Size: px
Start display at page:

Download ""

Transcription

1 Title Differential Cross Sections Several Odd A Nuclei in the of (p, Energy Author(s) Kokame, Jun; Fukunaga, Kiyoji Citation Bulletin of the Institute for Chemi University (1965), 43(s): 1-25 Issue Date URL Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University

2 Differential Cross Sections of (p, p) and (p, p') Scattering from Several Odd A Nuclei in the Energy Range of 6 to 7.5 Mev Jun KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA* (Kimura Laboratory) Received June 15, 1964 A compiled table of numerical differential cross sections of elastic and inelastic scattering of protons from several odd-even nuclei is presented, of which measurements were carried out by the Kyoto group using a 105cm cyclotron of Kyoto University. The incident energy of protons was changed by stacked aluminium foils in the energy range of 6 MeV to 7.5MeV. Targets nuclei are B", C13, r', Mg25, Al", P3' and Cl". The pourpose of the experiment is to investigate the reaction mechanisms and the relation to the structure of nuclei. Discussions on the results are described briefly. 1. INTRODUCTION Elastic and inelastic scattering of protons had been reported by many authors in the mass region from light to intermediately heavy nuclei and in the energy range from several to a few tens MeV mainly on even-even nuclei. Important informations have been obtained by their works about scattering mechanisms, energy dependences of the cross section and of the shape of the angular distribution, the optical model parameters and the level structure. However, the scattering from odd-a nuclei in the mass region less than A- 40 had been studied relatively little, in spite of their interesting characteristics compared with that of even-even nuclei. These are : (1) the excitation of the compound nucleus which may he formed by a target nucleus and an incident proton, is considerably higher than that of neighbouring even-even nuclei. (2) Thresholds of the (An) reaction are lower than that of nearby even-even nuclei. (3) Relatively many levels of different spin and parity of the residual nucleus could be excited so that it would be possible to study the structure of the nucleus and scattering mechanisms by comparing the yields from these levels, because the unified model') has shown considerable success in understanding the level structure of odd-a nuclei. (4) The (p, p') scattering of odd-even nuclei is the mirror reaction of the (p, n) reaction of the same nucleus. It seems to be very interesting to compare these two reactions, because the residual two nuclei (in mirror nucleus) have the same spin and parity in corresponding low-lying levels. The angular distribution and differential cross-sections and their energy dependences have been measured in the present work for nuclei, B" C13, F', Mg25 Al", P3' and Cl" in the energy range of 6 to 7.5 MeV. ( 1 )

3 Jun KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA 2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES A deflected beam of protons accelerated up to about 7.5 MeV by a 105cm F. F. cyclotron in our laboratory was led to a 52cm scattering chamber through a pair of quadrupole magnets. The scattered protons were detected with a NaI or CsI scintillation counter or a solid state detector. In some case the competing (p, a) reaction can occur so that the alpha-particles were absorbed with an Al-foil in front of the detector to prevent the overlapping of peaks in pulse height spectrum. Usual electronics were used to analyze the energy spectrum. The incident energy of the beam was determined by measuring the range in aluminium". The incident energy was changed by stacked aluminium foils through which the beam emerge into the scattering chamber. The energy spread of the beam, not defined with a magnetic beam analyzer, seems to be about 50 kev. The target of boron was made by sedimentation of B" powder (96.7% enriched, obtained from ORNL, USA) on a thin gold foil of which thickness was 0.2mg/cm2. The thickness of the boron target was ranging 0.5 to 4mg/cm2 from target to target. The target of C13 was made by a craking method" from 56% enriched methane gas. The thickness was 0.38mg/cm2. As for F", a poly-tetra-fluorethylene (teflon) foils were used (2 to 2.5mg/cm2 in thickness). Mg25 was enriched to about 96% by a mass-separator in Department of Physics, Kyoto University, on a thin gold foil of which thickness was 0.2mg/cm2. The amount of Mg" was not known so that the absolute cross-section was determined by a comparison with the yields from a natural magnesium target with the thickness of 1.00mg/cm2. The target of aluminium was a commercial foil of which thickness was 0.60mg/cm2. For P31, targets were made by sedimentation of redphosphorous powder in alcohol on a thin gold foil. The thickness was ranging 1 to 3mg/cm2. For chlorine, natural gas in a gas target chamber was used. 3. DISCUSSIONS ON THE RESULTS Detailed discussions on the results had been reported elsewhere2''". A rather brief discussion is made here. Numerical values of the differential cross section are given in the following tables. The discussion for the elastic scattering is summarized in conclusive remarks On the Result of B" The angular distribution of inelastically scattered protons from the first excited state at 2.13 MeV is considerably energy-dependent. The level can be considered to be a level not belonging to the rotational band of the ground state". The reaction mechanism is considered to be probably the compound nuclear reaction ( 2 )

4 (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev process in the energy region of 6.5 to 7.5 MeV" On the Result of C" Inelastically scattered protons from the lowest three levels were observed. The yield from the second level (3/2-) is predominant. This level can be considered to be a collective level from the result of the (a, a') scattering recently carried out by our groups). Therefore, the relatively large yield from this level in the (p, p') scattering is considered to show that the low energy protons excite collective levels with some enhancement over single particle excitations, as well as alpha-particles of a few tens MeV. These aspects show themselves the existence of direct interactions between the target nucleus and the incident particle. As the energy dependence of the angular distribution of this collective level is considerably large, the interference between the direct interactions and the compound nuclear process may have to be taken into consideration On the Result of F`' Proton groups scattered from three levels (not resolved) at about 1.4 MeV and one level at 2.78 MeV were measured. The angular distribution had little energy dependence. This is very interesting in comparison with the energy dependence of nearby even-even nuclei, for example, Ne", which showed a violent energy dependence in this energy region". The reason may be explained by the difference in the height of the compound excitation (see ref. 2) On the result on Mg" The angular distribution was measured only at the incident energy of 7 MeV. According to the Nilsson model", this nucleus has the same level structure of Al" which has the same number of nucleons, 13". The relative yield from lower several levels was observed to be qualitatively same as that of aluminium. This could be an evidence supporting the Nilsson model in these nuclei and the rotational excitation by low energy protons The Result on Al" Proton groups from low-lying six levels were observed. Some energy dependences in the angular distribution were observed though they are not so violent in even-even nuclei in this energy region". It should be noted that the summed angular distribution of p,' (Q 2.73 Mev) is very close to 90 symmetry. This may suggest that the yield from this level was mainly brought from the compound process according to the theory of Ericson"). For other groups of protons, it seems to be probable that there is a mixing of direct interactions and the compound nuclear process. A discussion on this problem will be published elsewhere in detail On the Result of P" The energy dependence of the angular distribution of and p2' are relatively little. In higher energy regions (8 to 14 MeV) both angular distributions take a resembled figure with each other". The monentum transfer in the excitation of both levels is equally two. Thus the resemblance suggest an excitation by direct ( 3 )

