Photosynthesis: Life from Light and Air
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1 Photosynthsis: Lif from Light and Air SUN CO 2 12/7/ /7/ Enrgy nds of lif All lif nds a constant input of nrgy Htrotrophs (Animals) gt thir nrgy from ating othrs at food = othr organisms = organic molculs mak nrgy through rspiration Autotrophs (Plants) produc thir own nrgy (from slf ) convrt nrgy of light build organic molculs (CHO) from CO 2 mak nrgy & synthsiz sugars through photosynthsis consumrs producrs 12/7/ How ar thy connctd? Htrotrophs making nrgy & organic molculs from ingsting organic molculs glucos + oxygn carbon + watr + nrgy dioxid C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + oxidation = xrgonic Autotrophs making nrgy & organic molculs from light nrgy carbon + watr + nrgy glucos + oxygn dioxid Whr s th? 6CO + 2 6H 2 O + light C 6 H 12 O 6 6O nrgy /7/2016 rduction = ndrgonic 4 1
2 What dos it man to b a plant Nd to collct light nrgy transform it into chmical nrgy stor light nrgy in a stabl form to b movd around glucos th plant or stord nd to gt building block atoms from th nvironmnt C,H,O,N,P,K,S,Mg produc all organic molculs ndd for growth carbohydrats, protins, lipids, nuclic acids CO 2 N P K 12/7/ H 2 O Plant structur Obtaining raw matrials light lavs = solar collctors CO 2 stomats = gas xchang H 2 O uptak from roots nutrints N, P, K, S, Mg, F uptak from roots 12/7/ lavs Chloroplasts cross sction of laf absorb light & CO 2 CO 2 stomat s in plant cll transpiration 12/7/ gas xchang s contain chlorophyll mak nrgy & sugar 12/7/
3 Plant structur H+ H+ H+ Chloroplasts doubl mmbran stroma fluid-filld intrior sacs grana stacks outr mmbran stroma innr mmbran Thylakoid mmbran contains chlorophyll molculs granum lctron transport chain synthas gradint built up within sac 12/7/ Photosynthsis Light ractions light-dpndnt ractions nrgy convrsion ractions convrt solar nrgy to chmical nrgy & NADPH Calvin cycl light-indpndnt ractions sugar building ractions uss chmical nrgy ( & NADPH) to rduc CO 2 & synthsiz C 6 H 12 O 6 It s not th Dark Ractions! 12/7/ Light ractions Elctron Transport Chain lik in cllular rspiration protins in organll mmbran lctron accptors NADPH proton ( ) gradint across innr mmbran find th doubl mmbran! synthas nzym H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ 12/7/ ETC of Rspiration Mitochondria transfr chmical nrgy from food molculs into chmical nrgy of us lctron carrir NADH gnrats H 2 O 12/7/
4 Chloroplasts transform light nrgy into chmical nrgy of us lctron carrir NADPH Th that Light Rxns built photosynthsis rspiration light brakdown of C 6 H 12 O 6 gnrats O 2 12/7/ movs th lctrons runs th pump pumps th protons builds th gradint drivs th flow of protons through synthas ADP + P i bonds P i to ADP gnrats th that volution built 12/7/ Pigmnts of photosynthsis A Look at Light Th spctrum of color How dos this molcular structur fit its function? Chlorophylls & othr pigmnts mbddd in mmbran arrangd in a photosystm collction of molculs structur-function rlationship 12/7/ V I B G Y O R 12/7/
5 Light: absorption spctra Photosynthsis gts nrgy by absorbing wavlngths of light chlorophyll a absorbs bst in rd & blu wavlngths & last in grn accssory pigmnts with diffrnt structurs absorb light of diffrnt wavlngths chlorophyll b, carotnoids, xanthophylls Why ar plants grn? 12/7/ Photosystms of photosynthsis 2 photosystms in mmbran collctions of chlorophyll molculs act as light-gathring molculs chlorophyll a P 680 = absorbs 680nm wavlngth rd light Photosystm I chlorophyll b P 700 = absorbs 700nm wavlngth rd light raction cntr antnna 12/7/2016 pigmnts 18 chlorophyll a chlorophyll b Photosystm I 1 12/7/ /7/2016 chlorophyll a 20 5
6 2 1 Inhal, baby! 12/7/2016 chlorophyll a 21 O fill th vacancy O H Plants SPLIT watr! H - - H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H H +H 2 1 chlorophyll a 4 ADP + Pi 12/7/ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ to Calvin Cycl nrgy to build carbohydrats lctron carrir Photosystm I P700 chlorophyll b 12/7/2016 chlorophyll a 23 Photosystm I P700 chlorophyll b $$ in th bank 12/7/2016 chlorophyll a 24 rducing powr! 6
7 O H + H+ to Calvin Cycl split H 2 O 12/7/2016 Figur p ETC/Light Ractions of Photosynthsis ETC uss light nrgy to produc & NADPH go to Calvin cycl PS II absorbs light xcitd lctron passs from chlorophyll to primary lctron accptor nd to rplac lctron in chlorophyll nzym xtracts lctrons from H 2 O & supplis thm to chlorophyll splits H 2 O O combins with anothr O to form O 2 O 2 rlasd to atmosphr and w brath asir! 12/7/ Exprimntal vidnc Whr did th O 2 com from? radioactiv tracr = O 18 Exprimnt 1 6CO + 2 6H 2 O + light C 6 H 12 O 6 6O nrgy + 2 Exprimnt 2 6CO + 2 6H 2 O + light C 6 H 12 O 6 6O nrgy + 2 Noncyclic Photophosphorylation Light ractions lvat lctrons in 2 stps (PS II & PS I) PS II gnrats nrgy as PS I gnrats rducing powr as NADPH Provd 12/7/2016 O 2 cam from H 2 O not CO 2 = plants split H 2 O! 27 12/7/2016 Figur p
8 Cyclic photophosphorylation If PS I can t pass lctron to NADP it cycls back to PS II & maks mor, but no NADPH coordinats light ractions to Calvin cycl Calvin cycl uss mor than NADPH Photophosphorylation cyclic photophosphorylation NADP NONcyclic photophosphorylation C 12 NADPH 6 H 12 O 6 12/7/ Fig p /7/2016 Fig p Photosynthsis summary Whr did th nrgy com from? Whr did th lctrons com from? Whr did th H 2 O com from? Whr did th O 2 com from? Whr did th O 2 go? Whr did th com from? Whr did th com from? What will th b usd for? Whr did th NADPH com from? What will th NADPH b usd for? You can grow if you Ask Qustions! 12/7/2016 stay tund for th Calvin cycl 31 12/7/
9 Old Slids(storag) Stomats Stomat(s) Stomata(p) Guard Cll 12/7/ /7/
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