Quark matter under strong magnetic fields

Transcription

1 Quark matter under strong magnetic fields Mei Huang Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS Chirality, Vorticity and Magnetic Field in Heavy Ion Collisions, UCLA, Mar.27-29,2017

2 Quark matter under magnetic fields CME CVE Inverse Magnetic Catalysis B Vacuum superconductor (Inverse) Magnetic Catalysis Magnetar

3 Content I. Inverse magnetic catalysis & Chirality imbalanced matter II. Vacuum and High-T superconductor III. Magnetar IV. Summary 3

4 I. Inverse magnetic catalysis & Chirality imbalanced matter 4

5 Magnetic catalysis at zero temperature nonzero mass for arbitrary small G 5

6 Magnetic catalysis at zero temperature Bali et al. arxiv: [hep-lat] 6

7 Inverse magnetic catalysis at nonzero temperature Bali et al. arxiv: [hep-lat] Surprise! Puzzle! In our current understanding of the chiral phase transition, some important information is missing, which might be revealed by magnetic fields! 7

8 How to understand inverse magnetic catalysis? 1) Magnetic inhibition Contribution from neutral pions 2) Contribution from sea quarks Bruckmann et.al. arxiv: ) Polyakov holomoly Nowak et.al. arxiv: ) Running coupling M. Ferreira, et.al. arxiv: ) Chirality imbalance Sphaleron transition Jingyi Chao, Pengcheng Chu, MH, arxiv: , PRD88(2013) Instanton-anti-instanton pairing condensate Lang Yu, Hao Liu, MH, arxiv: , 8 PRD90(2014)

9 Theta vacuum, instantons and sphalerons QCD vacuum has non-trivial topological structure characterized by an integer valued Chern-Simons number Buividovich et al. arxiv: Induce chirality imbalance: 9

10 Chirality imbalance induced by sphalerons: Time evolution for chiral quark density Sphaleron diffusion rate from AdS/CFT 10

11 Sphaleron diffusion rate at finite T: variation of topological number per unit time and per unit volumn Khlebnikov, Shaposhnikov 1988, Bodeker,1998, Son, Starinets 2002 Sphaleron transition rate under magnetic field: Debye mass for longitudinal gluons 11

12 Chiral phase transition induced by chiral anomaly Jingyi Chao, Pengcheng Chu, MH, arxiv: , PRD88(2014) 12

13 Chirality imbalance induced by instanton anti-instanton molecule pairing: 13

14 Mean-field approximation: 14

15 Inverse magnetic catalysis Lang Yu, Hao Liu, MH, arxiv: , PRD90,074009(2014) 15

16 Chirality imbalanced matter 16

17 Chirality imbalance destroys chiral condensate? Local chirality imbalance 17

18 Chirality imbalance & Chiral Magnetic Effect Fukushima,Kharzeev,Warringa 2008 Chiral restoration is necessary Charge CME Separation STAR Collaboration PRL103(2009) Chirality imbalance ---->IMC & Chiral restoration! 18

19 Chirality imbalance catalyzes chiral condensate? Gaoqing Cao, Pengfei Zhuang arxiv: V.V. Braguta, E.M. Ilgenfritz, A. Yu. Kotov, B. Petersson, S.A. Skinderev, arxiv:

20 Chirality imbalance destroys or catalyzes chiral condensate? Soft-cutoff only for the vacuum part Lang Yu, Hao Liu, MH, arxiv: , PRD94(2016) 20

21 Chirality imbalance destroys or catalyzes chiral condensate? Hard-cutoff Reduce thermal contribution! 21

22 Chirality imbalance destroys or catalyzes chiral condensate? Hard-cutoff only for vacuum part 22

23 Chirality imbalance catalyzes chiral condensate 23 in the vacuum Chirality imbalance destroys or catalyzes chiral condensate? Lang Yu, Hao Liu, MH, arxiv: , PRD94(2016)

24 Chirality imbalance destroys chiral condensate 24 at finite temperature Chirality imbalance destroys or catalyzes chiral condensate? Lang Yu, Hao Liu, MH, arxiv: , PRD94(2016)

25 Chirality imbalance destroys or catalyzes chiral condensate? Regulation scheme dependent? Need more lattice result! V.V. Braguta, E.M. Ilgenfritz, A. Yu. Kotov, B. Petersson, S.A. Skinderev, arxiv: If chirality imbalance catalyzes chiral condensate, then no CME? 25

26 II. Vacuum superconductor and high-t superconductor 26

27 Vacuum Superconductor M. N. Chernodub, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 (2011) [arxiv: [hep-ph]] -Energy of relativistic particle in the external magnetic field B: nonnegative integer number the momentum along the external projection of spin on the magnetic field direction of magnetic field -Masses of mesons and in magnetic field: becomes larger becomes lighter where, 27

28 Vacuum Superconductor The charged rho becomes massless and condensate at a critical magnetic fields : M. N. Chernodub, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 (2011) [arxiv: [hep-ph]] The pions become heavier while the charged vector mesons become lighter in the external magnetic field The decay stops at a critical eb 28

29 29

30 Vafa-Witten forbids charged rho condensation in QCD, but not in QCD QED 30

31 Charged and neutral vector meson in NJL model 31

32 Charged vector meson in vacuum 1/3! Hao Liu, Lang Yu, MH, arxiv:

33 Charged vector meson at finite temperature Charged vector meson condenses at high T! Hao Liu, Lang Yu, MH, arxiv:

34 Charged vector meson at finite temperature Charged vector meson condenses at high T with IMC! High-T superconductor Hao Liu, Lang Yu, M.Chernodub, MH, arxiv:

35 Charged vector meson can condense at high T with IMC! Hao Liu, Lang Yu, M.Chernodub, MH,

36 Charged rho condensation substantially delays the decay of strong magnetic field! High-T superconductor can be the source of large conductivity, and will substantially delays the decay of B! L. McLerran V. Skokov, arxiv:

37 III. Magnetar Pengcheng Chu, Xin Wang, Liewen Chen, MH, arxiv:

38 2 solar mass Neutron star A stiff (hard) equation of state is needed: Quark matter has soft EoS! Excluded inside neutron star? 38

39 Strange quark matter under magnetic field Pengcheng Chu, Xin Wang, Liewen Chen, MH, arxiv:

40 Strange quark matter under magnetic field Pressure contribution from magnetized gluons Pengcheng Chu, Xin Wang, Liewen Chen, MH, arxiv:

41 Mass of quark magnetar Pengcheng Chu, Xin Wang, Liewen Chen, MH, arxiv:

42 IV. Summary CME CVE Inverse Magnetic Catalysis B Vacuum superconductor (Inverse) Magnetic Catalysis Magnetar QCD vacuum and matter under magnetic field an exciting world of QCD!