5 Jim KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA interactions. The shape of both angular distributions have also some resemblance in the result of present experiment. It could be considered that in this energy range the both direct and compound nuclear reactions are mixed, and the rate of the latter process would be increasing at lower incident energies On the Result of Cl" At present, the number of data is quite few so that no discussion can be made Conclusive Remarks The energy dependence of the angular distribution of the elastic scattering is little compared with that of even-even nuclei in the same energy region. This fact was clarified by the present investigation". The reasons can be considered to be the relative height of the compound nucleus and the (p, n) thresholds. The former is in general considerably high in odd-even nuclei compared with eveneven nuclei. The latter is low in odd-even nuclei compared with even-even nuclei. Thus the compound nucleus decays less in the ingoing channel in odd-even nuclei than in even-even nuclei. In the latter nuclei the compound nucleus has relatively a small number of out-going channels other than a rejection to the ingoing channel so that the probability of decaying through the same channel as ingoing channel, i. e. the elastic scattering, would be relatively large in its amount in the elastic scattering in low energy protons (see ref. 4). This would cause the relatively large energy dependence of the elastic scattering in even-even nuclei compared with that in odd-even nuclei. The integrated cross-section of the inelastic scattering is not strongly energydependent with few exceptions in this energy region. This aspect is also characteristic point in comparison with that of even-even nuclei and with that of another type of reactions. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors express their sincere thanks to Professor K. Kimura for his encouragement throughout the course of this experiment. Many thanks are also due to following members who collaborated partially with the authors during the serial experiment: Drs. Y. Uemura, R. Ishiwari, J. Muto, I. Kumabe, H. Ogata, A. Katase and Mr. T. Ohama, Y. Ohmori, H. Ueda, S. Tahira, T. Komatuzaki, S. Tomita, N. Inoue and H. Nakamura. The authors acknowledge to Professor J. Muto and his coworkers for making the target of magnesium 25. ( 4 )

6 (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev Q-VALUEQ -VALUE TARGETINCIDENT OF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGYTHE (MeV) LEVEL PARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGYTHE LEVEL PARITY & B /2 -B /2 - Om. (do-/ds2)cm Error*Ocm (dc-/di2)c,n Error O * Errors are stasistical. TARGETINCIDENT NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) OFSPINTARGETINCIDENT LEVEL THE PARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGYTHE& OFSPIN LEVELPARITY B /2 - B" /2 - Ocm(da'/df2)cm ErrorOcm (do-/da2)cm Error in degreesin mb/ster. in mb/ster. in degrees in mb/ster. in mb/ster O O ( 5 )

7 Jun KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA Q-VALUE.._ Q=VALUE TARGETINCIDENT OF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGY LEVEL THE PARITY & B" /2 - B" /2-0cm(do /di2)cm ErrorBeni (do /df2)cm Error in degrees in mb/ster. in mb/ster.in degrees in mb/ster. in mb/ster Q-VALUEQ- VALUE TARGETINCIDENTOF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGY LEVELPARITY THE & B" /2 -B" / cm(do-/dS2)om Error0cm (do-/d&2)cm Error in degrees in mb/ster. in mb/ster.in degrees in mb/ster. in mb/ster ( 6 )

8 (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev TARGETINCIDENT OF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGYTHE (MeV) LEVEL PARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGYTHE LEVEL PARITY & (MeV) (MeV).._. B" /2 -B" /2-0e171 (do-/ds2)cm Errordom (do-/df),)em Error Q-VALUEQ--VALUE TARGETINCIDENTOFSPINTARGETINCIDENTOF NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGY LEVEL THE SPIN PARITY & B" /2 - B" /2 - OM.(do-/df2)e, ErrorBC, (do-/df2)c, Error ( 7 )

9 Jun KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA Q VALUEQ--VALUE INCIDENT ENERGY OF THE SPININCIDENT &TARGET ENERGY OF THE SPIN TARGET & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITY (MeV)----(MeV) C /2 + C /2 - Gem(do /d42)em Errordem (do-/ds),)e 1 Error O INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENTOF SPIN TARGET ENERGYTHE &TARGET ENERGY THE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL ( MeV)(MeV) PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITY C /2 + C /2 + Bei (do/d4/)em Error em (do-/60.)emn Error O ( 8 )

10 (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev TARGETINCIDENT OF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGYTHE (MeV) LEVEL PARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGYTHE LEVEL PARITY & C /2 - C /2-1 Ocm (do-/df2)cm ErrorOC,ri (da-/df2)e,n Error TARGETINCIDENTOF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGY THE&NUCLEUSENERGY THE & (MeV) LEVEL PARITY(MeV LEVEL C /2 -i- C' /2 - Oc,n (do-/df2). ErrorOe,n (do-/df2),m Error G ( 9 )

11 Jun KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA Q-VALUEQ- VALUE TARGETINCIDENT OF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGYTHE LEVEL PARITY & /2 - C /2 +F' /2 3/2 - + em(da /ds1)em ErrorOem (do-fddl)em Error in degrees in tnb/ster. in mb/ster. in degrees in mb/ster. in mb/ster TARGETINCIDENT OF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE&NUCLEUSENERGY PARITY(MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY & /2 - F" (7/2,9/2)F / /2 - -{- 0c,n(do /d12) ern Error Be,n (dor/ds1)em Error.. in degreesin mb/ster. in mb/ster. in degrees in mb/ster. in mb/ster ( 10 )

12 (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev TARGETINCIDENT OF SPINTARGETINCIDENT NUCLEUSENERGYTHE (MeV) LEVELPARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGYTHE OF LEVEL SPIN PARITY & /2 - F (7/2,9/2)F" /2-2 Oe. (do-/ds2). ErrorOe,, (do-/ds2),;a, Error TARGETINCIDENTOFSPINTARGETINCIDENT NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGY OF LEVEL THE SPIN PARITY & /2 - F" (7/2,9/2)F" / / ,,,, (do-/ds2) m Error0c,,, (do-/ds2),,,, Error ( 11 )

13 jun KOKAME and I<iyoji FUKUNAGA Q-VALUE Q-VALUE TARGETINCIDENT OF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY &NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV)LEVEL THE PARITY & F (7/2,9/2)Mg /2 + 0,n(da/d11), Error0 n, (do/d12),, Error TARGETINCIDENTOF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGYTHE& LEVEL PARITY (MeV) ---(MeV) --- Mg /2 + Mg /2 -{- O,(do /d12).. ErrorO n,(do-/d1-2), 1 Error ( 12 )

14 (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev TARGETINCIDENT OF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGYTHE (MeV) LEVEL PARITY(MeV)LEVEL &NUCLEUSENERGYTHE PARITY & (MeV) _....(MeV) Mg (7/2) + Mg~ /2 -I- Oem(do /df2)e,n ErrorOem (do-/ds2)cm Error INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENT OF SPIN TARGET ENERGY THE&TARGETENERGYTHE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITY Mg /2 +Mg (3/2)5/2)- Oem(do'/d11),,,,, Error02,5 (da-/df2)cm Error O ( 13 )

15 Jun KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENT OF SPIN TARGET ENERGY THE &TARGET ENERGY THE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL (M PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITY ev)(mev) Mg (3/2)+A /2 OM (do /(1I2)sn, ErrorOe n (da /d12)cm Error I INCIDENT OFSPININCIDENT OF SPIN TARGET ENERGYTHE&TARGET ENERGY THE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVELPARITYNUCLEUS ( MeV)(MeV) (MeV) LEVEL PARITY Al" /2+Al" /2-1- Oom (do-/ds1)ern ErrorBem (do-/dc/),,n Error ( 14 )

16 (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev TARGETINCIDENT OF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY(MeV)LEVEL &NUCLEUSENERGYTHE PARITY & Al" /2 +Al" / /2 + Ocm(do-/dS2)om ErrorBCm (do-/ds2)cm Error TARGETINCIDENTOF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY(MeV) &NUCLEUSENERGYTHE LEVEL PARITY & Al" /2 4Al" /2 -I /2-1- Oem(do-/df2)c,,,. ErrorOCm (do-/ds2)eu Error , ( 15 )

