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1 GIS 388 Vol., No.3, Autumn GIS Iranian Remote Sensing & GIS 2 * (GIS). GIS.2 389/5/6 : 389/2/6 : : : GIS ( ) : * PouriaAmirian@gmail.com

2 ... (AQI) 2.(Cheng et al., 2007).. ). 3 (.( ). Air Quality Index (AQI) 2. Environmental Protection Agency 3. Download -.(Sohrabinia and Khorshiddoust, 2007).....(Robinson et al., 2005)

3 .(Vienneau et al., 2009) Web Services Horsburgha et al., ).( (OGC ). 4 OGC.(Chena et al., 2009).. Online 2. Spatial Analysis 3. Open Geospatial Consortium 4. George Mason (.. ) (. ( ) Frehner and ).(Brändlia, MODIS 2.(Sohrabinia and Khorshiddoust, 2007) ) ( 0

4 2.( 4 3. ) (.... OGC. OGC.(Zhang et al., 2007).(Lake et al., 2004). Data non-interoperability 2. Access non-interoperability 3. Open 4. Platform Independent. ) (... OGC ) OGC (O&M GML WFS WMS :.( ) ) 02

5 ( ) Langran, ) ( 2.( (Worboys, 2005). ).(Worboys, 2005). ( 4..(Langran, 2003).... Geospatial Information Systems 2. Feature 3. Spatial Snapshot Model 4. Event-Based Model. NET Java. OGC.. -4 (GIS) GIS.(Longley et al., 2005) ( ). ). (. 2..(Drummond et al., 2007) ) 03

6 GML.( Lake, ) 3 2.(2005 GML O&M.. -5 GML O&M... : ( ) ).( ( ). Observation and Measurements 2. Geography Markup Language 3.Extensible Markup Language ) ( ). ( (AP i, t j,s k ) M AP i S k t j O&M. M OGC O&M...[Cox, 2006] O&M. ( )..(Botts et al., 2006). 3 GML O&M GML.(Lake, 2005) 3 GML. XML ) 04

7 WFS 4 (). Interface Class (UML Class Diagram ). ) WFS WFS Get Capabilities ( WFS. Capabilities Document ) (..( ) OGC WMS 2 WFS. ) WFS (.(OGC, 2005) GML 3 WFS WFS GML.(OGC, 2005) 432 WFS ) WFS. ( UML Class Diagram. Web Map Service 2. Web Feature Service 3. Client 4. Operation 05

8 .(OGC, 2006) WMS WMS.(2 ) WFS WMS Get ). (Capabilities (Get Map) WMS (... Png, Jpg ) WMS ) ( WMS. WFS WMS.(OGC, 2006) Capabilities Document. (Describe Feature Type) ) ( GMLApplication. Schema Get ) GML (Feature. WFS ) (.. WFS WFS. WFS. WMS.2 ( Interface Class ) 06

9 GML O&M. (APi, tj,sk) M XSD. XSD.(3 ) XML XSD. ) (.... WMS WFS. -6 :. ( ) ( ) O&M GML XSD.3. Extensible Schema Definition Language 07

10 4.. Visual Basic Windows Service. 3. GML O&M om. gml O&M. GML XSD.. SQL Server

11 WMS. WMS WFS.. WFS WMS WMS. WFS XML ) SVG WMS ( WFS SVG GML Painter 2 SVG GML XSLT 5.. WFS Constructor. WMS Painter JPG. SVG PNG 2... WFS WMS Web Map Service (WMS) Painter Component Web Feature Service (WFS) Constructor Component GetMap GetFeature Any third party Application (for Example ESRI ArcGIS) Web GIS Application WFS Clients (Windows Application).5. Scalable Vector Graphics 2. Extensible Stylesheet Lanaguage for Transformation 09

