IUPAC Nomenclature Chem12A, Organic Chemistry I
|
|
- Ashlee Cole
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 IUPAC Nomenclature ChemA, rganic Chemistry I IUPAC PEFIXES Prefix Substituent Group Number of Carbons meth- methyl eth- ethyl prop- propyl but- butyl pent- pentyl hex- hexyl hept- heptyl 7 oct- octyl 8 non- nonyl 9 dec- decyl 0 ISMES F SUBSTITUENT GUPS Name Formula Structure -n-propyl -- CH7 -isopropyl -- CH7 -n-butyl -- CH9 -isobutyl -- CH9 -sec-butyl -tert-butyl -- CH9 -- CH9
2 Primary, : attached to only one other carbon Secondary, : attached to two other carbons Tertiary, : attached to three other carbons F ALKANES:.) Find the longest chain of connected carbon atoms this is your base chain. The number of carbons in the chain determines the prefix for the name. prefix + ane (i.e., carbons but + ane, butane).) Number so that the lowest possible number is on the substituent encountered first. -methylbutane NT -methylbutane.) If both substituents can be equally low, give the lowest number to the substituent that comes first alphabetically ethyl--methylheptane NT -ethyl--methylheptane The prefixes sec- and tert- do not count for alphabetical order, but iso- does..) Name each substituent. The number of carbons included in the substituent (only carbons not a part of the base chain) determines the prefix for the name. # - prefix + yl,-dimethylpentane If substituents are repeated, include the number of each substituent s location and add a numerical prefix before its name. #,#-numerical prefix + prefix+yl
3 .) Add substituents before the base chain name in alphabetical order. Add hyphens between all but the last substituent and no spaces. #-substituent + base chain #-substituent-#-substituent + base chain F CYCLALKANES:.) The ring will always be your base chain of carbons. The number of carbons in the ring determines the prefix for the name. Indicate the cyclic structure by adding a cyclo- prefix before the carbon prefix and the single bonds by adding a -ane suffix after the carbon prefix. cyclo+prefix+ane (i.e., carbons in a ring cyclo+pent+ane, cyclopentane).) Number so that the starts on the substituent encountered first. -methylcyclopropane (methylcyclopropane) NT -methylcyclopropane.) For two or more substituents, number so that the smallest possible range can be given.,-dimethylcyclopentane NT,-dimethylcyclopentane.) Priority for numbering substituents follows the same rules as alkanes..) Naming for substituents follows the same rules as alkanes..) Naming the overall compound follows the same basic rules as alkanes, but must include cis-trans isomerization if it is present. If there is only one substituent in the position, the number can be dropped. #-substituent + base chain #-substituent-#-substituent + base chain For two substitutients, cis-trans isomerization may present. Prefixes of cis- (for both substituents pointing up or both pointing down) or trans- (for one substituent pointing up and the other pointing down) must be used.
4 cis trans cis-,-dimethylcyclopentane trans-,-dimethylcyclopentane cis/trans-#-substituent-#-substituent + base chain F ALKENES:.) Find the longest chain of connected carbon atoms that contains all carbons that form the double bonds this is your base chain..) Indicate the number of double bonds present by adding a numerical prefix before the ene suffix; retain the ending vowel on the carbon prefix if a numerical prefix is used. prefix+numerical prefix+ene (i.e., carbons + double bonds buta+di+ene, butadiene).) Number so that the lowest possible number is on the first encountered double bond. -methyl--butene NT -methyl--butene.) Indicate the position of the double bond with its position before the base chain name. If there is only one double bond present in the position, it can be dropped. #-prefix+numerical prefix+ene (i.e., carbons + double bond on the position -butene or butene).) If two double bonds can be equally low, number the substituent the lowest possible. -ethyl-,-butadiene NT -ethyl-,-butadiene.) Priority for numbering substituents follows the same rules as alkanes.
5 -ethyl--methyl-,-pentadiene NT -ethyl--methyl-,-pentadiene 7.) Naming substituents follows the same rules as alkanes. 8.) Naming the overall compound follows the same basic rules as alkanes, but must include cis-trans E/Z isomerization if it is present. If both carbons in the C=C have one H attached, use cis- (both H s pointing up or both down) or trans- (one H pointing up and one down) prefixes. cis/trans-#-substituent-#-substituent-#-base chain+ene cis trans cis--butene trans--butene If each C in the C=C is attached to two different substituents, use E (one higher priority is pointing up and the other down) or Z (both higher priority are pointing up or both down) Z-isomer (Z)-,-dimethyl-,-hexene E-isomer (E)-,-dimethyl-,-hexene F ALKYNES:.) Follow the same rules for nomenclature as alkenes, but include a -yne suffix. #-substituent-#-base chain+yne #-substituent-#-substituent-#-base chain+yne F CYCLALKENES:.) Follow the same rules for nomenclature as cycloalkanes, but different numbering..) Number so that the lowest numbers are on the carbons involved in the double bonds.
