BGA REBALLING INSTRUCTIONS WINSLOW AUTOMATION, INC.
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- Imogene Montgomery
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1 BGA REBALLING INSTRUCTIONS WINSLOW AUTOMATION, INC.
2 Acknowledgments S o l d e r Q u i k i s a t r a d e m a r k o f W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n, I n c. R a y c h e m C o r p o r a t i o n p a t e n t e d t h e t e c h n o l o g y o n w h i c h t h e S o l d e r Q u i k BGA, column - g r i d a r r a y, C C M D, a n d t a p e p r o d u c t s a r e b a s e d. R a y c h e m h a s g r a n t e d W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n a n e x c l u s i v e w o r l d w i d e r i g h t a n d l i c e n s e u n d e r t h e S o l d e r Q u i k t e c h n o l o g y p a t e n t s t o m a k e, u s e, o r s e l l t h e S o l d e r Q u i k p r o d u c t s. Notice M e n t i o n o f t h i r d -p a r t y p r o d u c t s i s f o r i n f o r m a t i o n a l p u r p o s e s o n l y a n d c o n s t i t u t e s n e i t h e r a n e n d o r s e m e n t n o r a r e c o m m e n d a t i o n. W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n a s s u m e s n o r e s p o n s i b i l i t y w i t h r e g a r d t o t h e p e r f o r m a n c e o f t h e s e p r o d u c t s. C o p y r i g h t p r o t e c t s p r o p r i e t a r y i n f o r m a t i o n i n t h i s d o c u m e n t. R e p r o d u c t i o n, a d a p t a t i o n, o r t r a n s l a t i o n w i t h o u t p r i o r w r i t t e n p e r m i s s i o n i s p r o h i b i t e d, e x c e p t a s a l l o w e d u n d e r t h e c o p y r i g h t l a w s. C o p y r i g h t b y W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n, I n c. A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d P r i n t e d i n U S A Winslow Automation is committed to making the SolderQuik BGA Preform work for you. If you have any questions, concerns, or difficulties with the process, please contact us and we will be glad to help you in any way we can.
3 Table of Contents page Inventory of kit items 1 Introduction 4 Before you begin 5 BGA deballing process 7 BGA reballing process 11 Cleaning fixtures 16 Bake and dry packaging 18 Flexible fixture setup - o p t i o n a l 20 Reflow temperature profile 22 Frequently asked questions 25 G l o s s a r y 26 Safety precautions 29 W a r r a n t y 31 Contact Information Winslow Automation, Inc Concourse Drive San Jose, CA Phone : (408) Fax: (408) For the latest news and information about SolderQuik BGA visit our web site at: PR REV. B PART NO
4 BGA REBALL STARTER KIT Inventory of Kit Items Qty. SolderQuik Preform (customer specified)* 10 BGA Fixture* 1 Instruction Booklet, BGA Reballing Starter Kit 1 BGA Reballing - Quick Guide 1 Flux syringe w/plunger 1 Brush, horsehair w/alum. handle 1 Tweezers, sharp 1 Cleaning tray, conductive 1 Conductive rigid mat 1 De- ionized water bottle, 250 ml. 1 Desoldering braid, wide 2 A c i d b r u s h 2 IPA wipes 20 Test tube (disposable with cap) 1 Black plastic case 1 * B G A p r e f o r m s a n d f i x t u r e s a r e p a r t d e p e n d e n t. 1 BGA Starter Kit
5 Available BGA Fixtures Fixture Fixturepartno. Part Packagesize Package Size Fixture Part Package Size Fixture Part Package Size No x21mm No. No x23mm x 21 mm x27mm x x 17 mm x31mm x 23 mm x35mm x x 8 mm x40mm x42.6mm 27 x 27 mm x x 2 mm x15mm x25mm 31 x 31 mm x x 18 mm x29mm x45mm 35 x 35 mm x x 7 mm x19.5mm x32.5mm 40 x 40 mm x 33 mm x 9 mm x37.5mm x42.5mm 42.6 x x 13 mm x x26.9mm mm x42.8mm x 15 mm x 20 mm x x3mm mm Flexible Fixture x 25 mm x 11 mm x 35 mm x 29 mm x 10 mm x 30 mm x 45 mm x 12 mm Flexible Fixture x x 16 mm I f t h e s p e c i f i c d i m e n s i o n s o f t h e p a c k a g e b e i n g r e b a l l e d a r e n o t l i s t e d a b o v e, c a l l W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n f o r c u s t o m o r d e r s a n d t h e l a t e s t a v a i l a b l e s i z e s. * T h e f l e x i b l e f i x t u r e i s a d j u s t a b l e f r o m 5 m m t o 5 7 m m s q u a r e ( o r r e c t a n g l e ). BGA Starter Kit 2