12 . WFS 6. 5/5/2007. GML WFS 7. 6 WMS JavaScript ASP.NET 2.0.(8 ). GetMap. WMS 2 AJAX Refresh ) WMS (. XSLT. XML.(Antoniou and Tsoulos, 2006) PNG JPG WMS ( ).. SQL Server 2005 WMS ASP.NET 2.0 WFS... NET WFS.6. Desktop 2. Asynchronous JavaScript And Xml 0

13 WFS.7 WMS.8

14 ArcGIS Desktop WMS.9. WFS WMS O&M GML. WMS WFS.. O&M.. ArcGIS ( ) ) ArcGIS (ArcObjects WFS WMS WMS ArcMap

15 and AQI indices, Science of The Total Environment, Volume 382, Issues 2-3, September 2007, pp Cox, S., 2006, Observations and Measurements, an OGC Best Practices Paper, Available at: t_id=236. Drummond, J., Billen, R., Joao, E and Forrest, D., 2007, Dynamic and Mobile GIS: Investigating Changes in Space and Time, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Frehner, M. and Brändlia, M., 2006, Virtual Database: Spatial Analysis in a Webbased Data Management System for Distributed Ecological Data, Environmental Modeling & Software, Volume 2, Issue, November 2006, pp Ho, C., Robinson, A., Miller, R. and Davis, M., 2005, Overview of Sensors and Needs for Environmental Monitoring, Sensors Journal, Issue 5, pp Horsburgha, J., Tarbotona, D., Piaseckib, M., Maidmentc, D., Zaslavskyd, I., Valentined, D. and Whitenacked, T., 2009, An Integrated System for Publishing Environmental Observations Data, Environmental Modelling & Software, Volume 24, Issue 8, August 2009, pp Lake, R., 2005, The Application of Geography Markup Language (GML) to the Geological Sciences. Computers & Geosciences, Volume 3, Issue 9, November 2005, pp ( ) (Web Processing Service) OGC WPS. -8 Antoniou, B. and Tsoulos, L., 2006, The Potential of XML Encoding in Geomatics Converting Raster Images to XML and SVG, Computers & Geosciences, Volume 32, Issue 2, March 2006, pp Botts, M., Percivall, G., Reed, C. and Davidson, J., 2006, OGC Sensor Web Enablement: Overview and High Level Architecture, an OGC White Paper, Available at: t_id=4326. Chena, N., Liping, D., Yua, G. and Mina, M., 2009, A Flexible Geospatial Sensor Observation Service for Diverse Sensor Data Based on Web Service, isprs Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Volume 64, Issue 2, March 2009, pp Cheng, W., Chen, Y., Zhang, J., Lyons, T., Pai, J. and Chang, S., 2007, Comparison of the Revised Air Quality Index with the PSI 3

16 Lake, R., Burggraf, D., Trinic, M. and Rae, L., 2004, Geography Markup Language, Chichester, England, John Wiley and Sons. Langran, G., 2003, Issues of Implementing a Spatiotemporal System, International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, vol. 7(4), pp Zhang, J., Gong, J., Lin, H., Wang, G., Huang, J., Zhu, J., Xu, B. and Teng, J., 2007, Design and Development of Distributed Virtual Geographic Environment System based on Web Services, Information Sciences, Volume 77, Issue 9, October 2007, pp Longley, P., Goodchild, M., Maguire, D. and Rhind, D., 2005, Geographic Information Systems and Sciences, Wiley Publications. OGC, 2006, Open GIS Web Map Service.3 implementation specification. OGC, 2005, Open GIS Consortium Web Feature Service implementation specification..0. Sohrabinia, M. and Khorshiddoust, M., 2007, Application of Satellite Data and GIS in Studying Air Pollutants in Tehran, Habitat International, Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2007, pp Vienneau, D., De Hoogha, K. and Briggs, D., 2009, A GIS-based Method for Modelling Air Pollution Exposures Across Europe, Science of The Total Environment, Volume 408, Issue 2, 20 December 2009, pp Worboys, M. F., 2005, Event-oriented Approaches to Geographic Phenomena, International Journal of Geographical Information Science, vol. 9, no., pp 28. 4