6 -methylcyclohexene NT -methyl--cyclohexene..) rder the numbers so that the double bonds extend for the smallest possible range.,-cyclohexadiene NT,-cyclohexadiene.) If all carbons in the double bonds can be equally low, give the lowest possible number to the substituent encountered first. -methylcyclopentene NT -methylcyclopentene.) Priority and naming for substituents follows the same rules as alkanes..) Naming overall compounds follows the same rules as alkenes, but a cyclo- is added. #-substituent-cyclo+base chain+ene #-substituent-#-substituent-+cyclo+base chain+ene F BENZENE AS A SUBSTITUENT:.) Name any benzene substituent on any larger chain (CH- group) as phenyl-. F BENZENE DEIVATIVES:.) Find the aromatic benzene ring this is your base chain..) For monosubstituted benzene derivatives, the position is given to the substituent, but can be dropped from the name.
7 Br -bromo-benzene or bromobenzene.) Four special monosubstituted benzene derivatives always take priority. They are always numbered as the position and retain their common names, which replace benzene in the base chain name. NH H H toluene aniline phenol benzoic acid.) For disubstituted or trisubstituted benzene derivatives, number in such a way to assign the lowest possible range for the two substituents. Br Br Br Br Br,-dibromobenzene NT,-dibromobenzene -bromotoluene For disubstitued benzene derivatives, prefixes can stand in for numbering. For,-, the prefix ortho- or o- can be substituted. For,-, the prefix meta- or m- can be substituted. For,- the prefix para- or p- can be substituted. ortho- (o-) meta- (m-) para- (p-) ortho-dimethylbenzene meta-dimethylbenzene para-dimethylbenzene o-dimethylbenzene m-dimethylbenzene p-dimethylbenzene,-dimethylbenzene,-dimethylbenzene,-dimethylbenzene
8 .) Naming the overall compound follows the same basic rules as alkanes. If there is no special substituent, then name substituents in alphabetical order. If there is a special substituent, name the non-special substituents first in alphabetic order, then replace benzene with the name of the special substituent. #-substituent- special name #-substituent-#-substituent- special name F FUNCTINAL GUPS: Functional Group Formula Suffix carboxylic acid H -oic acid acid anhydride ester acid chloride amide Cl N -oic anhydride -oate -oyl chloride -amide nitrile N -nitrile aldehyde ketone H -al (common: aldehyde) -one alcohol H -ol thiol SH -thiol
9 amine N alkene -amine -ene alkyne -yne ether -oxy- (common: ether) alkyl halide X F = fluoro-, Cl = chloro, Br = bromo, I = iodo F FUNCTINAL GUPS:.) Find the longest chain of connected carbon atoms that contains all carbons/atoms directly bonded to/starting the functional group highest in priority. H H -propyl-,-ethanediol The base chain must contain all carbons that directly bonded to any alcoholic group. Indicate the number of alcoholic groups present by adding a numerical prefix before the ol suffix; retain the ending vowel on the first prefix if a numerical prefix is used. prefix+numerical prefix+ol.) Number so that the lowest possible number is on the first encountered functional group. H H -propanol or propanol NT -propanol.) Indicate the position of the alcohol with its number before the base chain name.
10 If there is only one alcohol present and it resides in the position, the number can be dropped from the name and understood. #-prefix+numerical prefix+ol.) If two functional groups can be equally low, give the lowest number possible to the substituent encountered first. H H H H -ethyl-,-butanediol NT -ethyl-,-butanediol.) Naming the overall compound follows the same rules as alkanes. #-substituent-#-base chain (i.e., -ethylbutanol) #-substituent-#-substituent-#-base chain (i.e., -ethyl-,-dimethyl--pentanol)
Unit 5: Organic Chemistry
Unit 5: Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry: discipline in chemistry focussing strictly on the study of hydrocarbons compounds made up of carbon & hydrogen Organic compounds can contain other elements
More informationFAMILIES of ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
1 SCH4U October 2016 Organic Chemistry Chemistry of compounds that contain carbon (except: CO, CO 2, HCN, CO 3 - ) Carbon is covalently bonded to another carbon, hydrogen and possibly to oxygen, a halogen
More informationFunctional Groups. Functional groups: special groups of atoms attached to a hydrocarbon skeleton; the most common sites of chemical reactivity.
