Solar System Exploration in Germany
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1 Solar System Exploration in Germany German Space Program (Key points) Formation and development of the Solar System Formation of stars and planets Comparison of terrestrial planets with Earth The Sun and its influence on interplanetary medium and the planets especially the Earth Upper atmosphere: state and dynamics Search for signs of life 1
2 Solar System Exploration in Germany Competence and perspectives Scientific community in Max-Planck-Institutes, universities, and research institutes Active in most fields of solar system research Realisation of spaceborne experiments mostly in cooperation Technological competence for forefront instrumentation both in science institutes and in industry Position paper for Solar Research is in Preparation 2
3 The Sun and its influence on Earth 2005/6 SUNRISE - spektropolarimetric observations DLR/NASA ; Status: development; Balloon-borne 1m-class telescope) 2005 STEREO - 3-Dimensional Observation of coronal mass ejections NASA; Status: development; D-participation: contributions to several experiments 2001 HESSI particle acceleration and energy transportation in solar events NASA; Status: in operation; D-participation: data analysis and ground station 2000 CLUSTER Influence of the solar wind on the Earth s atmosphere ESA; Status: 4 spacecraft in operation; D-participation: several instruments 1995 SOHO high-resolution spectroscopy of solar atmosphere and corona ESA/NASA; Status: in operation; D-participation: several instruments 1990 Ulysses Observation of the solar environment outside of the ecliptic ESA; Status: in operation; D-participation: several instruments 3
4 German contributions to STEREO SECCHI - Entrance apertures for coronograph and EUVcameras - development of methods to analyse CME - S/W for data presentation and visualisation IMPACT - Development of the Solar Electron and Proton Telescope (SEPT) - Time-of-flight electronics for the suprathermal ion telescope/ TOF-mass-spectrometer (SIT) (PLASTIC) - calibration of detectors 4
5 Sun Centered Imaging Package (SCIP) STEREO Spacecraft SESAMe 5
6 Sunrise Science Goals resolve the magnetic structure on spatial scales of > 30 km study the dynamics and the full life cycle of flux concentrations provide crucial information about the evolution of magnetic flux and the solar dynamo Sunrise Main Requirements sufficient field of view (magnetic connectivity: km) 1-m telescope time resolution 5 s and coverage up to days measurement of 3D-distribution of B vector, v, T high-cadence imaging of different layers 6
7 Future Missions and participations 2012 Solar Orbiter Exploration of the Sun from close distance ESA; Status: preparation; D-participation: TBD 2011/12 BepiColombo Opportunity for experiments near the Sun ESA/ISAS; Status: preparation; D-participation: TBD 2008 MMS Magnetospheric multiscale mission NASA; Status: proposed; D-participation: TBD 2007 SDO Influence of Solar Variations to life on Earth NASA; Status: in preparation; D-participation: in discussion 2006 THEMIS Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms NASA; Status: in preparation; D-participation: under consideration (2005) SOL-ACES - Measurement of UV-fluxes from the Sun DLR/ESA; Status: in development; on ISS solar platform 7
8 SDO SHARPP subsystems Aperture door mechanisms and 7 shutters as proposed MPAe contribution MAGRITTE SPECTRE 8
9 STEREO Spacecraft Solar Arrays SECCHI (SCIP) High Gain Antenna SECCHI (HI) IMPACT (SEP) PLASTIC Astromast IMPACT (Magnetometer) SWAVES (3) IMPACT (SWEA) IMPACT (STE) 9
10 SUNRISE Main Telescope Central Frame with Main Bearing Back Ring Primary Mirror M1 Instrument Platform/ Electrical Platform (schematic) Serrurier Trusswork Front Ring M2 Unit with Spider Tunnel with M3/M4 Mirrors Heat Rejection Wedge with Heat Pipes Radiators Primary Mirror (Backside) with Mirror Mounts Aperture Doors Aperture Door Mechanism Heat Rejection Wedge with Heat Pipes M2- Mechanism (Tube and M2 cut) 10
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Solar Energetic Particles in the Inner Heliosphere
Author: Mariona Adillón Corbera Advisor: Neus Agueda Costafreda Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. Abstract: The upcoming missions Solar Orbiter (SolO)