6 C u s t o m e r S u p p l i e d I t e m s O v e n ( r e c o m m e n d e d f o r m o i s t u r e r e m o v i n g b a k e ) H o t a i r r e f l o w s y s t e m, c o n v e c t i o n o v e n, o r c o n v e y o r r e f l o w o v e n. S o a k i n g b e a k e r ( r e c o m m e n d e d f o r c l e a n i n g f i x t u r e s ) S o l d e r i n g i r o n ( o r o t h e r t o o l f o r B G A b a l l r e m o v a l ) S t a t i c s a f e w o r k s t a t i o n M i c r o s c o p e ( r e c o m m e n d e d f o r i n s p e c t i o n ) D I w a t e r F i n g e r c o t s 3 Customer Supplied Items
7 Introduction About Winslow Automation, Inc. W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n h a s b e e n p r o v i d i n g i n n o v a t i v e s o l d e r i n g a n d l e a d c o n d i t i o n i n g s o l u t i o n s t o t he s e m i c o n d u c t o r i n d u s t r y s i n c e I f y o u r c o m p a n y h a s u s e d h i g h -r e l i a b i l i t y s e m i c o n d u c t o r p a c k a g e s, y o u h a v e u n d o u b t e d l y s e e n o u r p r o d u c t s. O u r s u b c o n t r a c t d i v i s i o n, S I X S I G M A, h a s b e e n p r o v i d i n g h o t s o l d e r d i p l e a d f i n i s h s e r v i c e s f o r m i l i t a r y a n d s p a c e -q u a l i f i e d s e m i c o n d u c t o r s s i n c e i t s i n c e p t i o n i n I n , W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n a c q u i r e d t h e S o l d e r Q u i k p r o d u c t l i n e f r o m R a y c h e m C o r p o r a t i o n. T h e S o l d e r Q u i k B G A P r e f o r m u s e d i n t h i s k i t i s o n l y o n e o f f o u r p r o d u c t s i n t h e S o l d e r Q u i k family. Solder Q u i k T a p e, S o l d e r Q u i k C C M D ( C h i p C a r r i e r M o u n t i n g D e v i c e ) a n d S o l d e r Q u i k CCGA (Ceramic C o l u m n G r i d A r r a y) r o u n d o u t t h e p r o d u c t f a m i l y d e v e l o p e d f o r f i n e p i t c h s u r f a c e - m o u n t s o l d e r i n g a n d r e w o r k. SolderQuik Technology O r i g i n a l l y d e v e l o p e d b y R a y c h e m C o r p o r a t i o n a s a m e t h o d f o r a t t a c h i n g s o l d e r c o l u m n s t o l e a d l e s s c h i p c a r r i e r s, S o l d e r Q u i k t e c h n o l o g y h a s b e e n c h o s e n a s t h e u l t i m a t e s o l u t i o n f o r r e b a l l i n g b a l l g r i d a r r a y ( B G A ) p a c k a g e s. S i n c e i t s i n t r o d u c t i o n, t h i s p a t e n t e d t e c h n o l o g y, i n t h e f o r m o f t h e S o l d e r Q u i k B G A P r e f o r m s, h a s b e c o m e t h e u n d i s p u t e d c h o i c e a m o n g l e a d i n g s e m i c o n d u c t o r a n d b o a r d a s s e m b l y m a n u f a c t u r e r s. SolderQuik BGA Preforms Simplify BGA Reballing T h e S o l d e r Q u i k B G A P r e f o r m p r o v i d e s a u n i q u e B G A r e b a l l i n g s o l u t i o n. T h e P r e f o r m c o n s i s t s o f a n a r r a y o f s o l d e r s p h e r e s e m b e d d e d i n a w a t e r s o l u b l e / p o l y m e r c a r r i e r. T h e b e a u t y o f t h e p r e f o r m p r o c e s s l i e s i n i t s s i m p l i c i t y. A f t e r a p p l y i n g f l u x, s i m p l y a l i g n t h e c o m p o n e n t t o t h e p r e f o r m w i t h a n i n e x p e n s i v e f i x t u r e. A f t e r r e f l o w, j u s t m o i s t e n t h e c a r r i e r a n d p e e l i t o f f. S o l d e r Q u i k P r e f o r m s e l i m i n a t e t h e n e e d f o r s t e n c i l s, l o o s e s o l d e r b a l l s a n d s o l d e r p a s t e i n t h e r e b a l l i n g p r o c e s s. R e b a l l i n g a c o m p o n e n t w i t h p r e f o r m s r e q u i r e s o n l y a f e w s e c o n d s o f l a b o r a n d v e r y l i t t l e o p e r a t o r s k i l l, w h i c h t r a n s l a t e s t o t h r o u g h p u t i m p r o v e m e n t s. T h i s p r o c e s s w o r k s w e l l w i t h m o s t r e f l o w e q u i p m e n t a n d a l o n g s i d e a n y r e w o r k s t a t io n. P r e f o r m s a r e c u r r e n t l y a v a i l a b l e i n o v e r a r r a y p a t t e r n s, i n c l u d i n g v a r i o u s b a l l s i z e s a n d c e n t e r c u t d e s i g n s ( f o r c a v i t y d o w n c o m p o n e n t s ). O u r p a t t e r n d a t a b a s e g r o w s d a i l y t o m e e t c u s t o m e r d e m a n d. T o f i n d t h e l a t e s t i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t S o l d e r Q u i k B G A v i s i t u s a t : I n t r o d u c t i o n 4
