Extracting and Maintaining Geo-Referenced Data during the Application Processing Joze SENEGACNIK

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Reynold Briggs
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1 Extracting and Maintaining Geo-Referenced Data during the Application Processing (Permanent associate of S&T Hermes-Plus d.d., Slovenia, 1 ABSTRACT A lot of governmental offices process every day customer requests for obtaining different kinds of permissions, certificates and other kinds of legal documents. The majority of data collected and used in these documents could be geo-referenced and combined together with other geo-referenced data. Such combined information layers are excellent data sources for a variety of analysis used either for operational purposes or strategic planning. A particular case of processing the applications for the water usage permission will be our polygon to observe the extraction of this important information level from business. 2 THE STUDY CASE Ministry for Environment and Spatial Planning, The Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia is in charge issuing the permissions for water usage. S&T Hermes-Plus developed an IT solution to automate and support this process. On the Figure 1 we can see the top level process decomposition of the process for application handling. Stranka/SPIS Administrator DF30 P8 Administracija vodnih pravic DF31 Podatki nastavitev DF35 DF38 DF36 P7 Razveljavitev obstoječega dovoljenja Refernt na (vpisuje naravovarstven a mnena) DF1 DF2 DF11 Referenti na DF10 DS1 DF37 P9 Vpis arhivske številka DF3 DF4 DF25 DF36 P1 Reševanje vlog za Vodna Dovoljenja DF7 DF9 DF8 DF20 DF21 P6 Vpogled v podatke DF26 DF32 Pregledovalec Vpisovalec hidroloških poročil DF5 DF6 DS2 Prostorski sloji v Oracle Spatial DF12 DF17 P5 Priprava izhodnih podatkov DF27 DF33 DF34 Prejemnik podatkov v formau TXT DS3 Distribucijske baze na CVI DF18 DF28 Prejemnik izpisa DF19 DF14 DF15 P2 Konverzija in prenos prostorskih podatkov iz P3 Prenos baze SRC (40000 vlog) DF16 P4 Prenos baze Access DF29 DS4 Prostorski podatki v SHP formatu DS5 DS6 Baza Access Figure1: External actors, data stores, data flows and processes The process P1 (on the left part of the Figure 1 enclosed with the red rectangle) is the process of our interest. The purpose of this process is handling of the applications and issuing the permission for water usage. The P1 process, named Handling of applications for water usage, contains the following data flows: DF1 The paper application send by the requestor together with necessary data that form a file DF2 The permission issued DF11/DF10 Interaction of the clerk working on the application DF8/DF9 Data produced while handling the application together with the data from the application D4F Data from the environmental report DF3 Environmental report DF5 Spatial data (geo-referenced), produced as result of handling of the application stored in the distribution databases CORP 2006 & Geomultimedia06 Vienna, Feb Proceedings / Tagungsband; Editor / Herausgeber: Manfred SCHRENK ISBN: (from 2007: ISBN ) 361

DF6 Existing spatial data required for proper application handling DF7 Existing spatial data of Environmental Agency stored in Oracle Spatial DF25/DF36 interaction required to capture the data from

2 DF6 Existing spatial data required for proper application handling DF7 Existing spatial data of Environmental Agency stored in Oracle Spatial DF25/DF36 interaction required to capture the data from hydrological report The further decomposition of the P1 process can be observed on Figure 2. DF1.7 Referenti na DF1.6 Vsebinska presoja vloge GIS pregledovalnik DF1.27 Stranka/SPIS DF1.3 DF1.18 DF1.5 DF1.19 DF1.4 DF1.1 P1.2 DF1.8 P1.1 Vpis subjekta Vpis in dopolnjevanje podatkov vloge DF1.16 DF1.13 P1.3 Izdaja odločbe/ DF1.20 dovoljenja DF1.15 DF1.14 DF1.2 DF1.17 DS1.1 Register subjektov DF1.22 P1.4 Vpis naravovarstvene ga mnenja DF1.9 DS1 DF1.23 DF1.24 DF1.10 DF1.21 DF1.11 DS2 Prostorski sloji v Oracle Spatial P1.5 Vpis hidrološkega poročila DF1.28 DS3 Distribucijske baze na CVI P1.6 Izvedba zaključka DF1.25 Refernt na (vpisuje naravovarstven a mnena) DF1.26 Vpisovalec hidroloških poročil Figure2: Process P1 detailed decomposition During the starting phase of this process the data from the application is entered into the system and later on if some of the data is missing, the required data is added. Thus in the final phase all the required data is present in the system and the permission for water usage can be generated. DF1.4 Clerk's interaction DF1.9 Customer data DF1.10 Data from the application and data from the water usage permission DF1.11 Spatial (Geo-referenced data) that form a special layer DF1.14 Spatial data of the granted permissions for water usage DF1.15 Spatial data that is extracted to the dissemination database DF1.13 Spatial data from different sources that are used as reference data during the application processing The process of data entry is controlled by different controls that were defined in the form of business rules. Some of the controls are executed during the data entry operation, but majority of them is executed at the end when the user presses the save button. The goal is to capture all the data from the application which may be even wrong. If the business rule is not broken no message is reported. For all broken rules the data entry module prints out the identification of the broken business rule and the error description. Then the user has to make an appropriate correction in order to clear the data entry errors immediately or later whne the correct data is acquired. 362 in co-operation with

