Amines Amines (e.g. RNH 2 ) are organic derivatives of ammonia, NH 3 similar to ammonia

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Amines Amines (e.g. RNH 2 ) are organic derivatives of ammonia, NH 3 similar to ammonia"

Transcription

1 148Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry (e.g. 2 ) are organic derivatives of ammonia, 3 similar to ammonia omenclature: suffix 2 prefix 2 ( 3 ) 2 Types: Primary (1 o ), secondary (2 o ), tertiary (3 o ) or quaternary ammonium cations (4 o ). Structure : 3 2 l _ ame ammonia ethyl amine Type dimethyl amine trimethyl amine tetramethyl ammonium 148

2 149Exam 2 notes Physical Properties: ydrogen bonding? Melting points: Boiling points: rganic hemistry Solubility in aqueous media: Structure: eactivity: The important organic reactions of amines 1. As bases with common acids: 2. As nucleophiles with the common electrophiles: A) B) ) 149

3 150Exam 2 notes Acidity: rganic hemistry 3 a a 2 1. a 2 2. 'X ' X X a 2 2 -X X Basicity: X a 2 2 -X

4 151Exam 2 notes Aryl amines: rganic hemistry 2 The basicity of aryl amines is: Increased by: Decreased by: 2 eteroaromatic compounds: 151

5 152Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry Preparation of Ammonia Alkylation Phthalimide Alkylation -X X - 1. K 2. -X eductions: Azides [] 2 itriles [] 2 2 itro Ar 2 [] Ar 2 Amides 2 LiAl eductive Amination ' " 2 2. [] " 2 ' 152

6 153Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry Alkylation of Ammonia by Alkyl alides -X X - 3 -X 2 -X 2 -X 3 -X 4 X MEAISM F AMMIA ALKYLATI ' 2 2 _ Br 2 ' ' 2 ' 2 2 ' 153

7 154Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry Alkylation of Phthalimide eaction type: Advantage: Disadvantage: Mechanism: 1. K 2. -X _ 2 Br

8 155Exam 2 notes eduction of Azides eaction type : verall reaction: eagents : rganic hemistry [] 2 eduction of itriles xidation number eaction type: verall eaction: eagents : [] 2 2 eduction of itro ompounds [] Ar 2 Ar 2 eaction type : itroarenes can be reduced to primary aryl amines eagents: Importance: eduction of Amides 2 LiAl 4 eaction type: verall reaction: ' 2, reduced to, 2 ' 2 Typical reagents : Products:

9 156Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry LiAl 4 Mechanism: LiAl 4 LiAl 4 ' ' " ' ' " '" Li Al 3 Al 2 '" '" Li Al 3 '" 156

10 157Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry eductive Amination via Imines or Eneamines eaction type : verall eaction: Typical reagents : step 1 : step 2 : Importance: ' " 2 Then educe " 2 ' eactions of 1. ucleophilic substitution alkyl halides 2. ucleophilic addition aldehydes or ketones 3. ucleophilic acyl substitution carboxylic acid derivatives, 157

11 158Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry Alkyl alides -X X - Aldehydes and Ketones arboxylic acid deriviatives 2 ' " 2 ' " 2 l ' 2 Then educe " 2 ' ' Base '2 ' 2 Base '2 " 2 2 ofmann Elimination 2 1. Excess 3 I 2. Ag 2 / 2 ( 3 ) 3 2 Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution E E Diazotization E itrosation 2 ' 2 '

12 159Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry Alkylation of by Alkyl alides -X 2 ' 3 ' 3 X - ' 3 -X 2 -X 2 -X 3 -X 4 X eaction of with Aldehydes and Ketones Primary amines Secondary amines ' " 2 2 ' " 2 Then educe ' " " 2 ' eaction type: ucleophilic Addition then Elimination 1 amines: 2 amines: Preparation of Amides l ' 2 Base '2 2 2 eaction type: ' 2 Base '2 eagents: Limitations: 159

13 160Exam 2 notes ofmann Elimination rganic hemistry 1. Excess 3 I 2 2. Ag 2 / 2 eaction type: eagent: Mechanism: ( 3 ) I = Ag 2 2 :( 3 ) 3 2 egioselectivity: ofmann product 2 1. Excess 3 I 2. Ag 2 / 2 EAT ( 3 ) 3 Selectivity: B3 3 B 3 B

14 161Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution E E E Limitation: Problem: 2 2 Br 2 2 l or 161

15 162Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry Diazotization of primary amines itrosation of secondary amines 2 ' 2 ' 2 2 eagents: Mechanism for diazotization reaction of Primary alkyl or aryl amines 2 162

16 163Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry Mechanism for Secondary alkyl or aryl amines 2 Tertiary alkyl amines Tertiary aryl amines Useful eactions Aryl Diazonium Ions Schiemann reaction Sandmeyer reactions Azo Dyes l ul ubr Br 3 P 2 or Ethanol 2, 2 S 4 eat (100 o ) 2 KI BF 4 u I F 163

17 164Exam 2 notes rganic hemistry Spectroscopic Analysis I Absorbance (cm -1 ) M - Interpretation esonance (ppm) (broad, exchangeable) M Interpretation esonance (ppm) Interpretation UV-VIS Mass Spectrometry ( 3 ) The nitrogen rule: 1. o nitrogens 2. odd number of atoms 3. even number of atoms ( 3 )

