALS. Jin Zhong Zhang. World Scientific TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK
OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SPECTROSCOPY OF NANOAAATERIALS Jin Zhong Zhang University of California, Santa Cruz, USA TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK Y World Scientific NEW JERSEY. t'on.don SINGAPORE «'BEIJING
More informationVibrational Spectroscopy of Molecules on Surfaces
Vibrational Spectroscopy of Molecules on Surfaces Edited by John T. Yates, Jr. University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and Theodore E. Madey National Bureau of Standards Gaithersburg, Maryland
More information(name) Electrochemical Energy Systems, Spring 2014, M. Z. Bazant. Final Exam
10.626 Electrochemical Energy Systems, Spring 2014, M. Z. Bazant Final Exam Instructions. This is a three-hour closed book exam. You are allowed to have five doublesided pages of personal notes during
More informationSpectroscopy. Practical Handbook of. J. W. Robinson, Ph.D., D.Sc, F.R.C.S. Department of Chemistry Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Practical Handbook of Spectroscopy Edited by J. W. Robinson, Ph.D., D.Sc, F.R.C.S. Department of Chemistry Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana CRC Press Boca Raton Ann Arbor Boston TABLE
More informationContents. Foreword by Darrell H. Reneker
Table of Foreword by Darrell H. Reneker Preface page xi xiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 How big is a nanometer? 1 1.2 What is nanotechnology? 1 1.3 Historical development of nanotechnology 2 1.4 Classification
More informationPROPERTIES OF POLYMERS
PROPERTIES OF POLYMERS THEIR CORRELATION WITH CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; THEIR NUMERICAL ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION FROM ADDITIVE GROUP CONTRIBUTIONS Third, completely revised edition By D.W. VÄN KREVELEN Professor-Emeritus,
More informationFigure 2: Simulation results of concentration by line scan along the x-axis at different partitioning coefficients after 0.48 ms.
Executive Summary One of the critical hurdles of the success of many clean energy technologies is energy storage. For this, new and advanced computational tools to predict battery properties are very important.
More informationMAE 214 FUEL CELL FUNDAMENTALS & TECHNOLOGY FC ANALYSES TECHNIQUES
MAE 214 FUEL CELL FUNDAMENTALS & TECHNOLOGY Fuel Cell Analyses Methods NFCRC DR. JACK BROUWER MAE 214 Lecture #11 Spring, 2005 FC ANALYSES TECHNIQUES Potential Sweep Methods Linear Sweep Voltammetry (I-V)
More informationSOLID STATE PHYSICS. Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons. J. R. Hook H. E. Hall. Department of Physics, University of Manchester
SOLID STATE PHYSICS Second Edition J. R. Hook H. E. Hall Department of Physics, University of Manchester John Wiley & Sons CHICHESTER NEW YORK BRISBANE TORONTO SINGAPORE Contents Flow diagram Inside front
More informationCONDUCTOMETRIC TITRATIONS. Reading: 1. Skoog, Holler and Nieman: Chapter 22 A. INTRODUCTION. A.1 Classification of Electroanalytical Methods
Reading: 1. Skoog, Holler and Nieman: Chapter 22 A. INTRODUCTION A.1 Classification of Electroanalytical Methods Electroanalytical methods are methods of analysis which rely on electrical properties of
More informationElectrochemical methods : Fundamentals and Applications
Electrochemical methods : Fundamentals and Applications Lecture Note 7 May 19, 2014 Kwang Kim Yonsei University kbkim@yonsei.ac.kr 39 8 7 34 53 Y O N Se I 88.91 16.00 14.01 78.96 126.9 Electrochemical
More informationINDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY
INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY Edited by AKBAR MONTASER George Washington University Washington, D.C. 20052, USA WILEY-VCH New York Chichester Weinheim Brisbane Singapore Toronto CONTENTS
More informationElectrochemical Process Engineering. A Guide to the Design of Electrolytic Plant
Electrochemical Process Engineering A Guide to the Design of Electrolytic Plant Electrochemical Process Engineering A Guide to the Design of Electrolytic Plant F. Goodridge and K. Scott University of Newcastle
More informationLecture 3. Electrochemical Sensing.
