Experimenty na urýchľovači LHC v CERN
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1 Experimenty na urýchľovači LHC v CERN Prof. Branislav Sitár DrSc. FMFI UK Bratislava Praha, December 3rd, 2007 LHC What Else! Karel Šafařík 1
2 Founded in 1954 (12 European Member States) Today: 20 European Member States 1 Candidate for accession 8 Observers: USA, Japan, Indian, Russia, Israel, Turkey, EU and UNESCO Genfer See 6000 scientists World s largest Particle Physics Laboratory: Praha, December 3rd, 2007 LHC What Else! Karel Šafařík Scientists from 62 countries use CERN s large infrastructure
3 Praha, December 3rd, 2007 LHC What Else! Karel Šafařík 3
4 Urýchľovače v CERNe Energie: Linac PSB PS 50 MeV 1.4 GeV 28 GeV SPS 450 GeV LHC 7 TeV
5 LHC
6 LHC Dipól Pracovná teplota 1.9 K! Chladnejšie ako vo vesmíre... Konštrukcia Dva v jednom
7 Electrical Quality Assurance in the tunnel
8 Big Bang Proton Atom Virus Radius of Earth Earth to Sun Radius of Galaxies LHC Universe Super-Microscope Study physics laws of first moments after Big Bang increasing Symbiosis between Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology Hubble WMAP Praha, December 3rd, 2007 LHC What Else! Karel Šafařík 8 VLT ALMA
9 Častice a sily prírody Sily sú sprostredkované vymennými časticami? Higgsove častice Vákuum=Higgsov kondenzát Zatiaľ neobjavené 9 9
10 Basic processes at LHC g W/Z g W/Z 10
11 Big Bang Expansion 11 Praha, December 3rd, 2007 LHC What Else! Karel Šafařík 11
12 Examples of fundamental questions: Particle Physics and Cosmology Particle mass? Dark Matter? Unification of Forces? LHC Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry? Answers to open questions LHC at CERN Praha, December 3rd, 2007 LHC What Else! Karel Šafařík 12
13 Enter a New Era in Fundamental Science Start-up of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), one of the largest and truly global scientific projects ever, is the most exciting turning point in particle physics. CMS LHCb ALICE Exploration of a new energy frontier Proton-proton collisions at E CM = 14 TeV LHC ring: 27 km circumference ATLAS
14 ATLAS 14
15 High energy event on ATLAS 15
16 Size: 16 x 26 meters Weight: 10,000 tons HMPID TOF TRD PMD ITS PHOS ALICE Set-up TPC Muon Arm Added since 1997: -V0/T0/ACORDE Praha, December 3rd, 2007 LHC What Else! Karel Šafařík - TRD( 99) 16 - EMCAL ( 06)
17 Kvark-gluónová plazma v zloženom jadre 17
18 Rekonštrukcia zrážky jadier v Alice 18
19 Slovakia and CERN Participating Institutes in ALICE: Comenius University Bratislava (Prof. Branislav Sitar) Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice (Prof. Ladislav Sandor) Presently: 13 scientists with PhD, 6 doctoral students TPC: Bratislava Production and test of 26 readout chambers at Bratislava Detector Laboratory Pixel detector: Košice Electronics for readout TPC: ready for transport to cavern Pixel detector installation
20 Slovakia and CERN Participating Institutes in ATLAS: Comenius University Bratislava (Doc. Stanislav Tokar) Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice (Doc. Dušan Bruncko) 8 scientists with PhD, 6 doctoral students Tile calorimeter: Bratislava Iron tiles produced in Dubnica Tile calorimeter in test beam Lifting devices for calorimeter modules produced in Prešov Electronics cards for LAr endcap calorimeter: Košice
21 ALICE TPC IROC production in Bratislava Detector Laboratory Winding machine Production of IROC in a high precision Assembly system 21
22 Test bench in Bratislava Detector Lab. for TPC IROC tests. 22
23 Installation of the Alice TPC Slovak physicists and engineers took part in Alice TPC installation at CERN 23
24 Počítačový klaster FMFI pripojený na LCG Rok 2009: 300 procesorov, 150 Terabytov dátové úložisko 24
25 The Mission of CERN Push back the frontiers of knowledge Structure of the matter Secrets of the Big Bang Develop new technologies Information technology - the Web and the GRID Large scale use of superconductivity Development of accelerator technologies Development of future energy sources help to ITER Medicine - diagnosis and therapy Train scientists and engineers of tomorrow Unite people from different countries and cultures Praha, December 3rd, 2007 LHC What Else! Karel Šafařík 25
26 Ďakujem za pozornosť Praha, December 3rd, 2007 LHC What Else! Karel Šafařík 26
27 Európska stratégia časticovej fyziky Európska komisia a CERN podpísali zmluvu o spolupráci CERN koordinuje európsku stratégiu časticovej fyziky (ESPP) Rada CERN schvaľuje Európske projekty Hlavným projektom ESPP je LHC CERN koordinuje projekty v oblasti podzemných neutrínových laboratórií v Európe CERN koordinuje projekty astro-časticovej fyziky CERN plánuje účasť v International Liner Collider (0.5 1 TeV) CERN pripravuje projekt nového lineárneho urýchlovača CLIC (3 TeV) 27
28 Prínosy spolupráce pre vzdelávanie Každý rok sa obhajuje niekoľko diplomových prác a PhD dizertácií na výskume spojenom s CERN V CERNe je každoročne na krátkodobých pobytoch okolo 20 študentov V CERNe pracuje na dlhodobých kontraktoch 23 väčšinou mladých Slovákov V roku 2009 bolo vďaka grantovej schéme Ministrestva školstva SR na polročných pobytoch v CERNe 14 študentov pracovali s najlepšími fyzikmi v CERNe. Výsledky sú vynikajúce. Táto schéma bude pokračovať aj v roku 2010 Študenti pracujú na najväčšej počítačovej sieti na svete LHC Computing Grid, dáva im to prakticky neobmedzené výpočtové kapacity. Z CERNu máme bezplatne celú počítačovú knižnicu, ktorú by si Slovensko nemohlo dovoliť 28
29 Prínosy spolupráce pre priemysel SR Prenos technológií Slovenské podniky sa aktívne zapájajú do dodávok technologických zariadení do CERN v databáze CERN je okolo 55 slovenských podnikov Návratnosť investícií do CERN v posledných rokoch je vysoká okolo 2,5 V tomto ukazovateli sme na druhom mieste Najväčší dodávatelia: SES Tlmače stovky kryogénnych nádob pre LHC VVÚ ZŤS Košice presné ukladanie magnetov do LHC Spoluprácou s CERN získavajú naše firmy know-how o najmodernejších technológiách, čo môžu uplatniť aj pri iných projektoch Slovensko má ako členská krajina CERN nárok na všetky vynálezy a technológie vyvinuté v CERN Prenosu technológií z CERN do členských krajín sa venuje vaľká pozornosť 29
30 Slovakia and CERN Contributions from Slovakia Industry to LHC project Blue cryostat for LHC dipoles produced at SES Tlmače Robots carry LHC magnets and align them with magnet support jacks made by VVÚ ZTS Košice Návratnosť investícií do CERN 2,6 v troch posledných troch rokoch rokoch LHC award to ZTS
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