Lesson 28 Working with Special Triangles
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1 Lesson 28 Working with Special Triangles Pre-Calculus 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 1
2 Review Where We ve Been We have a new understanding of angles as we have now placed angles in a circle on a coordinate plane We also have an understanding of how to calculate the trig ratios of the angles in standard position 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 2
3 Lesson Objectives Know the trig ratios of all multiples of 30, 45, 60, 90 angles Understand the concepts behind the trig ratios of special angles in all four quadrants Solve simple trig equations involving special trig ratios Tabulate the trig ratios to begin graphing trig functions 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 3
4 (A) Review Special Triangles Review triangle sin(45 ) = sin(π/4) = cos(45 ) = cos(π/4) = tan(45 ) = tan(π/4) = csc(45 ) = csc(π/4) = sec(45 ) = sec(π/4) = cot(45 ) = cot(π/4) = 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 4
5 (A) Review Special Triangles Review triangle 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 5
6 (A) Review Special Triangles Review triangle 30 π/6 rad Review triangle 60 π/3 rad sin(30 ) = sin(π/6) = cos(30 ) = cos(π/6) = tan(30 ) = cot(π/6) = csc(30 ) = csc(π/6) = sec(30 ) = sec(π/6) = cot(30 ) = cot(π/6) = sin(60 ) = sin(π/3) = cos(60 ) = cos(π/3) = tan(60 ) = tan(π/3) = csc(60 ) = csc(π/3) = sec(60 ) = sec(π/3) = cot(60 ) = cot(π/3) = 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 6
7 (A) Review Special Triangles triangle 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 7
8 (B) Trig Ratios of First Quadrant Angles We have already reviewed first quadrant angles in that we have discussed the sine and cosine (as well as other ratios) of 30, 45, and 60 angles What about the quadrantal angles of 0 and 90? 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 8
9 (B) Trig Ratios of First Quadrant Angles Quadrantal Angles Let s go back to the x,y,r definitions of sine and cosine ratios and use ordered pairs of angles whose terminal arms lie on the positive x axis (0 angle) and the positive y axis (90 angle) sin(0 ) = cos (0 ) = tan(0 ) = sin(90 ) = sin(π/2) = cos(90 ) = cos(π/2) = tan(90 ) = tan(π/2) = 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 9
10 (B) Trig Ratios of First Quadrant Angles Quadrantal Angles Let s go back to the x,y,r definitions of sine and cosine ratios and use ordered pairs of angles whose terminal arms lie on the positive x axis (0 angle) and the positive y axis (90 angle) sin(0 ) = 0/1 = 0 cos (0 ) = 1/1 = 1 tan(0 ) = 0/1 = 0 sin(90 ) = sin(π/2) =1/1 = 1 cos(90 ) = cos(π/2) =0/1 = 0 tan(90 ) = tan(π/2) =1/0 = undefined 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 10
11 (B) Trig Ratios of First Quadrant Angles - Summary 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 11
12 (C) Trig Ratios of Second Quadrant Angles Now let s apply the same ideas & concepts to considering special second quadrant angles of 120 (2π/3), 135 (3π/4), 150 (5π/6) and 180 (π) 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 12
13 (C) Trig Ratios of Second Quadrant Angles Now let s apply the same ideas & concepts to considering special second quadrant angles of 120, 135, 150 and 180 θ 120 Sin(θ) Cos(θ) Tan(θ) (2π/3) 150 (5π/6) 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 13
14 (C) Trig Ratios of Second Quadrant Angles Now let s apply the same ideas & concepts to considering special second quadrant angles of 120, 135, 150 and 180 θ 135 Sin(θ) Cos(θ) Tan(θ) (3π/4) 180 (π) 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 14
15 (D) Trig Ratios of Third Quadrant Angles Now let s apply the same ideas & concepts to considering special second quadrant angles of 210 (7π/6), 225 (5π/4), 240 (4π/3) and 270 (3π/2) θ 210 Sin(θ) Cos(θ) Tan(θ) (7π/6) 240 (4π/3) 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 15
16 (D) Trig Ratios of Third Quadrant Angles Now let s apply the same ideas & concepts to considering special second quadrant angles of 210 (7π/6), 225 (5π/4), 240 (4π/3) and 270 (3π/2) θ 225 Sin(θ) Cos(θ) Tan(θ) (5π/4) 270 (3π/2) 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 16
17 (D) Trig Ratios of Fourth Quadrant Angles Now let s apply the same ideas & concepts to considering special second quadrant angles of 300 (5π/3), 315 (7π/4), 330 (11π/4) and 360 (2π) θ Sin(θ) Cos(θ) Tan(θ) 300 (5π/3) 330 (11π/6) 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 17
18 (D) Trig Ratios of Fourth Quadrant Angles Now let s apply the same ideas & concepts to considering special second quadrant angles of 300 (5π/3), 315 (7π/4), 330 (11π/4) and 360 θ Sin(θ) Cos(θ) Tan(θ) (2π) 315 (7π/4) 360 (2π) 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 18
19 (G) Summary (As a Table of Values) sin cos sin cos 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 19
20 (G) Summary As a Unit Circle The Unit Circle is a tool used in understanding sines and cosines of angles found in right triangles. It is so named because its radius is exactly one unit in length, usually just called "one". The circle's center is at the origin, and its circumference comprises the set of all points that are exactly one unit from the origin while lying in the plane. 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 20
21 (G) Summary As a Unit Circle 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 21
22 (H) Examples Complete the worksheet: trigonometry104.htm trigonometry108.htm 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 22
23 (H) Trig Equations Simplify the following: 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 23
24 (H) Trig Equations Simplify or solve 3/3/14 Pre-Calculus 24
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