Task 3. EICM Validation and Analysis
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1 Task 3. EICM Validation and Analysis Lev Khazanovich Associate Professor
2 Presentation Outline 1. Minimum AC thickness 2. Time of traffic opening 3. Comparisons of AC overlay and semi-rigid MEPDG models 4. Effect of weather station 5. MnROAD temperature data
3 Minimum PCC Thickness Objective Determine minimum allowable AC thickness *Note* The MEPDG produces a warning message when the input AC overlay thickness is less than 2 inches Case study: 6-inch PCC with 1.9 or 2.0 inch AC overlay Other inputs were identical Predicted transverse cracking in PCC layer 1.9 in = 14.2% 2.0 in = 1% Conclusion: The minimum AC thickness must be 2 in unless the EICM is modified
4 Effect of AC Sublayering Objective Determine differences of MEPDG predictions Case study 6-inch JPCP with 4-inch AC overlays One 4-inch thick AC layer, or Two 2-inch thick AC layers Other inputs were identical
5 Effect of AC Sublayering MEPDG results (1) 4 in (2) 2 in Terminal IRI Transverse Cracking AC Top-Down Cracking AC Bottom-Up Cracking 0 0 Rutting AC Rutting Total Conclusion No significant differences in MEPDG output
6 Time of Traffic Opening Objective Determine differences in MEPDG predcitions if the opening date to traffic is changed MEPDG input options: Pavement construction Overlay construction Traffic opening Case study: 6-inch JPCP with 4-inch AC overlay Traffic opening months: June, July, August
7 Time of Traffic Opening June-July- August May-June- June June-July- July Terminal IRI Transverse Cracking AC Top-Down Cracking AC Bot-Up Cracking Rutting - AC Rutting - Total
8 Time of Traffic Opening Layer moduli were also examined No significant differences Traffic opening month was also tested for a 4- inch overlay with two 2-inch layers Yielded same results Conclusions The month a pavement structure is opened to traffic does not affect pavement performance predictions produced by the MEPDG
9 AC/PCC vs AC/CTB Objective: compare MEPDG outputs of a 4-inch AC overlay of PCC and Cement Treated Base (CTB) All other inputs given were as close as possible PCC CTB Thermal Conductivity 1.25 BTU/hr-ft-ÞF 1.25 BTU/hr-ft-ÞF Heat Capacity 0.28 BTU/lb-ÞF 0.28 BTU/lb-ÞF Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 5.5 per ÞF x 10^-6 NA PCC Month Month CTB Existing Pavement June May Base/Subgrade Overlay Construction July July Pavement Traffic Opening August August Traffic Opening
10 AC/PCC vs AC/CTB Predicted Distresses PCC CTB Terminal IRI Transverse Cracking 8.6 NA AC Top-Down Cracking AC Bot-Up Cracking 0 0 Rutting - AC Rutting - Total
11 AC/PCC vs AC/CTB Total rutting: AC over PCC structure
12 AC/PCC vs AC/CTB Surface Temperatures: AC over PCC structure
13 AC/PCC vs AC/CTB Surface Temperatures: AC over PCC structure
14 AC/PCC vs AC/CTB Conclusions Significant differences are found Rutting IRI Surface temperatures Given the same EICM files, and thermal property values Layer Moduli Not just in PCC and CTB layers, but throughout pavement structure AC/CTB should not be used for composite pavements
15 Effect of Weather Stations Objective Study the effect of weather stations used to generate an.icm file for composite and flexible pavements Case studies 6-inch PCC with 2-inch AC overlay, various weather stations MEPDG provides 6 available stations to select when generating an.icm file using interpolation. Three categories were created: Nearest only All except nearest All
16 Effect of Weather Stations Case 1. Minneapolis - St. Cloud
17 Effect of Weather Stations Percent Slabs Cracked Locatio ns Lat. Lon g. Elev. % Cra c k in g af t er 20 y e ars us in g all w e at her s t at io ns M i n n e a po l is Pt Locat i on Pt Locat i on Pt Locat i on Pt St. C l oud As the location becomes closer to St. Cloud, the percentage of cracking increases
18 Effect of Weather Stations Missing Months Not all stations have a complete hourly climatic data (hcd) files MEPDG uses nearby stations to interpolate for missing data This is a possible reason for extreme cracking values for St. Cloud
19 Effect of Weather Stations MEPDG Interface showing number of missing months
20 Effect of Weather Stations MEPDG Interface Showing Error for Missing Data
21 Effect of Weather Stations Case locations were selected across the US Elevation of each location is between ft This is similar to Minneapolis (Elev. 874ft) Covered a large area climatologically Factorials were ran at each location Nearest Only All except nearest All Identical composite pavement structure as used in Minneapolis - St. Cloud experiments
22 Effect of Weather Stations Selected Locations Across the US
23 Effect of Weather Stations Locations Lat. Long. Elev. % Cracking after 20 years for weather station Nearest only All except All nearest Fort Wayne, IN Oshkosh, WI San Antonio, TX Lawrence, KS Ann Arbor, MI Grand Forks, ND Columbus, OH Madison, WI Cedar Rapids, IA Parsons, KS Oak Ridge, TN Atlanta, GA Joplin, MO
24 Effect of Weather Stations Conclusion: Quality of weather station data should be carefully evaluated.
25 Effect of AC Thickness on PCC Temperature Gradients Objective Compare EICM predictions of PCC temperature gradients with and w/o AC overlays Case study: 8-inch PCC No AC layer 1.5 in AC overlay 2 in AC overlay 3 in AC overlay 4 in AC overlay
26 Effect of AC Thickness on PCC Temperature Gradients Temperature Difference, Top Bottom PCC only 1.5 in 2 in 3 in 4 in Time, Hrs
27 Effect of AC Thickness on PCC Temperature Gradients
28 Field Validation of EICM MnROAD Cell 53 Data from Overlay and No-Overlay sections were compared
29
30 Field Validation of EICM
31 Field Validation of EICM
32 Remaining Work Global sensitivity of EICM to weather stations and locations Effect of other EICM inputs Effect of design features Attempt to salvage Cell 53 data Comparisons with MnROAD data.
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