Lecture 8. Kepler's IInd: Angular Momentum
|
|
- Ruby Sherman
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lecture 8 Gravity and Orbits Angular Momentum Deducing the Law of Gravity Escape Orbits Orbits: common misconceptions Feb 3, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 8 1 Kepler's IInd: Angular Momentum Kepler's IInd: (motion sweeps out equal areas/time) According to Newton, this is due to the fact that the direction of the force of gravity is along the line between the objects ("down", not "across"). In such a case, mechanics says angular momentum is conserved (angular momentum = mass of orbiting body x distance from center x sideways speed). When orbiting bodies are closer, sideways motion becomes faster. (principle used in figure skating to create rapid spin by pulling in arms). URL for orbit applet: Feb 3, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 8 2
2 The Universal Force of Gravity Newton suspected that there was one simple force which explained falling objects on the Earth as well as the motions described by Kepler: On the Earth, the acceleration due to gravity does not depend on the mass of the falling body. This fact (unique to gravity) means that the force must be proportional to mass, to compensate for the extra force needed to accelerate more massive bodies. The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth is: 32 (ft/sec)/sec, towards center of Earth Feb 3, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 8 3 Moon's acceleration Orbiting bodies must be accelerated, too, since the direction of their velocity is constantly changing. Newton assumed that the Moon was also being accelerated by Earth's gravity. The Moon is 63 times farther than Earth's surface is from the center of the Earth. The acceleration is 3900x smaller than that at the Earth's surface, which is just 63 2! Feb 3, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 8 4
3 Gravity So, Newton suggests the following law works for everything: Gravity: Two bodies attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. For instance, Newton showed Kepler's Laws follow from his 3 Laws of Mechanics plus the force of gravity operating between sun and planets: F = G m sun m planet / r(sun,planet) 2. Feb 3, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 8 5 Extending Kepler Assuming this works between any two masses, can make predictions which extend Kepler F = G m 1 m 2 / r(1,2) 2 "G", "Gravitational Constant", is a constant which defines the strength of gravity anywhere in our Universe). Feb 3, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 8 6
4 Kepler's First and Escape Kepler's Ist: (orbits are ellipses, sun at one focus) According to Newton, possible orbits for this kind of gravity are "conic sections": circle/ellipse: planets around sun, satellites around planets. Closed orbits parabola: not closed. One of the two focuses is "at infinity". Visualize throwing rock horizontally: at circular orbit speed, get circle; faster, get ellipse; at 1.41 x circular speed (escape speed) rock leaves forever in parabolic orbit. eg: Orbits of "long-period" comets. hyperbola: not closed. Throw at speed > escape speed. eg: "Fly-by" orbits of space probes Next: Using this to weigh astronomical objects Feb 3, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 8 7 Odd notes on orbits Orbits do not work in an atmosphere because friction introduces sideways force. (Shuttle gets out of orbit by firing engine backwards along orbit to reduce its orbital angular momentum; then falls low enough that atmosphere drags it out of orbit). If there were no atmosphere, every thrown object would be in a Keplerian orbit (until it hits the ground). Feb 3, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 8 8
5 "weightlessness" and Astrogation "weightlessness": Objects in orbit are not really "weightless", they are "supportless": In orbit there is no force opposing gravity => constantly accelerating. Better to say orbiting objects are in "free-fall". within the shuttle, all objects are accelerated at same rate : simulates gravity-free environment. (can do in airplane, too) Astrogation with orbits: very counter-intuitive: To get to higher orbit, thrust to increase velocity in direction of orbit, not up. If you escape from orbit around Earth, you are still in orbit around sun. It is very difficult to visit the sun, since you must get rid of all your angular momentum Feb 3, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 8 9 The "Vomit Comet" Feb 3, 2006 Astro 100 Lecture 8 10
Astro Lecture 12. Energy and Gravity (Cont d) 13/02/09 Habbal Astro Lecture 12 1
Astro 110-01 Lecture 12 Energy and Gravity (Cont d) 13/02/09 Habbal Astro110-01 Lecture 12 1 Energy due to movement of Kinetic Energy: object E k = ½ m v 2 13/02/09 Habbal Astro110-01 Lecture 12 2 Gravitational
More information4.3 Conservation Laws in Astronomy
4.3 Conservation Laws in Astronomy Our goals for learning: Why do objects move at constant velocity if no force acts on them? What keeps a planet rotating and orbiting the Sun? Where do objects get their
More information4.1 Describing Motion. How do we describe motion? Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 4.1 Describing Motion Our goals for learning: How do we describe motion? How is mass different from weight? How do we describe
More informationProjectile Motion. Conceptual Physics 11 th Edition. Projectile Motion. Projectile Motion. Projectile Motion. This lecture will help you understand:
Conceptual Physics 11 th Edition Projectile motion is a combination of a horizontal component, and Chapter 10: PROJECTILE AND SATELLITE MOTION a vertical component. This lecture will help you understand:
More informationConceptual Physics 11 th Edition
Conceptual Physics 11 th Edition Chapter 10: PROJECTILE AND SATELLITE MOTION This lecture will help you understand: Projectile Motion Fast-Moving Projectiles Satellites Circular Satellite Orbits Elliptical
More informationHow do we describe motion?
