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1 Sfz Np f IT E-mgz I M Wc H Np G Tf Au D Rc Ic Cm Swc Sv Jb

2 F u pg Suy Ab F g uvy f yu UK/USA Au Sfwc Cg b pp w Ucmpu Euc Nwk p u u f c g uv UK, USA Au, c v ppc. Ucmpu Euc Nwk b c 2001 A.D. g g y f c pg u g b f g u. F vc pv Sfwc Cg u f Fg g uvy f u pg ppy f c f. Uvy Am Pc Guc v pcg T Pp c f TOEFL/IELTS. Fmy kw Sfwc Cmpy Sc 2001 Puk Cwk Kmu, Np E: f@ucmpu.u.p g]kf ;/f/ ziff Gqff6 :jl[ k fk...bug ug fm cgy

3 CONTENT Scp f IT Np Tc Rvw 6 Amz K Tuc Rvw Ivw 8 Dwk Svc 10 Pubc R Dc f Wk(M.Pw Sg Sy) 12 Qu-Aw w H Tc Rvw 14 Pucwk I F Tc vw y A I M Wc L f Sv Jb bgpy 20 D Rc Gm Rvw 22 G Tf Au 4 24 Iuc Rg P Cu 25 F py: Ry Bc Cmp, Dg

4 4 b u C E : Sfz y B, MD v A S, Dc Bgy S c ub Tp, D mm C m A m m bcm uy If v w B y f w c E, C c v, IT u b E f w b f p C Pu ) W cg gg. Su y m, S cm u Cub T Pm v f c E c k ( c u y. W mc p b p uy IT cc cg k u k ju u y. k K w E B c u g ub c b g p T cmm c C T ) w Ab v -E (Sfz wu Np I I ub) ) g C Cub C mgz pm. T w mgz v g E ( p E ) b R w IT v (, bu vp p c B wu Cu py c Sfw vu wc u v k f Yg m T ( E Cub) u u m u, pp, w w Acy Mj ( E ) W E cmg p b m u T C I u v M E u. I Hv J Wb D M b Ju f v c T M (, Mu IT I B g Np z f G w P Bk g k m, Nw cu vw v, Offc up mk mm c c Bk K u, w v f g. C mm C c u P g c c E I &. Ab R M g f IT IT M m wc Np u. W c x O p k Np p N C f, f B u y c m IT Cm p x m cu w f c 1 u S fc w k cmm, K 2566 m g u y bz 1577, 44 D m w f u c 44 u IT cmm W w pub P: 4. f E m vu ff v f IT g pv p m ugg cmm. y g cc u f P g m P c C c Sfw E-cmm IT C Sfz 2012

5 5 Scp f IT Np Yg B W wkg w I cm cu m f c by kg bu gm v v m wc c m u fc k ucmm gpc umc 3D cgy. Gmg, bg p f IT, f mgm u f fm f cmpu b. B w w fw c b cu p f IT wc my fcu bu p cfc p. IT u u vy c f bu. W, u cuy p ug cm g bu gwg f cmpu fw g cu b gc. Ifm cgy g cp f vpg cu f yug g c pv c v f u cuy vpm ff. Ay, w p y bc cmpu kwg, c b uc p. Bu uy, ucmm m 21 cuy kw w u cmpu. Abu f ppu f Np c f yu yu pm gm m fuu f y cuy. W mg b g kw m f yu v w g um f pg f. Hw, fw pgmmg, gpc, wb gg wkg m f w f f IT. Fw y bck, my u fy u f cuy kg cu bu wy my u v cg v b pvg IT Cu. Ukg f cu qu muc cp m m g cv gg uyg mc. Ifm cgy g cp vpg cu. Aug f cy u cuy, umb f u ubjc Hug. Sc IT w f u cuy, umb f k mpw f bu cg guy. T my jb ppu bu ug IT pf. T my c wc IT pf c g vv w. S/ c b pgmm, ym y, IT mg, wkg cc. A, my fw cmp b Np umb cg uuc jb ppu cg. Ukg IT wk f y cmpy b US by g f f cmpu Np up ym! Sfz 2012

6 6 Gg f u Amz K Tuc Rvw Ab Bk K Iuc Auc Spmb 28 y, K Tuc -bk. T w v w uuby fu-c, mum b K F wc cug f u g pcg f. Bu Amz c fm y wu cu mk w Bk u -Ik py. Tu, K fu g K uc b w uc v w. K Tuc w uc w w v w W-F ($99 -upp, $139 ) W-F/3G ccvy ($149 -upp, $189 ). T 3G c b u cc K, cc Wkp w bk, w ufg Expm w bw qu W-F. K uc K fu g b mk u f 6-c E- Ik py bu K uc u uc f vg w K fu g mk u f bu. Rvw I mu b K uc m py c uc -k vc mk. T g pf cmp y uc puc g m g: B & Nb' Nk, Kb Sy. Acc- g cmpy, w "wg g uc g." Tug m m u, k w w ww. Amz uuby mk f -. Bu Nk Smp uc b b - mk u uc f K uc. I vw, w w k f K Tuc c Nk Smp Tuc b - u. Hw Amz m v v f m gg K Tuc. I y ccg K g. Bu ccg mz, g K uc uc wy c yu g yu v c.. Bu b f, g g ug. T vc mk u f g m c wc fu z b. T y bu p fm m bu, Pw bu wc u bm f vc. O f f pw bu mc-usb p - Sfz 2012