8 Before You Begin Safety Considerations P r i o r t o t h e u s e o f t h i s p r o d u c t, r e v i e w a l l s a f e t y m a r k i n g s a n d i n s t r u c t i o n s i n c l u d i n g M a t e r i a l S a f e t y D a t a S h e e t s. WARNING: A w a r n i n g d e n o t e s a h a z a r d t h a t c a n c a u s e i n j u r y. CAUTION: A c a u t i o n d e n o t e s a h a z a r d t h a t c a n r e s u l t i n l o s s t o p r o p e r t y o r e q u i p m e n t. D o n o t p r o c e e d b e y o n d a WARNING o r CAUTION n o t i c e u n t i l y o u h a v e u n d e r s t o o d t h e h a z a r d o u s c o n d i t i o n s a n d h a v e t a k e n a p p r o p r i a t e s t e p s. V e n t i l a t i o n : F l u x f u m e s f r o m s o l d e r i n g a n d d e s o l d e r i n g c a n b e h a r m f u l. U s e g e n e r a l o r l o c a l e x h a u s t v e n t i l a t i o n t o m e e t T L V r e q u i r e m e n t s. C o n s u l t M a t e r i a l S a f e t y D a t a S h e e t s ( M S D S ) f o r T h r e s h o l d L i m i t V a l u e ( T L V ) n u m b e r s. P e r s o n a l P r o t e c t i v e E q u i p m e n t : C h e m i c a l s u s e d i n r e b a l l i n g p r o c e s s c a n c a u s e s k i n i r r i t a t i o n. U s e a p p r o p r i a t e p e r s o n a l p r o t e c t i v e e q u i p m e n t w h e n p e r f o r m i n g c l e a n i n g, s o l d e r i n g a n d d e s o l d e r i n g a c t i v i t i e s. L e a d W a r n i n g : T h e U S E P A C a r c in o g e n A s s e s s m e n t G r o u p l i s t s l e a d a n d i t s c o m p o u n d s a s t e r a t o g e n s a n d i t s c o m p o n e n t s t o b e a C l a s s B - 2 c a r c i n o g e n. I A R C. C a l i f o r n i a P r o p o s i t i o n 6 5 r e q u i r e s a p o s t e d w a r n i n g t h a t l e a d c a n c a u s e b i r t h d e f e c t s o r o t h e r reproductive harm. W h e n w o r k i n g w i t h E S D s e n s i t i v e p a r t s m a k e s u r e y o u r w o r k a r e a i s E S D s a f e b y u s i n g : F i n g e r c o t s C o n d u c t i v e w o r k m a t o r t a b l e t o p G r o u n d i n g h e e l s t r a p a n d w r i s t s t r a p Sensitivities 5 Before You Begin
9 Moisture Sensitivity P l a s t i c B G A p a c k a g e s a r e m o i s t u r e a b s o r b e n t. T h e p a c k a g e f a b r i c a t o r d e s i g n a t e s t h e s e n s i t i v i t y l e v e l o f e a c h p a c k a g e d e s i g n. T h e s e n s i t i v i t y l e v e l h a s a n e x p o s u r e t i m e l i m i t a s s o c i a t e d w i t h i t. J E D E C u s e d a s t a n d a r d a t m o s p h e r e o f 3 0 C a t 6 0 % r e l a t i v e h u m i d i t y t o d e v e l o p t h e t i m e l i m i t o f e x p o s u r e. I n c l u d e d i n t h i s i n s t r u c t i o n b o o k l e t i s a m o i s t u r e l e v e l t a b l e ( s e e p a g e 1 9 ). W h e n t h e e x p o s u r e e x c e e d s t h e a l l o w e d t i m e, t h e J E D E C s t a n d a r d s p e c i f i e s a b a k e o u t. T h e s t a n d a r d b a k i n g t i m e i s 2 4 h o u r s a t C. E n c l o s u r e i n a m o i s t u r e b a r r i e r b a g w i t h a d e s i c c a n t s h o u l d i m m e d i a t e l y f o l l o w t h e b a k i n g. T h i s b a k e o u t w i l l p r e p a r e t h e p a c k a g e f o r a s o l d e r p r o c e s s. ESD Sensitivity T h e s e q u e n c e o f p a c k a g e r e m o v a l, r e b a l l i n g, a n d r e m o u n t i n g o n a P C B o r o t h e r s u b s t r a t e p r o v i d e s n u m e r o u s c h a n c e s f o r E S D d a m a g e. Temperature Sensitivity B G A p a c k a g e s a r e s e n s i t i v e t o t e m p e r a t u r e s t r e s s e s i n t h r e e w a y s : R a p i d c h a n g e s i n t e m p e r a t u r e i n d u c e s t r e s s e s d u e t o n o n -u n i f o r m i t y o f i n t e r n a l