Final Report of Minor Research Project
|
|
- Roderick Underwood
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Final Report of Minor Research Project Titled DEVELOPMENT OF FLY ASH /POLYMER COMPOSITES FOR ELECTRRONIC MATERIALS APPLICATIONS UGC Reference No: File No /10(WRO) Submitted by Dr. A. D. Dahegaonkar Department of Physics N. S. Science & Arts College Bhadrawati Dist: Chandrapur Maharashtra State 1 Page
2 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Conducting polymers A polymer (materials containing a long chain of molecular structures) is first and foremost an insulator. The idea that polymers or plastics could conduct electricity is considered absurd. In fact these materials are commonly used for surrounding copper wires and manufacturing the outer structures of electrical appliances that prevent human from coming in direct contact with electricity. Approximately three decades ago, scientists discovered that a type of conjugated polymer called polyacetylene could become highly electrically conductive after undergoing a structural modification process called doping. The polymer is called a conjugated polymer because of the alternating single and double bonds in polymer chain. The de-localized electrons may move around the whole system and become the charge carriers to make them conductive. This polymer can be transformed into a conducting form when electrons are removed from the backbone resulting in added to the backbone resulting in anions. Anions and cations act as charge carriers, hopping from one site to another under the influence of an electrical field, thus increasing conductivity. 1.2 Polyaniline Among the conducting polymers, polyaniline has attracted a considerable scientific interest in recent decades because of its diverse structure, low cost, good electrical properties and wide application in different field, such as microelectronics, corrosion protection, sensor and electrodes for batteries. Since these conducting polymer are usually obtained as power, they are difficult to process. 1.3 Poly (o-anisidine) The practical applications of polyaniline have been limited due to harsh chemical conditions in the synthesis and purification procedure that often lead to an inflexible polymer. To address this problem and improve processability, a diverse set of modified polymerizations have been investigated. 2 Page
3 1.4 Poly (o-toluidine) Much attention of many researchers is due to its ease of synthesis, processibility, good thermal stability and good environmental stability. MacDiarmid investigated Poly (o-toluidine) as an electrically conducting polymer, which is emerging as a promising synthetic metal. The possibility of synthesizing and doping of Poly (o-toluidine) with photonic acid dopants containing different types of counter ions is one of the key factors responsible for the versatility of this class of polymers. Photoluminescent organic molecules are a new class of compounds with interesting properties. They undergo emission over a wide range from the violet to the red. They can also be combined in several different forms to produce white light. One category of organic material with photoluminescence properties is conjugated organic polymers. 1.5 Fly ash Fly ash, a waste product of coal combustion in thermal power plant, contains many hazardous substances such as heavy metals and toxic organic compounds and thus is a major source for environment pollution. Currently in China a small percentage of this waste is mainly utilized for the manufacture of concrete, cement and brick products, and the remainder being directly buried in fly ash ponds or landfills, which is an unsatisfactory solution both from the ecological and economical points of view. As a consequence, new economical and reliable means have to be found out in order to safeguard the environment and provide useful way for its disposal. Because the fly ash contains large amount of SiO 2 and Al2O3, which are main glass network formers, many research and development investigations recently have been conducted in its utilization as a starting material for glass and glass-ceramic production. 1.6 Literature Review Conductive polymers such as polypyrrole, Polyacetylene, etc continue to be the focus of active research in diverse fields including electronics, energy storage catalysis, chemical sensing and optochemistry. Polyaniline is unique among conducting polymers in its wide range of electrical, electrochemical and optical properties as well as good stability. Polyaniline can be doped to highly conducted state by protonic acids or by electrochemical methods and show moderate conductivity upon doping. In literature survey the invention of conducting polymers has been carried into various aspects such as 3 Page
4 Developments in the field of conducting polymers, Development of Polyaniline, Synthesis, Properties, Recent trends. Fig.1.1 Books purchased under M.R.P. 2. SYNTHESIS There are different methods by which conducting polymers can be synthesized. Conducting polymers can be synthesized in the presence of different protonic acid media by different methods. The most widely accepted methods are chemical oxidative polymerization method and electrochemical method Chemical oxidative method is preferred over electrochemical polymerization because of its cost effectiveness and bulk quantity of the polymer that can be prepared during the onset of the reaction. Other techniques include solid state polymerization, plasma polymerization, precursor polymer route, template polymerization. In present investigation deals with the synthesis of conducting polymer polyaniline, poly(o-anisidine), poly(o-toulidine) and its composites with various weight percentage of fly ash. These composites have the ability to enhance their material properties with desirable mechanical and physical characteristics. One way of making these composites involves synthesizing the conductive polymer inside the matrices of conventional polymers using chemical or electrochemical polymerization. 4 Page