7 Gg f u 7 p jck. T vc c f MP3 py x--pc fucy cpby py u bk. O bm f vc, w pk g c wc c u. I bw w g, w m b u pw Amz gg cv. T m f K Tuc : 6.8 x 4.7 x 0.40 c bu uc f, wgg 7.5 uc ( 3G v wg 7.8). T bz p wg fc f u f cpcv v c. Bu u vg xcp f m bu wc k f I m cc. T vc c b g wc qu pg. T my u g-wg f vc. T uc y f pck f p wc vy cv c b c y. I b Nk uc -Bk bu, z m b m. A uu, Amz c muc bu pc. T cmpy gv, "A m f cmpy pcy w ' c f u v/p". Bu gg m b py y -Bk mk. 4GB f g vb vc. A wy, mcsd b. Bu y, g u' b cy f m u cc. I m cpcy f "up " 3,000 bk. Smy, yu c yu c cu. Tug, xp wu v b y y, I k mmy b u uffc m pp. Dpy T c pc : 600 x 800 u, 16-v gy c P E Ik -- m K 3 4. ' cp y y cp puc. T cy vc f yu f yu w p f m g. T pg u -p w, w fckg fu-pg f vy x pg. Mu uc upp b pv K uc wc cm b vy y pcy w bwg ug PDF. Typg vu kyb b mpv. I' mpfc. T' b g vy w bu w py k. O f m g fu cg ff uc c ffy w g, vg qu f c pgg fw w p y f mg pgg bck. T g v mjy f m yu' gg b fppg fw. T vy b cg f I m cc. Sfw Ag gg bk. Ju cg w ucg f c gg w fm, gg c T vc c b g wc qu pg. T my u g-wg f vc. b. T m wy u w w fcbk w. Lg pg g w w up f/mg f w. Tp p f c g m p, c mu bu m c, pu fu p bm. T f c ypfc f z; c yu kp g f bk, p -bw; m bk, bu mp Syc p f yu cu puc pg. Bu m bk, w y X-Ry. T w fu m c upcg cxu c fuc, bgg up f ky m bk g w bc-y mg f bu ugu x. X-Ry' cc f wc m xc m m, bu cuy wk qu w. Tp cc ccp g bf Wkp uc, qu fm x k u fu Wkp c. Yu c f u by pg, cp bk, p m bw pp vguy-w 'Tm'. X-Ry u pv pcuy ufu f u bu, mm, ' wy wc bk v fu wc ', v p f puc. Vc T K uc py ccmp -Bk. I u bv uc -Bk mk. Y, m fu u X-Ry fu. I m b k fu. Smy, ub mz b bgg cc f -Bk u. I c-ym f b y f -R cmp. T Nk uc cm f m pc K uc (-upp v). Bu, I cmm K uc f yu kg f buyg -R. I m b b w f fu wu y mk w xpc f ug -R vy cmfb. Sfz 2012

8 8 Ivw Dwk Svc Ab Bk K/Yg B Bf Iuc f Dwk- Sv: Dwk Ic. b Lxg, B,U S f Amc. Dwk Svc uby f Dwk Ic. I ff cmpy wc wk w US c. Cmpy Pf Dwk Svc w b 2009, Augu bcm uby Mc, Numb f mpy Dwk Svc u 120. W k f cgy Dwk wk? Ruby, Jv, D, Pp m my g cgy w w cmpy. Bu mk my b USA wkg f Np w. W fuu p f Dwk Svc? O f m m f Dwk Svc v 1000 mpy ffc Np. T c w Dwk Euc wc y w gw g vy g m 1000 pp m. Wy Dwk v Np? T m w, D.RuPy Np. Cmpv vg v m w Np bu w y ccp fc Eg y g p w y wu g b y c ck f umb pbm. W yp f cmpy? I my ff cmpy f USA ffc. Bu m uucg. Tkg bu pf w wk f cmpy, cp ug. I vy f g IT pf Np. Sfz 2012