Chapter 22: Amines. Organic derivatives of ammonia, NH 3. Nitrogen atom have a lone pair of electrons, making the amine both basic and nucleophilic

Chapter 22: Amines. Organic derivatives of ammonia, NH 3. Nitrogen atom have a lone pair of electrons, making the amine both basic and nucleophilic hapter 22: Amines. rganic derivatives of ammonia, 3. itrogen atom have a lone pair of electrons, making the amine both basic and nucleophilic 22.1: Amines omenclature. (please read) sp 3 Amines are classified

More information

Lecture Notes Chemistry Mukund P. Sibi Lecture 36 Synthesis of Amines

Lecture Notes Chemistry Mukund P. Sibi Lecture 36 Synthesis of Amines Lecture otes hemistry 42-2008 Mukund P. Sibi Synthesis of Amines Amines can be prepared from a variety of starting materials. All of these methods involve functional group transformations. The main methods

More information

896 Chapter 21 Amines H H N R R R N R H R N R H O H R 3 N CH 2 NH 2 NHCH 3

896 Chapter 21 Amines H H N R R R N R H R N R H O H R 3 N CH 2 NH 2 NHCH 3 896 Chapter 21 Amines 21.20 Summary Section 21.1 Section 21.2 Section 21.3 Section 21.4 Alkylamines are compounds of the type shown, where R, R, and R are alkyl groups. ne or more of these groups is an

More information

Alkylamines are compounds of the type shown, where R, R, and R are alkyl groups. One or more of these groups is an aryl group in arylamines.

Alkylamines are compounds of the type shown, where R, R, and R are alkyl groups. One or more of these groups is an aryl group in arylamines. 22.20 Summary 955 22.20 SUMMARY Section 22.1 Alkylamines are compounds of the type shown, where R, R, and R are alkyl groups. ne or more of these groups is an aryl group in s. R R R R amine R Secondary

More information

Chapter 24. Amines. Based on McMurry s Organic Chemistry, 7 th edition

Chapter 24. Amines. Based on McMurry s Organic Chemistry, 7 th edition Chapter 24. Amines Based on McMurry s Organic Chemistry, 7 th edition Amines Organic Nitrogen Compounds Organic derivatives of ammonia, NH 3, Nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons, making amines

More information

6.10 Amines. Naming. N Goalby chemrevise.org 1 CH2 CH2

6.10 Amines. Naming. N Goalby chemrevise.org 1 CH2 CH2 6.10 Amines aming Amines These end in amine. There is, however, rather confusingly two ways of using this suffix. The exam board tend to use the common version where the name stem ends in -yl propylamine.

More information

Amines. Amines are organic compounds containing a nitrogen functionality. primary secondary tertiary quaternary

Amines. Amines are organic compounds containing a nitrogen functionality. primary secondary tertiary quaternary Amines Amines are organic compounds containing a nitrogen functionality Depending upon the number of alkyl, or aryl, groups attached to nitrogen determines its classification, or order 2 primary secondary

More information

R N R N R N. primary secondary tertiary

R N R N R N. primary secondary tertiary Chapter 19 Amines omenclature o assification of amines Amines are classified as 1, 2, or 3 based on how many R groups are attached to the nitrogen R R R R R R primary secondary tertiary When there are

More information

CHEM 234: Organic Chemistry II Reaction Sheets

CHEM 234: Organic Chemistry II Reaction Sheets EM234:rganichemistry eactionsheets ucleophilic addition at carbonyl groups: Grignards and reducing agents u: u u u: u u = or = or l u u u ucleophilic addition at carbonyl groups: oxygen and nitrogen nucleophiles:

More information

Chapter 23 Amines Review of Concepts azide synthesis synthesis reductive amination sodium cyanoborohydride Hofmann elimination

Chapter 23 Amines Review of Concepts azide synthesis synthesis reductive amination sodium cyanoborohydride Hofmann elimination Chapter 23 Amines eview of Concepts Fill in the blanks below. To verify that your answers are correct, look in your textbook at the end of Chapter 23. Each of the sentences below appears verbatim in the

More information

Amines and Heterocycles. McMurry: Chapter 24

Amines and Heterocycles. McMurry: Chapter 24 Amines and Heterocycles McMurry: Chapter 24 Introduction to Amines and Heterocycles Amines and heterocycles (cyclic amines) are ammonia derivatives, many of whichare found widely in livingorganisms: 2

More information

Amines (McM chapt 24)

Amines (McM chapt 24) Amines (McM chapt 24) (: alkyl, aryl) - 2 Primary amine ' Secondary amine '' ' Tertiary amine ' ''' '' Quartenary ammonium salts Basic compounds ' '' - ' '' + pka Alkylamines: ca 9-11 Arylamines: ca 4-5

More information

22.16 Nitrosation of Alkylamines

22.16 Nitrosation of Alkylamines 22.16 itrosation of Alkylamines itrite Ion, itrous Acid, and itrosyl Cation O O O O O O O O itrosyl Cation and itrosation O itrosyl Cation and itrosation O O itrosation of Secondary Alkylamines O O O nitrosation

