Final Exam Review: To do well you must STUDY! Go

Transcription

1 Final Exam Review: To do well you must STUDY! Go through these problems. 1. Match each measurement description to the correct metric base unit: i)length ii)mass iii)volume iv)height a) seconds b) ounces c) inches d) gram e) liter f) cups g) meter Name Date Per 2. A scientist wants to know if decreasing the wheel size on a go-cart will change the maximum speed of the go-cart. In order to test this, the scientist tries different size wheels on the go-cart and measures its maximum speed on a lap around a test track for each different size. Which of the following choices is the independent variable? a) maximum speed of the go-cart b) weight of the person driving the go-cart c) size of the wheels on the go-cart d) experience of the driver e) amount & type of fuel in the go-cart f) road conditions on go-cart track 3. How do you know which is the independent variable in the previous question? 4. Which of the following choices is the dependent variable? a)maximum speed of the go-cart b) weight of the person driving the go-cart c)size of the wheels on the go-cart d) experience of the driver e)amount & type of fuel in the go-cart f) road conditions on go-cart track 5.How do you know which is the dependent variable in the previous question? 6. What are 4 constants (controlled variables) for the go-cart experiment described above? 7. Explain how you know which are the controlled variables in the previous question. 8. A planet moves at 15,000 km/hr. How far does it travel in 3 hours? Show all work for this problem. 9.The weight of a soccer ball is 4.5 N. What is its mass? 10.The human heart has a mass of kg. What is its weight?

2 11. Draw a force diagram for the shoe 12. Draw a force diagram for the block 13. Dr. Havener is pulling a wagon without wheels across the sidewalk. The wagon weighs 300N and the coefficient of friction is Draw a force diagram for the wagon. What is the force of friction on the wagon? 14. A penguin sliding at constant velocity on a frictionless iceberg. Sign Conventions: Force Diagram Net Force Equation(s): = Velocity Direction: = Constant Slowing Down Speeding Up

3 15. What is the net force equation (use variables, no numbers) for the elevator shown below? What is the value of the net force acting on the elevator? Describe the elevator s velocity. F T = 10,000 N F 6 = 6,000 N 16. A car that slams on its brakes as it approaches a stoplight. Sign Conventions: Force Diagram Net Force Equation(s): = Velocity Direction: = Constant Slowing Down Speeding Up 17. Name the forces acting on the basketball player as he flies through the air toward the basket. A. F g, F t, F push, B. F g C. F g, F push D. F g, F t 18. The force caused by a rope is A. tension. B. friction. C. compression. D. equilibrium. 19. Luka pushes a box across the floor in the direction shown by the arrow in the diagram to the right. The direction of the friction force acting on the box is: A. up. B. down. C. right. D. left. 20. Three forces are acting on an object as shown in the diagram. The object is not moving. Two forces are 2 newtons and 10 newtons. The third force is: A. 8 newtons. B. 10 newtons. C. 12 newtons. D. 20 newtons.

4 21. Four forces are acting on an object as shown in the diagram to the right. If the object is not moving, the missing force must be A. 0 N B. 30 N C. 40 N D. 100 N 22. Hans stands at the rim of the Grand Canyon and yodels down to the bottom. He hears his yodel echo back from the canyon floor 5.2 s later. How deep is the canyon if the speed of sound is 340 m/s? 23. Amethyst walks for 5 seconds at 1m/s away from the motion detector. She pauses for 2 seconds. She continues to walk away from the detector for 5 seconds at 2 m/s. She stops for 3 seconds. Amethyst then walks at 3 m/sec towards the motion detector for 3 seconds. Draw the motion map for Amethyst. 24. A racing car accelerates at 2 m/s/s. How far will it travel from rest in 11 seconds? 25. A car has a uniformly accelerated motion of 5 m/s2. i) What is the distance traveled in 4 seconds from rest? ii) What is the car s final velocity?

