The PANDA Detector at FAIR

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1 at FAIR Lars Schmitt, GSI on behalf of the PANDA Collaboration PANIC 2008, Eilat, Israel, November 11th 2008 The Facility Overview of PANDA Physics Summary and Outlook

2 Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research GSI, Darmstadt German National Lab for Heavy Ion Research Highlights: - Heavy ion physics - Nuclear physics - Atomic and plasma physics - Cancer research SIS 100/300 p-linac SIS 18 CBM PANDA PAX SuperFRS HESR FAIR: New facility Rare Isotope Beams Heavy ions higher intensities & energies Antiprotons The Facility Antiprotons at FAIR FLAIR, EAR, PAX PANDA: CR/ RESR FLAIR EAR NESR Hadron Spectroscopy Hadron Structure Nuclear physics

3 Antiprotons at FAIR SIS 100/300 Proton linac SIS 18 SIS UNILAC FRS ESR HESR Existing Super FRS New RESR CR NESR FLAIR Antiproton production Proton Linac 50 MeV Accelerate p in SIS18 / 100 Produce p on target Collect in CR, cool in RESR The Facility

4 Antiprotons at FAIR HESR: Storage ring for p SIS 100/300 Proton linac SIS 18 SIS UNILAC FRS ESR Injection of p at 3.7 GeV Slow synchrotron ( GeV) Luminosity up to L~ 2x1032 cm-2s-1 Beam cooling (stochastic & electron) HESR Existing Super FRS New RESR CR NESR FLAIR Antiproton production Proton Linac 50 MeV Accelerate p in SIS18 / 100 Produce p on target Collect in CR, cool in RESR The Facility

5 Antiprotons at FAIR HESR: Storage ring for p SIS 100/300 Proton linac SIS 18 SIS UNILAC FRS ESR Injection of p at 3.7 GeV Slow synchrotron ( GeV) Luminosity up to L~ 2x1032 cm-2s-1 Beam cooling (stochastic & electron) HESR Existing Super FRS New RESR CR NESR FLAIR Antiproton production Proton Linac 50 MeV Accelerate p in SIS18 / 100 Produce p on target Collect in CR, cool in RESR The Facility Resonance scan ECM Energy resolution ~50 kev Tune ECM to probe resonance Get precise mass and width

6 Physics of PANDA Structure & Dynamics of Hadrons in the transition regime of QCD Why don t we observe free quarks? Charmonium spectroscopy Quark confinement Strong coupling constant vs R How are color neutral states formed? Hadrons (qqq or qq) Gluonic excitations Multi-quark systems QCD predictions How do hadrons obtain mass? p-a interactions Meson properties in nuclear medium Restoration of chiral symmetry What is the structure of the nucleon? Hard scattering processes & soft fragmentation From partons to hadrons Physics of PANDA perturbative strong QCD

7 Hadron Spectroscopy Resolution with antiprotons Resonance scan: Energy resolution ~50 kev Tune ECM to probe resonance Get precise mass and width CBall E χc E 835 ev./pb pp machine allows ΔE ~ 50 kev (beam) vs. ΔE ~5 MeV in e+e (detector) e+e directly produces only JPC = 1 (γ) others via ISR and other higher orders pp accesses all states Crystal Ball ev./2 MeV Spectroscopy with antiprotons MeV ECM PANDA Physics of PANDA ECM

8 Detector Requirements Physics benchmarks: Hybrid charmonium e.g. 7 photons, PWA Charmonium decays e.g. J/Ψ e+e- /µ+µ-, or with π0 & γ Charm mesons Weak decays in K0S and K± Hypernuclei Hyperon cascades Detector requirements: 4π acceptance High rate capability: 2x107 s-1 interactions Efficient event selection Continuous acquisition Momentum resolution ~1% Vertex info for D, K0S, Y (cτ = 317 µm for D±) Good tracking Wide angle Compton scattering High energy photons Good PID (γ, e, µ, π, K, p) Cherenkov, ToF, de/dx Proton formfactors Efficient e± identification γ-detection 1 MeV 10 GeV Crystal Calorimeter

9 The PANDA Spectrometer p-target p-beam Interaction region

10 The PANDA Spectrometer Micro Vertex Detector

11 The PANDA Spectrometer Central Tracker

12 The PANDA Spectrometer

13 The PANDA Spectrometer Forward GEM Trackers

14 The PANDA Spectrometer Cherenkov Detectors

15 The PANDA Spectrometer Electromagnetic Crystal Calorimeters

16 The PANDA Spectrometer Instrumented Yoke Solenoid Magnet

17 The PANDA Spectrometer Target Muon Filter Beam Pipe

18 The PANDA Spectrometer

19 The PANDA Spectrometer Dipole Magnet

20 The PANDA Spectrometer Forward Spectrometer

21 Tracking Detectors Micro Vertex Detector 4 barrels and 6 disks Inner layers: hybrid pixels (100x100 µm2) Outer layers: double sided strips Mixed forward disks Continuous readout (ToPix, nxyter)