Functional Groups Functional groups: special groups of atoms attached to a hydrocarbon skeleton; the most common sites of chemical reactivity. Organic halides: a hydrogen is replaced by a halogen fluoro-,
More informationAlkanes 3/27/17. Hydrocarbons: Compounds made of hydrogen and carbon only. Aliphatic (means fat ) - Open chain Aromatic - ring. Alkane Alkene Alkyne
Alkanes EQ 1. How will I define Hydrocarbons? 2. Compare and contrast the 3 types of hydrocarbons (Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes). Hydrocarbons: Compounds made of hydrogen and carbon only. Aliphatic (means
More informationIsomerism CH 4 C 2 H 6 C 3 H 8 C 4 H 10 C 5 H 12. Constitutional isomers...
Isomerism 4 2 6 3 8 4 10 5 12 onstitutional isomers... 3 8 Positional isomers... Functional isomers... ow many constitutional isomers are there for the formula 4 8? arbon atoms are often classified as
More informationOrganic Chemistry. Nomenclature: Alkanes
Organic Chemistry Nomenclature: Alkanes Alkanes Hydrocarbon chains where all the bonds between carbons are SINGLE bonds Name uses the ending ane Examples: Methane, Propane, Butane, Octane, 2-methylpentane
More information12.01 Organic Chemistry
12.01 rganic hemistry hemistry of arbon An Introduction to nomenclatures, structures and reactions Dr. Fred mega Garces hemistry 100 Miramar ollege 1 rganic hemistry What is rganic hemistry? rganic hemistry:
More informationFamiliarize yourself with the principal functional groups of organic chemistry
Chemistry 261 Laboratory Experiment 1: Model Building Reading from Zubrick, 10 th Edition (for Live Labs Beginning Next Week) Safety, pages 1-10 Keeping a Notebook, pages 11-24 Mining Your Own Data, pages
More informationNomenclature SORACHAI SAELIM SORACHAI SAE-LIM
1 Nomenclature SORAAI SAELIM SORAAI SAE-LIM 2 Nomenclature of Alkanes 1. Common name 2. IUPAC name (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) Shapes of Alkanes 3 Number of Carbon atoms Meth C=1
More informationOrganic Chemistry. FAMILIES of ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
1 SCH4U September 2017 Organic Chemistry Is the chemistry of compounds that contain carbon (except: CO, CO 2, HCN, CO 3 2- ) Carbon is covalently bonded to another carbon, hydrogen and possibly to oxygen,
More informationAlkanes, Alkenes and Alkynes
Alkanes, Alkenes and Alkynes Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons generally fall into 2 general groupings, aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. Aliphatic hydrocarbons contain chains and rings of hydrocarbons,
More informationSummary Chapter 13-14
Summary Chapter 1-1 Nomenclature 1 prefix + + prefix,- dimethyl 1,5- First give locajon and type of subsjtuents Second give locajon of double bond How many carbons in longest chain? How many of the funcjonal
More informationGetting Started. IUPAC Nomenclature. Basic Part - Suffixes. The Three Basic Parts. Parent and suffix. Basic Part the Parent 2/12/14 CH 4
Getting Started IUPAC Nomenclature Naming Molecules by Following the Rules You first have to identify the family that your molecule belongs to So, check for functional groups If there are none, then your
More informationHydrocarbons and their Functional Groups
Hydrocarbons and their Functional Groups Organic chemistry is the study of compounds in which carbon is the principal element. carbon atoms form four bonds long chains, rings, spheres, sheets, and tubes
More informationThe International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry has developed a system of rules for naming organic molecules.