17 Jun KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA Q -VALUE R-VALUE TARGETINCIDENT OF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY(M &NUCLEUSENERGYTHE& ev) LEVEL PARITY Al" /2 + Al" /2-1- dcm(do-/ds2)em ErrorOem(do-/d12)em Error Al"7 R-VALUE R VALUE INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENT OF SPIN TARGET ENERGY THE &TARGET ENERGY THE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITY /2-I-Al27 9/2 +/ /2 -I- Bc,n(do-/dS2)em ErrorOcm (dcr/d42)cr Error ( 16 )

18 (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev Q-VALUE R-VALUE INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENT OF SPIN TARGET ENERGY THE &TARGET ENERGY THE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL (M ev)(mev) PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITY Al" /2 +Al" /2 + earn (dvds2cmdo-dszem /)Error8 m(/) Error L INCIDENT Q--VALUEQ- OF SPININCIDENT VALUE OF SPIN TARGET ENERGYTHE&TARGET ENERGYTHE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVELPARITYNUCLEUS (NIeV) LEVEL PARITY Al" /2 -f /2 + AL /2 H O. (da-/d42)7;,n ErrorOem (da-/df2) ~ Error ( 17 )

19 Jun KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA INCIDENT Q-VALUE OF SPININCIDENT Q-VALUE OF SPIN TARGET ENERGY THE &TARGET ENERGY THE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITYNUCLEUS LEVEL (MeV) PARITY Al" /2 + Al" 6.71 _O.8423/ (do-/ds2)e,n ErrorBcm(do-/dS2)cm Error INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENT OF SPIN TARGET ENERGYTHE &TARGET ENERGY THE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITY Al" /2 + Al" /2 + O.. (do /ds2)e m Errordem (do-/ds2)ern Error ( 18 )

20 (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev Q-VALUEQ---VALUE TARGETINCIDENTOF SPINTARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY &NUCLEUSENERGY (MeV) LEVEL THE PARITY & Al" /2 +Al" / /2 Ucm(do-/dS2)c,n Error cm (do-/d12),, Error < INCIDENTOF SPININCIDENT OF SPIN TARGET ENERGY THE &TARGET ENERGY THE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL I'AI2ITY.842Al"6.57 _~_0131/2Al" /2 Own (do'/dl2)c,n(/) Error~c 1do-dS2c,n Error ' ( 1.9 )

21 Jun KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA TARGET NUCLEUS Q-VALUE Q-VALUE INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENT OF SPIN ENERGY THE &TARGET ENERGY THE & (MeV) LEVEL (M PARITYNUCLEUS(MeV) LEVEL PARITY ev) (MeV) Al /2 + Al" / /2 + Oem (do-/d62)cr Error0crn(do-/d61)c,a Error TARGET NUCLEUS Q--VALUEQ-VALUE INCIDENT OFSPININCIDENT OF SPIN ENERGYTHE&TARGET ENERGY THE & (MeV) LEVELPARITYNUCLEUS (M ev)(mev) (MeV) LEVEL PARITY P /2 +P /2 + Oem(do-/d12),, ErrorOem (do /d62)ct Error ( 20 )

22 m (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev Q VALUEQ-VALUE INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENT OF SPIN TARGET ENERGY THE &TARGET ENERGYTHE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV)LEVEL PARITY.... P3' /2 +P /2 + VCm (da/df2)cm Error0(m (do-/dc2)em Error Q-V ALUEQ-V ALUE INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENT OF SPIN TARGET ENERGYTHE &TARGET ENERGYTHE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL ( PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITY MeV)(MeV) P /2 -;- P3' /2 + O,m (do-/df2)(.n ErrorOem (do-/df2)cm Error ( 21 )

23 Jun KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA Q VALUEQ-VALUE INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENT OF SPIN TARGET ENERGY THE &TARGET ENERGY THE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL (M ev)(mev) PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITY P /2 +P /2 + Oem (do-/ds1)e,,, ErrorBem(do-/dD)em Error INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENTOF SPIN TARGET ENERGYTHE &TARGET ENERGY THE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL (M ev)(mev) PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITY P /2P /2 + Oem (do-/di2)em ErrorOem (do-/ds2)muerror ( 22 )

24 (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev Q -VALUEQ-VALUE TARGET INCIDENTOFSPINTARGETINCIDENTOFSPIN ENERGYTHE&ENERGYTHE& NUCLEUSNUCLEUS (MeV)LEVELPARITY(MeV)LEVELPARITY P /2 +P /2 4- Oem(dcr/c1S2)eniErrorOem(do-/dS2)1Error in degrees in mb/ster. in mb/ster.in degrees in mb/ster. in mb/ster , TARGET Q-VALU EQ-VALUE INCIDENTOFSPINTARGETINCIDENTOFSPIN ENERGYTHE& PARITYENERGYTHE& NUCLEUS(MeV)LEVE1NUCLEUS (MeV)LEVELPARITY P /2 +P /2 -I- OC/11(doldS1),,,,ErrorOem(dcr/dS2)1.Error in degrees in mb/ster. in mb/ster.in degrees in mb/ster. in mb/ster ( 23 )

25 Q_VALUEQ-VALUE Jun KOKAME and Kiyoji FUKUNAGA Q-VALUEQ--VALUE INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENTOF SPIN TARGET ENERGY.THE &TARGETENERGY THE & NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITYNUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITY P /2 -LC13J /2 -f- 0cm (d0-/d12)e,,, ErrorO.(da-/d12)em Error INCIDENT OF SPININCIDENTOFSPIN TARGET ENERGY THE&TARGET ENERGY THE& NUCLEUS (MeV) LEVEL PARITYNUCLEUS(MeV) LEVELPARITY C C /2 + Oem(do'/d,(2),, ErrorOem(do /di2)cm Error ( 24 )

26 (p,p), (p,p') Scattering from 6 to 7.5 Mev Q VALUE TARGETINCIDENT OF SPIN NUCLEUSENERGYTHE (MeV) LEVEL PARITY & (MeV) Cl" I- OC 01(do-/dSl)c,,, Error in degrees in inb/ster. in mb/ster REFERENCES ( 1.) A. Bohr and B. R. Mottelson, "Beta- and Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy", North-Holland Publishing Co., p. 468 (1955). (2) J. Kokame, J. Phys. Soc. Japan. 16, 2101 (1961). (3) H. Taketani, "Genshikaku Kenkyu" -circular in Japan- 8, 604 (1964). (4) K. Kimura, Y. Uemura, R. Ishiwari, J. Kokame, K. Fukunaga, A. Katase, J. Muto, I. Kumabe, H. Ogata, T. Ohama and Y. Ohmori, J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 17, 9 (1962). (5) A. B. Clegg, Nuclear Physics, 38, 353 (1962); Phil. Mag. 6, 1207 (1961). (6) J. Kokame, K. Fukunaga, H. Nakamura and N. Inoue, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Japan. (7) K. Matsuda, "Proc. Internat. Conf. Nuclear Struct., Kingston, North--Holland Publishing Co., p. 228 (1960). (8) S. G. Nilsson, Danshe Vid. Selsh. Fys. Mat. Medd. 29, No. 16 (1955). (9) H. E. Gove, "Proc. Internat. Conf. Nuclear Struct., Kingston," North--Holland Publishing Co., p. 438 (1960). (10) T. Ericson, Advances in Phys. 9, 415 (1960). (D) J. Kolcame, R. Ishiwari K. Miyake, J. Muto, H. Itoh, T. Ohama, K. Ueda, S. Tahira and K. Baba, "Genshikaku Kenkyu" -circular in Japan-- 7, 73, 340 (1963). ( 25 )

Dai Ca; Takimoto, Kiyohiko.