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity How do we describe motion? Precise definitions to describe motion: Speed: Rate at which object moves $ speed = distance!#"units
More informationUnderstanding Motion, Energy & Gravity
Speed, Velocity & Acceleration Understanding Motion, Energy & Gravity Chapter 4 speed: distance traveled per unit time (e.g., m/s, mph, km/ hr) velocity: speed & direction acceleration: change in velocity
More information9/13/ Describing Motion: Examples from Everyday Life. Chapter 4: Making Sense of the Universe Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity
9/13/17 Lecture Outline 4.1 Describing Motion: Examples from Everyday Life Chapter 4: Making Sense of the Universe Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity Our goals for learning: How do we describe motion?
More informationUnderstanding Motion, Energy & Gravity
Speed, Velocity & Acceleration Understanding Motion, Energy & Gravity Chapter 4 speed: distance traveled per unit time (e.g., m/s, mph, km/ hr) velocity: speed & direction acceleration: change in velocity
More informationToday. Laws of Motion. Conservation Laws. Gravity. tides
Today Laws of Motion Conservation Laws Gravity tides Newton s Laws of Motion Our goals for learning: Newton s three laws of motion Universal Gravity How did Newton change our view of the universe? He realized
More informationHow do we describe motion?
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 4.1 Describing Motion: Examples from Everyday Life Our goals for learning: How do we describe motion? How is mass different
More informationChapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity. Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 1 4.1 Describing Motion: Examples from Everyday Life Our goals for learning: How do we describe motion? How is mass different
More informationThe Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity. Chapter 4 Lecture
Chapter 4 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding
More information4.1 Describing Motion
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 4.1 Describing Motion Our goals for learning: How do we describe motion? How is mass different from weight? How do we describe
More informationHow do we describe motion?
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity How do we describe motion? Precise definitions to describe motion: Speed: Rate at which object moves example: speed of
More informationLecture 15 - Orbit Problems
Lecture 15 - Orbit Problems A Puzzle... The ellipse shown below has one focus at the origin and its major axis lies along the x-axis. The ellipse has a semimajor axis of length a and a semi-minor axis
More informationConceptual Physical Science 6 th Edition
1 2 1 Conceptual Physical Science 6 th Edition Chapter 4: GRAVITY, PROJECTILES, AND SATELLITES Sections 4.1, 4.5-4.9 only 3 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. This lecture will help you understand: The Universal
More informationConceptual Physics Fundamentals
Conceptual Physics Fundamentals Chapter 6: GRAVITY, PROJECTILES, AND SATELLITES This lecture will help you understand: The Universal Law of Gravity The Universal Gravitational Constant, G Gravity and Distance:
More informationCircular Motion and Gravitation Notes 1 Centripetal Acceleration and Force
Circular Motion and Gravitation Notes 1 Centripetal Acceleration and Force This unit we will investigate the special case of kinematics and dynamics of objects in uniform circular motion. First let s consider
More informationHow do we describe motion?