5 Fig. 2.1 Weight Balance Fig. 2.3 Hot Air Oven Fig. 2.2 Synthesis process Fig. 2.4 Prepared Samples =========================================================.There are many reports pertaining to the chemical preparation of conductive polymer composites without using any insulating polymer. The most preferred method for synthesis of PANI composites is to use either HCL or H 2SO4 with ammonium peroxydisulfate as an oxidant. In these approaches monomer is polymerized in the presence of commercially available 5 Page
6 inorganic acid particles which act as colloidal substrate for the precipitating polymer nuclei leading to the formation of conducting polymer-inorganic oxide composites.among different conducting polymers polyaniline is chosen as a matrix polymer because of its high stability, easy processability,low cost and wide utility. 3. CHARACTERIZATION Characterization of a material is an important step after its synthesis because it gives useful parameters in determining the properties of polymers. The characterization of conducting polymer composites required various lab techniques which are to be used to determine the structure and properties. Chemical characterizations required to determine the oxidation states. Physical characterization consists of spectroscopic analysis using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) and UV-visible spectrophotometer; structural analysis using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM); thermal analysis using Thermogravimtric Analysis (TGA), Thermal Differential Analysis (DTA) and Differential Scanning Calerometry (DSC). Physico-chemical methods involve the application of electroanalytical techniques like Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). \ A single method may not provide much information, but a combination of two or three methods can give us fairly good knowledge about structure of conducting polymer semiconductor composites. In present investigation, the following useful techniques have been used to investigate the synthesized materials. Scanning Electron Microscopy UV - visible spectroscopy X-Ray Diffraction Fourier Transform Infra Red The aim of the present chapter is to explore the composition of synthesized conducting polymer fly ash composites by using these techniques and each technique has been well explained with introduction, theoretical aspects and finally results and discussion came out from the analysis. 6 Page
7 4. ELECTRIC AND DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES 4.1 Conductivity Measurement The electrical conductivity of polyaniline, poly(o-anisidine), poly(o-toulidine), FA and its composites with various weight percentage of FA measurements were carried out Department of physics N S Science & Arts College Bhadrawati in by four probe resistivity measurement setup as shown in figure 4.2.The whole four probes set-up consist of separate three units Model produced by Scientific Equipment Roorkee. Four probe set up consist of separate three units. Fig. 4.1: Experimental set up of the Four-Probe method 4.2 Dielectric Properties: Dielectric constant measurement are one of the most popular methods of evaluating solid materials, such as electric insulators and polymers, because dielectric constant measurement can be performed easier than chemical analysis techniques. We can evaluate not only the electrical characteristics, but also the physical characteristics, the structure of elements and their density can be derived from measured dielectric constant information. 7 Page
8 5. FUTURE SCOPE OF THE WORK Conducting polymers are becoming of increasing important for a variety of applications. However, still more research is needed to ascertain their use in sensors,electronic devices, photovoltaic devices, electroluminescence, molecular electronics, as catalyst supports low conducting coatings for high voltage transmission cables and for the anodic protection of steel against corrosion. Moreover, there is very great potential to use them in the virtually unexplored biomedical applications. Another versatile area from the technological point of view is the studies on composites containing conducting polymers and an inert polymer matrix. Fly ash utilization is being promoted as an "eco-friendly solution". It is certainly a use of an otherwise useless and potentially hazardous waste. We have not found any data to indicate any environmental problems with fly ash utilization. This could be a result of inadequate focus on the problem, But nor have we found any data that actually absolves fly ash products of potential environmental contamination. In fact, most proponents of fly ash products do not seem to have given this aspect any serious thought. Studies examining the environmental and health effects due to leachates from such applications are hard to come by. ``At the moment we are in the process of studying whether utilization of fly ash will have any