9 Ivw 9 W k f c yu v? Cb b m w Kmu M Cg. Bu m c US b. M Np f c f Dwk Svc. Hw mk Np f IT? T mk vy c w. Evyg yu c cm up wu b m bu, pcy bg pbm. T vy fw pp Np w f y buy fw. Ev bg cmp u p fw. S mk my f cumz. Evy cmpy w k f. S f m c wk ccg qum vy g mk. W cp f IT Np? T cp u b vw w wy, pf Epu. Tkg bu pf w wk f cmpy, cp ug. I vy f g IT pf Np. S g yu g IT pf bg cp. Bu f Epu, yu b f uck. T pbm f pcy pp v g u xg fw. Pp k cumz. If yu b bu mg c gz qu g cc yu fw w b ucc. Bu yu v b b m qum. Hw g Np Euc c f IT? I g ug. T c gp p vyw. Euc vy m. T uc m c pcc. T c p g bu c ck f pcc xpc. T ck f kwg f w p fw bu. T w uy wk. T ccp f uy cmc pp. H k ug u bu f k wc u b y f wkg uy. T w uc g b. T u v f wg CV. D yu pv p? Y, w k fm m cg. W k m fm KU, Pucwk w pv g u f DWIT. Hw ug? Ty pu w c. I cu b mg f c. I jb g b w. A p? Y, y. Tkg bu pw c Np, I g pbm? Of cu pbm. Bu g pc w v v u ffc c u ccy pbm. T v b pbm c m. T pbm w fu g w. W k f pbm yu fc w bg Dwk Svc? W gg cmpy w k my u f Gvm ffc. I wu v b vy pfu f f wu b ww ym. T w bg pbm. Bu gy pkg b f. Wy IT pf Np gg b f kg jb? I ju bu IT. Pp fm f gg b k jb. Lck f by m b cmg f IT uy f. Bu IT uy f gw u f f ck f mpw mpw f g kg ck f jb. W yg v pbm by g w w u pp cmpy. T ju u f mb w w g uck 1000 pp mk. Bu c w xmp u w fw w bu b u pp cmp w. By g u pbm w yg v cck gg pbm. T fy mk vy u p fg bu ck f jb ck f mpw. W yu vc w w g b? I b qu m m I v wkg I v v g my c y bck Np g b kg jb. Ev w kg my m, f cmpg bc gg USA yu cu u $5000 m 4 y m yu cu b g $1000-$2000 p m yg Np. A yu w v m yg Np w b c yu f v. S, pcg w g b I k y vg jb yg bck Np ju g p f b yu wu b c yu w cuy g mg f bf f w. Bu p p cc. Myb, 5 y yg Np w p, bu fy p w. Wy IT cmp b Kmu v ug IT Pk u Duk? Ifucu. I bgg w y cc bu f b m cc pbm b v. I cc w pbm bgg bu b w. Bu v mpw c Kmu pp cm Kmu kg IT cmp u f cmp f f bg w. Wy fm c IT c? I y upg. I u g. M f fm c mc c. F fm jb m b ffcu u cy. My f p m b pbm bu IT ffc jb y vy upg fm c IT c. Myb wkg u cu b pbmc. A my, vy fw fm puu fu u c f pc. Hw g k f gu b pp IT pf? Np IT pf v g k bu g b f k pm. S bu p k bu y. Sfz 2012

10 10 Ivw M. Pw Sg Sy) Pubc R Dc f Wk S Pu/Mm Mj W k f u wk? Bcy, Wk ISP(I Svc Pv).I pv vc cum. Wk wkg u w c: I Svc Pv Nwk Svc Pv W umb f cum y? W v vy k f m 20,000 cum ppxmy. W k f cp wk v Np w mpc w mk upcmg g? T v ffc bw Wk y wk 16 y g. Pp u wk fx, p c. Mb w pb f c f m. Wk fy vc fm -m. Jufyg -m m w vy jb. Wk m w m pp bu v mp g bu. Ty u k mg y cv v -m cv ug v v y cuy. T pv y vy w v f w bu. Mv, cmpu c m w ffb. Bu y cx cum c u. Ty c u w w. Evyg y bcm IT b. Evyg b cgy. S, I vy B cp w upcmg fuu. W m v wk fcy? I w m w w g. O cgy wg vy mm cmpu ffb yw wy. T vby f wk vc wc vb y cmpu pp bu mb p. S, m cg y by y. W k f mpw cmpy k? Wk mpy cgy b cmpy. Bu gvg fcu y cgy ug. Cmpy gv m. Bcy, w v v u cmpy w p. Ty : Tcc Am Tcc cu mpw k wk m, cuy mg, my m. W upp f cum. S, m wy m cum. I k mpy fm u w cuy. A y fg? I c m w k ugg f fg bu w cy mpy m. Ay qum f cmpy fuf fm c v. W v f cum fc? I m. O mg b f w fc I m f w. Bu wy u cum cg u vpm p ug my, I k y f I m. Sfz 2012

11 Ivw 11 W fuu p? Tkg bu pf w wk f cmpy, cp ug. I vy f g IT pf Np. W yg mkg u ff k fcy vy p f u vy ffb pc by y ggpc cmc b. Wk b pvg vc ff c f Np. W ff bw vc pv Kmu u p f Np? T y uc ffc bw quy f wk w pv y pc f Cuy. T m bw f wk w uppy wc w g. Nw, I w k m bu ub. M f cg v fp ub. F xmp: w c k bu fb pc wc vy b vc. I ub w pv ug fb pc. Bu, c f u, w c k cb pc.i w v pv u vc ug w cg. Mv, w cg u, p b m my pc wc g uc f u. Ou cu pv u vc m pc w pv Kmu. Bu u m pbm w bg b cv u g. W w cmpc Wk fc fm bm y? Pvuy, pp u u cmpu p f bby. Sm pp u cmpu pcm f ypw b g. M f pp w cmpu. W upp cum fm bc v vc v. Bu w pp vy muc w bu cg. If y pbm, y y v u by mv. Ty cu w u y f pbm c fm ff. Cmpu cy cy c. S b y y f u. Hw my yp f cg w u ug 16 y? Dug bm p, -up ym w u. I 2000B.S, gu w u. I w uz by Np Tcm Auy.I b p w ug VSAT. VSAT b ym. Af w g c w w w u. I k ym f VSAT v f Np I. Lkw, cmp f Np ug VSAT. Af ug VSAT ym f bu 6 y, Np cm pm u u fb. Ly, w ug m cgy. I fuu, w pg u FTH(Fb Hm) cgy. W cgy w b u w FTH cgy pb. W mpc wk cmp mkg cmy f Np? I pf yg Nwk cmp mkg vg mpc u cuy. I k y fu uy b gg pc u cuy. T c m bu ffc m v GDP f Np by cgy cmmuc. Bu u v GDP vy muc ffc by GDP f vp cu. Nw, m k cx f u cuy. I b cy cy pv mpym pp. Tkg bu u cmpy, w w b, w w y 5 f u. Nw, Wk fmy c 600 w gg c mpym. Pp wkg cyb cf gg mpym u wc w c c mpym. B, w py 6% f u vu gvm wc u mj cbu. W bu cmp py y x f pf, w py y x f u pf bu 6%f u vu.4% f 6% f u vu f u cbu g gvm fm f gvm yy 2% RTDF(Ru Tcm Dvpm Fu).Bu b y c m gg w pcu mu f pf mkg v cmy f Np. Sfz 2012

