Card 1 Chapter 18. Card 2. Chapter 18. Negative particles that surround the nucleus (like planets around the sun)
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1 Card 1 Card 2 Positive particles in the nucleus of the atom Negative particles that surround the nucleus (like planets around the sun) Card 3 Card 4 Neutral particles in the nucleus of the atom. They help keep the protons together by adding strong nuclear force. Center of the atom; contains the protons and neutrons Card 5 Card 6 Where the electrons reside outside the nucleus. Outermost electrons; electrons in the outside orbit only. Card 7 Card 8 The force responsible for keeping the protons together in the nucleus. Once thought to be the smallest part of the world, the building blocks of matter.
2 Card 2 Card 1 electrons protons Card 4 Card 3 nucleus neutrons Card 6 Card 5 Valence Electrons electron orbits or energy levels Card 8 Card 7 Atoms Strong nuclear force
3 Card 9 Card 10 A substance made up of only one kind of atom. It is pure. A combination of at least two atoms. Could be same elements or different elements. Card 11 Card 12 A combination of two or more different elements. C 2 H 4 O - what does this chemical formula stand for? Card 13 Card 14 What do we call the rows on the periodic table (right to left)? What do we call the columns on the periodic table (up and down)? Card 15 Card 16 What element is in Period 2, group 14? What element is in Period 3, Group 2?
4 Card 10 Card 9 Molecule Element Card 12 Card 11 2 carbons; 4 hydrogens; 1 oxygen Compound Card 14 Card 13 Groups or families. Periods Card 16 Card 15 magnesium carbon
5 Card 17 Card 18 Like charges feel what force? (positive and positive, or negative and negative) Opposite charges feel what force? (Positive and negative) Card 19 Card 20 Two electrons feel what force? Total number of protons and neutrons (p + n) Card 21 Card 22 Number of protons; how we distinguish an element (how we tell them apart) In order for two elements to be the same element they must have the same number of? Card 23 Card 24 If two atoms of the same element have a different number of neutrons we say they are different? Scientist who first named the smallest part of matter.
6 Card 18 Card 17 attract repel Card 20 Card 19 mass number repulsion (they repel each other) Card 22 Card 21 protons (atomic number) atomic number Card 24 Card 23 Democritus, Greek philosopher. Called them "atomos" "indivisible" isotopes
7 Card 25 Card 26 Scientist that worked with gases and in 1808 published an atomic theory. He thought all atoms were like hard spheres. He also realized that atoms are not changed when they combine into compounds. Mid-1900's scientist that discovered electrons. His atomic model was a positive sphere with negative particles stuck in it like raisins. Card 27 Card 28 Early 20th century scientist that shot alpha particles into thin gold sheets. Did the "goldfoil" experiment that led to us knowing about the nucleus. Using light he theorized that electrons orbited the nucleus in distinct energy levels (or orbits). Card 29 Card 30 How do you find the number of neutrons? In a neutral atom how do you find the number of electrons? Card 31 Card 32 How do you find the mass of a molecule? How many full electron levels does Clorine have?
8 Card 26 Card 25 Joseph Thompson John Dalton Card 28 Card 27 Neils Bohr Ernest Rutherford Card 30 Card 29 They equal the number of protons mass # - protons (subtract the number of protons from the mass number, which will be given) Card 32 Card 31 2 and the third level is one electron away from being full (Argon has 3 full levels). add up the atomic masses of all of the atoms. For water add up 2 hydrogens (2 X 1.01 a.m.u.) and 1 oxygen (1 X a.m.u.) = a.m.u.
protons electrons neutrons nucleus Center of the atom; contains protons and neutrons. The Atom Molecules are made up of two or more atoms.
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