RIPARIAN VEGETATION of the Iberian Peninsula. Composition and structure.
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1 RIPARIAN VEGETATION of the Iberian Peninsula. Composition and structure. Athens 2008: Restorations of Fluvial ecosystems I.García-Amorena & J.M. Rubiales 1
2 RIPARIAN VEGETATION Definition - parameters characterize riparian vegetation Zonation - parameters conditioning riparian distribution Principal river species River communities I.P.
3 DEFINITION Communities-develope due to the river presence Higher water table Higher environmental humity Lower maximum temperature Higher minimum temperature Soil dependency on fluvial regime
4 Rhododendrum ponticum subsp. baeticum FOTO LADERA HORNACHUELOS Sª Aljibe, Cádiz
5 FOTO LADERA CULCITA Culcita macrocarpa
6 Phillyrea angustifolia Guadalhorra river Córdoba
7 Southern side of Sª Gredos
8 ZONATION Longitudinal and lateral gradient River basin Water quality Fluvial regime, and Macroclimate
9 ZONATION-longitudinal position
10 ZONATION-lateral position Riverline+ riverplain
11
12 ZONATION-lateral position
13 River basin Water quality Fluvial regime Macroclimate
14 VEGETATION = f(environm.parammeters) I. River basin Lithology Geomorphology dynamics Edaphology Topography II. Fluvial regime Potential water erosion Water table variation Summer drought Over-flows III. Water quality ph, T, fine solids Salts & nutrients Suspension particles / drags IV. Macroclimate T, seasonality, humidity
15 PRINCIPAL RIVER SPECIES TREES SHRUBS LIANOIDS HELOPHYTE & AQUATIC ALLOCHTHONOUS
16 TREES Salicaceae Ulmaceae Betulaceae Oleaceae
17 Salicaceae Populus tremula Populus nigra Populus alba
18 Salicaceae: Salix Trees Shrubs Salix atrocinerea Salix caprea Salix triandra Salix salvifolia Salix elaeagnos Salix alba Salix purpurea Salix fragilis
19 Ulmaceae Celtis australis Ulmus minor
20 Betulaceae Alnus glutinosa Betula sp. Corylus avellana
21 Oleaceae Fraxinus angustifolia Fraxinus excelsior
22 SHRUBS Salicaceae Rosaceae Apocynaceae Euphorbiaceae Verbenaceae Tamaricaceae Ericaceae Elaeagnaceae
23 Rosaceae Rosa sp. Rubus sp.
24 Apocynaceae Nerium oleander
25 Euphorbiaceae Flueggea tinctoria
26 Verbenaceae Vitex agnus-castus
27 Tamaricaceae Tamarix sp.
28 Ericaceae Erica arborea
29 Elaeagnaceae Hippophae rhamniodes
30 LIANOIDS Liliaceae (Smilax, Asparagus) Ranunculaceae (Clematis) Rubiaceae (Rubia, Galium) Dioscoreaceae (Tamus) Vitaceae (Vitis) Caprifoliaceae (Lonicera) Araliaceae (Hedera) Convolvulaceae (Convolvulus, Calistegia) Asclepiadaceae (Cynanchum acutum) Aristolochiaceae (A.baetica)
31 LIANOIDS Araliaceae Rubiaceae Vitaceae Caprifoliaceae Hedera helix Rubia peregrina Vitis vinifera Lonicera periclymenum
32 LIANOIDS Ranunculaceae Liliaceae Dioscoriaceae Clematis vitalba Clematis cirrhosa Smilax aspera Tamus communis
33 HELOPHYTE / AQUATIC Aquatic Helophyte Cyperaceae (5) Gramineae Typhaceae (4) Juncaceae Nymphaea (3) Ranunculaceae Potamogeton (2) Chara (1, algae)
34 HELOPHYTE Iridaceae Cyperaceae Iris pseudoacorus Carex elatius Gramineae Phragmites australis Cyperus fuscus
35 HELOPHYTE Typhaceae Juncaceae Typha domingensis Juncus effusus Scirpus lacustris Scirpus holoschoenus
36 AQUATIC Polygonum amphybium Potamogeton
37 AQUATIC Ranunculus Ranunculus fluitans
38 AQUATIC Definition Zonation River sp.s Communities Lemna trisulca Nymphaceae Zostera noltii
39 ALLOCHTHONOUS Elaeagnaceae Platanaceae Simaroubaceae Elaeagnus angustifolia C-SW Asia Platanus Ailanthus altisssima China
40 ALLOCHTHONOUS Liliaceae Leguminosae Gramineae Arundo donax C-S Asia Eichornia crassipes (Water hyacinth) S America Robinia pseudoacacia SE USA Saccharum ravennae Hardy Pampa grass
41 LONGITUDINAL - ZONATION MEDITERRANEAN EUROSIBERIAN Salix, E.arborea, B.alba, Ilex aquifolium, P.tremula Betula, Corylus, P.tremula, S.caprea F.angustifolia, Populus, U.minor A. glutinosa (+) Flueggea Tamarix Nerium Vitex, Celtis Willows Willows MARSHES Alnus glutinosa F.excelsior Hippophae Myricaria P.alba, P.nigra S.salvifolia S.elaeagnos (-) P.tremula, Laurus, Betula pendula
42 Eurosiberian / Mediterranean
43 HIGH MOUNTAIN La Acebeda, Madrid Muniellos, Leon Navacerrada, Segovia Castellón
44 La Alpujarra, Granada HIGH MOUNTAIN Gredos, Ávila Gredos, Ávila
45 MEDITERRANEAN: Eurosiberian introgression Río lobos, Soria Río Duratón, Segovia
46 WILLOWS Sauceda negra (río Sorbe) Sauceda calcófila (río Esera) Sauceda salvifolia (río Gargaligas) Sauceda blanca (río Pas)
47 ALDERS Gévora river Nalón River (Cantabria)
48 (Río Frío, Segovia) ASHES F. angustifolia F. excelsior (Bonhabal, Portugal)
49 POPLARS Gévalo P.nigra (Tajo river) P.alba (Segura river)
50 U.minor, Madrid ELMS
51 OTHERS Nerium oleander Flueggea tinctoria Tamarix sp. Hyppophae rhamnoides
52 Phragmites australis Typha dominguensis Arundo donax
53
54 THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION Aquatic
Dominant vegetation. Deciduous species (Celtis australis and Ulmus minor) mixed with riparian species.
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