12 12 Ivw Qu-Aw w H Ab Bk K W w b? H w ccv umm f 2010 umm w p gzg, cug, cg w wb w pv b. T cmpy w ffcy g Augu 2010 wb w v p pubc m m. W fu? H fu fu - Aky- Sp, Km Sm, Tm Hcck, B Sm. W w m b g? W g f kg f bg m bck fm b w kg c wy f pp Np g g muc f w k f g. W ppg bcm vyy g my cu, m ufu fucu ccmm pp Np b f u H w fm f gp. H ff bg cc Np w f ppg. Hw my mpy v? W v 10 mpy Np 3 mpy F. W k f mpy cu? H vg -up b u f Kmu. Ou wk vm fu fxb w uy fcu xcc cum ucc. Ou gwg cmpy ff f ppu f yp, fmv, -m - vu. W fv yug, gc c vvy pp. Hw cy u ' bu? H uppy c cc Np w f O Sppg. Ou vc w pp Np buy g fm U.S., py w Np up ( US ). W p g Kmu & py cum V.A.T. f yu - pckg c b ck ug u wb. W ppg bcm vyy g my cu, m ufu fucu ccmm pp Np b f u H w fm f gp. Ou vc f, fu wy jy mu c f g vb U.S. mkpc g fm yu cmpu. Yu c buy fm ppu U.S. wb, fm By Buy I Nw v fm U.S. w. W fbck fm u f ' vc? W muc vg muc f u vc gw fm w f mu. Fbck u vc b vy pv yu c fm vw p://.cm/vw, m p://.cm/m, p cvg p://.cm/p. Ou cg m m v f vc u bu gw. W m f? H g Np Bgg Sc c w w y Np p fm y U S, Eup, Hg Kg py w Np up. Sfz 2012

13 Ivw 13 W g/m f? Ou g p up w f ppg vy Np pv bgg c f g, cp pc, f cum vc cuy. H b b cv ' g y? Ou g w b u w pp c w up w f k w v b uccfu w. W w fcug gw. W pbm w w g up? Ou bgg cg w bg u w Np cmmuy c w up ppg qu pym upf. A f pp w w w wu k my v! T w bu gv c w my pp Np w pcp bgg. W gvm pfu? Ufuy u gvm pfu w up v w cgy cmp. T c c cgy fw c u b bg cmy gw g cuy k Np w m uc. I gvm wu u g H.cm vg u g H D Cm, qu ppv f vg cc cp, c u gg vc umbg. I c I v c up U S w ym up mk up y pc c gvm u mp f cmy fu c fcu up ucc f wyg bu buucc. I Np y ucc w cm p f gvm bcu f. Hw muc f c g? W ' v my ccy u bcu w v bckup pw uppy pw w ffc. W v pc fm Amz cum fm fy bck up cu w b wk w pp p mpy w v mk u bu pp cu b pb wk c g v w g b. Of cu, w w f u cum 24/7 pw y cu p ym ju w pw! W fuu p f? W wkg xpg u vc c f Np b Kmu. W wu k c fg p cum w w IKEA fuu buky m. H m w vc w u cum v w US cv m pckg p (. cm/m). W cy uc p pp vc (.cm/ pp) - w w g buy pc m vb. Hw g mk Np? Sc fw puc mufcu Np m vyg pp cum b mp - H m pv bgg c f g mp cp pc w k Np g mk f bu mp g. Hw muc ppg Np? W v g c ppg fm 2010, Np w f, fx pc ppg p g b bgg bgg. H f ppg Np c fw y? T f ppg c Np bcm m w f ug c f g ff ww. If y, w wu yu um cu b b? Gb b w, w, u, ug c cp f pc cbug fc f c ppg. Sfz 2012