Dai Ca; Takimoto, Kiyohiko. Title Differential and Integral Cross Sec Reactions on some Light Nuclei Yanabu, Takuji; Yamashita, Sukeaki; Author(s) Takamatsu, Kunio; Masaike, Akira; K Dai Ca; Takimoto, Kiyohiko Citation Bulletin of

More information

Title Stopping Powers of Al, Ni, Cu, Ag, Alpha Particles Author(s) Ishiwari, Ryutaro; Shiomi, Naoko; K Fumiko Citation Bulletin of the Institute for Chemi University (1977), 55(1): 68-73 Issue Date 1977-03-31

More information

in2p , version 1-28 Nov 2008

in2p , version 1-28 Nov 2008 Author manuscript, published in "Japanese French Symposium - New paradigms in Nuclear Physics, Paris : France (28)" DOI : 1.1142/S21831391444 November 23, 28 21:1 WSPC/INSTRUCTION FILE oliveira International

More information

TitleScattering Chamber for Three Body N.

TitleScattering Chamber for Three Body N. TitleScattering Chamber for Three Body N Author(s) Yanabu, Takuji; Fujita, Hirokazu; G Tatsuya Citation Bulletin of nstitute for Chemi University (1969), 47(2): 154-161 ssue Date 1969-03-31 URL http://hdl.hle.net/2433/76273

More information

(10%) (c) What other peaks can appear in the pulse-height spectrum if the detector were not small? Give a sketch and explain briefly.

(10%) (c) What other peaks can appear in the pulse-height spectrum if the detector were not small? Give a sketch and explain briefly. Sample questions for Quiz 3, 22.101 (Fall 2006) Following questions were taken from quizzes given in previous years by S. Yip. They are meant to give you an idea of the kind of questions (what was expected

More information

Title to the Late Professor Yoshiaki Uemu.

Title to the Late Professor Yoshiaki Uemu. Title Elastic Scattering of ¹⁶0 on ⁹Be (M to the Late Professor Yoshiaki Uemu Author(s) Takimoto, Kiyohiko; Fujii, Kazuo; Y Jun; Muto, Jiro Citation Bulletin of the Institute for Chemi University (1974),

More information

Lecture 14 Krane Enge Cohen Williams Nuclear Reactions Ch 11 Ch 13 Ch /2 7.5 Reaction dynamics /4 Reaction cross sections 11.

Lecture 14 Krane Enge Cohen Williams Nuclear Reactions Ch 11 Ch 13 Ch /2 7.5 Reaction dynamics /4 Reaction cross sections 11. Lecture 14 Krane Enge Cohen Williams Nuclear Reactions Ch 11 Ch 13 Ch 13 7.1/2 7.5 Reaction dynamics 11.2 13.2 7.3/4 Reaction cross sections 11.4 2.10 Reaction theories compound nucleus 11.10 13.7 13.1-3

More information

A Comparison between Channel Selections in Heavy Ion Reactions

A Comparison between Channel Selections in Heavy Ion Reactions Brazilian Journal of Physics, vol. 39, no. 1, March, 2009 55 A Comparison between Channel Selections in Heavy Ion Reactions S. Mohammadi Physics Department, Payame Noor University, Mashad 91735, IRAN (Received

More information

Theoretical Analysis of Neutron Double-Differential Cross Section of n + 19 F at 14.2 MeV

Theoretical Analysis of Neutron Double-Differential Cross Section of n + 19 F at 14.2 MeV Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China) 47 (2007) pp. 102 106 c International Academic Publishers Vol. 47, No. 1, January 15, 2007 Theoretical Analysis of Neutron Double-Differential Cross Section of n +

More information

APEX CARE INSTITUTE FOR PG - TRB, SLET AND NET IN PHYSICS

APEX CARE INSTITUTE FOR PG - TRB, SLET AND NET IN PHYSICS Page 1 1. Within the nucleus, the charge distribution A) Is constant, but falls to zero sharply at the nuclear radius B) Increases linearly from the centre, but falls off exponentially at the surface C)

More information

Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics

Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics PHY-30 Dr. E. Rizvi Lecture 4 - Detectors Binding Energy Nuclear mass MN less than sum of nucleon masses Shows nucleus is a bound (lower energy) state for this configuration

More information

PHY492: Nuclear & Particle Physics. Lecture 3 Homework 1 Nuclear Phenomenology

PHY492: Nuclear & Particle Physics. Lecture 3 Homework 1 Nuclear Phenomenology PHY49: Nuclear & Particle Physics Lecture 3 Homework 1 Nuclear Phenomenology Measuring cross sections in thin targets beam particles/s n beam m T = ρts mass of target n moles = m T A n nuclei = n moles

More information

Title Broad Range Magnetic Spectrograph. Author(s) Matsuki, Seishi; Ogino, Kouya; Saka.

Title Broad Range Magnetic Spectrograph. Author(s) Matsuki, Seishi; Ogino, Kouya; Saka. Title A Gas Target System for Nuclear Sca Broad Range Magnetic Spectrograph Author(s) Matsuki, Seishi; Ogino, Kouya; Saka Citation Bulletin of the Institute for Chemi University (1985), 63(1): 40-46 Issue

More information

Radiation Detection for the Beta- Delayed Alpha and Gamma Decay of 20 Na. Ellen Simmons

Radiation Detection for the Beta- Delayed Alpha and Gamma Decay of 20 Na. Ellen Simmons Radiation Detection for the Beta- Delayed Alpha and Gamma Decay of 20 Na Ellen Simmons 1 Contents Introduction Review of the Types of Radiation Charged Particle Radiation Detection Review of Semiconductor

More information

State the main interaction when an alpha particle is scattered by a gold nucleus

State the main interaction when an alpha particle is scattered by a gold nucleus Q1.(a) Scattering experiments are used to investigate the nuclei of gold atoms. In one experiment, alpha particles, all of the same energy (monoenergetic), are incident on a foil made from a single isotope

More information

I. 1. Nuclear Structure Study of 50 Mn by Charge-exchange (p,n) Reaction on 50 Cr

I. 1. Nuclear Structure Study of 50 Mn by Charge-exchange (p,n) Reaction on 50 Cr CYRIC Annual Report 2002 I. 1. Nuclear Structure Study of 50 Mn by Charge-exchange (p,n) Reaction on 50 Cr Kamurai G., Orihara H., Terakawa A., Yamamoto A., Suzuki H., Mizuno H., Kikuchi Y., Kumagai K.,

More information

Chapter V: Interactions of neutrons with matter

Chapter V: Interactions of neutrons with matter Chapter V: Interactions of neutrons with matter 1 Content of the chapter Introduction Interaction processes Interaction cross sections Moderation and neutrons path For more details see «Physique des Réacteurs

More information

Introduction to Nuclear Science

Introduction to Nuclear Science Introduction to Nuclear Science PIXIE-PAN Summer Science Program University of Notre Dame 2006 Tony Hyder, Professor of Physics Topics we will discuss Ground-state properties of the nucleus Radioactivity

More information

I. 2. Reduction of the Gamow-Teller Matrix Element for the β-decay in 70 Ga- 70 Zn by the 35-MeV (p,n) Reaction on 70 Zn

I. 2. Reduction of the Gamow-Teller Matrix Element for the β-decay in 70 Ga- 70 Zn by the 35-MeV (p,n) Reaction on 70 Zn CYRIC Annual Report 2003 I. 2. Reduction of the Gamow-Teller Matrix Element for the β-decay in Ga- Zn by the 35-MeV (p,n) Reaction on Zn Orihara H., Terakawa A. *, Suzuki H. *, Kikuchi Y. *, Kumagai K.