human health or environmental effects or not. We are generating data for 3 years after which we can confidently say that fly ash is environment friendly says Vimal Kumar Director of Fly Ash Mission. For a number of meaningful applications, electrical conductivity is potentially one of the most important properties of a material. Usually, raw FA is rich in aluminosilicate materials(mullite, quartz, and alumina) and has a high electrical resistivity of the order of Ω.cm or even higher. In comparison, porcelain, which is made from aluminosilicate materials (clay, quartz, alumina and feldspar) too, and is used in the high-tension ceramic insulators, has an electrical resistivity of the order of 1013Ω.cm. This implies that FA can possibly be used as a raw material in high-tension insulators applications, although not much work has been done along this direction. On the other hand, based on the requirements, the electrical properties of FA can be significantly modified, for example, by blending it into composites of suitable material, such as a conducting polymer. FA showed dielectric constant of the order of 10 which can be best suitable material for capacitor fabrication and the samples of fly ash is of great scientific and technological interest. 8 Page
9 6. REFERENCES [1] Bernard M C, Joiret S, Hugot-Le Goff A, Viet Phong P, Protection of iron against corrosion using a polyaniline layer. I. Polyaniline electrodeposit, J Electrochem Soc, 148, (2001) [2] Leclerc M, Guay J, Dao LH, Synthesis and characterization of poly(alkylanilines), Macromolecules, 22 (1989) , [3] De Armitt C, Armes SP, Winter J, Urbe FA, Gottesfeld S, Mombourquette C, Anovel Nsubstituted polyaniline derivative, Polymer, 34 (1993) [4] A. G. MacDiarmid, R. I. Mammone, J. R. Krawczyk and S. J. Porter, Advanced Electronic and Photonic Materials and Devices, Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, Vol. 105 (1984) [5] Kiran Kumari1, Vazid Ali1, Gita Rani1, Sushil Kumar2, G. B. V. S. Lakshmi3, M. Zulfequar; Materials Sciences and Application, (2011) [6] Hua Shao. Kaiming Liang, Feng Zhou, Guoliang Wang, Fei Peng Journal of NonCrystalline Solids 337 (2004) [7] A.G. MacDiarmid, J.H. Chiang, M. Halpem, W.S. Hung, S.L. Mu, N.L.D. Somosiri, W. Wu and S.I. Yaniger., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst121(1985)173. [8] W.S. Huang, B.D. Humphery and A.G. MacDiarmid., J. Chem. Soc. Farady Trans. 182(1986) 2385 [9] [10] Y. Cao, P. Smith and A.J. Heeger., Synth. Met.48(1992)91 Y. Cao, A. Anadreatta, A.J. Heeger and P. Smith., Polymer, 30,(1989) 2305 [11] M. Umana and J. Waller., Anal. Chem., 58(1986) 2979 [12] P.N. Bartlett and R.G. Whitaker., J. Electroanal. Chem.224,(1987)27 [13] N.C. Foulds and C.R. Lowe., J. Chem. Soc. Farady Trans-1, 82(1986) 1259 [14] H. Schumann, H.T. Chiba and M. Aizawa., Sensors and Actuators, 13(1988) 79 [15] J.E. Frommer and R.R. Chance, Encyclopedia of Polymer Sciences and Engineering, edited by J.I. Kroschwitz; Wiley, New York (1986)462 [16] S.S. Roth., Material Science Forum, 21(1987)10 [17] N.S. Murthy, L.W. Shacklette and R.H. Baughmann, J. Chem. Phys, 87, (1987) 2346 [18] S C Raghavendra, Syed Khasim, M Revanasiddappa, M V N Ambika Prasad and A B Kulkarni. Bull. Mater sci., Vol. 26 No. 7 December Page
Preparation of conductive polyaniline solutions for electronic applications
Bull. Mater. Sci., Vol. 12, No. 2, July 1989, pp. 153-157. Printed in India. Preparation of conductive polyaniline solutions for electronic applications S K DAWAN and D C TRIVEDI Central Electrochemical
More informationConducting Polymer /TiO 2 Photocatalytic Nanocomposite for Wastewater Treatment
Conducting Polymer /TiO 2 Photocatalytic Nanocomposite for Wastewater Treatment Zlata Hrnjak Murgić, Vanja Gilja, Zvonimir Katančić, Ljerka Kratofil Krehula Wastewater treatment BIOLOGICAL methods PHYSICAL
More informationPolyaniline-SbO 2 Composites: Preparation, Characterization and a c conductivity Study
RESEARCH INVENTY: International Journal of Engineering and Science ISBN: 2319-6483, ISSN: 2278-4721, Vol. 1, Issue 11 (December 2012), PP 09-13 www.researchinventy.com Polyaniline-SbO 2 Composites: Preparation,
More informationTHERMAL ACTIVATION OF CONDUCTING POLYMER POLYPYRROLE/ZEOLITE. M.T.Z. Emma, Z.A. Talib, M.K. Halimah, H.A.A. Sidek
THERMAL ACTIVATION OF CONDUCTING POLYMER POLYPYRROLE/ZEOLITE M.T.Z. Emma, Z.A. Talib, M.K. Halimah, H.A.A. Sidek Department of Physics, Faculty of Science Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang,
More informationContents. Foreword by Darrell H. Reneker
Table of Foreword by Darrell H. Reneker Preface page xi xiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 How big is a nanometer? 1 1.2 What is nanotechnology? 1 1.3 Historical development of nanotechnology 2 1.4 Classification
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information. Facile synthesis of polypyrrole coated copper nanowire: new concept to engineered core-shell structures
Electronic Supplementary Information Facile synthesis of polypyrrole coated copper nanowire: new concept to engineered core-shell structures Yang Liu, a Zhen Liu, a Ning Lu, b Elisabeth Preiss, a Selcuk
More informationSandra Plaza García. Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV)
DOPING AND CONDUCTING POLYMERS Sandra Plaza García Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV) Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) OUTLINE
More informationPelagia Research Library