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity If I have seen farther than others, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants. Sir Isaac Newton (1642 1727)
More informationAdios Cassini! Crashed into Saturn 9/15/17 after 20 years in space. https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/grand-finale/overview/
Adios Cassini! Crashed into Saturn 9/15/17 after 20 years in space https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/grand-finale/overview/ Laws of Motion Conservation Laws Gravity tides Today Why are astronauts weightless
More informationPlease turn on your clickers
Please turn on your clickers HW #1, due 1 week from today Quiz in class Wednesday Sections meet in Planetarium Honors meeting tonight in my office Sterling 5520 at 5:30-6pm Newton s First Law An object
More informationOutline for Today: Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation The Gravitational Field Orbital Motion Gravitational Potential Energy. Hello!
PHY131H1F - Class 13 Outline for Today: Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation The Gravitational Field Orbital Motion Gravitational Potential Energy Under the Flower of Kent apple tree in the Woolsthorpe
More informationChapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity How do we describe motion? Precise definitions to describe motion: Speed: Rate at which object moves speed = distance time
More informationGravitation & Kepler s Laws
Gravitation & Kepler s Laws What causes YOU to be pulled down to the surface of the earth? THE EARTH.or more specifically the EARTH S MASS. Anything that has MASS has a gravitational pull towards it. F
More informationGRAVITY IS AN ATTRACTIVE FORCE
WHAT IS GRAVITY? Gravity: force of attraction between objects due to their mass Gravity is a noncontact force that acts between two objects at any distance apart GRAVITY IS AN ATTRACTIVE FORCE Earth s
More informationCircular Motion and Gravitation Notes 1 Centripetal Acceleration and Force
Circular Motion and Gravitation Notes 1 Centripetal Acceleration and Force This unit we will investigate the special case of kinematics and dynamics of objects in uniform circular motion. First let s consider
More informationOutline for Today: Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation The Gravitational Field Orbital Motion Gravitational Potential Energy
PHY131H1F - Class 13 Outline for Today: Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation The Gravitational Field Orbital Motion Gravitational Potential Energy Under the Flower of Kent apple tree in the Woolsthorpe
More information2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 4.1 Describing Motion: Examples from Daily Life Some of the topics we will explore: How do we describe motion? (Speed,
More informationCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley.
Chapter 13. Newton s Theory of Gravity The beautiful rings of Saturn consist of countless centimeter-sized ice crystals, all orbiting the planet under the influence of gravity. Chapter Goal: To use Newton
More informationChapter 13: universal gravitation
Chapter 13: universal gravitation Newton s Law of Gravitation Weight Gravitational Potential Energy The Motion of Satellites Kepler s Laws and the Motion of Planets Spherical Mass Distributions Apparent
More informationA = 6561 times greater. B. 81 times greater. C. equally strong. D. 1/81 as great. E. (1/81) 2 = 1/6561 as great Pearson Education, Inc.
Q13.1 The mass of the Moon is 1/81 of the mass of the Earth. Compared to the gravitational force that the Earth exerts on the Moon, the gravitational force that the Moon exerts on the Earth is A. 81 2
More informationEvents. Notable. more gravity & orbits Tides. Homework Due Next time; Exam review (Sept. 26) Exam I on Sept. 28 (one week from today)
Today more gravity & orbits Tides Events Homework Due Next time; Exam review (Sept. 26) Exam I on Sept. 28 (one week from today) Notable Fall equinox (Sept. 22 - tomorrow at 4:02PM) Escape Velocity M r
More informationLecture 16. Gravitation
Lecture 16 Gravitation Today s Topics: The Gravitational Force Satellites in Circular Orbits Apparent Weightlessness lliptical Orbits and angular momentum Kepler s Laws of Orbital Motion Gravitational
More informationAgenda Announce: 4.1 Describing Motion. Tests. How do we describe motion?