More information

Professor Yoshiaki Uemura)

Professor Yoshiaki Uemura) Elastic and Inelastic Scattering of Title⁹ºZr, ⁹¹Zr, and ⁹²Zr. (Memorial Iss Professor Yoshiaki Uemura) Author(s) Kumabe, Isao; Matobe, Masaru; Ogata Makoto; Ōkuma, Yasuhiko; Kim, Tong- Citation Bulletin

More information

SURROGATE REACTIONS. An overview of papers by Jason Burke from LLNL

SURROGATE REACTIONS. An overview of papers by Jason Burke from LLNL SURROGATE REACTIONS An overview of papers by Jason Burke from LLNL Compound Nuclear Reaction cross sections Cross sections for compound-nuclear reactions are required input for astrophysical models and

More information

UGC ACADEMY LEADING INSTITUE FOR CSIR-JRF/NET, GATE & JAM PHYSICAL SCIENCE TEST SERIES # 4. Atomic, Solid State & Nuclear + Particle

UGC ACADEMY LEADING INSTITUE FOR CSIR-JRF/NET, GATE & JAM PHYSICAL SCIENCE TEST SERIES # 4. Atomic, Solid State & Nuclear + Particle UGC ACADEMY LEADING INSTITUE FOR CSIR-JRF/NET, GATE & JAM BOOKLET CODE PH PHYSICAL SCIENCE TEST SERIES # 4 Atomic, Solid State & Nuclear + Particle SUBJECT CODE 05 Timing: 3: H M.M: 200 Instructions 1.

More information

FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS SIXTH EDITION

FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS SIXTH EDITION Halliday Resnick Walker FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS SIXTH EDITION Selected Solutions Chapter 43 43.25 43.35 43.41 43.61 43.75 25. If a nucleus contains Z protons and N neutrons, its binding energy is E be

More information

UNIQUE SCIENCE ACADEMY

UNIQUE SCIENCE ACADEMY UNIQUE SIENE EMY Test (Unit 25) Name :... Paper: Physics ate :... ode: 5054 lass: II Time llowed: 5Minutes Maximum Marks: 25 1 Theory Section: [Total 17 Marks] 1 doctor uses a radioactive isotope, iodine-11,

More information

α particles, β particles, and γ rays. Measurements of the energy of the nuclear

α particles, β particles, and γ rays. Measurements of the energy of the nuclear .101 Applied Nuclear Physics (Fall 004) Lecture (1/1/04) Nuclear ecays References: W. E. Meyerhof, Elements of Nuclear Physics (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1967), Chap 4. A nucleus in an excited state is unstable

More information

1.4 The Tools of the Trade!

1.4 The Tools of the Trade! 1.4 The Tools of the Trade! Two things are required for material analysis: excitation mechanism for originating characteristic signature (radiation) radiation detection and identification system (spectroscopy)

More information

SIMULATION OF LASER INDUCED NUCLEAR REACTIONS

SIMULATION OF LASER INDUCED NUCLEAR REACTIONS NUCLEAR PHYSICS SIMULATION OF LASER INDUCED NUCLEAR REACTIONS K. SPOHR 1, R. CHAPMAN 1, K. LEDINGHAM 2,3, P. MCKENNA 2,3 1 The Institute of Physical Research, University of Paisley, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK

More information

INTERMEDIATE RESONANCES OF NEUTRONS SCATTERED BY DEFORMED NUCLEI

INTERMEDIATE RESONANCES OF NEUTRONS SCATTERED BY DEFORMED NUCLEI IC/66/109 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS INTERMEDIATE RESONANCES OF NEUTRONS SCATTERED BY DEFORMED NUCLEI G. PISENT AND F. ZARDI 1966 PIAZZA OBERDAN TRIESTE

More information

Chapters 31 Atomic Physics

Chapters 31 Atomic Physics Chapters 31 Atomic Physics 1 Overview of Chapter 31 Early Models of the Atom The Spectrum of Atomic Hydrogen Bohr s Model of the Hydrogen Atom de Broglie Waves and the Bohr Model The Quantum Mechanical

More information

EXAMINATION QUESTIONS (6)

EXAMINATION QUESTIONS (6) 1. What is a beta-particle? A a helium nucleus B a high-energy electron C four protons D two neutrons EXAMINATION QUESTIONS (6) 2. The diagram shows part of a circuit used to switch street lamps on and

More information

α particles, β particles, and γ rays. Measurements of the energy of the nuclear

α particles, β particles, and γ rays. Measurements of the energy of the nuclear .101 Applied Nuclear Physics (Fall 006) Lecture (1/4/06) Nuclear Decays References: W. E. Meyerhof, Elements of Nuclear Physics (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1967), Chap 4. A nucleus in an excited state is unstable

More information

= : K A

= : K A Atoms and Nuclei. State two limitations of JJ Thomson s model of atom. 2. Write the SI unit for activity of a radioactive substance. 3. What observations led JJ Thomson to conclusion that all atoms have

More information

Nucleon Pair Approximation to the nuclear Shell Model

Nucleon Pair Approximation to the nuclear Shell Model Nucleon Pair Approximation to the nuclear Shell Model Yiyuan Cheng Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China RCNP, Osaka university, Japan Collaborators: Yu-Min Zhao, Akito

More information

Progress in measuring GMR in unstable nuclei: Decay detector calibration and inverse reaction experiment. J. Button, Y.-W. Lui, and D.H.

Progress in measuring GMR in unstable nuclei: Decay detector calibration and inverse reaction experiment. J. Button, Y.-W. Lui, and D.H. Progress in measuring GMR in unstable nuclei: Decay detector calibration and inverse reaction experiment J. Button, Y.-W. Lui, and D.H. Youngblood I. Introduction The Giant Monopole Resonance (GMR) is

More information

1.5. The Tools of the Trade!

1.5. The Tools of the Trade! 1.5. The Tools of the Trade! Two things are required for material analysis: excitation mechanism for originating characteristic signature (radiation) radiation detection and identification system (spectroscopy)

More information

SECTION A Quantum Physics and Atom Models

SECTION A Quantum Physics and Atom Models AP Physics Multiple Choice Practice Modern Physics SECTION A Quantum Physics and Atom Models 1. Light of a single frequency falls on a photoelectric material but no electrons are emitted. Electrons may

More information

Alpha inelastic scattering and cluster structures in 24 Mg. Takahiro KAWABATA Department of Physics, Kyoto University

Alpha inelastic scattering and cluster structures in 24 Mg. Takahiro KAWABATA Department of Physics, Kyoto University Alpha inelastic scattering and cluster structures in 24 Mg Takahiro KAWABATA Department of Physics, Kyoto University Introduction Contents Alpha cluster structure in light nuclei. Alpha condensed states.