Lecture 3 Potential-Controlled Techniques in Electrochemical Sensing. Enzymatic Electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry The most widely used technique for acquiring quantitative information about e/chemical reaction
More informationSurface Analysis - The Principal Techniques
Surface Analysis - The Principal Techniques 2nd Edition Editors johnc.vickerman Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, UK IAN S. GILMORE National Physical Laboratory, Teddington,
More informationBoundary. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS with Fourier Series and. Value Problems APPLIED PARTIAL. Fifth Edition. Richard Haberman PEARSON
APPLIED PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS with Fourier Series and Boundary Value Problems Fifth Edition Richard Haberman Southern Methodist University PEARSON Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco
More informationAPPLIED PARTIM DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS with Fourier Series and Boundary Value Problems
APPLIED PARTIM DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS with Fourier Series and Boundary Value Problems Fourth Edition Richard Haberman Department of Mathematics Southern Methodist University PEARSON Prentice Hall PEARSON
More informationTHE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL TRAINING FORM TWO SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION, 2005.
THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL TRAINING FORM TWO SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION, 2005 0031 PHYSICS Time: 2 Hours 1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C. 2.
More informationPOLAROGRAPHY/ VOLTAMMETRY
POLAROGRAPHY/ VOLTAMMETRY Introduction Instrumentation, common techniques Direct Current (DC) polarography Mercury electrodes (DME, SMDE, HMDE) Polarographic currents Tast polarography Ilkovič equation
More informationBeam Effects, Surface Topography, and Depth Profiling in Surface Analysis
Beam Effects, Surface Topography, and Depth Profiling in Surface Analysis Edited by Alvin W. Czanderna National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden, Colorado Theodore E. Madey Rutgers, The State University
More informationIntroduction... Theory Influence of Excitation Pulse Shape...
1. Fluorescence Anisotropy: Theory and Applications Robert F. Steiner 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5. 1.6. Introduction... Theory... 1.2.1. Meaning of Anisotropy... 1.2.2. Influence of Excitation Pulse Shape...
More informationPOLAROGRAPHY/ VOLTAMMETRY
POLAROGRAPHY/ VOLTAMMETRY Introduction Instrumentation, common techniques Direct Current (DC) polarography Mercury electrodes (DME, SMDE, HMDE) Polarographic currents Tast polarography Ilkovič equation
More informationDistributed feedback semiconductor lasers
Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers John Carroll, James Whiteaway & Dick Plumb The Institution of Electrical Engineers SPIE Optical Engineering Press 1 Preface Acknowledgments Principal abbreviations
More informationCHAPTER-5 CYCLIC VOLTAMETRIC STUDIES OF NOVEL INDOLE ANALOGUES PREPARED IN THE PRESENT STUDY
CHAPTER-5 CYCLIC VOLTAMETRIC STUDIES OF NOVEL INDOLE ANALOGUES PREPARED IN THE PRESENT STUDY Page No. 175-187 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Theoretical 5.3 Experimental 5.4 References 5. 1 Introduction Electrochemical
More informationBeyond the Butler-Volmer equation. Curved Tafel slopes from steady-state current voltage curves [keynote lecture]
Loughborough University Institutional Repository Beyond the Butler-Volmer equation. Curved Tafel slopes from steady-state current voltage curves [keynote lecture] This item was submitted to Loughborough
More informationBioisosteres in Medicinal Chemistry
Edited by Nathan Brown Bioisosteres in Medicinal Chemistry VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA Contents List of Contributors Preface XV A Personal Foreword XI XVII Part One Principles 1 Bioisosterism in Medicinal
More information