HYDRCARBNS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES The field of organic chemistry includes the study of hydrocarbons (compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms covalently bonded together) and their derivatives (variations
More informationOrganic Chemistry. A. Introduction
Organic Chemistry A. Introduction 1. Organic chemistry is defined as the chemistry of CARBON compounds. There are a huge number of organic compounds. This results from the fact that carbon forms chains
More informationCH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH
03SEP 18:00 19:00 ORGANIC MOLECULES STUDY NOTES ORGANIC MOLECULES Important features of Carbon Carbon has a valency of 4 (can form 4 bonds), and has 4 valence electrons (outermost energy level). Carbon
More informationNomenclature of Organic Compounds Identification of Functional Groups
Hydrocarbons Nomenclature of Organic ompounds Identification of Functional Groups Alkanes - also known as saturated hydrocarbons or the paraffin series because all bond sites between carbon atoms and between
More informationOrganic Chemistry Unit Review Package
Name: Worksheet 7.viii Organic Chemistry Unit Review Package Generalized Organic Chemistry Naming Procedure Grouped into three general phases. 1. Identification phase (finding all important/correct information)
More informationBasic Organic Chemistry Nomenclature CHEM 104 B
Basic Organic Chemistry Nomenclature CHEM 104 B I have gone ahead and compiled all of the basic naming rules that we will be dealing with into one worksheet. I hope this will be helpful to you as you work
More informationBRCC CHM 102 Class Notes Chapter 11 Page 1 of 9
BRCC CHM 102 Class Notes Chapter 11 Page 1 of 9 Chapter 11 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes hydrocarbons compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen * 4 families: 1) alkanes only single bonds (includes cycloalkanes)
More informationShort Summary of IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds
Short Summary of IUPA Nomenclature of rganic ompounds Introduction The purpose of the IUPA system of nomenclature is to establish an international standard of naming compounds to facilitate communication.
More informationChemistry 131 Lectures 3: The Shapes of Organic Molecules, Naming Alkanes Sections in McMurry, Ballantie, et. al.
Chemistry 131 Lectures 3: The Shapes of Organic Molecules, Naming Alkanes Sections 12.5 12.6 in McMurry, Ballantie, et. al. 7 th edition HW #1: 12.30, 12.32, 12.34, 12.44, 12.48, 12.52, 12.64, 12.66, 12.68,
More informationNaming for Chem 201 CH 4
Naming for Chem 201 Functional groups are referred to as such because they function or react differently and give the molecule different properties. Here s a list of the groups you need to be able to name
More informationRules for Naming Organic Molecules. Nomenclature II
Rules for Naming Organic Molecules Nomenclature II 1 Why? The carbon atom is unique in its bonding in that it can form stable molecules consisting of chains of carbon atoms of any length Coupled with the
More informationQuickTime and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Organic Chemistry. QuickTime and a are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Organic Chemistry QuickTime and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Organic Chemistry Has
More informationAlkenes. Alkenes are unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Alkenes Alkenes Each member contains one double covalent bond between two C atoms. Draw condensed structural formulas of first three members of alkenes family. Alkenes are unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons.
More informationNaming Organic Compounds: Alkanes
Naming Organic Compounds: Alkanes Chemical nomenclature assigns compounds a unique name that allows them to be easily identified and structurally understood. The International Union of Pure and Applied
More information3.1 Introduction to Organic Chemistry
3.1 Introduction to Organic hemistry Organic hemistry is the study of carbon chemistry as carbon has the ability to join together in chains, rings, balls etc. arbon also joins with other elements easily
More informationHYDROCARBONS ALKANES
SCH4U1 OC01 HYDROCARBONS Name: Date: Certain organic compounds contain only two elements - hydrogen and carbon. These are known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are divided into two main classes - aliphatics
More informationChapter 3. Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Their Stereochemistry
Chapter 3. Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Their Stereochemistry Functional Group: Be able to identify and name any of the functional groups listed on Table 3.1, pages 76-77. Summary of important functional
More information4.1.1 Organic: Basic Concepts
.. rganic: Basic oncepts ydrocarbon is a compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon only Basic definitions to know Saturated: ontain single carbon-carbon bonds only Unsaturated : ontains a = double bond
More informationUnit 9. Organic compounds
Unit 9. Organic compounds Index 1.- How to Name Organic Compounds...2 2.- Types of Compounds...3 Exercises...6 Practice exam...9 Page 1 of 11 The IUPAC Naming (nomenclature) System 1.- How to Name Organic
More informationDAMIETTA UNIVERSITY CHEM-103: BASIC ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LECTURE
DAMIETTA UNIVERSITY CHEM-103: BASIC ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LECTURE 2 Dr Ali El-Agamey Common Alkyl Groups 2 Write the IUPAC names of the following compounds 3-Ethyl-5-methylheptane 3-Ethyl-4-methylhexane When
More informationHONORS: Naming Organic Compounds
HONORS: Naming Organic Compounds Organic chemistry centers around the element carbon. Hydrocarbons (compounds made of the elements hydrogen and carbon are the basic building foundation of organic chemistry.