3 Extracting And Maintaining Geo-Referenced Data Durin the Application Processing Errors and Warnings in this Transaction Sporočilo VPR-00102:Manjka številka zadeve (spisovna številka) ali pa je v napačnem formatu Sporočilo VPR-00105:Datum odločbe manjka ali pa ni v ustreznem rangu Sporočilo VPR-01002:Koordinate izpusta niso v pravilnem rangu Help OK Figure 3: Broken Business Rules Report There are different types of permissions for water usage and according to the type of the permission the customer must select the right form. 3 SPATIAL DATA ENTRY To maximize the opportunity for future spatial queries the software solution determines the relationship with the spatial data layers for the place of water abstraction and water outflow. The result of this determination is the name of the element (data layer) where the water is abstracted (where water is physically moved from its natural site of occurrence) and the place of the outflow. The relationships for water abstraction place and for the potential outflow are determined during this process and saved in the database. The data stored in the database is like the following: MAP_ID ABSTR_OUTFLOW WATER_SOURCE SPATIAL LAYER OBJECT_NAME 12 Z LJUBLJANICA DKN 15/ Z LJUBLJANICA NASELJE ZALOG 134 Z LJUBLJANICA OBCINA LJUBLJANA 22 Z LJUBLJANICA HIDROOBM LJUBLJANICA 7765 Z LJUBLJANICA DKN 15/0 283 Z LJUBLJANICA NASELJE ZALOG 11 Z LJUBLJANICA OBCINA LJUBLJANA 22 Z LJUBLJANICA HIDROOBM SAVA 54 Z LJUBLJANICA HIDROPOSTAJE ZALOG 7727 I SAVA DKN 45/ I SAVA NASELJE PODGRAD 124 I SAVA OBCINA LJUBLJANA Table 1: Spatial Layer Relationship Table 1 represents a schematic relationship to different spatial layers for a hypothetical case of water usage permission. This permission allows the water abstraction from river Ljubljanica at place called Zalog and the outflow is in river Sava near the same place called Podgrad. As we can see from the Table 1 a spatial relationship with different data layers is determined when the location of the eater abstraction and outflow is entered in the system. This relationship is later on used for creation of a special query mask which combines the spatial location together with different attribute data. C O R P G E O M U L T I M E D I A 0 6 Sustainable Solutions for the Information Society - 11th International Conference on Urban Planning and Spatial Development for the Information Society 363