t e m p e r a t u r e s. R a p i d h e a t i n g o f o n l y o n e s i d e o f a B G A p a c k a g e c a n i n d u c e s t r e s s e s o n a l a r g e d i e. E x c e s s i v e t e m p e r a t u r e : P l a s t i c B G A p a c k a g e s a r e m u c h l i k e p r i n t e d c i r c u i t b o a r d s. T h e i r s u b s t r a t e s a r e g l a s s r e i n f o r c e d a n d t y p i c a l l y h a v e a T g ( g l a s s t r a n s i t i o n t e m p e r a t u re ) o f approximately 230 C. A b o v e t h e g l a s s t r a n s i t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e t h e c o e f f i c i e n t o f t h e r m a l e x p a n s i o n i n c r e a s e s, a d v e r s e l y e f f e c t i n g i n t e r n a l s t r e s s e s. K e e p i n g t h e s u b s t r a t e b e l o w t h i s t e m p e r a t u r e i s v e r y i m p o r t a n t. N o n -u n i f o r m i t y o f h e a t a p p l i c a t i o n : T h e h o t a i r s y s t e m u s e d b y W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n i s a c o n v e c t i o n o v e n r a t h e r t h a n a g u n t y p e h o t a i r d e l i v e r y s y s t e m. T h e o v e n p r o v i d e s u n i f o r m h e a t i n g t o p a r t s t h a t i s e s s e n t i a l f o r e f f e c t i v e s o l d e r i n g. F u r t h e r, t h e o v e n d e l i v e r s l o w s p e e d h o t a i r t h e r e b y r e d u c i n g t e m p e r a t u r e s t r e s s d u e t o t e m p e r a t u r e d i f f e r e n t i a l s. T h e p a p e r o f t h e p r e f o r m t e n d s t o i n s u l a t e t h e p a d s o f t h e s u b s t r a t e f r o m t h e a i r. C o n s e q u e n t l y, t h e s o a k i n g t i m e o f t h e o v e n a l l o w s t i m e t o b r i n g t h e p a d s u p t o s o l d e r w e t t i n g t e m p e r a t u r e u n i f o r m l y. W h e n t h e h e a t i n g p r o f i l e i s c o m p l e t e d, t h e p r e f o r m i s l i g h t b r o w n i n c o l o r. H i g h e r f l o w t e m p e r a t u r e w i l l c a u s e t h e p r e f o r m t o p r o g r e s s i n c o l o r t o d e e p b r o w n a n d e v e n b l a c k. W e r e c o m m e n d t h a t B G A c o m p o n e n t s n e v e r e x c e e d d e g r e e s C. Stress Sensitivity I n t e r n a l s t r e s s a r i s e s f r o m t e m p e r a t u r e g r a d i e n t s a n d f r o m s t r u c t u r a l l o a d s. T h e r m a l l y r e l a t e d s t r e s s e s a r e m o r e p r o m i n e n t i n re b a l l i n g p a c k a g e s e v e n t h o u g h b o t h o f t h e s e s o u r c e s e x i s t i n t h e p r o c e s s. W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n a t t e m p t s t o m i n i m i z e t h e r i s k o f t e m p e r a t u r e i n d u c e d c a t a s t r o p h i c f r a c t u r e s t h r o u g h c l o s e l y c o n t r o l l e d t e m p e r a t u r e c y c l i n g. U n i f o r m i t y o f h e a t a p p l i c a t i o n i s c r i t ic a l t o m i n i m i z i n g t h e s t r e s s e s i n a p a c k a g e. Before You Begin 6
10 BGA Deballing Process T h e r e a r e m a n y t o o l s o n t h e m a r k e t w h i c h w i l l r e m o v e r e s i d u a l s o l d e r f r o m B G A c o m p o n e n t s. T h e s e i n c l u d e h o t a i r v a c u u m t o o l s, s o l d e r w i c k, a n d ( o u r p r e f e r r e d m e t h o d ) l o w t e m p w a v e s o l d e r ( d e g C. ) A n y o f t h e s e t o o l s, i f u s e d p r o p e r l y, w o r k w e l l w i t h o u r S o l d e r q u i k B G A P r e f o r m s. B e c a u s e g o o d t e m p e r a t u r e c o n t r o l l e d s o l d e r i n g i r o n s a r e r e l a t i v e l y w i d e s p r e a d a n d i n e x p e n s i v e, a p r o c e s s f o r d e b a l l i n g u s i n g s o l d e r w i c k i s d e t a i l e d b e l o w. B e s u r e t o u s e c a u t i o n t h r o u g h o u t t h e d e b a l l i n g p r o c e s s, a s i t c o n t a i n s n u m e r o u s p o t e n t i a l l y d a m a g i n g m e c h a n i c a l a n d t h e r m a l s t r e s s e s. Tools and materials (Included in kit) F l u x S o l d e r w i c k I P A W ip e s ( i s o p r o p y l a l c o h o l ) C o n d u c t i v e m a t Additional recommended