More informationChapter 2: An Introduction to Organic Compounds
Chapter : An Introduction to Organic Compounds I. FUNCTIONAL GROUPS: Functional groups with similar structure/reactivity may be "grouped" together. A. Functional Groups With Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds.
More information2 ethane CH 3 CH 3. 3 propane CH 3 CH 2 CH 3
#100 Notes Unit 12: Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry Ch. Organic/ Biochemistry I. Alkanes, C n H 2n+2 (saturated hydrocarbons: no C=C or C C) *always 4 bonds on carbon # Carbons parent chain name
More informationUNIT (7) ORGANIC COMPOUNDS: HYDROCARBONS
UNIT (7) RGANI MPUNDS: YDRARBNS rganic chemistry is the study carbon containing compounds. 7.1 Bonding in rganic ompounds rganic compounds are made up of only a few elements and the bonding is almost entirely
More informationBASIC NOMENCLATURE. The names of the groups you must be able to recognize and draw are:
A STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO: BASIC NOMENCLATURE 1. Give examples of, and recognize when given the structure, representatives of the following classes of compounds. Alkyl halides (1, 2, 3 ) Alcohols (1,
More information4.1.1 Organic: Basic Concepts
.. rganic: Basic oncepts ydrocarbon is a compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon only Basic definitions to know Saturated: ontain single carbon-carbon bonds only Unsaturated : ontains a = double bond
More information8.01 Organic Chemistry
8.01 rganic hemistry hemistry of arbon An Introduction to nomenclatures, structures and reactions Dr. Fred mega Garces hemistry 111 Miramar ollege 1 rganic hemistry What is rganic hemistry? rganic hemistry:
More informationChapter 22. Organic and Biological Molecules
Chapter 22 Organic and Biological Molecules The Bonding of Carbon Organic chemistry is the chemistry of compounds containing carbon. Because carbon can form single, double, and triple bonds, the following
More information1.8. Organic Chemistry. Practice Exam Organic Chem. System LENGTH: VOLUME MASS Temperature. 1 gal = 4 qt. 1 lb = 16 oz.
rganic hemistry Practice Exam rganic hem Name (last) (First) Read all questions before you start. Show all work and explain your answers to receive full credit. Report all numerical answers to the proper
More informationOrganic Chemistry. February 18, 2014
Organic Chemistry February 18, 2014 What does organic mean? Organic Describes products Grown through natural biological process Without synthetic materials In the 18 th century Produced by a living system
More informationLab Workshop 1: Nomenclature of alkane and cycloalkanes
Lab Workshop 1: Nomenclature of alkane and cycloalkanes Each student work group choose a Leader (reads activity out loud, poses questions to group), Facilitator (makes sure everyone is participating equally,
More informationChemistry 11 Hydrocarbon Alkane Notes. In this unit, we will be primarily focusing on the chemistry of carbon compounds, also known as.
1 Chemistry 11 Hydrocarbon Alkane Notes In this unit, we will be primarily focusing on the chemistry of carbon compounds, also known as. Why is organic chemistry so important? Many of the compounds that
More informationAlkanes and Cycloalkanes
Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Families of Organic Compounds Organic compounds can be grouped into families by their common structural features We shall survey the nature of the compounds in a tour of the families
More informationElectronegativity Scale F > O > Cl, N > Br > C, H
Organic Chem Chapter 12 Alkanes Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds. Carbon has several properties that are worth discussing: Tetravalent Always forms 4 bonds Can form multiple bonds (double
More informationORGANIC NOMENCLATURE
RGAI MELATURE Introduction onfusion can arise in organic chemistry because of the variety of names that have been applied to compounds; common names, trade names and systematic names are prevalent. For
More informationChapter 3: Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
hapter : rganic ompounds: Alkanes and ycloalkanes >11 million organic compounds which are classified into families according to structure and reactivity Functional Group (FG): group of atoms which are
More informationOrganic: module 4 revision guide. Basic definitions to know. Drawing Displayed formulae
opyright Goalby Bancroft's School rganic: module 4 revision guide ydrocarbon is a compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon only Basic definitions to know Saturated: ontain single carbon-carbon bonds
More information3.1 Organic: Basic Concepts
. rganic: Basic oncepts ydrocarbon is a compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon only Basic definitions to know Saturated: ontain single carbon-carbon bonds only Unsaturated : ontains a = double bond
More informationUnsaturated hydrocarbons. Chapter 13
Unsaturated hydrocarbons Chapter 13 Unsaturated hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons which contain at least one C-C multiple (double or triple) bond. The multiple bond is a site for chemical reactions in these molecules.