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity Agenda Announce: Stony Brook talk this Friday on Precision Cosmology Project Part I due in one week before class: one paragraph
More informationBEFORE YOU READ. Forces and Motion Gravity and Motion STUDY TIP. After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions:
CHAPTER 2 1 SECTION Forces and Motion Gravity and Motion BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: How does gravity affect objects? How does air resistance
More informationChapter 12 Gravity. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 12 Gravity Units of Chapter 12 Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation Gravitational Attraction of Spherical Bodies Kepler s Laws of Orbital Motion Gravitational Potential Energy Energy Conservation
More informationChapter 13. Gravitation
Chapter 13 Gravitation e = c/a A note about eccentricity For a circle c = 0 à e = 0 a Orbit Examples Mercury has the highest eccentricity of any planet (a) e Mercury = 0.21 Halley s comet has an orbit
More informationMore examples: Summary of previous lecture
More examples: 3 N Individual Forces Net Force 5 N 37 o 4 N Summary of previous lecture 1 st Law A net non zero force is required to change the velocity of an object. nd Law What happens when there is
More informationChapter 13. Gravitation
Chapter 13 Gravitation 13.2 Newton s Law of Gravitation Here m 1 and m 2 are the masses of the particles, r is the distance between them, and G is the gravitational constant. G =6.67 x10 11 Nm 2 /kg 2
More informationLecture Outline. Chapter 13 Gravity Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 13-1
Lecture Outline Chapter 13 Gravity Slide 13-1 The plan Lab this week: exam problems will put problems on mastering for chapters without HW; will also go over exam 2 Final coverage: now posted; some sections/chapters
More informationChapter 9 Lecture. Pearson Physics. Gravity and Circular Motion. Prepared by Chris Chiaverina Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 9 Lecture Pearson Physics Gravity and Circular Motion Prepared by Chris Chiaverina Chapter Contents Newton's Law of Universal Gravity Applications of Gravity Circular Motion Planetary Motion and
More informationChapter 12 Gravity. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 12 Gravity Units of Chapter 12 Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation Gravitational Attraction of Spherical Bodies Kepler s Laws of Orbital Motion Gravitational Potential Energy Energy Conservation
More information14.1 Earth Satellites. The path of an Earth satellite follows the curvature of the Earth.
The path of an Earth satellite follows the curvature of the Earth. A stone thrown fast enough to go a horizontal distance of 8 kilometers during the time (1 second) it takes to fall 5 meters, will orbit
More informationGravity & The Distances to Stars. Lecture 8. Homework 2 open Exam on Tuesday in class bring ID and #2 pencil
1 Gravity & The Distances to Stars Lecture 8 Homework 2 open Exam on Tuesday in class bring ID and #2 pencil 2 Preparing for the Exam 1 Exams in this class are multiple choice, but the questions can be
More informationUniversal Gravitation
Universal Gravitation Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation Every particle in the Universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely
More informationBasic Physics Content
Basic Physics Content The purpose of these 38 questions is to let me know what your initial grasp is of the material that lies ahead. This is not graded, so don t stress out. Enjoy thinking about and answering
More informationNm kg. The magnitude of a gravitational field is known as the gravitational field strength, g. This is defined as the GM
Copyright FIST EDUCATION 011 0430 860 810 Nick Zhang Lecture 7 Gravity and satellites Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation Gravitation is a force of attraction that acts between any two masses. The gravitation
More informationChapter 13. Universal Gravitation
Chapter 13 Universal Gravitation Planetary Motion A large amount of data had been collected by 1687. There was no clear understanding of the forces related to these motions. Isaac Newton provided the answer.
More informationAP Physics 1 Chapter 7 Circular Motion and Gravitation
AP Physics 1 Chapter 7 Circular Motion and Gravitation Chapter 7: Circular Motion and Angular Measure Gravitation Angular Speed and Velocity Uniform Circular Motion and Centripetal Acceleration Angular
More informationPHYSICS. Chapter 13 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT Pearson Education, Inc.
PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E Chapter 13 Lecture RANDALL D. KNIGHT Chapter 13 Newton s Theory of Gravity IN THIS CHAPTER, you will learn to understand the motion of satellites
More informationThe force of gravity holds us on Earth and helps objects in space stay
96 R E A D I N G The force of gravity holds us on Earth and helps objects in space stay in orbit. The planets in the Solar System could not continue to orbit the Sun without the force of gravity. Astronauts
More informationCIRCULAR MOTION AND UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION
CIRCULAR MOTION AND UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION Uniform Circular Motion What holds an object in a circular path? A force. String Friction Gravity What happens when the force is diminished? Object flies off in
More informationChapter 3 - Gravity and Motion. Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Chapter 3 - Gravity and Motion Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. In 1687 Isaac Newton published the Principia in which he set out his concept
More informationChapter 9. Gravitation
Chapter 9 Gravitation 9.1 The Gravitational Force For two particles that have masses m 1 and m 2 and are separated by a distance r, the force has a magnitude given by the same magnitude of force acts on
More informationAnnouncements 15 Oct 2013
Announcements 15 Oct 2013 1. While you re waiting for class to start, see how many of these blanks you can fill out. Tangential Accel.: Direction: Causes speed to Causes angular speed to Therefore, causes:
More informationPHYSICS 231 INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS I
PHYSICS 231 INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS I Lecture 11 Last Lecture Angular velocity, acceleration " = #$ #t = $ f %$ i t f % t i! = " f # " i t!" #!x $ 0 # v 0 Rotational/ Linear analogy "s = r"# v t = r" $ f
More informationChapter 8. Dynamics II: Motion in a Plane
Chapter 8. Dynamics II: Motion in a Plane Chapter Goal: To learn how to solve problems about motion in a plane. Slide 8-2 Chapter 8 Preview Slide 8-3 Chapter 8 Preview Slide 8-4 Chapter 8 Preview Slide
More informationChapter 7. Preview. Objectives Tangential Speed Centripetal Acceleration Centripetal Force Describing a Rotating System. Section 1 Circular Motion
Section 1 Circular Motion Preview Objectives Tangential Speed Centripetal Acceleration Centripetal Force Describing a Rotating System Section 1 Circular Motion Objectives Solve problems involving centripetal
More informationIn this chapter, you will consider the force of gravity:
Gravity Chapter 5 Guidepost In this chapter, you will consider the force of gravity: What were Galileo s insights about motion and gravity? What were Newton s insights about motion and gravity? How does
More informationChapter 13 Gravity Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 13-1
Chapter 13 Gravity Slide 13-1 The plan Lab this week: there will be time for exam problems Final exam: sections posted today; some left out Final format: all multiple choice, almost all short problems,
More informationLecture 9 Chapter 13 Gravitation. Gravitation
Lecture 9 Chapter 13 Gravitation Gravitation UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION For any two masses in the universe: F = Gm 1m 2 r 2 G = a constant evaluated by Henry Cavendish +F -F m 1 m 2 r Two people pass in a hall.
More informationPHYS 106 Fall 2151 Homework 3 Due: Thursday, 8 Oct 2015
PHYS 106 Fall 2151 Homework 3 Due: Thursday, 8 Oct 2015 When you do a calculation, show all your steps. Do not just give an answer. You may work with others, but the work you submit should be your own.
More information7 Study Guide. Gravitation Vocabulary Review
Date Period Name CHAPTER 7 Study Guide Gravitation Vocabulary Review Write the term that correctly completes the statement. Use each term once. Kepler s second law Newton s law of universal gravitation
More informationChapter 5 Part 2. Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation, Satellites, and Weightlessness
Chapter 5 Part 2 Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation, Satellites, and Weightlessness Newton s ideas about gravity Newton knew that a force exerted on an object causes an acceleration. Most forces occurred
More informationLecture: October 1, 2010
Lecture: October 1, 2010 How long would it take to walk to Alpha Centauri? Announcements: Next Observatory Opportunity: Wednesday October 6 Phases of Matter the phases solid liquid gas plasma depend on