More information

5 Atomic Physics. 1 of the isotope remains. 1 minute, 4. Atomic Physics. 1. Radioactivity 2. The nuclear atom

5 Atomic Physics. 1 of the isotope remains. 1 minute, 4. Atomic Physics. 1. Radioactivity 2. The nuclear atom 5 Atomic Physics 1. Radioactivity 2. The nuclear atom 1. In a fission reactor, which particle causes a Uranium-235 nucleus to split? A. alpha-particle B. gamma ray C. neutron D. proton 2. A radioactive

More information

Particle Interactions in Detectors

Particle Interactions in Detectors Particle Interactions in Detectors Dr Peter R Hobson C.Phys M.Inst.P. Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Brunel University, Uxbridge Peter.Hobson@brunel.ac.uk http://www.brunel.ac.uk/~eestprh/

More information

Nuclear Reactions A Z. Radioactivity, Spontaneous Decay: Nuclear Reaction, Induced Process: x + X Y + y + Q Q > 0. Exothermic Endothermic

Nuclear Reactions A Z. Radioactivity, Spontaneous Decay: Nuclear Reaction, Induced Process: x + X Y + y + Q Q > 0. Exothermic Endothermic Radioactivity, Spontaneous Decay: Nuclear Reactions A Z 4 P D+ He + Q A 4 Z 2 Q > 0 Nuclear Reaction, Induced Process: x + X Y + y + Q Q = ( m + m m m ) c 2 x X Y y Q > 0 Q < 0 Exothermic Endothermic 2

More information

PHYSICS FORM 5 PHYSICS OF THE ATOM

PHYSICS FORM 5 PHYSICS OF THE ATOM The Shell Model and The Periodic Table PHYSICS The Rutherford-Bohr model of the atom shed light on the arrangement of the periodic table of the elements. The orbits which electrons were allowed to occupy

More information

R. P. Redwine. Bates Linear Accelerator Center Laboratory for Nuclear Science Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology

R. P. Redwine. Bates Linear Accelerator Center Laboratory for Nuclear Science Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Pion Physics in the Meson Factory Era R. P. Redwine Bates Linear Accelerator Center Laboratory for Nuclear Science Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Bates Symposium 1 Meson Factories

More information

Part II Particle and Nuclear Physics Examples Sheet 4

Part II Particle and Nuclear Physics Examples Sheet 4 Part II Particle and Nuclear Physics Examples Sheet 4 T. Potter Lent/Easter Terms 018 Basic Nuclear Properties 8. (B) The Semi-Empirical mass formula (SEMF) for nuclear masses may be written in the form

More information

Introduction to Radiological Sciences Neutron Detectors. Theory of operation. Types of detectors Source calibration Survey for Dose

Introduction to Radiological Sciences Neutron Detectors. Theory of operation. Types of detectors Source calibration Survey for Dose Introduction to Radiological Sciences Neutron Detectors Neutron counting Theory of operation Slow neutrons Fast neutrons Types of detectors Source calibration Survey for Dose 2 Neutrons, what are they?

More information

Visit for more fantastic resources. AQA. A Level. A Level Physics. Particle physics (Answers) Name: Total Marks: /30

Visit   for more fantastic resources. AQA. A Level. A Level Physics. Particle physics (Answers) Name: Total Marks: /30 Visit http://www.mathsmadeeasy.co.uk/ for more fantastic resources. AQA A Level A Level Physics Particle physics (Answers) Name: Total Marks: /30 Maths Made Easy Complete Tuition Ltd 2017 1. Rutherford

More information

6 Neutrons and Neutron Interactions

6 Neutrons and Neutron Interactions 6 Neutrons and Neutron Interactions A nuclear reactor will not operate without neutrons. Neutrons induce the fission reaction, which produces the heat in CANDU reactors, and fission creates more neutrons.

More information

Lecture 4: Nuclear Energy Generation

Lecture 4: Nuclear Energy Generation Lecture 4: Nuclear Energy Generation Literature: Prialnik chapter 4.1 & 4.2!" 1 a) Some properties of atomic nuclei Let: Z = atomic number = # of protons in nucleus A = atomic mass number = # of nucleons

More information

New theoretical insights on the physics of compound nuclei from laser-nucleus reactions

New theoretical insights on the physics of compound nuclei from laser-nucleus reactions New theoretical insights on the physics of compound nuclei from laser-nucleus reactions Adriana Pálffy Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany Laser-Driven Radiation Sources for Nuclear

More information

Today, I will present the first of two lectures on neutron interactions.

Today, I will present the first of two lectures on neutron interactions. Today, I will present the first of two lectures on neutron interactions. I first need to acknowledge that these two lectures were based on lectures presented previously in Med Phys I by Dr Howell. 1 Before

More information

UNIT VIII ATOMS AND NUCLEI

UNIT VIII ATOMS AND NUCLEI UNIT VIII ATOMS AND NUCLEI Weightage Marks : 06 Alpha-particles scattering experiment, Rutherford s model of atom, Bohr Model, energy levels, Hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of Nucleus, atomic

More information

Chapter 6. Summary and Conclusions

Chapter 6. Summary and Conclusions Chapter 6 Summary and Conclusions The basic aim of the present thesis was to understand the interplay between single particle and collective degrees of freedom and underlying nuclear phenomenon in mass

More information

Introduction to Nuclear Science

Introduction to Nuclear Science Introduction to Nuclear Science PAN Summer Science Program University of Notre Dame June, 2014 Tony Hyder Professor of Physics Topics we will discuss Ground-state properties of the nucleus size, shape,

More information

ELECTRIC MONOPOLE TRANSITIONS AND STRUCTURE OF 150 Sm

ELECTRIC MONOPOLE TRANSITIONS AND STRUCTURE OF 150 Sm NUCLEAR PHYSICS ELECTRIC MONOPOLE TRANSITIONS AND STRUCTURE OF 150 Sm SOHAIR M. DIAB Faculty of Education, Phys. Dept., Ain Shams University, Cairo, Roxy, Egypt Received May 16, 2007 The contour plot of

More information

R-matrix Analysis (I)

R-matrix Analysis (I) R-matrix Analysis (I) GANIL TALENT SchoolTALENT Course 6 Theory for exploring nuclear reaction experiments GANIL 1 st -19 th July Ed Simpson University of Surrey e.simpson@surrey.ac.uk Introduction Why

More information

Measurements of liquid xenon s response to low-energy particle interactions

Measurements of liquid xenon s response to low-energy particle interactions Measurements of liquid xenon s response to low-energy particle interactions Payam Pakarha Supervised by: Prof. L. Baudis May 5, 2013 1 / 37 Outline introduction Direct Dark Matter searches XENON experiment

More information

An idea for the future proton detection of (p,2p) reactions with the R 3 B set-up at FAIR

An idea for the future proton detection of (p,2p) reactions with the R 3 B set-up at FAIR Journal of Physics: Conference Series PAPER OPEN ACCESS An idea for the future proton detection of (p,2p) reactions with the R 3 B set-up at FAIR To cite this article: G Ribeiro et al 2015 J. Phys.: Conf.

More information

C.J. Lister Argonne National Laboratory

C.J. Lister Argonne National Laboratory Physics Opportunities and Functional Requirements for Offline γ-ray spectrometers C.J. Lister Argonne National Laboratory Even at an Equipment meeting.physics First! What will we be measuring with RIA?

More information

2 Give the compound nucleus resulting from 6-MeV protons bombarding a target of. my notes in the part 3 reading room or on the WEB.

2 Give the compound nucleus resulting from 6-MeV protons bombarding a target of. my notes in the part 3 reading room or on the WEB. Lecture 15 Krane Enge Cohen Williams Reaction theories compound nucleus 11.10 13.7 13.1-3 direct reactions 11.11 13.11/12 ch 14 Admixed Wave functions residual interaction 5.1-4 Admixed Wave functions

More information

A Multi-Level Lorentzian Analysis of the Basic Structures of the Daily DJIA

A Multi-Level Lorentzian Analysis of the Basic Structures of the Daily DJIA A Multi-Level Lorentzian Analysis of the Basic Structures of the Daily DJIA Frank W. K. Firk Professor Emeritus of Physics, The Henry Koerner Center for Emeritus Faculty, Yale University, New Haven, CT

More information

More Energetics of Alpha Decay The energy released in decay, Q, is determined by the difference in mass of the parent nucleus and the decay products, which include the daughter nucleus and the particle.

