Name: Class Period: Due Date: Unit 2 It s Elemental Test Review
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1 Name: Class Period: Due Date: TEKS covered: Unit 2 It s Elemental Test Review 8.5A describe the structure of atoms, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations of protons, electrons and nucleus 8.5B identify that protons determine an elements identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity 8.3B use models to represent aspects of the natural world 8.5C interpret the arrangement of the periodic table, including groups and periods, to explain properties that are used to classify elements 8.5D recognize that chemical formulas are used to identify substances and determine the number of atoms of each element in chemical formulas containing substances 8.5F recognize whether a chemical equation containing coefficients is balanced or not and how that relates to the law of conservation of mass 8.5E investigate how evidence of chemical reactions indicate that new substances with different properties are formed Reviewed TEKS 7.6A identify that organic compounds contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen or sulfur 7.6B distinguish between physical and chemical changes in matter 6.5A know that an element is a pure substance represented by chemical symbols 6.5C differentiate between elements and compounds on the most basic level 6.6A compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability 6.6B calculate density to identify an unknown substance IB Criterion that will be on this test: Criterion A: Knowing and Understanding i. describe scientific knowledge ii. apply scientific knowledge and understanding to solve problems set in familiar and unfamiliar situations iii. analyze information to make scientifically supported judgments
2 Atoms, Elements and the Periodic Table 1. Define an element, compound and mixture: An element is A compound is A mixture is 2. Choose whether the following are chemical or physical changes. Write chemical or physical in the blank: a. tearing a piece of paper b. chocolate melting c. steam from boiling water d. fireworks being set off e. painting a wall a new color f. silverware tarnishing 3. Label the following as an element, compound or mixture a. pure water b. lemonade c. gold bracelet d. chocolate cake e. ammonia, NH 3 f. pizza 4. Draw the structure of an atom, explain the particles, their charges and where they are located. Draw the atom: Protons Electrons Neutrons - 5. How do you know if an atom is neutral? 6. What is the type of ion that has a positive charge? 7. What is the type of ion that has a negative charge? 8. What is an isotope?
3 Use the periodic table square and your periodic table to answer these questions: 9. What is the atomic mass? What is the element s symbol? 11.What is the atomic number? V 12.What is the element s name? 13. How many protons does it have? What is the number of electrons? How many neutrons? 14. If you looked up this element on the periodic table, what category or type of element is it? 15.On the blank periodic table: Circle or mark the 3 main categories of elements. Then label periods 1, 2 and 5 Then label groups 1, 3 and 7A or 17 (they are the same one).
4 16. How are elements arranged on the periodic table? Check all of the ones that are correct: Elements are arranged by reactivity Elements are arranged by atomic number Elements are arranged by type of element Elements are arranged by color Elements are arranged by name Elements are arranged by valence electrons 17. List the descriptive properties of metals, nonmetals and metalloids: Metals Nonmetals Metalloids 18. Explain why groups on the periodic table have similar chemical and physical properties: 19. What are the characteristics of elements that are in the same period? 20. Explain valence electrons: 21. Do noble gases react well with other elements? Why or why not? 22. Draw the Bohr models for any 2 elements that are in the same group on the periodic table:
5 23. The model of the periodic table below shows the location of four elements. If an element has the properties of being ductile and shiny, as well as conducts heat, which section(s) of the table would it be found in? 24. Why are metalloids used so often in electronic equipment such as computers? 25. What is the mass number of an atom that has 9 protons, 9 electrons and 9 neutrons? 26. What is the name of this element? 27. Calculate density of an object that has the mass of 250g and the volume of 12ml: Density = m/v D = 28. What is the part of an atom that determines an atom s identity? 29. Here are two models of the same substance. How do you know if this is an element or a compound? Explain here: 30. Find the number of electrons in the following elements: Si Ar K Mg