More informationPhysics 12. Unit 5 Circular Motion and Gravitation Part 2
Physics 12 Unit 5 Circular Motion and Gravitation Part 2 1. Newton s law of gravitation We have seen in Physics 11 that the force acting on an object due to gravity is given by a well known formula: F
More informationPHYS 101 Previous Exam Problems. Gravitation
PHYS 101 Previous Exam Problems CHAPTER 13 Gravitation Newton s law of gravitation Shell theorem Variation of g Potential energy & work Escape speed Conservation of energy Kepler s laws - planets Orbits
More informationRadial Acceleration. recall, the direction of the instantaneous velocity vector is tangential to the trajectory
Radial Acceleration recall, the direction of the instantaneous velocity vector is tangential to the trajectory 1 Radial Acceleration recall, the direction of the instantaneous velocity vector is tangential
More informationChapter 13 Gravity Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 13-1
Chapter 13 Gravity Slide 13-1 12.12 The system shown below consists of two balls A and B connected by a thin rod of negligible mass. Ball A has five times the inertia of ball B and the distance between
More informationLecture Fall 2005 Astronomy 110 1
Lecture 9 + 10 Fall 2005 Astronomy 110 1 Isaac Newton and the birth of Physics If I have seen farther than others, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants. Sir Isaac Newton (1642 1727) Nature
More informationStudy Guide Solutions
Study Guide Solutions Table of Contents Chapter 1 A Physics Toolkit... 3 Vocabulary Review... 3 Section 1.1: Mathematics and Physics... 3 Section 1.2: Measurement... 3 Section 1.3: Graphing Data... 4 Chapter
More informationGravitation. Makes the World Go Round
Gravitation Makes the World Go Round Gravitational Force The Force of gravity is an attractive force felt between all objects that have mass. G=6.67x10-11 N m 2 /kg 2 Example 1: What is the Force of Gravity
More informationMaking Sense of the Universe (Chapter 4) Why does the Earth go around the Sun? Part, but not all, of Chapter 4
Making Sense of the Universe (Chapter 4) Why does the Earth go around the Sun? Part, but not all, of Chapter 4 Based on part of Chapter 4 This material will be useful for understanding Chapters 8 and 11
More informationChapter 10. Projectile and Satellite Motion
Chapter 10 Projectile and Satellite Motion Which of these expresses a vector quantity? a. 10 kg b. 10 kg to the north c. 10 m/s d. 10 m/s to the north Which of these expresses a vector quantity? a. 10
More informationDescribing Motion. Newton Newton s Laws of Motion. Position Velocity. Acceleration. Key Concepts: Lecture 9
Key Concepts: Lecture 9 Newton Newton s Laws of Motion More on Kepler s Laws Describing Motion Position Velocity Rate of change of position (speed & direction) 80 km/hr Acceleration 40 km/hr Rate of change
More informationAP Physics Multiple Choice Practice Gravitation
AP Physics Multiple Choice Practice Gravitation 1. Each of five satellites makes a circular orbit about an object that is much more massive than any of the satellites. The mass and orbital radius of each
More informationGravitation and Newton s Synthesis
Lecture 10 Chapter 6 Physics I 0.4.014 Gravitation and Newton s Synthesis Course website: http://faculty.uml.edu/andriy_danylov/teaching/physicsi Lecture Capture: http://echo360.uml.edu/danylov013/physics1spring.html
More information6. Find the centripetal acceleration of the car in m/s 2 a b c d e. 32.0
PHYSICS 5 TEST 2 REVIEW 1. A car slows down as it travels from point A to B as it approaches an S curve shown to the right. It then travels at constant speed through the turn from point B to C. Select
More informationN t ew on L s aws Monday, February 2
Newton s Laws Monday, February Isaac Newton (1643-177): English Discovered: three laws of motion, one law of universal gravitation. Newton s great book: Newton s laws are universal in scope, and mathematical
More informationGravitation and Newton s Synthesis
Lecture 10 Chapter 6 Physics I 0.4.014 Gravitation and Newton s Synthesis Course website: http://faculty.uml.edu/andriy_danylov/teaching/physicsi Lecture Capture: http://echo360.uml.edu/danylov013/physics1spring.html
More informationAnnouncements. HW #2 is online now at MasteringAstronomy.com. Due next Mon at 11pm. For today: finish reading chapter 4.