More information

Loudon Chapter 23 Review: Amines CHEM 3331, Jacquie Richardson, Fall Page 1

Loudon Chapter 23 Review: Amines CHEM 3331, Jacquie Richardson, Fall Page 1 Loudon Chapter 23 eview: Amines CEM 3331, Jacquie ichardson, Fall 2010 - Page 1 This chapter is about the chemistry of nitrogen. We ve seen it before in several places, but now we can look at several reactions

More information

Chapter 20 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

Chapter 20 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution ucleophilic Acyl Substitution hapter 20 arboxylic Acid Derivatives ucleophilic Acyl Substitution Y (1) need to have Y as a u Y u u + Y (2) could not happen with aldehydes or ketones as : and : are poor

More information

Chapter 19: Amines. Introduction

Chapter 19: Amines. Introduction Chapter 19: Amines Chap 19 HW: (be able to name amines); 37, 39, 41, 42, 44, 46, 47, 48, 53-55, 57, 58 Introduction Organic derivatives of ammonia. Many are biologically active. Chap 19: Amines Slide 19-2

More information

Amines Reading Study Problems Key Concepts and Skills Lecture Topics: Amines: structure and nomenclature

Amines Reading Study Problems Key Concepts and Skills Lecture Topics: Amines: structure and nomenclature Amines Reading: Wade chapter 19, sections 19-1-19-19 Study Problems: 19-37, 19-39, 19-40, 19-41, 19-44, 19-46, 19-47, 19-48, 19-51, 19-54 Key Concepts and Skills: Explain how the basicity of amines varies

More information

Carbon-heteroatom single bonds basic C N C X. X= F, Cl, Br, I Alkyl Halide C O. epoxide Chapter 14 H. alcohols acidic H C S C. thiols.

Carbon-heteroatom single bonds basic C N C X. X= F, Cl, Br, I Alkyl Halide C O. epoxide Chapter 14 H. alcohols acidic H C S C. thiols. hapter 13: Alcohols and Phenols 13.1 Structure and Properties of Alcohols Alkanes arbon - arbon Multiple Bonds arbon-heteroatom single bonds basic Alkenes X X= F, l,, I Alkyl alide amines hapter 23 nitro

More information

Q.1 Draw structures for all amines of molecular formula C 4 H 11 N. Classify them as primary, secondary or tertiary amines.

Q.1 Draw structures for all amines of molecular formula C 4 H 11 N. Classify them as primary, secondary or tertiary amines. 1 AMIES Structure ontain the 2 group. lassification primary (1 ) amines secondary (2 ) amines tertiary (3 ) amines quarternary (4 ) ammonium salts + 1 2 3 4 Aliphatic Aromatic methylamine, ethylamine,

More information

Mechanism Summary for A-level AQA Chemistry

Mechanism Summary for A-level AQA Chemistry Mechanism Summary for Alevel AQA hemistry Electrophilic Addition of Alkenes with omine Electrophilic Addition of Alkenes with sulphuric acid 3 S 2 3 3 S 2 S 2 Electrophilic Addition of Alkenes with hydrogen

More information

TOPIC 5. AMINES (Chapter 20)

TOPIC 5. AMINES (Chapter 20) L TPIC 5. AMIES (Chapter 20) BJECTIVES 1. ame aliphatic and aromatic amines 2. Describe the basicity of amines, predict base strength based on structure 3. Recognize nucleophilicity of amines 4. Develop

More information

CHAPTER 22: Amines R 2 H N N N R 1. cadeverine N CH 3. nicotine

CHAPTER 22: Amines R 2 H N N N R 1. cadeverine N CH 3. nicotine Based on notes by JZ updated 4/2018 Amines are Biologically Important CAPTE 22: Amines Amino acids are the basis of all peptides and proteins. These are the tissue building blocks and nature's catalysts

More information

Chapter 20. Amines. Nomenclature for amines. Aryl amines

Chapter 20. Amines. Nomenclature for amines. Aryl amines Nomenclature for amines Chapter 20 Common names are widely used, named as alkylamines Systematic (IUPAC) nomenclature replaces the -e of the corresponding parent alkane with -amine Amines Simple secondary

More information

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives and Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Reactions. McMurray Text Chapter 21

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives and Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Reactions. McMurray Text Chapter 21 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives and Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution eactions McMurray Text Chapter 21 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives X Acid alide Ester ' Acid Anhydride ' N 2 Amide (1 ) Nomenclature Acid alides

More information

Amines. Chapter 24 Organic Chemistry, 8th Edition. John McMurry

Amines. Chapter 24 Organic Chemistry, 8th Edition. John McMurry Amines Chapter 24 Organic Chemistry, 8th Edition John McMurry 1 Introduction Amines are stronger bases and better nucleophiles than other neutral organic compounds. 2 Nomenclature 1 Amines are named using

More information

Chapter 22 Amines. Nomenclature Amines are classified according to the degree of substitution at nitrogen.

Chapter 22 Amines. Nomenclature Amines are classified according to the degree of substitution at nitrogen. CH. 22 Chapter 22 Amines Amines are very important in biological chemistry. Most of the bases in biological acid-base reactions are amines. They are also very important nucleophiles in biochemical reactions.