tools M i c r o s c o p e F u m e e x t r a c t i o n s y s t e m t o h e l p r e m o v e f u m e s c r e a t e d d u r i n g d e s o l d e r i n g. S a f e t y g l a s s e s S c i s s o r s ( t o c u t d e s o l d e r i n g b r a i d ) Preparation P r e h e a t s o l d e r i r o n P u t o n f i n g e r c o t s Pre - i n s p e c t e a c h p a c k a g e f o r c o n t a m i n a t i o n, m i s s i n g p a d s, a n d s o l d e r a b i l i t y. P u t o n s a f e t y g l a s s e s Warning: T h e f o l l o w i n g p r o c e s s e s r e q u i r e t h e u s e o f h o t s o l d e r i n g i r o n s t h a t c a n c a u s e b u r n s. T h e s o l d e r u s e d c o n t a i n s l e a d, k n o w n t o t h e S t a t e o f C a l i f o r n i a t o c a u s e c a n c e r o r r e p r o d u c t i v e t o x i c i t y. S o l d e r f l u x i s h a r m f u l i f s w a l l o w e d a n d c a n c a u s e s k i n i r r i t a t i o n. A v o i d b r e a t h i n g s o l d e r f l u x f u m e s. I P A u s e d i n t h e p r o c e s s i s f l a m m a b l e a n d h a r m f u l i f s w a l l o w e d o r i n h a l e d. P r o v i d e l o c a l a n d g e n e r a l v e n t il a t i o n t o m e e t T L V n u m b e r s. S e e p a g e 2 9 f o r m o r e w a r n i n g i n f o r m a t i o n o n c h e m i c a l s u s e d i n t h e p r o c e s s e s. Note: A m o i s t u r e r e m o v i n g b a k e i s r e c o m m e n d e d b e f o r e d e b a l l i n g. 7 B G A D e b a l l i n g P r o c e s s
11 STEP 1 Step 1 Flux package W i t h t h e p a c k a g e p a d s i d e u p o n t o p o f t h e c o n d u c t i v e m a t, a p p l y a s m a l l a m o u n t o f f l u x o n t o t h e b a l l s o f t h e B G A p a c k a g e. T o o l i t t l e f l u x m a k e s b a l l r e m o v a l d i f f i c u l t. STEP 2 Step 2 Ball removal U s i n g t h e d e s o l d e r i n g b r a i d a n d s o ld e r i n g i r o n r e m o v e t h e s o l d e r b a l l s f r o m t h e p a d s o f t h e p a c k a g e. P l a c e t h e s o l d e r b r a i d o n t o p o f t h e f l u x, t h e n p l a c e t h e s o l d e r i n g i r o n o n t o p o f t h e b r a i d. A l l o w t h e s o l d e r i n g i r o n t o h e a t t h e b r a i d a n d m e l t t h e s o l d e r b a l l s b e f o r e y o u g l i d e t h e d e s o l d e r i n g b r a i d o v e r t h e p a c k a g e s u r f a c e. F I G U R E 1 CAUTION: D o n o t p r e s s d o w n o n t h e p a c k a g e w i t h t h e s o l d e r i n g i r o n. E x c e s s i v e p r e s s u r e m a y c r a c k t h e p a c k a g e o r s c r a t c h t h e p a d s. ( S e e F i g u r e 1 ) T o a c h i e v e t h e b e s t r e s u l t s, t a k e o n e f i n a l p a s s o v e r t h e p a c k a g e w i t h a c l e a n p o r t i o n o f t h e d e s o l d e r i n g b r a i d. A s m a l l a m o u n t o f s o l d e r s h o u l d b e l e f t o n t h e p a d s t o m a k e r e b a l l i n g e a s i e r. Step 3 Clean package STEP 3 I m m e d i a t e l y c l e a n t h e p a c k a g e w i t h a n i s o p r o p y l a l c o h o l w i p e. P r o m p t c l e a n i n g o f t h e p a r t w i l l m a k e f l u x r e s i d u e e a s i e r t o r e m o v e. R e m o v e t h e i s o p r o p y l a l c o h o l w i p e f r o m i t s p a c k a g e a n d u n f o l d t h e w i p e. Using a rubbing mo t i o n o v e r t h e s u r f a c e o f t h e p a c k a g e, r e m o v e t h e p a s t e f l u x. K e e p m o v i n g t h e p a c k a g e t o a c l e a n e r p o r t i o n o f t h e w i p e. A l w a y s s up p o r t t h e o p p o s i t e s i d e o f t h e p a c k a g e w h i l e c l e a n i n g. D o n o t b e n d p a c k a g e c o r n e r s. NOTE: 1. N e v e r c l e a n t h e p a c k a g e w i t h a d i r t y p o r t i o n o f t h e w i p e. B G A D e b a l l i n g P r o c e s s 8