6 Compounds, Formulas, Bonding and Reactions 31. Above is the chemical equation for photosynthesis. a. How many elements are involved in the equation for photosynthesis? b. What are the elements involved in the equation for photosynthesis? c. What are the compounds involved in the equation for photosynthesis? d. How many atoms of O are there in 6H 2O? e. What are the reactants in the equation for photosynthesis? f. What are the products in the equation for photosynthesis? 32. What is the Law of Conservation of Mass? 33. How is the Law of Conservation of Mass demonstrated when you balance a chemical equation? 34. Write if each equation demonstrates or does not demonstrate the Conservation of Mass. Then explain why is does or does not demonstrate it. Reaction 1 SnO 2 + H 2 Sn + 2H 2O Demonstrates or Does not Demonstrate Why or Why Not? 2 NH 3 + HCl NH 4Cl 3 2Rb + P Rb 3P 4 2C + 2SO 2 CS 2 + 2HO 2
7 35.In this chemical formula, 7H 2OSP 3 - List each element, and how many of each in the substance 36.Complete the chart below. In the Evidence: How do you know column, explain how you know that the equation is a balanced or not balanced one. Equation 2NaOH + H 2CO 3 Na 2CO 3 + H 2O Balanced or Not Balanced Evidence: How do you know? N 2 + H 2 NH 3 4FeS O 2 2Fe 2O 3 + 8SO 2 3Fe + 4H 2O Fe 3O 4 + 4H 2 H O P O O O H H 37. Write the chemical formula for the substance above 38. Label the diagram with the names of each part or step: Na NaO 39. What are the main six indicators/evidence that a chemical reaction has occurred?
8 40. Sometimes a physical change can look like a chemical change has happened. Explain why a color change when two or more substances are mixed together, does not always indicate a chemical change. Use an example to make your point: 41. A chemical change produces a new whose properties are compared to the properties of the reactants. 42. Some students conducted an investigation in which they added four different solid substances to separate beakers of water. They stirred the mixtures for one minute and then recorded their answers in this data table: Which substance most likely caused a new substance to be formed when mixed with water? 43. What is an endothermic reaction? 44. What is an exothermic reaction? 45. Look at the graphs. Explain what each graph is representing and how the lines show energy changes. Endothermic: Exothermic:
9 Example Test Questions: 1. A student mixes two unknown substances together and observes what happens. What evidence is shown that a chemical reaction may have occurred? Evidence: 2. Which equation shows that the total mass during a chemical reaction stays the same? Circle the correct one. 2Na + 2H 20 NaOH + H 2 H 2 + O 2 H 2O Mg + Cl 2 MgCl 2 3. In a chemical reaction, the elements and numbers of each atom remain the same. If this true, what must also be true about the mass (grams)? 4. Which information could a student determine by looking at only the chemical formula of a substance? (8.5D) a. The color of the substance b. The physical arrangement of atoms in its structure c. The number of atoms of each element in the substance 5. Circle the following words that are physical properties: Texture Color Change in Odor Melting Point Density Solubility Reactivity 6. Explain why a state of matter change is NOT evidence of a chemical reaction.
10 Study Tips and Reminders 1. Complete this test review and then study! Tip if you can teach the material, you know the material!! 2. Text book pages that relate to this material: Unit 3 p and (the second half of the unit focuses on the second half of Unit 3 in the textbook) 3. Notes are always posted on the website look in Unit 2 4. Remember, the Unit Enrichment and Review section at the bottom of every unit has even more videos and links. 5. The labs and their concepts turn into questions on the test! Take a look at the chemical reactions lab and notice evidences that a chemical reaction has occurred. 6. Main concepts: Know the part of the atom and why they are each important Know how to read and use the periodic table Know how read a chemical formula what do the subscripts and coefficients mean? How can you tell which elements are present. Know the Law of Conservation of Mass and how it is applied to chemical reactions Know the difference between physical and chemical properties and changes Exothermic and endothermic reactions Know how to recognize what a balanced equation looks like
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