Nuclear and Hadron Physics in Germany

Transcription

1 Nuclear and Hadron Physics in Germany prepared for the IUPAP WG9 Mee3ng in Wixhausen 11 July 2014 Joachim Stroth on behalf of Johannes P. Wessels Chairperson of the CommiDee for Hadron and Nuclear Physics (KHuK) University of Münster

2 founded in 1845 represen3ng the profession(als) now the world s largest physical society ( members) largest frac3on of members 30 years and younger hadron and nuclear physics: ~ members par3cle physics: ~ members gravita3onal physics: ~ 750 members mathema3cal physics: ~ 850 members extraterrestrial physics: ~ 850 members radia3on physics: ~ 950 members è about to form a sec3on mader and cosmos of ~ members this is the second largest sec3on (solid state ~ members atoms, molecules, op3cs, photonics ~ members)

3 Representa;on of Research Areas While DPG represents the profession(als), it does not lobby for or represent specific research areas this is done by elected members in commidees KHuK (hadron and nuclear physics) KET (par3cle physics) KAT (astropar3cle physics) KfB (accelerator physics)

4 Mandate of Develop strategies for hadron and nuclear physics in Germany Provide access to na3onal and interna3onal research infrastructures Coordinate interests of universi3es, na3onal labs and Max- Planck ins3tutes Representa3on of community in interna3onal bodies (NuPECC, etc.) Promo3on of young academics Public outreach Membership: elected members and representa3ves of other commidees (par3cle physics, astropar3cle physics, accelerator physics), DFG, DPG and NuPECC

5 Challenges in Nuclear and Hadron Physics Hadron Physics from quarks to hadrons, masses of hadrons, spin of the nucleons, exo3c bound states, mader/an3- mader asymmetry Heavy Ion Physics explora3on of the QCD phase diagram: nature of the phase transi3on, proper3es of the quark- gluon plasma at high temperature or large density, exo3c phases of QCD mader Nuclear Structure existence of super- heavy elements, proper3es and forma3on of exo3c nuclei, limits of nuclear stability, forma3on of heavy elements in the universe, neutron mader dedicated support for theory on related to the experimental program

6 Nuclear and Hadron Physics in Germany Facili;es for Hadron and Nuclear Phyiscs: COSY, Jülich DESY, Hamburg ELBE, Dresden- Rossendorf ELSA, Bonn FRM- II, Munich GSI, Darmstadt MAMI, Mainz TRIGA Mark II, Mainz S- Dalinac, Darmstadt Universi;es involved: Berlin Bielefeld Bochum Bonn Darmstadt Dresden Erlangen Frankfurt Freiburg Giessen Greifswald Heidelberg (U + MPI) Jena Karlsruhe IT Köln Mainz München LMU München TU Münster Regensburg Rostock Tübingen Wuppertal

7 Research Priori;es as spelled out in the strategy document construc3on and comple3on of the Facility for An3proton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt full exploita3on of exis3ng research infrastructures for the study of the proper3es and structure of mader under extreme condi3ons ini3a3ve to secure the promo3on of young scien3sts in the field of hadron and nuclear physics in line with NuPECC Long- Rangle Plan for Europe

8 Funding for Nuclear and Hadron Physics in Germany Funding for large- scale infrastructures mostly from BMBF (Federal Ministry for Educa3on and Science) via the Helmholtz Founda3on/Centers and the Max- Planck Founda3on in part matched by Federal State resources EU grants Funding for university groups from the Federal State the German Science Founda3on (DFG) BMBF grants for research at large- scale infrastructures (Verbundforschung) EU grants

9 Evolu;on of BMBF Funding for Nuclear and Hadron Physics at Large Scale Facili;es 100% Theorie 80% BABAR / Gran Sasso / RAL / PSI / HERMES ILL DUBNA 60% EUROBALL/AGATA COSY 40% 20% CERN GSI / FAIR 0% 1986/ / / / / / / / / /2015-A 2012/2015-E Verbundforschung total funding ~ 49 MEuro