12 F I G U R E 2 2. A l w a y s u s e a n e w i s o p r o p y l a l c o h o l w i p e f o r e a c h p a c k a g e. Step 4 Inspection W e r e c o m m e n d t h a t i n s p e c t i o n b e d o n e u n d e r a m i c r o s c o p e. L o o k f o r c l e a n p a d s, d a m a g e d p a d s, a n d u n -r e m o v e d s o l d e r b a l l s. ( S e e F i g u r e s 2 a n d 3. ) F I G U R E 3 C L E A N NOTE: B e c a u s e o f t h e c o r r o s i v e n a t u r e o f t h e f l u x, w e r e c o m m e n d e x t r a c l e a n i n g i f t h e p a r t s a r e n o t t o b e r e b a l l e d i m m e d i a t e l y Step 5 Extra cleaning STEP 5 C O N T A M I N A T I O N A p p l y D I w a t e r t o t h e p a d s o f t h e p a c k a g e a n d s c r u b t h e p a c k a g e w i t h t h e b r u s h t h a t c o m e s w i t h t h e k i t. NOTE: T o a c h i e v e t h e b e s t c l e a n i n g r e s u l t s, b r u s h t h e p a c k a g e i n o n e d i r e c t i o n a n d t h e n t u r n t h e p a c k a g e a q u a r t e r t u r n a n d b r u s h i n t h e s a m e d i r e c t io n. F o l l o w w i t h a c i r c u l a r b r u s h i n g. Step 6 Rinse B r u s h w e l l a n d r i n s e t h e p a c k a g e w i t h D I w a t e r. T h i s w i l l h e l p f l u s h f l u x r e s i d u e f r o m t h e p a c k a g e. T h e n a l l o w t h e p a c k a g e t o air dry. Re - i n s p e c t t h e p a c k a g e p e r S t e p 4. STEP 6 I f p a c k a g e s a r e t o s i t f o r m o r e t h a n a f e w m i n u t e s b e f o r e r e b a l l i n g, i t i s e s s e n t i a l t o m a k e s u r e t h e y a r e v e r y c l e a n. S u b m e r g i n g t h e p a c k a g e i n w a t e r f o r a n y l e n g t h o f t i m e i s N O T r e c o m m e n d e d. 9 B G A D e b a l l i n g P r o c e s s
13 NOTES A word about flux T h e p a s t e f l u x w e u s e i n h o u s e a n d s e n d w i t h t h e k i t i s A l p h a M e t a l s W S W e p r o v i d e t h i s f l u x w i t h t h e k i t a s a c o u r t e s y s a m p l e o n l y a n d d o n o t f o r w a r d o r d e f e n d a n y manu f a c t u r e r s c l a i m ( s ) a s t o p e r f o r m a n c e o r s u i t a b i l i t y w i t h o u r p r o d u c t. W e h a v e t e s t e d t h i s f l u x e x t e n s i v e l y a n d r e c o m m e n d i t s u s e w i t h o u r p r o d u c t f o r t h e m a j o r i t y o f a p p l i c a t i o n s t h a t w e h a v e e n c o u n t e r e d i n o u r r e -b a l l i n g s e r v i c e s d i v i s i o n, S I X S I G M A. D u e t o t h e n a t u r e o f t h e p a s t e f l u x, i t s s e n s i t i v i t y t o s t o r a g e a n d w o r k i n g e n v i r o n m e n t a n d t h e s u p - p l y l i n e f r o m t h e m a n u f a c t u r e r s a n d / o r d i s t r i b u t o r s, W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n i s N O T a b l e t o c o n t r o l t h e a m o u n t o f t i m e r e m a i n i n g f r o m r e c e i p t o f t h e c o u r t e s y s a m p l e s u p p l i e d w i t h t h e k i t v e r s u s t h e e x p i r a t i o n d a t e p r i n t e d o n t h e f l u x s a m p l e s l a b e l. O u r e x p e r i e n c e w i t h t h i s f l u x i n d i c a t e s t h a t t h e r a t e d s h e l f l i f e i s c o n s e r v a t i v e a t b e s t, b u t i n a l l c a s e s t h e u s e r i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r c o m p l y i n g w i t h a n y i n t e r n a l l y c o n t r o l l e d m a t e r i a l s u i t a b i l i t y r e - q u i r e m e n t s. B G A D e b a l l i n g P r o c e s s 10
14 BGA Reballing Process Tools and materials P r e f o r m Fixture F l u x D I w a t e r C l e a n i n g t r a y C l e a n i n g b r u s h T w e e z e r s, b l u n t 6 A c i d b r u s h R e f l o w o v e n o r h o t a i r s y s t e m Additional recommended tools M i c r o s c o p e F i n g e r c o t s Preparation M a k e s u r e t h e B G A f i x t u r e i s c l e a n b e f o r e y o u s t a r t. P r e s e t t e m p e r a t u r e p r o f i l e f o r r e f l o w e q u i p m e n t. R e f e r t o p a g e 2 2 f o r t e m p e r a t u r e p r o f i l e i n s t r u c t i o n s. STEP 1 Step 1 Insert preform P l a c e p r e f o r m i n t o t h e f i x t u r e w i t h t h e S o l d e r Q u i k l o g o f a c i n g d o w n o n t o t h e s t e p o f t h e f i x t u r e. E n s u r e t h a t t h e p r e f o r m f i t s l o o s e l y i n t h e f i x t u r e. I f t h e p r e f o r m n e e d s t o b e n d o r b o w t o f i t i n t h e f i x t u r e t h e p r o c e s s w i l l n o t w o r k. T h e s e p r o b l e m s a r e u s u a l l y c a u s e d b y d i r t y f i x t u r e s o r p o o r l y a d j u s t e d f l e x i b l e f i x t u r e s. 11 B G A R e b a l l i n g P r o c e s s