More informationTopic 10.1: Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry Notes
Topic 10.1: Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry Notes Terminology Hydrocarbon: compounds that contain mostly hydrogen and carbon Homologous Series: compounds with the same general formula Molecular Formula:
More informationAlkanes and Cycloalkanes
Chapter 3 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Two types Saturated hydrocarbons Unsaturated hydrocarbons 3.1 Alkanes Also referred as aliphatic hydrocarbons General formula: CnH2n+2 (straight chain) and CnH2n (cyclic)
More informationNomenclature Problems Guidelines and summary page on last two pages.
Nomenclature Problems Guidelines and summary page on last two pages... 3. 4. 5. Z:\classes\34\34 Special andouts\34 Nomenclature lect probs only.doc 6. 7. 8. 9. 0. Z:\classes\34\34 Special andouts\34 Nomenclature
More informationAP Chemistry Chapter 22 - Organic and Biological Molecules
AP Chemistry Chapter - Organic and Biological Molecules.1 Alkanes: Saturated Hydrocarbons A. Straight-chain Hydrocarbons 1. Straight-chain alkanes have the formula C n H n+. Carbons are sp hybridized The
More information1. Find the highest priority group. These are listed in order of priority in the table of functional groups (next page).
General Strategy For aming Simple rganic ompounds (Bare bones summary sheets). Find the highest priority group. These are listed in order of priority in the table of functional groups (next page).. Find
More informationORGANIC CHEMISTRY. Classification of organic compounds
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Organic chemistry is very important branch of chemistry and it study the compounds which contain carbon (C) and hydrogen (H), in general, and may contains other atoms such as oxygen (O),
More informationChapter 4 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes.! Structure, Nomenclature and Conformations
hapter 4 Alkanes and ycloalkanes Structure, Nomenclature and onformations arbon Bonding Structural Representation of Simple Alkanes Name Kekule structure ondensed structure Model methane ethane propane
More informationUnit 3 Organic Chemistry. Chemistry 2202
Unit 3 Organic hemistry hemistry 2202 Introduction Organic hemistry is the study of the molecular compounds of carbon. eg. 4 3 O 3 N 2 Organic compounds exclude oxides of carbon and ions containing carbon.
More informationChemistry 20 Chapters 2 Alkanes
Chemistry 20 Chapters 2 Alkanes ydrocarbons: a large family of organic compounds and they contain only carbon and hydrogen. ydrocarbons are divided into two groups: 1. Saturated hydrocarbon: a hydrocarbon
More information3.1 Organic: Basic Concepts
3.1 rganic: Basic oncepts ydrocarbon is a compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon only Basic definitions to know Saturated: ontain single carbon-carbon bonds only Unsaturated : ontains a = double bond
More informationClassifying Hydrocarbons
Classifying Hydrocarbons alkanes- single C-C bonds, if all C s have H s attached, molecules are called saturated hydrocarbons alkenes- have one or more C=C double bonds alkynes- have one or more CΞC triple
More informationObjectives. Organic molecules. Carbon. Hydrocarbon Properties. Organic Chemistry Introduction. Organic versus Hydrocarbon 1/1/17
Objectives Organic Chemistry Introduction 8.1 To determine the properties of organic molecules and recognize a hydrocarbon. Use table P and Q to write structural and molecular formulas for hydrocarbons.
More informationFull file at
Chapter 2 - Alkanes: The Nature of Organic Compounds 1. Which of the following functional group classifications do not contain oxygen? A. ether B. thiol C. aldehyde D. ester E. amide 2. To which functional
More informationOrganic Chemistry CHEM 30S Learning Booklet
Organic Chemistry CHEM 30S Learning Booklet Name: What is organic chemistry? The word organic has been used widely in food that has been grown without the aid of fertilizers or chemicals enhancements.
More information3. Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
3. Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Based on McMurry s Organic Chemistry, 6 th edition, Chapter 3 2003 Ronald Kluger Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 1 Families of Organic Compounds!