10 DFG Funding for Nuclear and Hadron Physics in Germany Individual research projects Research scholarships Heisenberg professorships Koselleck (high risk) research proposals Special (Topical) Research Centers (SFB, TR) Graduate Schools total annual funding for hadron and nuclear physics about 12 M Euro (universi3es receive 20% overhead)

11 FAIR Facility for An;proton and Ion Research Nuclear Structure & Astrophysics (Rare- isotope beams) Hadron Physics (Stored and cooled 14 GeV/c an3- protons) UNIL p- Linac SIS18 SIS100/300 AC QCD- Phase Diagram (HI beams 2 to 45 GeV/u) HESR Rare- Isotope Produc;on Target Fundamental Symmetries & Ultra- High EM Fields (An3protons & highly stripped ions) An;- Proton Produc;on Target Dense Bulk Plasmas (Ion- beam bunch compression & petawad- laser) CR & RESR Materials Science & Radia3on Biology (Ion & an3proton beams) 100 m NESR Project Funding Modular Cryring Start Version MEuro total ~ 400 MEuro civil eng. ~ 400 MEuro accelerator

12 FAIR Experiments CBM Super- FRS PANDA NuSTAR

13 APPA Atomic/Plasma Phyiscs & Applica;ons SPARC Stored Par3cles Atomic physics Research Collabora3on QED in non- pert. regime, precision measurement of fundamental constants, influence of atomic structure on nuclear decay FLAIR Facility for Low- energy An3proton Ion Research tests of CPT and QED with an3protonic atoms and anithydogen HEDgeHOB Plasma physics heavy ion hea3ng and expansion (uniform hea3ng of large- volume dense target, isentropic expansion) laboratory for planetary science (ring- shaped beam implodes a heavy tamper shell) BIOMAT material science, radia3on hardness an3- proton therapy Positive Continuum e - + mc2 0 Transfer Excitation Ionization Free Pair Production - mc 2 Negative Energy Continuum e+

14 NuSTAR Nuclear STructure, Astrophysics and Reac;ons Quest for the limits of existence Halos, open quantum systems, few- body correla3ons Shell structure far away from stability Skins, new collec3ve modes, nuclear mader, neutron stars Phases and symmetries of the nuclear many- body system Origin of the elements QCD- based effec3ve nuclear theory Neutron Skins Pygmy Resonance Neutron stars Halos EOS

15 Non- GSI/FAIR Nuclear Structure Ac;vi;es Superconduc3ng Darmstadt Linear Electron Accelerator (S- DALINAC) DFG- Center SFB 634 Nuclear Structure, Nuclear Astrophysics at the S- DALINAC Munich Emperor- TANDEM Instrument of DFG- Excellence Cluster Universe Dresden - HZDR- ELBE Mul3- func3onal radia3on source, photons, electrons, neutrons Shallow underground lab Felsenkeller AGATA significant contribu3on to detector and expriments in NuSTAR Cologne FN- TANDEM new AMS- TANDEM 6 M fom DFG CERN funded by BMBF

16 PANDA An;proton Annihila;on QCD exo3cs Nucleon structure From GPDs to TDAs Glueballs of all q.n. XYZ states and their proper3es

17 HADES - Compressed Baryonic MaYer p+p 3.5 GeV HADES strategy: Excita3on func3on for low- mass lepton pairs and (mul3- )strange baryons and mesons Various aspects of baryon- resonance physics Beams provided by SIS18: π, proton, nuclei Full azimuthal coverage, 18 to 85 degree in polar angle Hadron and lepton iden3fica3on e+e- pair acceptance 35% Mass resolu3on 2 % (ρ/ω region) ~ channels 50 khz event rate (400 Mbyte/s peak data rate)