22 Tracking Detectors Micro Vertex Detector 4 barrels and 6 disks Inner layers: hybrid pixels (100x100 µm2) Outer layers: double sided strips Mixed forward disks Continuous readout (ToPix, nxyter) Central Tracker: 2 Alternatives Straw Tube Tracker 27 µm thin mylar tubes, 1 cm Ø Stability by 1 bar overpressure GEM Time Projection Chamber Continuous sampling GEMs to reduce ion feedback Online tracklet finding Design figures: σrφ~150µm, σz~1mm δp/p~1% (with MVD) Material budget ~1% X0 Prototype tests decide the choice Forward GEM Tracker Large area GEM foils Ultra thin coating

23 Particle Identification de/dx by TPC PANDA PID Requirements: Particle identification essential for PANDA Momentum range 200 MeV/c 10 GeV/c Different processes for PID needed PID Processes: Cherenkov radiation: above 1 GeV Radiators: quartz, aerogel, C4F10 Energy loss: below 1 GeV Best accuracy with TPC Time of flight Problem: no start detector Electromagnetic showers: EMC for e and γ Forward ToF

24 PANDA DIRC Detectors Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light SiO2 Radiator n=1.47 BaBar type Barrel DIRC Pin hole focusing Large water tank Readout with PMTs (BaBar 11000, PANDA 7000)

25 PANDA DIRC Detectors Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light SiO2 Radiator n=1.47 PANDA Barrel DIRC Focusing with lenses Shorter radiator No large tank SiO2 NLAK33A n=1.75

26 PANDA DIRC Detectors Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light SiO2 Radiator n=1.47 PANDA Barrel DIRC PANDA Disc DIRC Disc shaped radiator Readout at rim Focusing with lenses Shorter radiator No large tank SiO2 NLAK33A n=1.75

27 Electromagnetic Calorimeters PANDA PWO Crystals PWO is dense and fast Low γ threshold is a challenge Increase light yield: - improved PWO II (2xCMS) - operation at -25 C (4xCMS) Challenges: - temperature stable to 0.1 C - control radiation damage - low noise electronics Delivery of crystals started

28 Electromagnetic Calorimeters PANDA PWO Crystals PWO is dense and fast Low γ threshold is a challenge Increase light yield: - improved PWO II (2xCMS) - operation at -25 C (4xCMS) Challenges: - temperature stable to 0.1 C - control radiation damage - low noise electronics Delivery of crystals started Barrel Calorimeter PWO Crystals LAAPD readout, 2x1cm2 σ(e)/e~1.5%/ E + const. Forward Endcap 4000 PWO crystals High occupancy in center LA APD or VPT Backward Endcap for hermeticity Forward EMC shashlyk behind dipole

29 Summary and Outlook will be a versatile QCD experiment: Large acceptance and double spectrometer Tracking and vertexing capabilities Particle identification and calorimetry Flexible data acquisition & trigger Novel techniques in detector and readout design First components are being produced Technical design finished 2010 Commissioning in 2015 Summary and Outlook

30 The PANDA Collaboration About 400 physicists from 53 institutions in 16 countries U Basel IHEP Beijing U Bochum IIT Bombay U Bonn IFIN-HH Bucharest U & INFN Brescia U & INFN Catania JU Cracow TU Cracow IFJ PAN Cracow GSI Darmstadt TU Dresden JINR Dubna (LIT,LPP,VBLHE) U Edinburgh U Erlangen NWU Evanston Summary and Outlook U & INFN Ferrara U Frankfurt LNF-INFN Frascati U & INFN Genova U Glasgow U Gießen KVI Groningen IKP Jülich I + II U Katowice IMP Lanzhou U Lund U Mainz U Minsk ITEP Moscow MPEI Moscow TU München U Münster BINP Novosibirsk IPN Orsay U & INFN Pavia IHEP Protvino PNPI Gatchina U of Silesia U Stockholm KTH Stockholm U & INFN Torino Politechnico di Torino U Piemonte Orientale, Torino U & INFN Trieste U Tübingen TSL Uppsala U Uppsala U Valencia SMI Vienna SINS Warsaw TU Warsaw