Available online at www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Der Chemica Sinica, 2012, 3(1): 204-209 Dielectric studies of Phenylenediamine doped with organic acids Snehal R. Kargirwar a, b, *Sanjay R. Thakare a,
More informationElectrochemical synthesis and characterization of chloride doped polyaniline
Bull. Mater. Sci., Vol. 26, No. 3, April 2003, pp. 329 334. Indian Academy of Sciences. Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of chloride doped polyaniline A M PHARHAD HUSSAIN and A KUMAR* Department
More informationSynthesis and Characterization of Innovative Multilayer, Multi Metal Oxide Thin Films by Modified Silar Deposition Method
STUDENT JOURNAL OF PHYSICS Indian Association of Physics Teachers Presentations Synthesis and Characterization of Innovative Multilayer, Multi Metal Oxide Thin Films by Modified Silar Deposition Method
More informationAdsorption of Methylene Blue on Mesoporous SBA 15 in Ethanol water Solution with Different Proportions
2015 2 nd International Conference on Material Engineering and Application (ICMEA 2015) ISBN: 978-1-60595-323-6 Adsorption of Methylene Blue on Mesoporous SBA 15 in Ethanol water Solution with Different
More informationChapter - 8. Summary and Conclusion
Chapter - 8 Summary and Conclusion The present research explains the synthesis process of two transition metal oxide semiconductors SnO 2 and V 2 O 5 thin films with different morphologies and studies
More informationSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYANILINE/POLY (P-HYDROXYANILINE)/Fe 3 O 4 MAGNETIC NANOCOMPOSITE
Journal of Non-Oxide Glasses Vol. 1, No. 3, September 2009, p. 211-215 SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYANILINE/POLY (P-HYDROXYANILINE)/Fe 3 O 4 MAGNETIC NANOCOMPOSITE M. R. SABOKTAKIN, A. M. MAHARRAMOV,
More informationStudies on Structural and Electrical conducting properties of Micro and Nano Copper Doped Polyaniline
Research Article Studies on Structural and Electrical conducting properties of Micro and Nano Copper Doped Polyaniline Abstract C. Shanmugapriya* 1 and G. Velraj 2 1 Department of Science (Physics), Sona
More informationPOLYMER LIGHT-EMITTING ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS (PLECs):
POLYMER LIGHT-EMITTING ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS (PLECs): Scanning Optical Beam Induced Current (OBIC) and Photoluminescence (PL) Imaging Faleh Altal Prof. Jun Gao The Laboratory of Organic Photonics and Iontronics
More informationSynthesis and characterization of polypyrrole polyvinyl alcohol composite film with various organic acids dopants and their gas sensing behavior
Indian Journal of Chemical Technology Vol. 18, November 2011, pp. 446-450 Synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole polyvinyl alcohol composite film with various organic acids dopants and their gas
More informationCHEMICAL POLYMERIZATION OF SUBSTITUTED DERIVATIVES OF ANILINE IN OXALIC ACID MEDIUM
Sci. Revs. Chem. Commun.: 2(3), 2012, 387-391 ISSN 2277-2669 CHEMICAL POLYMERIZATION OF SUBSTITUTED DERIVATIVES OF ANILINE IN OXALIC ACID MEDIUM M. G. WANKHEDE * Department of Physics, Government Polytechnic,
More informationALL-POLYMER FET BASED ON SIMPLE PHOTOLITHOGRAPHIC MICRO-PATTERNING OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTING POLYMER
Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., Vol. 405, pp. 171 178, 2003 Copyright # Taylor & Francis Inc. ISSN: 1542-1406 print/1563-5287 online DOI: 10.1080/15421400390263541 ALL-POLYMER FET BASED ON SIMPLE PHOTOLITHOGRAPHIC
More informationINNOVATIVE MATERIALS FOR RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY. Elena-Oana CROITORU 1
INNOVATIVE MATERIALS FOR RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY Elena-Oana CROITORU 1 ABSTRACT Research, development and implementation of products and innovative technologies that aim to reduce or eliminate the use and
More informationSupporting Information s for
Supporting Information s for # Self-assembling of DNA-templated Au Nanoparticles into Nanowires and their enhanced SERS and Catalytic Applications Subrata Kundu* and M. Jayachandran Electrochemical Materials
More informationUltrasmall Sn nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped porous carbon as high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries
Supporting Information Ultrasmall Sn nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped porous carbon as high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries Zhiqiang Zhu, Shiwen Wang, Jing Du, Qi Jin, Tianran Zhang,
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Electronic Supplementary Information MoS 2 nanosheet/mo 2 C-embedded N-doped
More informationPreparation of Nanocomposites Polypyrrole and Zinc Oxide Thin Film Characterization and its Application of Gas Sensor
NANO VISION, Vol.5(4-6), 89-94, April-June 2015 (An International Research Journal of Nano Science & Technology), www.nano-journal.org ISSN 2231-2579 (Print) ISSN 2319-7633 (Online) Preparation of Nanocomposites
More informationOPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SPECTROSCOPY OF NANOAAATERIALS. Jin Zhong Zhang. World Scientific TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK
OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SPECTROSCOPY OF NANOAAATERIALS Jin Zhong Zhang University of California, Santa Cruz, USA TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK Y World Scientific NEW JERSEY. t'on.don SINGAPORE «'BEIJING