More information

Chapter 20 Amines-part 2

Chapter 20 Amines-part 2 Reactions of Amines Lone pair on the nitrogen directs the chemistry of amines Chapter 20 Amines-part 2 The nitrogen lone pair can also make a carbon nucleophilic by resonance Amines can also activate carbons

More information

Dr. Mohamed El-Newehy

Dr. Mohamed El-Newehy By Dr. Mohamed El-Newehy Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University http://fac.ksu.edu.sa/melnewehy Amines 1 Classification and Structure of Amines -The relation between ammonia and

More information

CH 24: Amines. Topics Synthesis of amines Hofmann Elimination Aryl amines Diazonium salts. Connections: CH 2 NH2. R Br R C N O NH 2 CH 3 N H 2 N + O -

CH 24: Amines. Topics Synthesis of amines Hofmann Elimination Aryl amines Diazonium salts. Connections: CH 2 NH2. R Br R C N O NH 2 CH 3 N H 2 N + O - rganic Chemistry otes by Jim Maxka C 24: Amines Topics Synthesis of amines ofmann Elimination Aryl amines Diazonium salts Connections: C C 2 2 2 C 2 2 2-3 - 2 2 2 C Ph- 2 Ph- Ph-C Ph- C24-1 rganic Chemistry

More information

Chapter 12. Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds Oxidation-Reduction & Organometallic Compounds. Structure

Chapter 12. Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds Oxidation-Reduction & Organometallic Compounds. Structure Chapter 12 Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds xidation-eduction & rganometallic Compounds Created by Professor William Tam & Dr. Phillis Chang Structure ~ 120 o ~ 120 o C ~ 120 o Carbonyl carbon: sp 2 hybridized

More information

Week 6 notes CHEM

Week 6 notes CHEM Week 6 notes EM1002 2009 Unless otherwise stated, all images in this file have been reproduced from: Blackman, Bottle, Schmid, Mocerino and Wille, hemistry, 2007 (John Wiley) ISBN: 9 78047081 0866 1 Note

More information

Synthesis of Amines Amine Alkylation by SN2 reaction II. Reductive Amination

Synthesis of Amines Amine Alkylation by SN2 reaction II. Reductive Amination Synthesis of Amines I. Amine Alkylation by SN2 reaction Amines can be alkylated in SN2 fashion by alkyl halides; primary halides are best for this purpose. This is not a practical reaction for formation

More information

ammonium salt (acidic)

ammonium salt (acidic) Chem 360 Jasperse Ch. 19 otes. Amines 1 eactions of Amines 1. eaction as a proton base (Section 19-5 and 19-6) amine base -X (proton acid) a X ammonium salt (acidic) Mechanism: equired (protonation) everse

More information

Acyl-Transfer Reactions

Acyl-Transfer Reactions hem 215-216 W13 otes Dr. Masato Koreeda - Page 1 of 17. Date: March 18, 2013 hapter 15: arboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives and 21.3, /21.5 A Acyl-Transfer eactions I. Introduction Examples: note: could

More information

Amines - Derivatives of Ammonia

Amines - Derivatives of Ammonia Amines - Derivatives of Ammonia lassification by the number of attached groups ethylamine diethylamine triethylamine Amines - Derivatives of Ammonia lassification by the type of attached groups 2 2 aromatic

More information

Definition: A carboxylic acid derivative undergoes hydrolysis (bond breaking with water) to form a carboxylic acid R C N + H 2 O + H O R

Definition: A carboxylic acid derivative undergoes hydrolysis (bond breaking with water) to form a carboxylic acid R C N + H 2 O + H O R arboxylic Acid Derivatives Addition/Elimination Definition: A carboxylic acid derivative undergoes hydrolysis (bond breaking with water) to form a carboxylic acid X = l, Br addition/elimination X acid

More information

22.7 Reactions of Amines: A Review and a Preview

22.7 Reactions of Amines: A Review and a Preview 22.7 Reactions of Amines: A Review and a Preview Preparation of Amines Two questions to answer: 1) How is the C N C N bond to be formed? 2) How do we obtain the correct oxidation state of nitrogen (and

More information

All Classes of Organic Compounds

All Classes of Organic Compounds Amines All Classes of Organic Compounds ydrocarbons Functionalized ydrocarbons F,Cl,Br O,S, Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes Aromatics alides -O- -S- -- Alcohols Phenols Ethers Thiols Dissulfides Amines O C O C

More information

Amines. Introduction Organic derivatives of ammonia. Many are biologically active.

Amines. Introduction Organic derivatives of ammonia. Many are biologically active. Amines Introduction Organic derivatives of ammonia. Many are biologically active. 1 Biological Activity Neurotransmitters: dopamine Bioregulators: epinephrine Vitamins: niacin, B 6 Alkaloids: nicotine,

More information

Ammonia Primary Secondary Tertiary Quarternary Ammonium Ion

Ammonia Primary Secondary Tertiary Quarternary Ammonium Ion 1 Chapter 19: Amines I. Introduction: Classification: NH 3 RNH 2 R 2 NH R 3 N R 4 N + Ammonia Primary Secondary Tertiary Quarternary Ammonium Ion Amines are a very common functional group in organic chemistry,

More information

Synthetic possibilities Chem 315 Beauchamp 1

Synthetic possibilities Chem 315 Beauchamp 1 Synthetic possibilities hem Beauchamp Propose reasonable syntheses f the following target molecules (TM-#). You can use the given starting materials and any typical ganic reagents studied in our course

More information

Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Aromatic Hydrocarbons Aromatic Hydrocarbons Aromatic hydrocarbons contain six-membered rings of carbon atoms with alternating single and double carbon-carbon bonds. The ring is sometimes shown with a circle in the center instead

More information

Amines. Types of Amines. chemrevise.org. N Goalby Chemrevise.org. primary amine (one C attached to N) H. Secondary amine (two C s.

