Imprinting and kin recognition

Transcription

1 Imprinting and kin recognition

2 Imprinting Konrad Lorenz

3 Filial imprinting Critical period Sensitive period Experimental approaches Hours after hatching precocial altricial

4 Filial imprinting Multiple cues strengthen imprinting response

5 Filial imprinting

6 Timing of critical period Locomotion-fear dichotomy Tolerance of novel objects Locomotor performance Hours after hatching

7 Sexual imprinting Process of learning characteristics of future mates ring dove Preferred humans Reared by hand Reared with conspecifics Preferred doves

8 Sexual imprinting Recognition of appropriate mates acquisition stage consolidation stage hatching time sexual maturity

9 Sexual imprinting Sexual imprinting as way to strike balance between species recognition and inbreeding Male Japanese quail raised with females preferred < < slightly similar over identical over dissimilar females.

10 Sexual imprinting as evolutionary force Mate assortatively when placed together Assortative mating due to sexual imprinting

11 Sexual imprinting as evolutionary force Pairs of benthic (top) and limnetic (bottom) of sticklebacks Divergent selection Parental care exclusively by male

12 Sexual imprinting as evolutionary force Heterospecific father Conspecific father Heterospecific odor No father Tested female mate preferences as adults

13 Sexual imprinting as evolutionary force Prefer conspecific male benthics limnetics Prefer heterospecific male

14 Sexual imprinting as evolutionary force benthics limnetics heterospecific conspecific biological Strength of imprinting correlated with father s parental care

15 Imprinting and conservation sandhill crane whooping crane

16 Imprinting and conservation Captive breeding, reintroduction of whooping cranes

17 Imprinting and conservation Used to teach migratory routes to juveniles

18 Imprinting and conservation Used to teach migratory routes to juveniles

19 Ecologically relevant stimuli Habitat imprinting anadromous salmon monarch butterfly Typically occurs in species with no overlap of generations

20 Salmon life cycle sockeye salmon

21 Habitat imprinting in salmon How do salmon find their way to natal stream? Is it important that they do?

22 Time looking Habitat imprinting How do they find them? Cuckoos must find mates raised by same host species common cuckoo Cuckoos raised in 6 habitat types Measured time spent looking at habitats Familiar Natal Others

23 Kin recognition

24 Modes of kin recognition Vocal recognition in terns Visual recognition in primates Olfactory recognition in ungulates

25 Kin recognition Production component Perception component Action component

26 Environmental labels Olfactory recognition in social insects hydrocarbon signature

27 Environmental labels Can be age, sex, caste, or species specific

28 Environmental labels Paper wasp Polistes fuscatus

29 Environmental labels N U U N1 N N1 U N2 N U N2 U Control Treatment Nestmates more tolerant of each other than non-nestmates Nestmates and non-nestmates similarly tolerant Production component not affected Learned perception of nest odor is affected

30 Environmental labels Home field advantage U N N U U N1 N1 N U N2 U N2

31 Environmental labels Cross-fostering studies: nonsibs raised together are less aggressive than sibs raised apart Belding s ground squirrel

32 Genetic labels but genetic relatedness does affect some interactions pairs reared apart Belding s ground squirrel Paul Sherman Jill Mateo Role of major histocompatibility complex?

33 Genetic labels Role of MHC in Arctic charr MHC class II B gene sequenced Individuals genotyped Preferences tested in fluviarium

34 Role of MHC in Arctic charr A1=water A2=water A1=S++ or S-- A2=water A1=S++ or S-- A2=S++ or S-- A1=S++ A2=S-- A1=S-- A2=N-- A1=S-- A2=N+-

35 Genetic labels Cross-fostering design Mother 1 Mother 2 Mother 3 Tested female responses to: Familiar nonkin Unfamiliar kin Unfamiliar nonkin vs. vs. vs.

36 Genetic labels Cross-fostering design Mother 1 Mother 2 Mother 3 Scent marking by females Nonsibs raised together Sibs raised apart Nonsibs raised apart How do we interpret these data?

37 Genetic labels Can we conclude that females cannot discriminate female odors? Nonsibs raised together Sibs raised apart Nonsibs raised apart

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39 Genetic labels Kin recognition in tadpole morphs of spadefoot toad

40 Proportion of time with siblings Proportion of prey that were siblings Genetic labels Omnivores Carnivores 24-hrs food deprivation 48-hrs food deprivation Carnivorous morphs minimize contact with siblings, but sometimes they can t help themselves

41 Genetic labels Can nepotistic species discriminate among degrees of relatedness? Habituation: Control Referent Dishabituation: Belding s ground squirrel Control?

42 Time spent investigating odor Genetic labels Belding s ground squirrel Ref trial 1 Ref trial 2 Ref trial 3 Mother Grandmother Half-aunt Non-kin What did authors conclude about S. lateralis and why is it important?