More informationDr. Aoife Morrin. School of Chemical Sciences Dublin City University Ireland. The National Centre for Sensor Research
INVESTIGATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS FOR NOVEL BIOSENSOR FABRICATION METHODOLOGIES Dr. Aoife Morrin National Centre for Sensor Research School of Chemical Sciences Dublin City University Ireland Introduction
More informationdoi: /C0PY00279H
doi: 10.1039/C0PY00279H Uniaxially Ordered Conjugated Polymer Film Prepared by Electrochemical Polymerization in a Nematic Liquid Crystal with Rubbing Orientation Method Showing Redox-Driven Tunable Dichroism
More informationInvestigation of Polymers Used in Lithium. Oxygen Batteries as Electrolyte and. Cathode Materials
Investigation of Polymers Used in Lithium Oxygen Batteries as Electrolyte and Cathode Materials A thesis presented for the degree of Master by Research By Jinqiang Zhang, B. Sc. University of Technology,
More informationPreparation and Characterization of New Polymer Electrolyte for Fuel Cell and Its Application
International Journal of Engineering Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 6734, ISSN (Print): 2319 6726 www.ijesi.org PP. 67-71 Preparation and Characterization of New Polymer Electrolyte for Fuel Cell
More informationSupporting Information. High Wettable and Metallic NiFe-Phosphate/Phosphide Catalyst Synthesized by
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supporting Information High Wettable and Metallic NiFe-Phosphate/Phosphide
More informationChapter 3 Engineering Science for Microsystems Design and Fabrication
Lectures on MEMS and MICROSYSTEMS DESIGN and MANUFACTURE Chapter 3 Engineering Science for Microsystems Design and Fabrication In this Chapter, we will present overviews of the principles of physical and
More informationEffect of Electrolyte Concentration during Solution Plasma on Copper Nanoparticle Size
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering PAPER OPEN ACCESS Effect of Electrolyte Concentration during Solution Plasma on Copper Nanoparticle Size To cite this article: M H S Al Anbouri
More informationSupplementary Information. Seeding Approach to Noble Metal Decorated Conducting Polymer Nanofiber Network
Supplementary Information Seeding Approach to Noble Metal Decorated Conducting Polymer Nanofiber Network Zhen Liu, Selcuk Poyraz, Yang Liu, Xinyu Zhang* Department of Polymer and Fiber Engineering, Auburn
More informationSupporting information
Supporting information Manipulating the Concavity of Rhodium Nanocubes Enclosed with High-index Facets via Site-selective Etching Yumin Chen, Qing-Song Chen, Si-Yan Peng, Zhi-Qiao Wang, Gang Lu, and Guo-Cong
More informationA Robust and Highly Active Copper-Based Electrocatalyst. for Hydrogen Production at Low Overpotential in Neutral
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supporting information A Robust and Highly Active Copper-Based Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Production
More informationHigh-Performance Flexible Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on 3D. Electrodes
Supporting Information for: High-Performance Flexible Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on 3D Porous Graphene/MnO 2 Nanorod and Graphene/Ag Hybrid Thin-Film Electrodes Yuanlong Shao, a Hongzhi Wang,* a
More informationLarge-Scale Synthesis of Transition-metal Doped TiO 2 Nanowires. with Controllable Overpotential
Large-Scale Synthesis of Transition-metal Doped TiO 2 Nanowires with Controllable Overpotential Bin Liu 1, Hao Ming Chen, 1 Chong Liu 1,3, Sean C. Andrews 1,3, Chris Hahn 1, Peidong Yang 1,2,3,* 1 Department
More informationSupporting Information. Electropolymerization of aniline on nickel-based electrocatalysts substantially
Supporting Information Electropolymerization of aniline on nickel-based electrocatalysts substantially enhances their performance for hydrogen evolution Fuzhan Song, Wei Li, Guanqun Han, and Yujie Sun*
More informationAvailable online Research Article. Hamideh Saravani* and Mehdi Sanjarani V.
Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2016, 8(4):1408-1413 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Synthesis and characterization of Cu 2 BaO 4 nanoparticles
More informationLithium-ion Batteries Based on Vertically-Aligned Carbon Nanotubes and Ionic Liquid
Electronic Supplementary Information Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Vertically-Aligned Carbon Nanotubes and Ionic Liquid Electrolytes Wen Lu, * Adam Goering, Liangti Qu, and Liming Dai * 1. Synthesis of
More information4. In this electrochemical cell, the reduction half reaction is
Exam 3 CHEM 1100 Version #1 Student: 1. A monomer is a polymer made from only one component. a single polymer chain. a polymer molecule that only contains a single element. a small molecule used to make
More informationMODIFICATION OF PVC BY ADDITION OF (C + MnO 2 ) AND STUDY OF THEIR ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
Sci. Revs. Chem. Commun.: 2(3), 2012, 312-316 ISSN 2277-2669 MODIFICATION OF PVC BY ADDITION OF (C + MnO 2 ) AND STUDY OF THEIR ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES V. S. SANGAWAR * and D. N. BHAMKAR a Department of
More informationInternational Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 12, December ISSN
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 12, December-2015 87 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic Study of Electrodeposited Polyaniline Thin Films B. P. Relekar,