Amines. Types of Amines. chemrevise.org. N Goalby Chemrevise.org. primary amine (one C attached to N) H. Secondary amine (two C s. Amines Goalby hemrevise.org Types of Amines primary amine (one attached to ) Secondary amine (two s attached to ) 3 2 2 3 name : diethylamine It is also possible to have aromatic amines 2 phenylamine name:

More information

Amines and Related Nitrogen Compounds

Amines and Related Nitrogen Compounds 11 Amines and Related itrogen ompounds hapter Summary Amines are organic derivatives of ammonia. They may be primary, secondary, or tertiary, depending on whether one, two, or three organic groups are

More information

CHEM3331: Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry I Prof. Ognjen Š. Miljanić December 11, 2012

CHEM3331: Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry I Prof. Ognjen Š. Miljanić December 11, 2012 HEM3331: Fundamentals of rganic hemistry I Final Exam Prof. gnjen Š. Miljanić December 11, 2012 Name: Last First Student ID Number: ead all directions very carefully, think about your answer, and then

More information

Class XII: Chemistry Chapter 13: Amines Top concepts

Class XII: Chemistry Chapter 13: Amines Top concepts Class XII: Chemistry Chapter 13: Amines Top concepts 1. Amines are regarded as derivatives of ammonia in which one, two or all three hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl or aryl group 2. Classification

More information

Chem 342 Organic Chemistry II Final Exam 13 May 2009

Chem 342 Organic Chemistry II Final Exam 13 May 2009 hem 342 rganic hemistry II Final Exam 13 May 2009 KEY Please read through each question carefully and answer in the spaces provided. A good strategy is to go through the test and answer all the questions

More information

20.5 Preparation of Amines

20.5 Preparation of Amines RGANIC CHEMISTRY 20.5 Preparation of Amines RGANIC CHEMISTRY 20.5A Through Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions Alkylation of Ammonia or Amines NaH NH 3 + R X RNH 3 X RNH2 R + R X R 2 X NaH R 2 NH R 2 NH

More information

Organic Chemistry I Exam 3 Fall 2001 November 30, Which of the following compounds corresponds to the spectral data given below?

Organic Chemistry I Exam 3 Fall 2001 November 30, Which of the following compounds corresponds to the spectral data given below? . Which of the following compounds corresponds to the spectral data given below? one of these. The reaction energy diagram given below corresponds to which of the following reactions? TS TS TS Br + R RI

More information

CHEM 203. Midterm Exam 1 October 31, 2008 ANSWERS. This a closed-notes, closed-book exam. You may use your set of molecular models

CHEM 203. Midterm Exam 1 October 31, 2008 ANSWERS. This a closed-notes, closed-book exam. You may use your set of molecular models CEM 203 Midterm Exam 1 ctober 31, 2008 Your name: ANSWERS This a closed-notes, closed-book exam You may use your set of molecular models This exam contains 8 pages Time: 1h 30 min 1. / 15 2. / 16 3. /

More information

Unless otherwise stated, all images in this file have been reproduced from:

Unless otherwise stated, all images in this file have been reproduced from: Unless otherwise stated, all images in this file have been reproduced from: Blackman, Bottle, Schmid, Mocerino and Wille, hemistry, 2007 (John Wiley) ISBN: 9 78047081 0866 1 hemistry 1B EM1002 Lecture

More information

AMINES. 3. Secondary When two hydrogen atoms are replaced by two alkyl or aryl groups.

AMINES. 3. Secondary When two hydrogen atoms are replaced by two alkyl or aryl groups. AMINES Amine may be regarded as derivative of ammonia formed by replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by corresponding number of alkyl or aryl group CLASSIFICATION 1. Ammonia 2. Primary amine 3. Secondary

More information

Carbonyl Chemistry. aldehydes ketones. carboxylic acid and derivatives. Wednesday, April 29, 2009

Carbonyl Chemistry. aldehydes ketones. carboxylic acid and derivatives. Wednesday, April 29, 2009 Carbonyl Chemistry X aldehydes ketones carboxylic acid and derivatives Electrophiles (eg. + ) Nucleophiles (eg. C 3 MgBr) an enolate Base β β β α α α 1 2 3 4 Nuc- 1 2 Nuc 3 4 1,2-addition 1 2 3 4 Nuc-

More information

Chem 263 Nov 7, elimination reaction. There are many reagents that can be used for this reaction. Only three are given in this course:

Chem 263 Nov 7, elimination reaction. There are many reagents that can be used for this reaction. Only three are given in this course: hem 263 Nov 7, 2013 Preparation of Ketones and Aldehydes from Alcohols xidation of Alcohols [] must have at least 1 E elimination reaction [] = oxidation; removal of electrons [] = reduction; addition

More information

AMINES. 3. From your knowledge of the effects involved, predict or explain experimental results. Important areas include:

