Name Class Date. Chapter Use each of the following terms in a separate sentence: physical property and physical change.

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1 Skills Worksheet Section Review Chapter 2-2 Physical Properties USING KEY TERMS 1. Use each of the following terms in a separate sentence: physical property and physical change. UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS 2. The units of density for a rectangular piece of wood are a. grams per milliliter. b. cubic centimeters. c. kilograms per liter. d. grams per cubic centimeter. 3. Explain why a golf ball is heavier than a table-tennis ball even though the balls are the same size. 4. Describe what happens to a substance when it goes through a physical change. 5. Identify six examples of physical properties. Holt Science and Technology 31 The Properties of Matter

2 Section Review continued 6. List six physical changes that matter can go through. MATH SKILLS 7. What is the density of an object that has a mass of 350 g and a volume of 95 cm 3? Would this object float in water? Explain. Show your work below. 8. The density of an object is 5 g/cm 3, and the volume of the object is 10 cm 3. What is the mass of the object? Show your work below. CRITICAL THINKING 9. Applying Concepts How can you determine that a coin is not pure silver if you know the mass and volume of the coin? 10. Identifying Relationships What physical property do the following substances have in common: water, oil, mercury, and alcohol? 11. Analyzing Processes Explain how you would find the density of an unknown liquid if you have all of the laboratory equipment that you need. Holt Science and Technology 32 The Properties of Matter

3 Skills Worksheet Section Review Chapter 2-3 Chemical Properties USING KEY TERMS 1. In your own words, write a definition for each of the following terms: chemical property and chemical change. UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS 2. Rusting is an example of a a. physical property. b. physical change. c. chemical property. d. chemical change. 3. Which of the following is a characteristic property? a. density b. chemical reactivity c. solubility in water d. All of the above 4. Write two examples of chemical properties and explain what they are. 5. The Statue of Liberty was originally a copper color. After being exposed to the air, she turned a greenish color. What kind of change happened? Explain your answer. 6. Explain how to tell the difference between a physical and a chemical property. Holt Science and Technology 33 The Properties of Matter

4 Section Review continued MATH SKILLS 7. The temperature of an acid solution is 25 C. A strip of magnesium is added, and the temperature rises 2 C each minute for the first 3 min. After another 5 min, the temperature has risen two more degrees. What is the final temperature? Show your work below. CRITICAL THINKING 8. Making Comparisons Describe the difference between physical and chemical changes in terms of what happens to the matter involved in each kind of change. 9. Applying Concepts Identify two physical properties and two chemical properties of a bag of microwave popcorn before popping and after. Holt Science and Technology 34 The Properties of Matter

5 Skills Worksheet Section Review Chapter 3-1 Three States of Matter USING KEY TERMS 1. Use each of the following terms in a separate sentence: viscosity and surface tension. UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS 2. One property that all particles of matter have in common is they a. never move in solids. b. only move in gases. c. move constantly. d. None of the above 3. Describe solids, liquids, and gases in terms of shape and volume. CRITICAL THINKING 4. Applying Concepts Classify each substance according to its state of matter: apple juice, bread, a textbook, and steam. 5. Identifying Relationships The volume of a gas can change, but the volume of a solid cannot. Explain why this is true. Holt Science and Technology 20 States of Master

Identify the state of matter shown in the jar. 7.

6 Section Review continued INTERPRETING GRAPHICS Use the drawing below to answer the questions that follow. 6. Identify the state of matter shown in the jar. 7. Discuss how the particles in the jar are attracted to each other. Holt Science and Technology 21 States of Master

7 Skills Worksheet Section Review Chapter 3-3 Changes of State USING KEY TERMS For each pair of terms, explain how the meanings of the terms differ. 1. melting and freezing 2. condensation and evaporation UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS 3. The change from a solid directly to a gas is called a. evaporation. b. boiling. c. melting. d. sublimation. 4. Describe how the motion and arrangement of particles in a substance change as the substance freezes. 5. Explain what happens to the temperature of an ice cube as it melts. 6. How are evaporation and boiling different? How are they similar? Holt Science and Technology 24 States of Master

8 Section Review continued MATH SKILLS 7. The volume of a substance in the gaseous state is about 1,000 times the volume of the same substance in the liquid state. How much space would 18 ml of water take up if it evaporated? Show your work below. CRITICAL THINKING 8. Evaluating Data The temperature of water in a beaker is 25 C. After adding a piece of magnesium to the water, the temperature increases to 28 C. Is this an exothermic or endothermic reaction? Explain your answer. 9. Applying Concepts Solid crystals of iodine were placed in a flask. The top of the flask was covered with aluminum foil. The flask was gently heated. Soon, the flask was filled with a reddish gas. What change of state took place? Explain your answer. 10. Predicting Consequences Would using dry ice in your holiday punch cause it to become watery after several hours? Why or why not? Holt Science and Technology 25 States of Master

9 Skills Worksheet Section Review Chapter 4-1 Elements USING KEY TERMS 1. Use the following terms in the same sentence: element and pure substance. UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS 2. A metalloid a. may conduct electric current. b. can be ductile. c. is also called a semiconductor. d. All of the above 3. What is a pure substance? MATH SKILLS 4. There are eight elements that make up 98.5% of the Earth s crust: 46.6% oxygen, 8.1% aluminum, 5.0% iron, 3.6% calcium, 2.8% sodium, 2.6% potassium, and 2.1% magnesium. The rest is silicon. What percentage of Earth s crust is silicon? Show your work below. Holt Science and Technology 26 Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

10 Section Review continued CRITICAL THINKING 5. Applying Concepts From which category of elements would you choose to make a container that wouldn t shatter if dropped? Explain your answer. 6. Making Comparisons Compare the properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. 7. Evaluating Assumptions Your friend tells you that a shiny element has to be a metal. Do you agree? Explain. Holt Science and Technology 27 Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

11 Skills Worksheet Section Review Chapter 4-2 Compounds USING KEY TERMS 1. In your own words, write a definition for the term compound. UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS 2. The elements in a compound a. join in a specific ratio according to their masses. b. combine by reacting with one another. c. can be separated by chemical changes. d. All of the above 3. What type of change is needed to break down a compound? MATH SKILLS 4. Table sugar is a compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. If sugar contains 41.86% carbon and 6.98% hydrogen, what percentage of sugar is oxygen? Show your work below. CRITICAL THINKING 5. Applying Concepts Iron is a solid, gray metal. Oxygen is a colorless gas. When they chemically combine, rust is made. Rust has a reddish brown color. Why is rust different from the iron or oxygen that it is made of? Holt Science and Technology 28 Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

12 Section Review continued 6. Analyzing Ideas A jar contains samples of the elements carbon and oxygen. Does the jar contain a compound? Explain your answer. Holt Science and Technology 29 Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

Directed Reading B. Section: What Is Matter? MATTER MATTER AND VOLUME. same time. the bottom of the curve at the surface of the water called. the.

Directed Reading B. Section: What Is Matter? MATTER MATTER AND VOLUME. same time. the bottom of the curve at the surface of the water called. the. Skills Worksheet Directed Reading B Section: What Is Matter? MATTER (pp. 78 83) 1. What characteristic do a human, hot soup, the metal wires in a toaster, and the glowing gases in a neon sign have in common?