14 14 Pucwk I F Bk B Mmb f IT cub f Sfwc Cg f IT E-Cmmc pcp Pucwk IT cfc 2011gz by SOCIT Iv (Su f Cmpu f IT Iv c w Mcf Su P Cmmuy f Pucwk Cmpu. T v w gz 24 Dcmb ( 9Pu 2068) Pucwk Cmpu vu. T fv m v - IT cfc, Pp Cmp Mcf I F. IT Cfc Pucwk IT cfc w g f IT u IT u. T cfc fu pf xpc pk fm Np Ifm Tcgy w p. T m fu f cfc w pk p k bu ff ubjc. Tpc cu g w pcv pk fw. Rk Ay C Em Sfw Egg - DpKk, fw g Wb Tcgy c vpm - D. AmSky, pf IOE Pucwk Cmpu Op Suc ppy mvm Np- SubPg- cv mmb f F Op Suc Sfw (FOSS) Op D mb uc Nwkg - Pw GIS Appc -MuS Pp Cmp Pp Cmp w p gpc gg cmp w y w w pcp. T m m f cmp w cck p gg by f cmp y g m w 1 u 30 mu. Pcp w gv 30 m p m fm pp g. T w- STp.w w w kyw mu w g Tm: Abc T: Dmy Ey I F T v w gz by Mcf Su P cmmuy f IOE Pucwk Cmpu. T cmmuy ff gu Mcf puc k Ww 7 pf, SQL v, Mcf Vu Su, Ww 8 vp pvw f u w bug pp w m 5 ICT Bg xp/ TPLk ICT bg T ff f 'ICT If-Tc: Bg Exp 2012' w fm J 5-9, 2012 BkuMp, Exb H, Kmu.T xp m 80 b c w IT. TPk w m p f xp. T m m f v w m w b f ICT cg by wcg f b f ICT puc. T v w gz by Ifm Cmmuc Tcgy Ac f Np. T v f fv y fu 144 wcg vu ICT puc fm v 50 b kw Ac, Bg, C, Cmp1, Lv, Mcf,c. T v w ugu by B Rj Ak Gp f Tm, Su, w p SLC xm p bg p. Accg SgDv- Lk p f ICT Ac f Np, m m f v wc vpm ICT c.au 200,000 v v xp. Sfz 2012

15 Tc vw y A 4.0 Acyum Rj Tpy A OS wy b g mb pg ym bu w mk w v mzg? A 4.0 Ic Cm Swc (ICS) bg umb f w fu cpb v f A OS wc cu c vv w UI, pwfu vc pu g, bm f NFC-b g, fc uck my m. W w u fc g u py w f m fbck, ICS mk yu c m g ggg. Vu bu ym b yu vg w mp, uv gu. T bu p c pp bu c b mm f fu-c vwg. Mu-kg wy b g vg w v, b m v fy. T c k vu bu yu vg ug umb f cuy ug pp jump pcu pp w mp uc. Nw m c f w yu gup m pp, mk fv pp w pp w yu c g pp g fm bu u-. ICS bu cumz yu c yu cumz wg wy yu w ; mb v ppc c, cck m, vw c f mg fp ug c. Yu c z wg w m c k v pc. T w ck c m ju wg c uckg vc; yu c w cc cm cy fm ck c pu w fc ww cck f w fc muc c. W pw w vc pu g yu c g p mcp xpc w cuu vc pu umb f upp gug. T w cm pp yu k g pcu umb f m cpu yu pcu mm. Yu c k fu v u p w g v ju by pg c. ICS w yu mg yu mg gy v pcu w pwfu p. ICS ff v v fmg ffc pwfu wb bw w up WbK V8 Ckf cmp g f JvScp. I V8 bcmk u, A 4.0 bw w 220% mpvm v A 2.3 bw. I ppc v v fw, A 4.0 ff A Bm f NFC-b g fc uck. S mum c k pcu, muc, v, c. w mp uc f w NFC b vc wu vg cfgu y g pp v pg vc f m. Appc c b bu A Bm yp f c uc g mu-py gm, c v m. Yu vc m cu p w A 4.0 Fc Uck. Yu c w u yu fc uck c; ju g yu fc ug up u uck yu vc. A w ppc cmmuc g W-F c wc w yu cc by vc v W-F f m b g-p cmmuc. Sfz 2012

16 16 Tc vw y 2011 I M Wc Acyum Rj Tpy 2012 vy g y w umb f gg vvg c mk f wc cu I m Wc. W mg b R, I m I M Wc f m wc wc u cumz v f A bg f fu. I m wc pck w IMX233 pc cc yu c- p ug Bu. I cmpb w my f y ppu mp mb pg ym k A, Symb, Bckby, B(Smug), OS, Ww P. I m wc uc f v cpcv uc c cuv ufc w u f 240X240 px w 220 pp f px y. I 4GB f pc f v cm w mmy v f 64MB 128MB w 128MB v ff mgm ccm. Mkg wg c b m y w bu mcp, pk 3.5 mm cc p f p, cc pw mjck. Sfz 2012

17 Tc vw y I m wc w yu mk/ w c, bw ug yu mg c f v muc w ju uc. I w pp mk c I mk w u f pp my m cm. I M Wc I cuy bg pp ff y fm. Sfz 2012