18 HADES running just now with π- beam Instead of the planned visit here an on- line spectrum π- Ta (1.7 GeV/c)

19 CBM Compressed Baryonic MaYer Resis3ve Plate Chambers (TOF) Transi3on Radia3on Detector Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detector Ø Equa3on- of- state of mader at neutron star core densi3es. Ø Phase transi3ons from hadronic mader to quarkyonic or partonic mader at high net- baryon densi3es. Ø Electro- magne3c radia3on from the dense fireball. Ø Chiral symmetry restora3on in dense baryonic mader. Ø Charm produc3on in (dense) nuclear mader an threshold energies. Ø Hypernuclei, strange dibaryons, massive strange objects. Ø Challenge: 10 MHz interac3on rate on fixed target Micro Vertex Detector Dipole magnet Silicon Tracking Sta3ons Muon Detec3on (parking posi3on)

20 ALICE QCD MaYer at LHC New Inner Tracking System (ITS) improved poin3ng resolu3on less material - > thinnest tracker at the LHC Time Projec;on Chamber (TPC) new GEM technology for readout Chambers con3nuous readout faster readout electronics New Central Trigger Processor Muon Forward Tracker (MFT) new Si tracker Improved MUON poin3ng precision Muon Arm con3nuous readout electronics Total cost incl. R&D: 56 MCHF German part via BMBF, HGF Data Acquisi3on (DAQ)/ High Level Trigger (HLT) new architecture online tracking & data compression 50kHz PbPb event rate TOF, TRD Faster readout New Trigger Detectors (FIT)

21 ALICE QCD MaYer at the LHC Run 1, Run 2 established produc3on of hodest, densest and longest- lived quark gluon plasma phase. strong jet quenching: first indica3ons of differences in quark mass and color transport in medium. approved for 1/nb Upgrade for precision measurements of QGP Measurement of heavy- flavour transport parameters Diffusion coefficient (QGP eq. of state, η/s) à HF azimuthal anisotropy and R AA In- medium thermaliza3on and hadroniza3on à HF baryons Mass dependence of energy loss à HF R AA Measurement of low- mass and low- p t di- electrons Chiral symmetry restora3on à ρ spectral func3on γ produc3on from QGP à low- mass dilepton con3nuum Space- 3me evolu3on of the QGP à radial and ellip3c flow of emided radia3on J/ψ, ψ, and χ c states down to zero p t sta3s3cal hadroniza3on vs. dissocia3on/recombina3on scenario transi3on between low and high transverse momenta density dependence central vs. forward produc3on Heavy nuclear states mass- 4 and - 5 (an3- )hypernuclei search for H- dibaryon, Λn bound states, etc. Æ requires high sta3s3cs 10/nb larger compression, bandwidth (*10) low p T measurements

22 Special Ini;a;ves BMBF Forschungsschwerpunkte special funding for collabora3ve efforts and outreach of BMBF funded large- scale projects (ALICE, NuSTAR, PANDA) Helmholtz ini3a3ves Alliance - ExtreMe MaDer Ins3tute (EMMI) 18.8 MEuro (6 years) focus on interdisciplinary studies of mayer under extreme condi;ons: quark- gluon plasma and QCD phase diagram, neutron mader, plasma physics, atomic physics and ultra- cold quantum gases. 18 new tenured posi;ons and 54 MEuro matching funds pledged by partners. HIC4FAIR Think tank for forefront theore3cal and experimental research associated with FAIR. Funding for 26 professorships at Hessian universi;es in conjunc;on with state excellence program LOEWE. EU FPx, Horizon 2020 networking, joint research ini3a3ves and access to research infrastructuren (HadronPhysics, Eurons, Ensar )

23 Summary German community is well posi3oned as a key player in forefront interna3onal hadron and nuclear physics research. FAIR will provide a world- wide unique research infrastructure for hadron and nuclear physics for decades to come Through its par3cipa3on in leading experiments at CERN and other ins3tutes the community is op3mally exploi3ng exis3ng infrastructures for the study of mader under extreme condi3ons Concerns: poten3al loss of exper3se and physics output through focus on technical issues during construc3on of FAIR career perspec3ves for young academics