Announcements HW #2 is online now at MasteringAstronomy.com. Due next Mon at 11pm. For today: finish reading chapter 4. Exam buy-back extra credit due here NOW! Not late extra-credit accepted. Public Service
More informationCopyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. GRAVITY. Chapter 12
GRAVITY Chapter 12 Units of Chapter 12 Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation Gravitational Attraction of Spherical Bodies Kepler s Laws of Orbital Motion Gravitational Potential Energy Energy Conservation
More informationNewton s Laws and the Nature of Matter
Newton s Laws and the Nature of Matter The Nature of Matter Democritus (c. 470-380 BCE) posited that matter was composed of atoms Atoms: particles that can not be further subdivided 4 kinds of atoms: earth,
More informationPhysics Mechanics Lecture 30 Gravitational Energy
Physics 170 - Mechanics Lecture 30 Gravitational Energy Gravitational Potential Energy Gravitational potential energy of an object of mass m a distance r from the Earth s center: Gravitational Potential
More information5. Universal Laws of Motion
5. Universal Laws of Motion If I have seen farther than others, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants. Sir Isaac Newton (164 177) Physicist Image courtesy of NASA/JPL Sir Isaac Newton (164-177)
More informationWelcome back to Physics 215
Welcome back to Physics 215 Today s agenda: More rolling without slipping Newtonian gravity Planetary orbits Gravitational Potential Energy Physics 215 Spring 2018 Lecture 13-1 1 Rolling without slipping
More informationChapter 13. Gravitation. PowerPoint Lectures for University Physics, 14th Edition Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman Lectures by Jason Harlow
Chapter 13 Gravitation PowerPoint Lectures for University Physics, 14th Edition Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman Lectures by Jason Harlow Next one week Today: Ch 13 Wed: Review of Ch 8-11, focusing
More informationClassical mechanics: conservation laws and gravity
Classical mechanics: conservation laws and gravity The homework that would ordinarily have been due today is now due Thursday at midnight. There will be a normal assignment due next Tuesday You should
More information1. Which of the following correctly lists our cosmic address from small to large?
1. Which of the following correctly lists our cosmic address from small to large? (a) Earth, solar system, Milky Way Galaxy, Local Group, Local Super Cluster, universe (b) Earth, solar system, Milky Way
More informationChapter 6 Study Questions Name: Class:
Chapter 6 Study Questions Name: Class: Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A feather and a rock dropped at the same time from
More informationSome Questions We ll Address Today
Some Questions We ll Address Today What makes a rocket go? How can a rocket work in outer space? How do things get into orbit? What s s special about geo-synchronous orbit? How does the force of gravity
More informationCopyright 2009, August E. Evrard.
Unless otherwise noted, the content of this course material is licensed under a Creative Commons BY 3.0 License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Copyright 2009, August E. Evrard. You assume
More informationGravitation Part III. Orbits
VLA/LWA Tour Saturday Sept 29 (avoid fall break) Depart 9am from PandA parking lot 10am: pickup burritos in Socorro 11am: Arrive at VLA gift shop 1pm: Lunch at VLA 3:30pm: Return to PandA parking lot Gravitation
More informationRotational Motion and the Law of Gravity 1
Rotational Motion and the Law of Gravity 1 Linear motion is described by position, velocity, and acceleration. Circular motion repeats itself in circles around the axis of rotation Ex. Planets in orbit,
More informationIsaac Newton and the Laws of Motion and Gravitation 1
Isaac Newton and the Laws of Motion and Gravitation 1 ASTR 101 10/16/2017 Newton s laws of motion Newton s law of universal gravitation Orbits, Newton s cannonball experiment Mass and weight Weightlessness
More informationThursday is last Planetarium observing. Nighttime observing starts next week.
Homework #2 is due at 11:50am this Friday! Thursday is last Planetarium observing. Solar Observing is happening now! Check out webpage to see if it is canceled due to weather. Nighttime observing starts
More informationAstro 210 Lecture 8 Feb 4, 2011
Astro 210 Lecture 8 Feb 4, 2011 Announcements HW2 due apologies for the erratum HW3 available, due next Friday HW1 Q8 bonus still available register your iclicker; link on course webpage Planetarium: shows
More informationCH 8. Universal Gravitation Planetary and Satellite Motion
CH 8 Universal Gravitation Planetary and Satellite Motion Sir Isaac Newton UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION Newton: Universal Gravitation Newton concluded that earthly objects and heavenly objects obey the same physical
More informationChapter 3 Celestial Sphere Movie
Chapter 3 Celestial Sphere Movie Gravity and Motion Projects I moved due-date for Part 1 to 10/21 I added a descriptive webpage about the projects. Preview Ch 1 Ch 2 Galileo Movie Essay 1: Backyard Astronomy
More information