18 18 L f y 2011 f Tug, 2011 my vv uc Ifm Tcgy (IT) mk, w b my mmb f f w g pp: Sv Jb D Rc. D Rc, w fu f pgmmg gug C p w g Ux ug pgmmg gug C. W,Sv Jb g w Sv Wzk fu App. T w fv b m by vy w cmpu. I c w v pv bgpy f Sv Jb D Rc bu g m. Ab Bk K Sv Jb bgpy Syp Sv Jb w b Fbuy 24, 1955, w Uvy f Wc gu u w gv m up f p. Sm bu c, Jb xpm w ff puu bf g App Cmpu w Sp Wzk Jb' fmy gg. App' vuy puc, wc cu P, P P, w cg mk. Ey Lf Sv Pu Jb w b Fbuy 24, 1955, J Smp Abuf "J" J, w Uvy f Wc gu u w gv um up f p. H f, AbufJ, w Sy pc cc pf m, J Smp, wk pc p. Sy f Sv w pc f p, bgc p m c, M Smp. I w u Jb w 27 w b ucv fm bgc p. A f, Sv w p by C Pu Jb m Sv Pu Jb. C wk ccu Pu w C Gu v mc. T fmy v Mu Vw w Cf' Sc Vy. A by, Jb f wu wk cc fmy gg. Pu wu w w k p cuc cc, bby wc cfc, cy, mcc pw yug Jb. W Jb wy b g vv k, yu w w fu v fm cg. I my c w pk w fu g c bb m uy. Jb w, wv, m w kp m g c pp p c. Af g c, Jb p f m Hw- Pck. I w bf cmpu cub guu Sv Wzk. Wzk w b cmpu g, w vp g pc f. App Cmpu Af g c, Jb R Cg P, Og. Lckg c, pp u f cg f x m p x 18 m ppg cv c. Jb cu w cu cgpy vp v f ypgpy. I 1974, Jb k p v gm g w A. Sv m f A f pu gm I, vg c xpmg w pycc ug. I 1976, w Jb w ju 21, Wzk App Cmpu. T u Jb fmy gg, fu pu vu f Jb Vkwg bu Wzk bv cfc ccu. Jb Wzk c w vuzg cmpu uy by mczg cgy mkg mc m, cp, uv, ccb vyy cum. T w ccv f u-fy p cmpu y y mk f $ c. T f m, App I, m $774,000. T y f f c m, App II, c 700 pc $139 m. I 1980, App Cmpu bcm pubcy cmpy w mk vu f $1.2 b vy f y f g.jb k mkg xp J Scuy f Pp-C p f f App' P. Dpu fm App Hwv, x v puc fm App uff gfc g fw ug c cum ppm. IBM uy up App, App cmp w IBM/PC m bu w. I 1984 App Mc, mkg cmpu pc f cu cuu fy: mc, yufu, cv. Bu p pv pfmc up IBM' PC, Mc w IBM cmpb. Scuy bv Jb w ug App, xcuv bg p m u. Sfz 2012

19 L f y I 1985, Jb g App' CEO bg w w fw cmpy c NXT, Ic. T fwg y Jb puc m cmpy fm Gg Luc, wc bcm Px Am Su. Bvg Px' p, Jb y v $50 m f w my cmpy. Px Su w puc wy ppu m fm uc Ty Sy, Fg Nm T Icb. Px' fm v $4 b. T u mg w W Dy 2006, mkg Sv Jb Dy' g. Rvg App Dp Px' ucc, NXT, Ic. fu mp pcz pg ym mm Amc. App vuy bug cmpy 1997 f $429 m. T m y, Jb u p App' CEO. Muc k Sv Jb g App' ucc 1970, c w vzg cmpy W w mgm m, ck p, f-mp u y f $1 y, Jb pu App bck ck. H gu puc uc Mc, ffcv bg cmpg, y g cug f cum c g. Pcc Cc I 2003, Jb cv uc um, bu pb fm f pcc cc. I f mmy pg f ugy, Jb c pcvg w wgg E m p. F m Jb pp ugy, mkg App' b f c vu. Excuv f wu pu ck f w g u CEO w. Bu, Jb' cfy k pcc v cu. I 2004, uccfu ugy mv pcc um. Tu fm, ubqu y Jb c bu. Rc Iv App uc uc vuy puc Mcbk A, P, P, f wc v c vu f m cgy. Am mmy f App w puc, cmp cmb puc cmpb cg. I 2007, App' quy p w cmpy' m mpv c. Sck w w c-bkg $199.99, cmpy b ggg $1.58 b pf, $18 b upu bk, z b. I 2008, Tu bcm c bgg muc Amc-c y W-M. Hf f App' cu vu cm fm Tu P, w 200 m P x b g w. F, App b N. 1 Amc' M Am Cmp, N. 1 mg Fu 500 cmp f u. P Lf Ey 2009, p ccu bu Jb' wg, m pcg u u, wc cu v p. Jb p cc by g w g w m mbc. Af y y u f pg, Sv Jb v ky v-y App v Spmb 9, I pc p f, Sv Jb m pv m w y c fm bu fmy. W kw Jb f ug w gf CB w w 23. Jb py f ug L cu cum, cmg w. Jb p w ug u w 7 bu, w w g, cm v w f. I y 1990, Jb m Lu Pw Sf bu c, w Pw w MBA u. Ty m Mc 18, 1991, v g P A, Cf, w c. F Y O Ocb 5, 2011, App Ic. uc c-fu Sv Jb. H w 56 y m f. Sfz 2012