More informationControlling Interfacial Contact and Exposed Facets for. Enhancing Photocatalysis via 2D-2D Heterostructure
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic Supplementary Information Controlling Interfacial Contact and Exposed
More informationSolutions for Assignment-8
Solutions for Assignment-8 Q1. The process of adding impurities to a pure semiconductor is called: [1] (a) Mixing (b) Doping (c) Diffusing (d) None of the above In semiconductor production, doping intentionally
More informationReal-time and in-line Optical monitoring of Functional Nano-Layer Deposition on Flexible Polymeric Substrates
Real-time and in-line Optical monitoring of Functional Nano-Layer Deposition on Flexible Polymeric Substrates S. Logothetidis Lab for Thin Films, Nanosystems & Nanometrology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,
More informationElectronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011
Supplementary Information for Selective adsorption toward toxic metal ions results in selective response: electrochemical studies on polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite Experimental Section
More informationPOLYPYRROLE FILMS PREPARED BY CHEMICAL OXIDATION OF PYRROLE IN AQUEOUS FeCl 3 SOLUTION
Journal of Science and Arts Year 10, No. 1 (12), pp. 53-58, 2010 POLYPYRROLE FILMS PREPARED BY CHEMICAL OXIDATION OF PYRROLE IN AQUEOUS FeCl 3 SOLUTION DRAGOŞ-VIOREL BREZOI Valahia University of Targoviste,130024,
More informationThe Effect of Preparation conditions on the Growth Rate of Films, the Yield of Precipitated Powder and the DC Conductivity of Polypyrrole
Turk J Phys 29 (25), 363 37. c TÜBİTAK The Effect of Preparation conditions on the Growth Rate of Films, the Yield of Precipitated Powder and the DC Conductivity of Polypyrrole Samia Ahmed SAAFAN 1, Mohamed
More informationApplication Challenges for Nanostructured Porous Materials
Application Challenges for Nanostructured Porous Materials Dr Liz Rowsell Director, Johnson Matthey Technology Centre 1 Paradigm Shift in Automotive NOx Control Catalysts A paradigm shift describes a fundamental
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Facet-Selective Deposition of FeO x on α-moo 3 Nanobelts for Lithium Storage Yao Yao, 1 Nuo Xu, 2 Doudou Guan, 1 Jiantao Li, 1 Zechao Zhuang, 1 Liang Zhou,*,1 Changwei Shi 1, Xue
More informationThe Solubility is the Solution
The Solubility is the Solution The Company BellandTechnology AG is a polymer technology company, originally founded in Switzerland 1983. BellandTechnology developed a proprietary selectively soluble polymer
More informationBF 3 -doped polyaniline: A novel conducting polymer
PRAMANA c Indian Academy of Sciences Vol. 67, No. 1 journal of July 2006 physics pp. 135 139 BF 3 -doped polyaniline: A novel conducting polymer DEBANGSHU CHAUDHURI and D D SARMA Solid State and Structural
More informationAQA C1 Atomic Structure
AQA C1 Atomic Structure What s in an atom? Elements in the periodic have different sizes of atoms. The size of the atoms depends on the number of protons, electrons and neutrons they have. Each element
More informationPREPARATION OF SYNTHETIC ZEOLITES FROM COAL FLY ASH. Shamsul Kamal Sulaiman
Solid State Science and Technology, Vol. 16, No 1 (28) 17-113 ISSN 128-7389 PREPARATION OF SYNTHETIC ZEOLITES FROM COAL FLY ASH Shamsul Kamal Sulaiman Mineral Research Centre, Minerals and Geoscience Department,
More informationARC-ASSISTED CO-CONVERSION OF COAL-BASED CARBON AND ACETYLENE
ARC-ASSISTED CO-CONVERSION OF COAL-BASED CARBON AND ACETYLENE Jieshan Qiu*, Yongfeng Li, Yunpeng Wang Carbon Research Laboratory, Center for Nano Materials and Science, School of Chemical Engineering,
More informationNanotechnology Fabrication Methods.
Nanotechnology Fabrication Methods. 10 / 05 / 2016 1 Summary: 1.Introduction to Nanotechnology:...3 2.Nanotechnology Fabrication Methods:...5 2.1.Top-down Methods:...7 2.2.Bottom-up Methods:...16 3.Conclusions:...19
More informationInorganic Material chemistry
Inorganic Material chemistry Silicone -Inorganic Polymer Polymer poly + mer many units Basic unit is called repeat unit (monomer) A polymer is a large molecule (macro molecule) composed of repeating structural
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supporting Information Title: A sulfonated polyaniline with high density and high rate Na-storage
More informationInternational Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 3, March-2014 ISSN
156 Copper Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis Characterization Y.Suresh*1, S.Annapurna*2, G.Bhikshamaiah*3, A.K.Singh#4 Abstract Present work describes the synthesis nanoparticles using papaya extract as a
More informationPROGRESS IN INTERCALATION RESEARCH
PROGRESS IN INTERCALATION RESEARCH Edited by W. MÜLLER-WARMUTH Institute ofphysical Chemistry Westphalian Wilhelms University Münster, Germany and R. SCHÖLLHORN Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
More informationSemiconductor Polymer
Semiconductor Polymer Organic Semiconductor for Flexible Electronics Introduction: An organic semiconductor is an organic compound that possesses similar properties to inorganic semiconductors with hole
More informationSupplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications This journal is (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Supporting Information
Supporting Information A facile approach to the synthesis of highly electroactive Pt nanoparticles on graphene as anode catalyst for direct methanol fuel cells Yi-Ge Zhou, Jing-Jing Chen, Feng-bin Wang*,