More information

2/28/2016 ATOMS) ATOMS. Physics 2D. PHYS 342 Modern Physics Atom I: Rutherford Model and Bohr Model

2/28/2016 ATOMS) ATOMS. Physics 2D. PHYS 342 Modern Physics Atom I: Rutherford Model and Bohr Model PHYS 342 Modern Physics Atom I: Rutherford Model and Bohr Model Today Contents: a) Basic Properties of Atoms b) Rutherford Model and Scattering Experiments c) Bohr Model and Line Spectra Physics 2D Subfields

More information

General Physics (PHY 2140)

General Physics (PHY 2140) General Physics (PHY 2140) Lecture 19 Modern Physics Nuclear Physics Nuclear Reactions Medical Applications Radiation Detectors Chapter 29 http://www.physics.wayne.edu/~alan/2140website/main.htm 1 Lightning

More information

General Physics (PHY 2140)

General Physics (PHY 2140) General Physics (PHY 2140) Lightning Review Lecture 19 Modern Physics Nuclear Physics Nuclear Reactions Medical Applications Radiation Detectors Chapter 29 http://www.physics.wayne.edu/~alan/2140website/main.htm

More information

Nuclear Astrophysics II

Nuclear Astrophysics II Nuclear Astrophysics II Lecture 5 Fri. June 1, 2012 Prof. Shawn Bishop, Office 2013, Ex. 12437 shawn.bishop@ph.tum.de http://www.nucastro.ph.tum.de/ 1 Where to from here? We are now at a crossroads for

More information

MIDTERM 3 REVIEW SESSION. Dr. Flera Rizatdinova

MIDTERM 3 REVIEW SESSION. Dr. Flera Rizatdinova MIDTERM 3 REVIEW SESSION Dr. Flera Rizatdinova Summary of Chapter 23 Index of refraction: Angle of reflection equals angle of incidence Plane mirror: image is virtual, upright, and the same size as the

More information

CHARGED PARTICLE INTERACTIONS

CHARGED PARTICLE INTERACTIONS CHARGED PARTICLE INTERACTIONS Background Charged Particles Heavy charged particles Charged particles with Mass > m e α, proton, deuteron, heavy ion (e.g., C +, Fe + ), fission fragment, muon, etc. α is

More information

RICE UNIVERSITY GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA FROM BE 3 AND N 1^ WITH C 12. Hsin-Min Kuan A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

RICE UNIVERSITY GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA FROM BE 3 AND N 1^ WITH C 12. Hsin-Min Kuan A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE RICE UNIVERSITY GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA FROM BE 3 REACTIONS WITH C 12 AND N 1^ by Hsin-Min Kuan A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS Houston, Texas April

More information

Nuclear Spectroscopy I

Nuclear Spectroscopy I Nuclear Spectroscopy I Augusto O. Macchiavelli Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Many thanks to Rod Clark, I.Y. Lee, and Dirk Weisshaar Work supported under contract number

More information

1 (a) Sketch the electric field surrounding the gold nucleus drawn below. (3)

1 (a) Sketch the electric field surrounding the gold nucleus drawn below. (3) 1 (a) Sketch the electric field surrounding the gold nucleus drawn below. (b) The spreadsheet shown approximately models the behaviour of an alpha particle as it approaches a gold nucleus. The proton number

More information

The wavefunction ψ for an electron confined to move within a box of linear size L = m, is a standing wave as shown.

The wavefunction ψ for an electron confined to move within a box of linear size L = m, is a standing wave as shown. 1. This question is about quantum aspects of the electron. The wavefunction ψ for an electron confined to move within a box of linear size L = 1.0 10 10 m, is a standing wave as shown. State what is meant

More information

Physic 492 Lecture 16

Physic 492 Lecture 16 Physic 492 Lecture 16 Main points of last lecture: Angular momentum dependence. Structure dependence. Nuclear reactions Q-values Kinematics for two body reactions. Main points of today s lecture: Measured

More information

Proton-Scattering on (29)Si in Range Ep = MeV*

Proton-Scattering on (29)Si in Range Ep = MeV* Wright State University CORE Scholar Physics Faculty Publications Physics 7-1-1973 Proton-Scattering on (9)Si in Range Ep =.5-3.4 MeV* Joseph W. Hemsky Wright State University - Main Campus, joseph.hemsky@wright.edu

More information

Detekce a spektrometrie neutronů. neutron detection and spectroscopy

Detekce a spektrometrie neutronů. neutron detection and spectroscopy Detekce a spektrometrie neutronů neutron detection and spectroscopy 1. Slow neutrons 2. Fast neutrons 1 1. Slow neutrons neutron kinetic energy E a) charged particles are produced, protons, α particle,

More information

RADIOACTIVITY. Nature of Radioactive Emissions

RADIOACTIVITY. Nature of Radioactive Emissions 1 RADIOACTIVITY Radioactivity is the spontaneous emissions from the nucleus of certain atoms, of either alpha, beta or gamma radiation. These radiations are emitted when the nuclei of the radioactive substance

More information

Instead, the probability to find an electron is given by a 3D standing wave.

Instead, the probability to find an electron is given by a 3D standing wave. Lecture 24-1 The Hydrogen Atom According to the Uncertainty Principle, we cannot know both the position and momentum of any particle precisely at the same time. The electron in a hydrogen atom cannot orbit

More information

Bi β + Po Bismuth-214 is radioactive. It has a half-life of 20 minutes. (a) The nuclide notation for bismuth-214 is Bi.

Bi β + Po Bismuth-214 is radioactive. It has a half-life of 20 minutes. (a) The nuclide notation for bismuth-214 is Bi. 1 Bismuth-214 is radioactive. It has a half-life of 20 minutes. (a) The nuclide notation for bismuth-214 is Bi. State the composition of the nucleus of bismuth-214. [2] (b) Bismuth-214 decays by β-decay

More information

Question 1 (a) is the volume term. It reflects the nearest neighbor interactions. The binding energy is constant within it s value, so.

Question 1 (a) is the volume term. It reflects the nearest neighbor interactions. The binding energy is constant within it s value, so. Question (a) is the volume term. It reflects the nearest neighbor interactions. The binding energy is constant within it s value, so. + is the surface term. The volume term has to subtract this term since

More information

Atom Practice Test (#1) 1) What is the total number of valence electrons in an atom with the electron configuration 2-8-5? a) 2 b) 5 c) 8 d) 15

Atom Practice Test (#1) 1) What is the total number of valence electrons in an atom with the electron configuration 2-8-5? a) 2 b) 5 c) 8 d) 15 Atom Practice Test (#1) Name Multiple Choice 1 pt. each 1) What is the total number of valence electrons in an atom with the electron configuration 2-8-5? a) 2 b) 5 c) 8 d) 15 2) A Ca 2+ ion differs from

More information

Safety Co-ordinator : Patrick Walden, TRIUMF, ext : 7340

Safety Co-ordinator : Patrick Walden, TRIUMF, ext : 7340 Safety Report for experiment E1104 : Beamtime Schedule 113 16-31 July 2008 Study of halo effects in the Scattering of 11 Li with heavy targets at energies around the Coulomb Barrier Experiment Leaders