20 20 L f y 2011 D Rc Ab Bk K D McA Rc (b 1941) b kw f wk cmpu gug pg ym ALTRAN, B, BCPL, C, Muc, pcy Ux. F m w u cmpu uy, pfu fuc cmpu pgmmg w. H Iv' Bu Dy, "I' cu pgmmg ' g. Bu ' w yu c ccmp w u mp." A f c, Rc mp ffc m, f, cmpu u y. Ey Fc w Hv' Uvc I Rc w b Spmb 9, 1941, Bx-v, Nw Yk. H w b A Rc, wcg ym g f B Lb, J McG Rc, mmk. Rc gw up Nw Jy, f c wc vy w cmcy, w Hv Uvy. T u cc gu w bc' g pyc. W w gg c, Rc pp g cu bu w Hv' cmpu ym, Uvc I, wk. H w fc by w w f u m. Ou f Hv u, Rc bg xp cmpu m ugy, w pcy w y w pgmm. W Hv, Rc g jb wkg Mcu Iu f Tcgy (MIT). A m cmpu pgmmg w g, cmpu b w kg f y w p p cmpu. Rc, w ufggg cuy, m pfc f jb. Rc wk MIT f my y pg vp, g c, m vc cmpu ym fw. Bg Wk Opg Sym H bg wk vpg pg ym f m pb cmpu. M cmpu m k up m m - cc, bu m kp cmpu w bg vp, v y u pg ym. Rc c w. MIT, Hyw, G Ecc g, m pjc. O c fm cg pv cmp cm p bu ym, w b Sfz 2012

21 L f y up u u c cu b u 24 u y. Rc v w pgmmg pbm bu puzz b v. Af pjc w f, ju bu m gu, Rc m cmpu, pyc, wu b c. H g jb B Lb, w f wk f y. A m, 1967, w ' pmy p pv, f b b w, w pb f vpg mupcy f cc vc, fm w wcg vc, w w cmpu vc. Rc Iv' Bu Dy, "I f fcug pcfc pjc, I w b u pp w f xpc. S I wkg vu pjc my wy u pf." Bu Ux Fuf Cmpu N Rc bg wkg w K Tmp, w j B Lb B m b wcg w mcmpu w bcmg m m ppu y W w, y ug, w mp m fb c bw vu cmpu. I k m m cm up w u, bu w y w f y w Ux pg ym. A pg ym cy f u cpy,,, p f. I w p mv u fm k c p bck k f g. Wu pg ym cmpu wu b ccb y bu xp fw. Bf c f Ux, pg ym b cmpx xpv. Ux w cmpvy cp mp, cu b u ju bu y mc, wc m buy w uck w cumbm fw cm w cmpu. Ty cu buy vy f fw ym, bcu Ux w cmpb w f m. T b pb bf. Rc m Ux pubc ympum Opg Sym Pcp w by IBM, w mm ucc. Rc Tmp u mpv ym. Dvpm f C Pgmmg Lgug Ux w w mc gug, wc m vcbuy w w mup cmpu mm. S Rc cmb m pc f ym w pc f w, cm up w "C" pgmmg gug. I y wy-f cuy, "C" m gug f cmpu pgmmg. I w uc mp, cc gug m vy g cmpu mk m wc. "C" u vy yx fw uc, bu xmy ucu mu. Bcu f w y u ff cmpu. T w g bck f "C" fuc w y w pgmm cu cpy w w pgm wu vg fm cc, mkg f mpm. T bck w y ccb, vb b pgmm cu cc m. By m f 1980 "C" bcm f m ppu pgmmg gug w. Bcu f p w wc "C" cu b u w pgm u m, cmp bg ug "C" vp w fw. Cu Dv Impv Cmpu Fucy By 1973 Rc Tmp -w Ux pg ym, ug "C" f mc gug, mv g. I w mp u pgmm v w wcg m mc pgmmg, gvg up g cmpu y ug y wu v w v. B Lb bcm Luc Tcg Ic., bg Ux vp, cg w w v f cmpy. Rc c ucc p fc v cmpu bckgu f p m pb mg v ug x. Rc bcm f Cmpug Tcqu Rc Dpm Luc Tcg I w ppc mg gw f y pg ym. Ov y Rc cv umu w, cug ACM w f ug pp f 1974 ym gug, IEEE Emmu P Aw 1982, B Lb Fw 1983, Ac f Cmpug Mcy Tug Aw 1983, ACM Sfw Sym Aw 1983, IEEE Hmmg M H w c U S N Acmy f Egg I Ap f 1999 w cp f U S N M f Tcgy. A f w Rc cv w cjuc w Tmp. Rc w f Luc Tcg' Sym Sfw Rc Dpm, vg mk cmpu wk b m y f u. P Lf M Pf Ak w k p f, Rc m p pf v mx g. H vw O Ux wb, "I'v b mu f vg, wc I jy, bu f g m. I'm m-by g fgu by fy, bu jy kg bck xpc w I'v u f w I' g g y mw xc pc." Ccu: T f w g m v bg IT uy. B w w g p f cgy cg wy u cmpu wk. Wu g pp, w mg v v uc p vpm f IT uy. Ty v cg wy w k bu cmpu. Ty v cg wy wk. Tf, w u v fg m, wu m u cmpug xpc cu v b g. Sfz 2012

22 22 G Tf Au 4 Mb M Gm Rvw W kw, my v py G Tf Au (GTA) f gm. W vy bgg w GTA, w 2D gm, cm GTA2 wc w 2D gm. A muc ppu GTA3 Lby cy cm wc w p 3D gm. Af GTA Vc Cy GTA S A fw bf muc yp GTA4 cm. Sfz 2012