15 STEP 2 Step 2 Apply flux to package U s e t h e p a s t e f l u x s y r i n g e t o a p p l y a s m a l l a m o u n t o f f l u x t o t h e p a c k a g e. NOTE: M a k e s u r e p a c k a g e i s c l e a n b e f o r e y o u b e g i n. ( R e f e r t o p a g e 8 a n d 9 f o r c l e a n i n g i n s t r u c t i o n s ) STEP 3 Step 3 Spread flux U s e t h e a c i d b r u s h f r o m t h e k i t t o s p r e a d t h e p a s t e e v e n l y o v e r t h e e n t i r e p a d s i d e o f t h e p a c k a g e. C o v e r e a c h p a d w i t h a t h i n layer of flux. Be s u r e a l l p a d s a r e c o v e r e d w i t h f l u x. A t h i n n e r l a y e r o f f l u x w o r k s b e t t e r t h a n a t h i c k e r l a y e r. STEP 4 Step 4 Insert Package Pla c e t h e p a c k a g e i n t o t h e f i x t u r e w i t h t h e f l u x e d s i d e o f t h e p a c k a g e a g a i n s t t h e p r e f o r m. STEP 5 Step 5 Seat Package S e a t t h e p r e f o r m a n d t h e p a c k a g e i n t o t h e f i x t u r e b y g e n t l y p r e s s i n g d o w n o n t h e p a c k a g e. M a k e s u r e t h a t t h e p a c k a g e s i t s f l a t a g a i n s t t he preform. B G A R e b a l l i n g P r o c e s s 12
16 STEP 6 Step 6 Reflow P l a c e t h e f i x t u r e i n t o t h e h o t a i r c o n v e c t i o n o v e n o r h o t a i r r e b a l l i n g s t a t i o n a n d s t a r t t h e r e f l o w h e a t c y c l e. A l l r e b a l l i n g s t a t i o n s u s e d m u s t h a v e t h e i r t e m p e r a t u r e p r o f i l e s r e s e t t o t h e d e v e l o p e d p r o f i l e. STEP 7 ( F o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n s e e p a g e 2 2 f o r d e t a i l s o n t h e r e f l o w profile.) Step 7 Cool down U s i n g t w e e z e r s, r e m o v e t h e f i x t u r e f r o m t h e o v e n o r r e b a l l i n g s t a t i o n a n d p l a c e i t o n t h e c o n d u c t i v e t r a y. A l l o w t h e p a c k a g e t o c o o l f o r a b o u t 2 m i n u t e s b e f o r e r e m o v i n g i t f r o m t h e f i x t u r e. STEP 8 Step 8 Paper removal W h e n t h e p a c k a g e h a s c o o l e d, r e m o v e t h e p a c k a g e f r o m t h e f i x t u r e a n d p l a c e i t s o l d e r b a l l s i d e u p i n t h e c l e a n i n g t r a y. Step 9 Soak STEP 9 A p p l y t h e d e -i o n i z e d w a t e r t o t h e B G A p r e f o r m a n d w a i t a b o u t 3 0 s e c o n d s f o r t h e c a rr i e r t o s o a k b e f o r e c o n t i n u i n g. Step 10 Peel back carrier 13 B G A R e b a l l i n g P r o c e s s
17 STEP 10 U s e t h e p o i n t e d t w e e z e r s f r o m t h e k i t t o r e m o v e t h e c a r r i e r f r o m t h e p a c k a g e. T h e b e s t m e t h o d f o r r e m o v i n g t h e c a r r i e r i s t o s t a r t i n o n e c o r n e r a n d p e e l t h e p a p e r a w a y f r o m t h e p a c k a g e. T h e p a p e r s h o u l d p e e l o f f i n o n e s h e e t. I f t h e p a p e r t e a r s d u r i n g r e mo v a l, s t o p a n d a d d m o r e d e - i o n i z e d w a t e r. W a i t a n o t h e r 1 5 t o 3 0 s e c o n d s b e f o r e c o n t i n u i n g. Step 11 Remove paper fragments STEP 11 Oc c a s i o n a l l y a s m a l l a m o u n t o f p a p e r r e m a i n s a f t e r t h e p r e f o r m r e m o v a l. R e m o v e t h e p a p e r f r a g m e n t w i t h t h e t w e e z e r s. S o f t l y r u n t h e t w e e z e r p o i n t s b e t w e e n t h e b a l l s w h i l e l i f t i n g t h e p a p e r a w a y f r o m t h e p a c k a g e. CAUTION: T h e t i p o f t h e t w e e z e r i s s h a r p a n d c o u l d s c r a t c h t h r o u g h t h e f r a g i l e s o l d e r m a s k i f y o u a r e n o t c a r e f u l. Step 12 Cleaning STEP 12 I m m e d i a t e l y c l e a n t h e p a c k a g e w i t h D I w a t e r a f t e r r e m o v i n g t h e p a p e r p r e f o r m. A p p l y a g e n e