4 Kompleksno povpraševanje Vloge Datum od V reševanju GEOZ Odločba Datum od Datum do Rešena Mandič Datum do Veljavno dovoljenje Neveljavno dovoljenje Zavrnitev Raba vode MHE Mlin, žaga Pitna voda - javna oskrba Namakanje Termalna voda Vodni organizmi Označi vse Označi vse Pitna voda - lastna oskrba Tehnološki nameni Pridobivanje toplote Zasneževanje Drugo Podzemne vode Prosilec Naziv Ulica HŠ Pošta Občina Zavržba Vodni vir - atributno IN pogoj ALI pogoj Izbor sloja Pogoj 1 Sloj Pogoj 2 Sloj Pogoj 3 Sloj Pogoj 4 Sloj Vodni vir-prostorski V razdalji metrov od Lokacije X Y Poligona dovoljenja Obstoječe dovoljenje/vloga Izvedi Zapri Figure4: Screen mask for entering complex query conditions (combination of attribute and spatial conditions) The mechanism used for spatial layer determination is using a lookup table of all spatial layers. For each spatial layer we can define a different size of the buffer around the point of water abstraction or outflow. Then the spatial relationship operation is used to determine the interaction of this buffer with the objects in certain layer. Zalog Buffer 500m Sostro Zajem Hrušica Štapanja vas Ljubljana Škofljica Ig Izpust Figure5: Hypothetical spatial layer settlements with buffer size of 500m In Figure 5 the word zajem stands for the place of water abstraction while word izpust stands for the water outflow. The spatial determined relationship can be seen in Table 2. MAP_ID ABSTR_OUTFLOW WATER_SOURCE SPATIAL LAYER OBJECT_NAME 1244 Z LJUBLJANICA NASELJE LJUBLJANA 1244 Z LJUBLJANICA NASELJE ZALOG 1244 Z LJUBLJANICA NASELJE HRUŠICA 1244 Z LJUBLJANICA NASELJE SOSTRO 1244 I IŠKA NASELJE ŠKOFLJICA 1244 I IŠKA NASELJE IG Table 2: Spatial relationships for the Settlements layer 364 in co-operation with

5 Extracting And Maintaining Geo-Referenced Data Durin the Application Processing A similar spatial relationship is defined for the cadastral layer. In the cadastral layer the water abstraction and outflow place are determined as point objects without any buffer. Thus we get only relationship to one land parcel (sometimes there can be more parcels what depends of the type of the abstraction). Figure 6 displays such a theoretical case. Zajem 2/4 2/5 2/2 7/0 2/3 6/1 6/2 2/1 771/5 Izpust 117/8 4 CONCLUSION Figure 6: Spatial relationship for cadastral layer One can ask the question why the spatial relationship is determined as a relationship that is stored in the database because the relationship could be dynamically determined when necessary. The answer to such question is quite simple and somehow obvious the reason lies in improved performance and simplified combination of combining attribute and spatial conditions. Of course there is always a possibility to perform a complex spatial analysis to get an answer for very specific questions. Nevertheless, the base data about water abstraction and outflow place are stored in the database and therefore can be used anytime to re-determine the spatial relationship and perform complex analysis as well. The drawback of such solution is that it uses additional space on disks for storing predetermined relationship with predefined conditions (like the buffer size, etc ). On other hand the benefit is highly improved response time for complex queries which doesn t include almost no spatial relationship processing. It is not just the improved response time that is the benefit of this solution but it also requires less capable underlying hardware what means less initial costs. In the previous paragraph we were discussing only the technical benefits of the solution. We must emphasize as well that this solution integrated the administrative procedure of issuing water usage permission with entering the spatial data in one complex process. When the spatial relationship is determined it is stored in the database and checked against the set of predefined business rules that are defined in the system. In many systems which are GIS-centric the main purpose of the solutions is to maintain spatial data. Such kind of an approach can be very dangerous as it is focused only on GIS functionality and capability of the system. The opposite approach used in this solution is business-process oriented where GIS adds just a graphical environment for displaying attribute data and extends the capabilities of the system. The main focus of the system is not GIS-oriented, but an integrated administrative environment that contains all the necessary control functions for processing application requests. The vast conceptual problem in past was that many systems had a wrong focus on extending the system with spatial data and making them GIS-centric what somehow led to separate systems. The capabilities of relational databases to store GIS-data together with attribute data enabled integrated solutions where adding spatial data in the system extends the system functionality. Separation of capturing attribute and GIS data in different processes is never a good solution and leads to sub-optimal support for business processes. Therefore the optimal solution is a highly integrated solution which is focused mainly on support of business process(es). Such solutions improve the productivity and reduce the cost of the administrative tasks. C O R P G E O M U L T I M E D I A 0 6 Sustainable Solutions for the Information Society - 11th International Conference on Urban Planning and Spatial Development for the Information Society 365

Software for Landuse Management: Modelling with GIS

Software for Landuse Management: Modelling with GIS O. R. SODEINDE, Nigeria Key words: ABSTRACT Land use management has been a very important issue in the planning and maintenance of environmental and economic development of a geographic area. Therefore,