AMINES. 3. From your knowledge of the effects involved, predict or explain experimental results. Important areas include: AMINES A STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO: 1. Name given the structure, and draw the structure given the name of amines and common nitrogen heterocycles (pyrrole and pyridine). Also, give the classification of

More information

Unit 13-NITROGEN CONTAINING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Unit 13-NITROGEN CONTAINING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Unit 13-NITROGEN CONTAINING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Two marks: 1. Name the product obtained when a nitrile is reduced by H 2 /Ni,. Give the equation. H 2 /Ni, Primary amine: RCN RCH 2 NH 2. 2. How is nitrobenzene

More information

Chapter 12: Carbonyl Compounds II

Chapter 12: Carbonyl Compounds II Chapter 12: Carbonyl Compounds II Learning bjectives: 1. Recognize and assign names to aldehydes and ketones. 2. Write the mechanism for nucleophilic addition and nucleophilic addition-elimination reactions

More information

acetaldehyde (ethanal)

acetaldehyde (ethanal) hem 263 Nov 2, 2010 Preparation of Ketones and Aldehydes from Alkenes zonolysis 1. 3 2. Zn acetone 1. 3 2. Zn acetone acetaldehyde (ethanal) Mechanism: 3 3 3 + - oncerted reaction 3 3 3 + ozonide (explosive)

More information

OCR Chemistry A H432. Amines are described as primary, secondary or tertiary depending on how many carbons are bonded to the N atom.

OCR Chemistry A H432. Amines are described as primary, secondary or tertiary depending on how many carbons are bonded to the N atom. OCR Chemistry A 432 About amines: can be considered as derivatives of ammonia, with one or more of the atoms replaced by alkyl groups. They are noted for their unpleasant, often fishy odours. We classify

More information

ORGANIC - EGE 5E CH. 2 - COVALENT BONDING AND CHEMICAL REACTIVITY

ORGANIC - EGE 5E CH. 2 - COVALENT BONDING AND CHEMICAL REACTIVITY !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: HYBRID ORBITAL THEORY The Aufbau Principle states that electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy. If carbon has only two unfilled orbitals, why does it like to

More information

Dr. Munther Abdujaleel M.A. Assist. Prof. Org. Chem.

Dr. Munther Abdujaleel M.A. Assist. Prof. Org. Chem. Dr. Munther Abdujaleel M.A. Assist. Prof. Org. Chem. Amines An amine, derivatives of ammonia NH 3 has the general formula RNH 2, R 2 NH, or R 3 N, where R is any alkyl or aryl group. For example: Adernalin

More information

Chem 263 Nov 24, Properties of Carboxylic Acids

Chem 263 Nov 24, Properties of Carboxylic Acids Chem 263 ov 24, 2009 Properties of Carboxylic Acids Since carboxylic acids are structurally related to both ketones and aldehydes, we would expect to see some similar structural properties. The carbonyl

More information

Downloaded from

Downloaded from Page 1 of 6 AMINES Amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH3), obtained by replacement of 1, 2 or all the 3 hydrogen atoms by alkyl and/or aryl groups. In nature amines are present in - proteins, vitamins,

More information

Chapter 10: Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Chapter 10: Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives Chapter 10: Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives The back of the white willow tree (Salix alba) is a source of salicylic acid which is used to make aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) The functional group

More information

Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles

Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles Why this Chapter? Carboxylic acids present in many industrial processes and most biological processes They are the starting materials from which other acyl derivatives are

More information

Loudon Chapter 23 Review: Amines Jacquie Richardson, CU Boulder Last updated 4/22/2018

Loudon Chapter 23 Review: Amines Jacquie Richardson, CU Boulder Last updated 4/22/2018 This chapter is about the chemistry of nitrogen. We ve seen it before in several places, but now we can look at several reactions that are specific to nitrogen. Amines can be subdivided based on how many

More information

Structure and Reactivity: Prerequired Knowledge

Structure and Reactivity: Prerequired Knowledge Structure and eactivity: Prerequired Knowledge!!! The concepts presented in this summary are required for lecture and examination!!! 1. Important Principles in rganic Chemistry In general, structures which

More information

MOLECULAR REPRESENTATIONS AND INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

MOLECULAR REPRESENTATIONS AND INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY MOLEULAR REPRESENTATIONS AND INFRARED SPETROSOPY A STUDENT SOULD BE ABLE TO: 1. Given a Lewis (dash or dot), condensed, bond-line, or wedge formula of a compound draw the other representations. 2. Give

More information

Lecture 15. Carbonyl Chemistry C B. March 6, Chemistry 328N

Lecture 15. Carbonyl Chemistry C B. March 6, Chemistry 328N Lecture 15 Carbonyl Chemistry - A C B A C + B March 6, 2018 Some loose ends Substitution Reactions Aryl halides do not undergo nucleophilic substitution by either S N 1 or S N 2 pathways! But.. But.this

More information

Lecture'15:'March'21,'2013

Lecture'15:'March'21,'2013 CM'224' 'rganic'chemistry'ii Spring'2013,'Des'Plaines' 'Prof.'Chad'Landrie S C 3 C 3 cimetidine (Tagement) C Lecture'15:'March'21,'2013 Synthesis*of*Amines*(24.1) eac8ons*of*amines**(24.2924.5) Basicity)in)Drug)Development