More informationChapter 11. Introduction to Organic Chemistry
hapter 11 Introduction to rganic hemistry Properties of arbon and its compounds 2 Properties of arbon and its compounds 3 Properties of arbon and its compounds 4 Properties of arbon and its compounds 5
More informationChapter 22 Hydrocarbon Compounds
Chapter 22 Hydrocarbon Compounds 1 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Organic compounds are carbon compounds and there are over a million. The simplest organic compounds are hydrocarbons and they are composed of hydrogen
More informationChapter 13 Alkenes and Alkynes & Aromatic Compounds
Chapter 13 Alkenes and Alkynes & Aromatic Compounds Chapter Outline 13.1 Alkenes and Alkynes 13.2 Nomenclature of Alkenes and Alkynes 13.3 Cis Trans Isomers 13.4 Alkenes in Food and Medicine 13.6 Reactions
More informationChapter 25 Organic and Biological Chemistry
Chapter 25 Organic and Biological Chemistry Organic Chemistry The chemistry of carbon compounds. Carbon has the ability to form long chains. Without this property, large biomolecules such as proteins,
More informationChemistry B11 Chapters Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes and Benzene
Chapters 10-11 Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes and Benzene Organic compounds: organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon and only a few other elements-chiefly, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, halogens,
More informationOrganic Chemistry CHEM 30S Learning Booklet
Organic Chemistry CHEM 30S Learning Booklet Name: What is organic chemistry? The word organic has been used widely in food that has been grown without the aid of fertilizers or chemicals enhancements.
More informationORGANIC - BRUICE 8E CH.3 - AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: INDEX OF HYDROGEN DEFICIENCY (STRUCTURAL) A saturated molecule is any molecule that has the maximum number of hydrogens possible for its chemical structure. The rule that
More informationMOLECULER MODELS/ISOMERS ORGANIC STRUCTURES AND NAMING
REVISED 10/14 EMISTRY 1101L MOLEULER MODELS/ISOMERS ORGANI STRUTURES AND NAMING NOTE: This lab does not require safety glasses or lab coats. INTRODUTION Electron Dot Structures: Electron dot structures,
More informationUnit 7 ~ Learning Guide Name:
Unit 7 ~ Learning Guide : Instructions: Using a pencil, complete the following notes as you work through the related lessons. Show ALL work as is explained in the lessons. You are required to have this
More informationUnit 12 Organic Chemistry
Unit 12 Organic Chemistry Day 138 5/5/14 QOD: What is Organic Chemistry? Do Now: True or false? 1. Electrochemical cells generate electricity. 2. Electrons flow from left to right in a battery. 3. Redox
More informationORGANIC CHEMISTRY. Organic molecules are everywhere! The Alkanes (See pages 25-4 and 25-5) Naming Alkanes (See pages 25-7 to 25-10)
RGANI EMISTRY hemistry 11 rganic molecules are everywhere! Some common examples: Sucrose (sugar) Methane (natural gas) Butane (lighter fluid) Plastic Acetic Acid (vinegar) Ethanol (fuel additive) What
More informationCHAPTER 14: An Introduction to Organic Chemistry
CHAPTER 14: An Introduction to rganic Chemistry 14.1 rganic Compounds 14.2 rganic Reactions 14.3 Isomerism Learning outcomes: (a) interpret, and use the general, structural, displayed and skeletal formulae
More informationCHAPTER 15. Practice exercises 15.1
CAPTER 15 Practice exercises 15.1 15.3 (a) C 9 18 : isobutylcyclopentane C 11 22 : sec-butylcycloheptane C 6 2 : 1-ethyl-1-methylcyclopropane 15.5 (a) 3,3-dimethyl-1-pentene 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene 3,3-dimethyl-1-butyne
More informationORGANIC NOMENCLATURE. dimethyl ether By writing their formulae in a structural form we can differentiate between these two compounds.
hemistry 121 Winter 2001 ourse otes Principles of hemistry II Introduction RGAI MELATURE onfusion can arise in organic chemistry because of the variety of names that have been applied to compounds; common
More informationChapter 3 AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS NOMENCLATURE, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, REPRESENTATION OF STRUCTURE AND
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 2 ND EDITION PAULA YURKANIS BRUICE Chapter 3 AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS NOMENCLATURE, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, AND REPRESENTATION OF STRUCTURE RAED M. AL-ZOUBI, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
More informationChapter 4 Alkanes: Nomenclature, Conformational Analysis, and an Introduction to Synthesis"
Chapter 4 Alkanes: Nomenclature, Conformational Analysis, and an Introduction to Synthesis" Alkanes = saturated hydrocarbons" Simplest alkane = methane C 4" " We can build additional alkanes by adding
More information5.3 Systematic Nomenclature of Alkanes. Focus On. The Energy Content of Fuels
146 CHAPTER 5 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AND NOMENCLATURE I Furthermore, the task of learning all these prefixes would be daunting indeed. Decane has 75 isomers! Obviously, a systematic nomenclature is needed.