5 25. Given the X-t graph, complete the written description, v-t graph & motion map. 26. Examine the position time graph shown. Draw the appropriate velocity time graph. 27. A soccer ball is dropped from the balcony outside our classroom. Is it in free fall? Explain your reasoning. 28. A 0.5 kg snowball accelerates at 20 m/s/s as it is thrown by Yukon Cornelius at the Abominable Snowman. What is the force on the snowball during the time it is in Yukon s hand? 29. Crystal Chandelier scored the winning goal at her soccer game by kicking the soccer ball into the goal with a force of 30 N. The ball accelerates at a rate of 67 m/s/s. What is the mass of the soccer ball?

6 30. A pendulum is held up to your nose. When it is released, it swings away from your nose and then returns. 31. A Cheeto is set on fire with a lighter. The lighter is turned off while the Cheeto continues to burn itself out. 32. A small ball is stacked on top of a bigger ball. The stacked balls are released together. They hit the ground and then bounce up into the air. 33. You toss a quarter into the air from your hand. Its mass is 5.67g. Fill in the Energy Pies for the quarter at the top of its toss and right before it hits your hand: 34. If the quarter is tossed 10.0 cm from your hand into the air, how much gravitational potential energy has it gained in reaching its highest point? (hint: make sure you convert your units to kg and m)

7 35.a)Michael Jordan and Darrell Griffith are tied for the highest vertical jump with a run up start. The Eg is 1,170 J for MJ to reach the top this jump. How high is his jump(in meters) if he weighs 216 pounds? [1 kg = 2.2 lb] (3 pts) b)what is MJ s Ek right as he leaves the ground when he jumps? [you should be able to figure this out without doing any calculation] Explain why this is possible to do without doing any calculation. (2pts) c)using the Ek that you just determined, now calculate the speed of MJ right when he leaves the floor to make his jump. (3 pts) Ek = ½ mv2; Ek=1,170 J from above problem v = square root of [2E/m] v= square root of [2 x 1,170J / 98kg] v= square root of [23.9m2/s2] = 4.9 m/s 36.Miranda shoots a rubber band across the room. If the rubber band stretches 6 inches and its spring constant is 8N/m, how much energy is stored in the rubber band? [1 in = 2.54 cm] 37.Avery the 55 kg gymnast for Cirque de Soleil stands on a spring-loaded launch pad as part of a nifty act. If the spring constant is 12,500 N/m, how far should the spring be compressed to vault Avery to a height of 7.0 m? 38.Two physics students, Will N. Andable and Ben Pumpiniron, are in the weightlifting room. Will moves the 1000 N barbell 2 meters in 20 seconds; Ben moves the 1000 N barbell 2 meters in 10 seconds. Which student does the most work? Which student delivers the most power? Explain AND show calculations below for your answers.

8 39.If a motor is 75% efficient and the chemical energy input is 25,000 J, what is the output energy of the motor? 40.If a light house lamp is 55% efficient and the light energy produced is equivalent to 42,000 J, what is energy input of the lamp? 41.Label the following on the wave shown: wavelength, equilibrium, crest, trough, amplitude 42.Draw what will happen in each case: 43.How can 2 tuning forks be used to produce beats?

9 44.On the resonance pattern shown, mark off, label and measure ONE wavelength (use metrics, of course!) a)as you move to the right, frequency ( increases / decreases ). b)as you move to the right, energy ( increases / decreases ). c)as you move to the right, wavelength ( increases / decreases ). d)wavelength is ( inversely / directly ) related to frequency. e)energy is ( inversely / directly ) related to frequency. f)energy is ( inversely / directly ) related to wavelength. g)as the energy of a wave increases, its ability to penetrate shields ( increases / decreases ). Be sure you can solve wave equations (like the Wave Equations WS)! 46.Be prepared to graph data and determine the slope and meaning of the resulting line. 47.Be prepared to do a goal-less problem, similar to what we did in class. You will be able to use your score on the goal-less problem to raise your Final grade up to a ½ letter grade, depending upon your rubric score for this. See the rubric for this handed out in class. This is your chance to show me how much physics you really learned this year!