More information

Top concepts Chapter: Amines 1. Amines are regarded as derivatives of ammonia in which one, two or all three hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl or aryl group 2. Classification of amines: 3. Preparation

More information

Chapter 20: Aldehydes and Ketones

Chapter 20: Aldehydes and Ketones hapter 20: Aldehydes and Ketones [hapter 20 Sections: 20.1-20.7, 20.9-10.10, 20.13] 1. Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones ketone ' aldehyde 2. eview of the Synthesis of Aldehydes and Ketones Br Br f

More information

Appendix A. Common Abbreviations, Arrows, and Symbols. Abbreviations

Appendix A. Common Abbreviations, Arrows, and Symbols. Abbreviations smi97462_apps.qxd 12/6/04 1:09 PM Page A-1 Appendix A ommon Abbreviations, Arrows, and Symbols Abbreviations Ac acetyl, 3 BBN 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane BINAP 2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl

More information

AMINES. 4. From your knowledge of the effects involved, predict or explain experimental results. Important areas include:

AMINES. 4. From your knowledge of the effects involved, predict or explain experimental results. Important areas include: AMINES A STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO: 1. Give the IUPAC or common name given the structure, and draw the structure given the name of amines and common nitrogen heterocycles (pyrrole, pyridine, purine, pyrimidine,

More information

Name/CG: 2012 Term 2 Organic Chemistry Revision (Session II) Deductive Question

Name/CG: 2012 Term 2 Organic Chemistry Revision (Session II) Deductive Question Name/G: 2012 Term 2 rganic hemistry Revision (Session II) Deductive Question 1(a) A yellow liquid A, 7 7 N 2, reacts with alkaline potassium manganate (VII) and on acidification gives a yellow solid B,

More information

Chapter 17 Aldehydes and Ketones

Chapter 17 Aldehydes and Ketones hapter 17 Aldehydes and Ketones arbonyl Groups polarized (1) Aldehydes and Ketones ' aldehydes ketones : and : are poor leaving groups (2) arboxylic Acid Derivatives l ' ' 2 carboxylic acid substituent

More information

2.222 Introductory Organic Chemistry II Midterm Exam

2.222 Introductory Organic Chemistry II Midterm Exam NAME: STUDENT NUMBE: Page 1 of 7 University of Manitoba Department of hemistry 2.222 Introductory rganic hemistry II Midterm Exam Wednesday February 20, 2002 Put all answers in the spaces provided. If

More information

Reactions of Amines. Chem 360 Jasperse Ch. 19 Notes. Amines Reaction as a proton base (Section 19-5 and 19-6)

Reactions of Amines. Chem 360 Jasperse Ch. 19 Notes. Amines Reaction as a proton base (Section 19-5 and 19-6) Chem 360 Jasperse Ch. 19 otes. Amines 1 eactions of Amines 1. eaction as a proton base (Section 19-5 and 19-6) amine base -X (proton acid) a X ammonium salt (acidic) Mechanism: equired (protonation) everse

More information

Chapter 11. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Chapter 11. Introduction to Organic Chemistry hapter 11 Introduction to rganic hemistry Properties of arbon and its compounds 2 Properties of arbon and its compounds 3 Properties of arbon and its compounds 4 Properties of arbon and its compounds 5

More information

Chem 225 Notes Page 128. Chapter 23: Amines

Chem 225 Notes Page 128. Chapter 23: Amines Chem 225 Notes Page 128 Chapter 23: Amines I. Introduction A. Classification of Amines Amines are classified by the number of carbon groups attached to the nitrogen: ammonia primary (1 o ) secondary (2

More information

17 Alcohols H H C C. N Goalby chemrevise.org 1 H H. Bond angles in Alcohols. Boiling points. Different types of alcohols H 2 C CH 2 CH 2

17 Alcohols H H C C. N Goalby chemrevise.org 1 H H. Bond angles in Alcohols. Boiling points. Different types of alcohols H 2 C CH 2 CH 2 17 Alcohols General formula alcohols n 2n+1 Naming Alcohols These have the ending -ol and if necessary the position number for the group is added between the name stem and the ol If the compound has an

More information

Background Information

Background Information ackground nformation ntroduction to Condensation eactions Condensation reactions occur between the α-carbon of one carbonyl-containing functional group and the carbonyl carbon of a second carbonyl-containing

More information

CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES

CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES ARBXYLI AIDS AND TEIR DERIVATIVES A STUDENT SULD BE ABLE T: 1. Give the IUPA name given the structure, and draw the structure given the name, of carboxylic acids and their metal salts, acyl chlorides,

More information

ammonium salt (acidic)

ammonium salt (acidic) Chem 360 Jasperse Ch. 19 otes. Amines 1 eactions of Amines 1. eaction as a proton base (Section 19-5 and 19-6) amine base -X (proton acid) a X ammonium salt (acidic) Mechanism: equired (protonation) everse

More information

Naming Organic Halides. Properties of Organic Halides

Naming Organic Halides. Properties of Organic Halides Organic Compounds Organic Halides A hydrocarbon in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by halogen atoms Freons (chlorofluorocarbons) in refrigeration and air conditioning Teflon (polytetrafluoroethane)

More information

Chapter 17: Carbonyl Compounds II

Chapter 17: Carbonyl Compounds II Chapter 17: Carbonyl Compounds II Learning bjectives: 1. ecognize and assign names to aldehydes and ketones. 2. Write the mechanism for nucleophilic addition and nucleophilic addition-elimination reactions