More informationNovel electrode PtCr/PAA (polyamic acid) for efficient ethanol oxidation reaction
Novel electrode PtCr/PAA (polyamic acid) for efficient ethanol oxidation reaction Jing Zhang Supervisor : mowunmi Sadik Material Science and Engineering & Chemistry Department 11/08/2015 utline Introduction
More informationPhotocatalysis: semiconductor physics
Photocatalysis: semiconductor physics Carlos J. Tavares Center of Physics, University of Minho, Portugal ctavares@fisica.uminho.pt www.fisica.uminho.pt 1 Guimarães Where do I come from? 3 Guimarães 4 Introduction>>
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 214 Electronic Supplementary Information Ultrathin and High-Ordered CoO Nanosheet
More informationInfluence of temperature and voltage on electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide
Bull. Mater. Sci., Vol. 37, No. 3, May 2014, pp. 629 634. Indian Academy of Sciences. Influence of temperature and voltage on electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide XIUQIANG LI, DONG ZHANG*, PEIYING
More informationSchool of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanangno, Gwanakgu, Seoul , Korea ACS
School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanangno, Gwanakgu, Seoul 151-742, Korea ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 1746 1751 (DOI: 10.1021/am507314t)
More informationChapter 12 - Modern Materials
Chapter 12 - Modern Materials 12.1 Semiconductors Inorganic compounds that semiconduct tend to have chemical formulas related to Si and Ge valence electron count of four. Semiconductor conductivity can
More informationInternational Journal of Science, Environment and Technology, Vol. 6, No 2, 2017,
International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology, Vol. 6, No 2, 2017, 1476 1480 ISSN 2278-3687 (O) 2277-663X (P) MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF CDSE QUANTUM DOTS IN POLY (3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE)(P3HT) PREPARED
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information A Novel Potassium-Ion Hybrid Capacitor Based on an Anode of K 2 Ti 6 O 13 Micro-Scaffolds Shengyang Dong,, Zhifei Li, Zhenyu Xing, Xianyong Wu, Xiulei Ji*, and Xiaogang Zhang*, Jiangsu
More informationMetal nanoparticle-doped coloured films on glass and polycarbonate substrates
PRAMANA c Indian Academy of Sciences Vol. 65, No. 5 journal of November 2005 physics pp. 931 936 Metal nanoparticle-doped coloured films on glass and polycarbonate substrates S K MEDDA, M MITRA, S DE,
More informationInorganic compounds that semiconduct tend to have an average of 4 valence electrons, and their conductivity may be increased by doping.
Chapter 12 Modern Materials 12.1 Semiconductors Inorganic compounds that semiconduct tend to have an average of 4 valence electrons, and their conductivity may be increased by doping. Doping yields different
More informationStruectural, Thermal and Electrical properties of prepered polyaniline / Sliver Nanocomposites
International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 973562 Volume 12, Number 24 (217) pp. 14869873 Struectural, Thermal and Electrical properties of prepered polyaniline / Sliver Nanocomposites
More informationPart 8- Chemistry Paper 2 Using Resources Triple Science
Part 8- Chemistry Paper 2 Using Resources Triple Science How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge
More informationSynthesis and characterization of hybride polyaniline / polymethacrylic acid/ Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites
Synthesis and characterization of hybride polyaniline / polymethacrylic acid/ Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites Mohammad Reza Saboktakin*, Abel Maharramov, Mohammad Ali Ramazanov Department of Chemistry, Baku State
More informationSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TITANIUM METAL CARBON NANO TUBES
International Journal of Nanotechnology and Application (IJNA) ISSN(P): 2277-4777; ISSN(E): 2278-9391 Vol. 4, Issue 2, Apr 2014, 15-20 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TITANIUM METAL CARBON
More informationEnergetic Ionic Liquids
Energetic Ionic Liquids The AMPAC-GaTech Partnership fosters research aimed at opening and developing new avenues and compounds that fit the American Pacific Corporation (AMPAC) s potential market. Under
More informationNanoparticle-Doped Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomer Films
Nanoparticle-Doped Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomer Films DE VIG Jorge Pérez-Juste, Luis M. Liz-Marzán, Isabel Pastoriza-Santos Departamento de Química Física Universidade de Vigo utline DE VIG Some Properties
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Liquid Metal/Metal Oxide Frameworks with Incorporated Ga 2 O 3 for Photocatalysis Wei Zhang, * Boddu S. Naidu, Jian Zhen Ou, Anthony P. O Mullane, Benjamin J. Carey, Yichao Wang,
More informationSeminars in Nanosystems - I
Seminars in Nanosystems - I Winter Semester 2011/2012 Dr. Emanuela Margapoti Emanuela.Margapoti@wsi.tum.de Dr. Gregor Koblmüller Gregor.Koblmueller@wsi.tum.de Seminar Room at ZNN 1 floor Topics of the
More informationSupporting Information. Polyaniline-MnO 2 nanotubes hybrid nanocomposite as supercapacitor electrode material in acidic electrolyte
Supporting Information Polyaniline-MnO 2 nanotubes hybrid nanocomposite as supercapacitor electrode material in acidic electrolyte Jaidev, R Imran Jafri, Ashish Kumar Mishra, Sundara Ramaprabhu* Alternative