23 23 T vc c b g wc qu pg. T my u g-wg f vc. GTA fc pub by Rck Gm vp by Gm vp Rck Gm N U Kgm. GTA c vu v gm gmpy vy fu cv. T gm vv p m w pc, g f GTA. I GTA4 w g py cc kw Nk Bc, Ru um w v w Eup w up Nw Yk ( gm kw Lby Cy) c f Amc m bu qucky bcm vv w f gg,cm cup. A w kw GTA f gm, w g m fy cy, jck C, Bk vyg vg pk yw cy. W v g fy p cp. W g py vu m wc vb gm, gv u by u cc f f Nk gm. W g py m k gg u w Nk cu gg uk gm, wc fu py jyb bcu f w g uk, Nk wyg pzy k uk vg k g ffc. T ffcuy v ky. Bu kw wy gmpy g yw f fw mu u w py my PC. T cm wy u f c vy m wy. W c b v by wg DRUNK CAM CRACK f (c gg). I ccu, vp f m wy cp GTA v y u Nw Yk cy w fm f fc Lby cy. Ec vy p f cy xcy c. T GPS ym gm w g yw. I y jy pyg gm. T gm Gpc ug. T gm cv mj cmmc cc ucc, bk uy c w f u 3.6 m u f y f gg v $500 m vu f wk, g m 6 m u ww, gm pp v 22 m cp f GTAIV w umu w fm b gmg mm p k my gm f y cg. I bv yu w v pyg GTA4 v f yu v py GTA f gm. W w GTA5 fu vpm gg b. By ju wg c w py GTA5. Mmum PC Sym Rqum f GTA4:- 1) 4Gb RAM. 2) C 2 u, g pc. B py C 2 QuPc. 3) 20Gb F Spc H Dk. 4) Ww XP Svc Pck 3 Opg Sym. 5) 1Gb mmum Gpc C qu. Sfz 2012

24 24 Iuc Rg P Cu Acyum Rj Tpy Rg P 2004 bkg g cug cmpy b vg m f c. T cmpy wk w umb f cmp wc cu f g cmmuc cmpy; NC. W k f c yu v? W v c fm ff c k bkg, cmmuc, fw u, wb vpm cmp my cmp. Hw yu cu c f yu c? W p u c f b c fm p f c cm f jb. W p m c b by cyg u w cum c pc cu vw, w xm. F IT cum c; w v p pm up y cy u pc. W cu Mk T? Evy pu kg f b bu ppu f bm f BPO u ff vpm c cg vy y. T Np v w v ug mu fg cmp bg wk Np. If w k bu c wb vpm cmp fw u, y gg Amc Eup mk ug -mkg cmp c c. Ty vp ym cmp b. W cp f IT Np? IT ju m, vu fm c f IT. W gwg umb f BPO ub wb uucg IT jb, ff vpm c, fw cmp u Np, ' wy jb f Np IT Pf. Ag ju bu qufc, ' bu k p umb f f yu c wk. Sfz 2012

25 25 F py: Ry Bc Cmp, Dg Yg B Tug w c bz mg, cu fz f fwc u u w f w um v pc w v v b bf, Dg u f b c w v v. T f fwg v w m c f v bu w w ucky ug v cc y v f fg w w wm f wcm by u. W u juy w u y mg f 10 Dcmb, Evy w xc c w v b wg f y f g p f m. W c Ry bc cmp bu 11m. I w g c pc. T cmp c Bc f Tu Rv, u 80 KM fm Kmu. I w, uu by g vyw w cu w cmp. W w g ff bu, w w y wcm by cw. Ty bf u u gu f pc. W ppcg vw mgy Tu Rv, w y uc m. W u uc w gv m f m. Sm py fb m w vyb. I mm, my f I bcm buy mkg c Bc f Tu Rv kg pgp. W p fb mc bw u c. S vg w fb mc w up w w! W mc w fu wg, u w gg muc ym. W w f u g. Af fw gc pw cc w y g f pw, u gg g w cg. N u w uuc by u f muc. Su w f cu g ug vuy ck w muc. I bu w u w pu f m m f. F w u, vy fg w bu xm, gm vyg p fm muc! Evy w ugy f c. S vy vg. Af, pgm cu. N c w y w, bu y kp cg. Sc pc w uu by mu, c cu b cy wc m vm m jyb. Af cmp f pgm, w w w p cmp. Bu f w cmp f m. I cy g, gv m ff yp f jym u f v bbcu v by cmp ff. T cmp f bbcu wy by mg. Af vy w p pcv cmp c by cmp mgm. Nx mg, vy k w-u bcu f xy g. W vy w buy bg f, u c u w m v f bkf. S f vg bkf w m y gby Ry Bc Cmp. Tm v f. T 2 y p k mm. W w y g, bu vyg pp wy w w. I w y f fwg v f fg kykg bu u ck f m I w ub. Hc, w pm v pc c py w f fwg v, w f pc. I c cfy y w y w b y f my f f. Sfz 2012

26 Am Op BSc (H) Bu Cmpug & Ifm Sym Ik : Sp 2012 Nx Ik : J 2013 Egby : 10+2 (y m)/2 A v Pcm P Fu Cg w IT cmpy w u u c p k w -m IT pjc. Mg u by IT pf w y f uy xpc. Auz cmy f Cc Ec Hckg. C f UK, Au, USA, c. g]kf ;/f/ ziff Gqff6 :jl[ k fk...bug ug fm cgy T: , , Dbz Mkb Mg, Km, E: f@fwc.u.p Scp f fm u, upvg, mgz u fm u cmmu u cvg f v bv +2 v. Gu fm p UK pc