More information

Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen

Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen BI-GANI EMISTY (rganic hemistry for Biology Students) (SQBS 1603) rganic ompounds ontaining xygen Dr Nik Ahmad Nizam Bin Nik Malek, BSc (Ind. hem.)(utm), MSc (hem)(utm), PhD (hem)(utm), A.M.I. Senior Lecturer,

More information

Carbonyls. Aldehydes and Ketones N Goalby chemrevise.org. chemrevise.org

Carbonyls. Aldehydes and Ketones N Goalby chemrevise.org. chemrevise.org arbonyls Aldehydes and Ketones N Goalby chemrevise.org arbonyls are compounds with a = bond, they can be either aldehydes or ketones. 3 ethanal 3 3 propanone If the = is on the end of the chain with an

More information

Mechanisms. . CCl2 F + Cl.

Mechanisms. . CCl2 F + Cl. Mechanisms 1) Free radical substitution Alkane à halogenoalkane Initiation: Propagation: Termination: Overall: 2) Ozone depletion UV light breaks the C Cl bond releasing chlorine radical CFCl 3 F à. CCl2

More information

Basic Organic Chemistry

Basic Organic Chemistry Basic rganic hemistry ourse code: EM 12162 (Pre-requisites : EM 11122) hapter 06 hemistry of Aldehydes & Ketones Dr. Dinesh R. Pandithavidana ffice: B1 222/3 Phone: (+94)777-745-720 (Mobile) Email: dinesh@kln.ac.lk

More information

Nucleophilic Addition Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Nucleophilic Addition Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Lecture 5: bjectives: Nucleophilic Addition eactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives By the end of this lecture you will be able to: draw the mechanism of a nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction with

More information

Lecture 28 Organic Chemistry 1

Lecture 28 Organic Chemistry 1 CEM 232 rganic Chemistry I University of Illinois at ChicagoUIC Lecture 28 rganic Chemistry 1 Professor Duncan Wardrop April 22, 2010 1 Today s Lecture Topics Covered: 1. Aryl alides - Bonding, Physical

More information

H R' 1 Amine 2 Amine 3 Amine Quaternary Ammonium Salt R'' R'

H R' 1 Amine 2 Amine 3 Amine Quaternary Ammonium Salt R'' R' Amines rganic Bases amines are trivalent, but with a tetrahedral arrangement of electron pairs, although the geometry of a neutral amine is properly described as trigonal pyramidal, since unlike nuclei,

More information

ChemActivity 24: Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives

ChemActivity 24: Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives hemactivity 24: arboxylic Acids & Derivatives PAT A: ABXYLI AIDS, ESTES, AD AMIDES (ow does the acidic group affect the reaction of a carboxylic acid with a nucleophile?) Memization Task 24.1: ecognize

More information

Question 13.1: Classify the following amines as primary, secondary or tertiary: (i) (ii) (iii) (C 2 H 5 ) 2 CHNH 2 (iv) (C 2 H 5 ) 2 NH Primary: (i) and (iii) Secondary: (iv) Tertiary: (ii) Question 13.2:

More information

Carbonyl Compounds. Contain C=O double bond. Include many classes of compounds: aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amides.

Carbonyl Compounds. Contain C=O double bond. Include many classes of compounds: aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amides. PowerPoint to accompany hapter 25 Aldehydes, Ketones and arbohydrates arbonyl ompounds ontain = double bond. Include many classes of compounds: aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amides. ' '

More information

Look for absorption bands in decreasing order of importance:

Look for absorption bands in decreasing order of importance: 1. Match the following to their IR spectra (30 points) Look for absorption bands in decreasing order of importance: a e a 2941 1716 d f b 3333 c b 1466 1.the - absorption(s) between 3100 and 2850 cm-1.

More information

SAR. Structure - Activity Relationships (alkoholy, amíny, aldehydy, ketóny, estery, amidy, kyseliny, uhľovodíky) 2/28/2016

SAR. Structure - Activity Relationships (alkoholy, amíny, aldehydy, ketóny, estery, amidy, kyseliny, uhľovodíky) 2/28/2016 Structure Activity elationships (SA) identifies which functional groups are important for binding and activity SA Structure - Activity elationships (alkoholy, amíny, aldehydy, ketóny, estery, amidy, kyseliny,

More information

Some..(A) Describe the synthesis of azo dyes and the full chemical equations for each step.

Some..(A) Describe the synthesis of azo dyes and the full chemical equations for each step. A2 Chemistry: F324 Rings, Polymers and Analysis Amines Learning Outcomes: All.. (E) Most.. (C) Explain why amines are basic Draw the structure of a primary secondary and tertiary amine Describe the reactions

More information

CHEM 203. Final Exam December 15, 2010 ANSWERS. This a closed-notes, closed-book exam. You may use your set of molecular models

CHEM 203. Final Exam December 15, 2010 ANSWERS. This a closed-notes, closed-book exam. You may use your set of molecular models CEM 203 Final Exam December 15, 2010 Your name: ANSWERS This a closed-notes, closed-book exam You may use your set of molecular models This test contains 15 pages Time: 2h 30 min 1. / 16 2. / 15 3. / 24

More information