More informationThe Science and Engineering of Materials, 4 th ed Donald R. Askeland Pradeep P. Phulé. Chapter 2 Atomic Structure
The Science and Engineering of Materials, 4 th ed Donald R. Askeland Pradeep P. Phulé Chapter 2 Atomic Structure Objectives of Chapter 2 The goal of this chapter is to describe the underlying physical
More informationCarbon nanotubes and conducting polymer composites
University of Wollongong Thesis Collections University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Year 4 Carbon nanotubes and conducting polymer composites May Tahhan University of Wollongong
More informationThe Dielectric Properties of (PVA-PEG-PVP-MgO) and (PVA-PEG-PVP-CoO) Biomaterials
The Dielectric Properties of (PVA-PEG-PVP-MgO) and (PVA-PEG-PVP-CoO) Biomaterials Ibrahim R. Agool 1, Majeed Ali 2, Ahmed Hashim 3 1 Al- Mustansiriah University, College of Science, Department of Physics,
More informationTrapping Lithium into Hollow Silica Microspheres. with a Carbon Nanotube Core for Dendrite-Free
Supporting Information Trapping Lithium into Hollow Silica Microspheres with a Carbon Nanotube Core for Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Anodes Tong-Tong Zuo,, Ya-Xia Yin,, Shu-Hua Wang, Peng-Fei Wang,, Xinan
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry C. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supporting Information Bicolour electroluminescence of 2 (carbazol 9 yl)anthraquinone
More informationActivated Carbon/Polyaniline Electrode For Electrochemical Supercapacitor
CHAPTER SIX Activated Carbon/Polyaniline Electrode For Electrochemical Supercapacitor Outline Activated carbon/ Polyaniline (AC/PANI) composite prepared by in situ polymerization method. Deposition was
More informationSupporting Information for
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supporting Information for Controllable Growth of High-Quality Metal Oxide/Conducting
More informationRecent Developments in Magnetoelectrics Vaijayanti Palkar
Recent Developments in Magnetoelectrics Vaijayanti Palkar Department of Condensed Matter Physics & Materials Science Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400 005, India. Tata Institute of Fundamental
More informationEffect of deep UV laser treatment on electroless silver precipitation in supported poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene layers
JOURNAL OF OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol. 11, No. 10, October 2009, p. 1444-1447 Effect of deep UV laser treatment on electroless silver precipitation in supported poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene
More informationScience & Technologies SYNTHESIS AND SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF ZEOLITE A TYPE AND X TYPE
SYNTHESIS AND SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF ZEOLITE A TYPE AND X TYPE B. Bogdanov 1, D. Benev 2 and D.Georgiev 3 1 Department Technology of Water, Inorg. compounds and silicates, 2 Central Research Laboratory
More informationChapter 12. Modern Materials. Chapter 12 Problems 7/3/2012. Problems 1, 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, 23, 29, 3143, 53, 55
hemistry, The entral Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., and Bruce E. Bursten hapter 12 John D. Bookstaver St. harles ommunity ollege ottleville, MO hapter 12 Problems Problems
More informationPlasmonic Hot Hole Generation by Interband Transition in Gold-Polyaniline
Supplementary Information Plasmonic Hot Hole Generation by Interband Transition in Gold-Polyaniline Tapan Barman, Amreen A. Hussain, Bikash Sharma, Arup R. Pal* Plasma Nanotech Lab, Physical Sciences Division,
More informationMaterial History. Is American culture currently being defined
Introduction ti to Materials What Are Materials? Substances out of which all things are made Currently MatWeb Material Property Data website lists over 76,000 individually unique materials What materials
More informationSTRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SiO 2 COATED Fe 2 NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY CHEMICAL VAPOR CONDENSATION PROCESS
Rev.Adv.Mater.Sci. Structure and magnetic 4 (2003) properties 55-59 of coated 55 STRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF COATED NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY CHEMICAL VAPOR CONDENSATION PROCESS Ji-Hun Yu,
More informationConducting Polymer-Polyaniline
Conducting Polymer-Polyaniline Collect Multimeter w/ connecting wire 1 set DC power supply w/ connecting wire 1 set Connecting wire w/ two alligator clips 1 30 ml beaker 3 50 ml beaker 3 Timer (from TA)
More informationSupplementary Information for
Supplementary Information for Facile transformation of low cost thiourea into nitrogen-rich graphitic carbon nitride nanocatalyst with high visible light photocatalytic performance Fan Dong *a, Yanjuan
More informationStone Age (40,000 to 100,000 yrs ago): Stone tools, clay pots, skin
UTM UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA COURSE LEARNING OBJECTIVES Introduce the field of Materials Science and Engineering 1. INTRODUCTION & ATOMIC STRUCTURE Provide introduction to the classification of materials
More informationNanoscale Issues in Materials & Manufacturing
Nanoscale Issues in Materials & Manufacturing ENGR 213 Principles of Materials Engineering Module 2: Introduction to Nanoscale Issues Top-down and Bottom-up Approaches for Fabrication Winfried Teizer,
More information