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2 31 Carrying capacity is the number of individuals that a certain area can support due to limited resources.

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4 33 Greenhouse effect Acid Rain THREAT CAUSE POSSIBLE RESULT Gases in the atmosphere trapping heat. The gases are methane, CO 2 and H 2 0 Pollution from burning fossil fuels. Increased temperature on Earth; melting of glaciers; increased ocean levels; death of organisms Death of producers in land and aquatic environments Ozone Depletion CFCs from aerosols Increased UV rays reaching the Earth s surface. Air Pollution Burning Illnesses Water Pollution Chemicals and human waste Death of organisms; poisoning of drinking water Soil depletion Erosion Stripping land of nutrients Habitat destruction Human activities Death of organisms

5 34 Non-renewable Resource Renewable Resource A resource that can only be used once. It cannot be remade at a rate that is useful for human life. The earth might make more, but it takes millions of years. Fossil fuels A resource that can be used over and over again and not be depleted. Wind Water Wood

6 35 A.) Phototropism = plants respond to light B.) Thigmotropism = plants respond to touch. C.) Gravitropism (aka: Geotropism) = plants respond to gravity. D.) Hydrotropism = plants roots search for water underground.

7 36 The only one you need to know is ethylene: It is a natural plant hormone that causes fruit to ripen. Grocery stores spray this on fruits and vegetables to make them ripen faster.

8 37 Only two you need to know: Xylem Tissue that moves water within a plant Phloem Tissue that moves sugars within a plant

9 38 A.) tearing meat B.) to hear threats from all around. C.) swimming D.) camouflage E.) breaking down the cell walls in the plant matter they eat. F.) to see predators from far off.

10 39 Refer to the BIOME note sheet you were given in class. It was a two sided sheet with all biomes listed and information about each.

11 Domain V Evolution EOCT Review pages 18-19

12 4.6 Billion years ago 1

13 2 The remains of ancient life.

14 Skip this question 3

15 4 Animals die; layers of silt deposit over them; the pressure from the silt helps to form fossils over time.

16 Evolution is the change in organisms over time. 5

17 6 Population genetics: The study of the genetic sequences in a population. Adaptations: Any characteristic that aids an organism in survival and/or reproduction. Speciation: the evolution of new species Fitness the likelihood that an organism will survive and reproduce in its environment. Phylogeny: The evolutionary history of a species.

18 7 A.) Lyell gave Darwin the evidence that natural processes that occurred in the past could still be occurring today. B.) Malthus made observations about how limited resources lead to struggles for survival. Darwin applied this to all organisms. C.) Wallace and Darwin were both studying evolution at the same time.

19 8 Lamarck believed that organisms could acquire characteristics during their lifetimes and pass those characteristics on to their offspring. He was wrong.

20 9 He was wrong. While organisms can aquire characteristics during their lifetimes through use and disuse, they cannot pass these characteristics on to their offspring.

21 10 Darwin stated that organisms born with characteristics that make them more likely to survive and reproduce (i.e., more fit) will survive and reproduce more than those who lack the characteristic. Future generations will look like the survivors.

22 11 He went all around the world. He saw varieties of different organisms in similar ecosystems. He collected specimen for analysis and comparision.

23 12 He noticed: 1.) Organisms produce more offspring than can possibly survive. 2.) Members of populations have natural differences in phenotypes. 3.) He hypothesized that organisms with adaptations that make them more likely to survive and reproduce in an environment will survive and pass those traits on to their offspring. 4.) He concluded that the future generations will be made of the offspring of the most fit organisms, and therefore exhibit those traits.

24 Geographic isolation. 13.)

25 14 A.) this is where related organisms develop different traits due to living in different ecosystems. Ex: Horses and Tapirs; elephants and manatees. B.) this is where two unrelated organisms develop similar adaptations due to living in a similar ecosystem. Ex: sharks and dolphins look similar. C.) This is when the evolution of one species drives the evolution of another species. Example: lions and zebras.

26 15 A.) This shows how ancient life looked and allows us to determine the age of organisms. B.) This shows relatedness among organisms due to similar body structures. C.) this shows how organisms have changed over time. D.) This allows scientists to compare living organisms to determine relatedness. E.) Organisms on the same continent tent to be more closely related to each other than to organisms on other continents.

27 16 It is a measure of how able an organism is at surviving and reproducing in its environment.

28 17 This allows them to blend in, hide and ambush prey.

29 18 Click this link:

30 19. 1.) Mutations 2.) Gene shuffling Principle of segregation Crossing over

31 Skip this question 20

32 21 Gradualism is slow, steady change over time. Punctuated equilibrium is long periods of stability with periodic episodes of speciation. See next slide

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