More information

Alpha Decay. Decay alpha particles are monoenergetic. Nuclides with A>150 are unstable against alpha decay. E α = Q (1-4/A)

Alpha Decay. Decay alpha particles are monoenergetic. Nuclides with A>150 are unstable against alpha decay. E α = Q (1-4/A) Alpha Decay Because the binding energy of the alpha particle is so large (28.3 MeV), it is often energetically favorable for a heavy nucleus to emit an alpha particle Nuclides with A>150 are unstable against

More information

Contents. Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition

Contents. Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition Contents Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition Notes xiii xv xvii 1 Basic Concepts 1 1.1 History 1 1.1.1 The Origins of Nuclear Physics 1 1.1.2 The Emergence of Particle Physics: the

More information

Emphasis on what happens to emitted particle (if no nuclear reaction and MEDIUM (i.e., atomic effects)

Emphasis on what happens to emitted particle (if no nuclear reaction and MEDIUM (i.e., atomic effects) LECTURE 5: INTERACTION OF RADIATION WITH MATTER All radiation is detected through its interaction with matter! INTRODUCTION: What happens when radiation passes through matter? Emphasis on what happens

More information

What is Spallation???

What is Spallation??? What is Spallation??? Definition found in Nuclear Physics Academic press: projectile (p, n, π,...) target Spallation---a type of nuclear reaction in which the high-energy level of incident particles causes

More information

Application and Validation of Event Generator in the PHITS Code for the Low-Energy Neutron-Induced Reactions

Application and Validation of Event Generator in the PHITS Code for the Low-Energy Neutron-Induced Reactions Progress in NUCLEAR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY, Vol. 2, pp.931-935 (2011) ARTICLE Application and Validation of Event Generator in the PHITS Code for the Low-Energy Neutron-Induced Reactions Yosuke IWAMOTO

More information

Author(s) Okihana, Akira; Fujiwara, Noboru; Y.

Author(s) Okihana, Akira; Fujiwara, Noboru; Y. Efficiency Calculation and Measurem TitleNeutron Counter (Commemoration Issu Professor Sakae Shimizu on the Occa Author(s) Higo, Toshiyasu; Matsuki, Seishi; I Okihana, Akira; Fujiwara, Noboru; Y Citation

More information

Nucleon Pair Approximation to the nuclear Shell Model

Nucleon Pair Approximation to the nuclear Shell Model Nucleon Pair Approximation to the nuclear Shell Model Yu-Min Zhao (Speaker: Yi-Yuan Cheng) 2 nd International Workshop & 12 th RIBF Discussion on Neutron-Proton Correlations, Hong Kong July 6-9, 2015 Outline

More information

FYS 3510 Subatomic physics with applications in astrophysics. Nuclear and Particle Physics: An Introduction

FYS 3510 Subatomic physics with applications in astrophysics. Nuclear and Particle Physics: An Introduction FYS 3510 Subatomic physics with applications in astrophysics Nuclear and Particle Physics: An Introduction Nuclear and Particle Physics: An Introduction, 2nd Edition Professor Brian Martin ISBN: 978-0-470-74275-4

More information

Atomic and nuclear physics

Atomic and nuclear physics Chapter 4 Atomic and nuclear physics INTRODUCTION: The technologies used in nuclear medicine for diagnostic imaging have evolved over the last century, starting with Röntgen s discovery of X rays and Becquerel

More information

Thursday, April 23, 15. Nuclear Physics

Thursday, April 23, 15. Nuclear Physics Nuclear Physics Some Properties of Nuclei! All nuclei are composed of protons and neutrons! Exception is ordinary hydrogen with just a proton! The atomic number, Z, equals the number of protons in the

More information

The discovery of the antiproton and other antimatter,

The discovery of the antiproton and other antimatter, 4 Antibaryons The discovery of the antiproton and other antimatter, 1955 1959 While the existence of antiparticles was established with Anderson s discovery of the positron in 1932, it was not clear in

More information

Scintillation efficiency measurement of Na recoils in NaI(Tl) below the DAMA/LIBRA energy threshold

Scintillation efficiency measurement of Na recoils in NaI(Tl) below the DAMA/LIBRA energy threshold Scintillation efficiency measurement of Na recoils in NaI(Tl) below the DAMA/LIBRA energy threshold Jingke Xu, Princeton (now @LLNL) Sept 24, 2015 2015 LowECal Workshop, Chicago, IL Outline 1. Overview

More information

General Physics (PHY 2140)

General Physics (PHY 2140) General Physics (PHY 2140) Lecture 37 Modern Physics Nuclear Physics Radioactivity Nuclear reactions http://www.physics.wayne.edu/~apetrov/phy2140/ Chapter 29 1 Lightning Review Last lecture: 1. Nuclear

More information

Precision neutron flux measurement with a neutron beam monitor

Precision neutron flux measurement with a neutron beam monitor Journal of Physics: Conference Series OPEN ACCESS Precision neutron flux measurement with a neutron beam monitor To cite this article: T Ino et al 2014 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 528 012039 View the article

More information

ICTP-IAEA Joint Workshop on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology: Medical Applications. 30 September - 4 October, 2013

ICTP-IAEA Joint Workshop on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology: Medical Applications. 30 September - 4 October, 2013 2484-11 ICTP-IAEA Joint Workshop on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology: Medical Applications 30 September - 4 October, 2013 Experimental techniques (Nuclear reaction data, estimation of uncertainties)

More information

An Introduction to. Nuclear Physics. Yatramohan Jana. Alpha Science International Ltd. Oxford, U.K.

An Introduction to. Nuclear Physics. Yatramohan Jana. Alpha Science International Ltd. Oxford, U.K. An Introduction to Nuclear Physics Yatramohan Jana Alpha Science International Ltd. Oxford, U.K. Contents Preface Acknowledgement Part-1 Introduction vii ix Chapter-1 General Survey of Nuclear Properties

More information

Spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy

Spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy Spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy Application Notes Spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy experiments were performed in an experimental station consisting of an analysis and a preparation chamber.

More information

Selected Topics in Physics a lecture course for 1st year students by W.B. von Schlippe Spring Semester 2007

Selected Topics in Physics a lecture course for 1st year students by W.B. von Schlippe Spring Semester 2007 Selected Topics in Physics a lecture course for 1st year students by W.B. von Schlippe Spring Semester 2007 Lecture 11 1.) Determination of parameters of the SEMF 2.) α decay 3.) Nuclear energy levels

More information

Nuclear and Radiation Physics

Nuclear and Radiation Physics 501503742 Nuclear and Radiation Physics Why nuclear physics? Why radiation physics? Why in Jordan? Interdisciplinary. Applied? 1 Subjects to be covered Nuclear properties. Nuclear forces. Nuclear matter.

More information

Interactions of Particulate Radiation with Matter. Purpose. Importance of particulate interactions

Interactions of Particulate Radiation with Matter. Purpose. Importance of particulate interactions Interactions of Particulate Radiation with Matter George Starkschall, Ph.D. Department of Radiation Physics U.T. M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Purpose To describe the various mechanisms by which particulate

More information

ISOSPIN RESOLVED DOUBLE PION PRODUCTION AT CELSIUS

ISOSPIN RESOLVED DOUBLE PION PRODUCTION AT CELSIUS Vol. 29 (1998) ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B No 11 ISOSPIN RESOLVED DOUBLE PION PRODUCTION AT CELSIUS M. Andersson a, Chr. Bargholtz a, E. Fumero a, K. Fransson a L. Holmberg a, K. Lindh a, L. Mårtensson a,

More information