More informationDrawing Hydrocarbons. Classifying Hydrocarbons. Four types of diagrams can be used to represent the structure of a hydrocarbon: e.g.
Classifying Hydrocarbons alkanes- single C-C bonds, if all C s have H s attached, molecules are called hydrocarbons alkenes- have one or more C=C bonds alkynes- have one or more CΞC bonds alkenes & alkynes
More informationCarbon Bonding Isomers Naming Reference Tables Functional Groups. Reactions
arbon Bonding Isomers Naming Reference Tables Functional Groups 2 Reactions Not electrolytes; they do not generally conduct electricity. Low melting points; they are nonpolar with weak forces of attraction.
More informationORGANIC - EGE 5E CH. 5 - ALKANES AND CYCLOALKANES.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: ALKANE NOMENCLATURE Before 1919, chemists literally had to memorize thousands of random (common) chemical names. IUPAC naming provides a systematic method to give every chemical
More informationRevision Guide Unit 2. Module 1 Organic Chemistry
Revision Guide Unit 2 Module 1 Organic Chemistry Types of formulae Types of formula you need to know 1. Empirical 2. Molecular 3. Displayed 4. Structural 5. Skeletal 6. General DefiniJons empirical formula
More informationBasic Organic Nomenclature Packet Chemistry Level II
Basic Organic Nomenclature Packet Chemistry Level II Name: Period: Use this packet and your book to answer the questions throughout this packet. Organic Nomenclature - Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes Naming
More informationSummary Chapter General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith
Summary Chapter 11-12 General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith Organic Chem Review: Valence Electrons Example: Determine the valence electrons of Selenium (Se): 1. Find Se on the
More informationCHEM 203 Exam 1. Name Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
CHEM 203 Exam 1 Name Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following elements is a large percentage of both the earth's
More informationComplete Tutor Notes. OCR AS Chemistry A H032 for first assessment in 2016
R AS hemistry A 032 for first assessment in 206 omplete Tutor Notes www.boomerchemistry.com Section: 4.. Basic concepts of organic chemistry Naming organic compounds page hemical formulae page Structural
More informationChapter 20 (part 2) Organic Chemistry
Chapter 20 (part 2) Organic Chemistry Section 20.7 Alkenes and Alkynes Alkenes: hydrocarbons that contain a carbon carbon double bond. [C n H 2n ] CH 3 CH=CH 2 propene Alkynes: hydrocarbons containing
More informationINTRODUCTORY ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
INTRODUCTORY ORGANIC CEMISTRY Introduction Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and carbonates. Carbon atoms usually form four bonds. They have the
More informationCHEM202 Review of CHEM201. This review is intended to help you prepare for the topics that we will be covering in CHEM202.
CEM202 eview of CEM201 This review is intended to help you prepare for the topics that we will be covering in CEM202. Be sure to review the in chapter examples and exercises associated with the bullet
More informationBasic definitions for organic chemistry
rganic hemistry - Introduction 81 1 Basic definitions for organic chemistry Scope rganic chemistry is a vast subject so it is easier to split it into small sections for study. This is usually done by studying
More informationChapter 3: Structure and Nomenclature of Organic Compounds Focus on Alkanes
hapter 3: Structure and Nomenclature of rganic ompounds Focus on Alkanes rganic molecules are composed of one or more functional groups attached to one or more hydrocarbon groups (alkyl or groups) I. Functional
More informationChem 1075 Chapter 19 Organic Chemistry Lecture Outline
Chem 1075 Chapter 19 Organic Chemistry Lecture Outline Slide 2 Introduction Organic chemistry is the study of and its compounds. The major sources of carbon are the fossil fuels: petroleum, natural gas,
More informationChapter 25: The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry
Chemistry: The Central Science Chapter 25: The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry The study of carbon compounds constitutes a separate branch of chemistry known as organic chemistry The
More information