Mid-Term 2011 review Chap 1&2
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1 Mid-Term 2011 review Chap 1&2 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. (CAPITAL LETTERS ONLY PLEASE) 1. The study of matter and changes in matter best describes the science of a. biology. c. microbiology. b. physics. d. chemistry. 2. The study of substances containing carbon is a. organic chemistry. c. nuclear chemistry. b. inorganic chemistry. d. analytical chemistry. 3. Organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and physical chemistry are NOT a. biological sciences. b. physical sciences. c. quantitative branches of chemistry. d. concerned primarily with nonliving things. 4. Technology is the a. application of chemical principles to predict events. b. application of scientific knowledge to solve problems. c. study of scientific processes. d. analysis of chemical behavior. 5. One chemical property of matter is a. boiling point. c. reactivity. b. texture. d. density. 6. A physical change occurs when a a. peach spoils. c. bracelet turns your wrist green. b. copper bowl tarnishes. d. glue gun melts a glue stick. 7. The particles in a solid are a. packed closely together. c. constantly in motion. b. very far apart. d. able to slide past each other. 8. The substances that are chemically bound together are a. the gases in the air. c. dust particles in air. b. the elements that compose water. d. substances in blood. 9. Based on their location in the figure above, oxygen and selenium have a. the same number of neutrons. c. similar properties. b. the same conductivity. d. the same number of electron orbitals. 10. Use the figure above. Which element has properties most similar to those of sodium? a. boron c. sulfur b. calcium d. nitrogen 11. The elements that border the zigzag line in the periodic table are a. inactive. c. metalloids. b. metals. d. nonmetals.
2 12. Which statement is NOT true of most metalloids? a. They are used in computers and calculators. b. They are semiconductors of electricity. c. They are generally unreactive. d. They have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals. 13. The reason for organizing, analyzing, and classifying data is a. so that computers can be used. b. to prove a law. c. to find relationships among the data. d. to separate qualitative and quantitative data. 14. The validity of scientific concepts is evaluated by a. collecting facts. c. voting by scientists. b. providing explanations. d. testing hypotheses. 15. A theory is an accepted explanation of an observed phenomenon until a. one study conflicts with the theory. b. repeated data and observation conflict with the theory. c. scientists disagree about the methods used to gather the data. d. an eminent scientist declares that it is inadequate. 16. Standards are chosen because they a. have units that can be converted to other units. b. are reproducible in another laboratory. c. cannot be destroyed by any common physical or chemical means. d. are easily changed. 17. The SI standard units for length and mass are a. centimeter and gram. c. centimeter and kilogram. b. meter and gram. d. meter and kilogram. 18. The symbol for the metric unit used to measure mass is a. m. c. g. b. mm. d. L. 19. The liter is defined as a m 3. c g 3. b cm 3. d c The unit abbreviation for time is a. hr. c. sec. b. h. d. s. 21. The SI base unit for length is the a. meter. c. centimeter. b. millimeter. d. kilometer. 22. When density is measured, a. a balance is always used. b. The units are always kg/m 3. c. the temperature should be specified. d. the mass and volume do not need to be measured.
3 23. The mass of a 6.0 ml sample of kerosene is 4.92 g. The density of kerosene is a g/ml. c. 1.2 g/ml. b g/cm 3. d. 1.5 g/cm milliliters is equivalent to a. 1 hectoliter. c. 1 centiliter. b. 1 microliter. d. 1 deciliter. 25. The number of grams equal to 0.5 kg is a c b d Poor precision in scientific measurement may arise from a. the standard being too strict. b. human error. c. limitations of the measuring instrument. d. both human error and the limitations of the measuring instrument. 27. Precision pertains to all of the following EXCEPT a. reproducibility of measurements. b. agreement among numerical values. c. sameness of measurements. d. closeness of a measurement to an accepted value. 28. When determining the number of significant digits in a measurement, a. all zeros are significant. b. all nonzero digits are significant. c. all zeros between two nonzero digits are not significant. d. all nonzero digits are not significant. 29. A sum or difference of whole numbers should be rounded so that the final digit is in the same place as the a. rightmost uncertain digit. c. leftmost uncertain digit. b. last digit in the longest number. d. leftmost certain digit. 30. The number of significant figures in the measured value g is a. 2. c. 5. b. 3. d The dimensions of a rectangular solid are measured to be 1.27 cm, 1.3 cm, and 2.5 cm. The volume should be recorded as a cm 3. c cm 3. b cm 3. d. 4.1 cm The product of 13 cm and 5.7 cm is correctly reported as a. 74 cm 2. c cm 2. b cm 2. d. 75 cm How many significant digits should be shown in the product of 1.6 cm and 2.4 cm? a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d. 4
4 34. The average distance between the Earth and the moon is km. Expressed in scientific notation, this distance is a km. c km. b km. d km. 35. An analytical balance can measure mass to the nearest 1/ of a gram, g. In scientific notation, the accuracy of the balance would be expressed as a g. c g. b g. d g. 36. The result of dividing 10 7 by 10 3 is a c b d If values for x and y vary as an inverse proportion, a. their quotient is a constant. c. their product is a constant. b. their graph is a parabola. d. their graph is a straight line. 38. Two variables are directly proportional if their has a constant value. a. sum c. quotient b. difference d. product 39. Two variables are inversely proportional if their has a constant value. a. sum c. product b. difference d. quotient 40. Which of the following does NOT describe an inverse proportion between x and y? a. xy = k c. y = k/x b. x = k/y d. k = x/y Completion Complete each statement. 41. Use the periodic table to write the name for the element that has the symbol Bi. 42. Use the periodic table to write the symbol for the element helium. 43. Use the periodic table to write the symbol for the element neon. 44. Use the periodic table to write the symbol for the element iodine. 45. Use the periodic table to write the symbol for the element chlorine.
5 Short Answer 46. In one experiment, magnesium metal is melted. In a second experiment, magnesium metal is burned. Classify the change in each experiment as chemical or physical. Explain your reasoning. 47. Xenon is generally unreactive. How is its low reactivity related to its position in the periodic table? 48. Note the differences between qualitative and quantitative observations. 49. Why are only seven basic SI units needed to express almost any measured quantity? 50. Explain the importance of significant figures when working with measurements and calculated quantities based on actual measurements.
6 Mid-Term 2011 review Chap 1&2 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: III OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: III OBJ: ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: III OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: III OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: III OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: III OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: III OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: 2-3.5
7 COMPLETION 41. ANS: bismuth PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: ANS: He 43. ANS: Ne 44. ANS: I 45. ANS: Cl SHORT ANSWER 46. ANS: In the first experiment, a physical change occurred. The chemical properties of magnesium were unchanged. In the second experiment, a chemical change occurred. A new substance with its own chemical properties was formed. PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: Xenon is a noble gas. It is located in the same group in the periodic table as other noble gases. All noble gases have low reactivities. PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: In qualitative observations, the data are descriptive and non-numerical. In quantitative observations, the data are numerical. PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: The base units are combined to form derived units. PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: ANS: Significant figures identify the digits in a measurement that are certain, along with one estimated digit. When using measurements in calculations, your result must reflect the precision of the least precise measurement. PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: 2-3.2
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