r o u s a m o u n t o f D I w a t e r a n d s c r u b t h e p a c k a g e w i t h t h e b r u s h. CAUTION: S u p p o r t t h e p a c k a g e w h i l e b r u s h i n g t o a v o i d m e c h a n i c a l s t r e s s. NOTE: T o a c h i e v e t h e b e s t c l e a n i n g r e s u l t s, b r u s h t h e p a c k a g e i n o n e d i r e c t i o n a n d t h e n t u r n t h e p a c k a g e a q u a r t e r t u r n a n d b r u s h i n t h e s a m e d i r e c t i o n. F o l l o w w i t h a c i r c u l a r b r u s h i n g. STEP 13 Step 13 Rinse package R i n s e t h e p a c k a g e w i t h D I w a t e r. T h i s w i l l r e m o v e s m a l l b i t s o f f l u x a n d p a p e r b r o k e n l o o s e d u r i n g t h e p r e v i o u s c l e a n i n g s t e p s. A l l o w p a c k a g e t o a i r d r y. D o n o t w i p e p a c k a g e d r y w i t h d r y p a p e r t o w e l. Step 14 Inspect package B G A R e b a l l i n g P r o c e s s 14
18 F I G U R E 4 U s e a m i c r o s c o p e t o i n s p e c t t h e p a c k a g e f o r c o n t a m i n a t i o n, m i s s i n g b a l l s, a n d f l u x r e s i d u e. R e p e a t S t e p s 1 1 t h r o u g h 1 3 i f t h e p a c k a g e n e e d s a d d i t i o n a l c l e a n i n g. F i g u r e 4 s h o w s c l e a n e d s o l d e r b a l l s. F i g u r e 5 s h o w s c o r r o s i v e r e s i d u e a r o u n d t h e b a s e o f t h e b a l l. F I G U R E 5 CAUTION: B e c a u s e t h e p r o c e s s d o e s n o t u s e a n o -c l e a n f l u x, c a r e f u l c l e a n i n g i s e s s e n t i a l t o p r e v e n t c o r r o s i o n a n d p r e v e n t l o n g t e r m r e l i a b i l i t y l o s s. T h e b e s t w a y t o d e t e r m i n e i f t h e p a c k a g e h a s b e e n c l e a n e d p r o p e r l y i s t o u s e a n I o n o g r a p h o r e q u i v a l e n t p i e c e o f e q u i p m e n t t o t e s t f o r i o n i c c o n t a m i n a t i o n. A t S I X S I G M A, a l l p r o c e s s e s a r e t e s t e d t o c o n f o r m t o u n d e r m i c r o g r a m s o f e q u i v a l e n t N a C l p e r s q u a r e c e n t i m e t e r o f a r e a. Note: T h e c l e a n i n g p r o c e s s i n s t e p s i s o n l y o n e p o s s i b l e me t h o d. S o m e o r a l l o f t h e s e s t e p s m a y b e r e p l a c e d b y a n a q u e o u s b a t c h c l e a n o r s p r a y r i n s e p r o c e s s. 15 B G A R e b a l l i n g P r o c e s s
19 Cleaning Fixtures D u r i n g t h e r e b a l l i n g p r o c e s s, t h e B G A f i x t u r e s t e n d t o g e t s t i c k y a n d d i r t y a f t e r m a n y u s e s. F i g u r e 1 0 p o i n t s o u t t h e s t e p s o n t h e f i x t u r e. I t n e e d s t o h a v e t h e f l u x r e s i d u e r e m o v e d s o t h a t t h e p a c k a g e a n d p r e f o r m w i l l s e a t i n t h e f i x t u r e p r o p e r l y. T h e f o l l o w i n g p r o c e s s w i l l w o r k o n b o t h t h e f l e x i b l e a n d f i x e d f i x t u r e s. A n u l t r a s o n i c c l e a n e r w i t h D I w a t e r a l s o p r o v i d e s a n e x c e l le n t c l e a n i n g s o l u t i o n f o r t h e f i x t u r e s. Tools and materials C l e a n i n g t r a y C l e a n i n g b r u s h B e a k e r D I w a t e r Additional recommended tools S m a l l b e a k e r o r c o n t a i n e r FIGURE 10 STEP 1 Step 1 Soak S o a k B G A f i x t u r e i n w a r m D I w a t e r f o r a b o u t 1 5 m i n u t e s. C l e a n i n g F i x t u r e s 16
20 STEP 2 Step 2 Scrub with DI water R e m o v e f i x t u r e f r o m t h e D I w a t e r a n d s c r u b t h e f i x t u r e w i t h t h e b r u s h. STEP 3 Step 3 Rinse Fixture R i n s e t h e f i x t u r e w i t h D I w a t e r. A l l o w t o a i r d r y. 17 C l e a n i n g F i x t u r e s
21 Bake and Dry-Packaging T h e b a k e o u t p r o c e d u r e i s a v e r y i m p o r t a n t o n e t o f o l l o w t o e n s u r e y o u r p a c k a g e s w i l l n o t p o p c o r n d u r i n g r e b a l l i n g. W e h i g h l y r e c o m m e n d e d t h a t y o u b a k e y o u r p a c k a g e s b e f o r e a n y r e f l o w c y c l e i f e x p o s e d t o m o i s t u r e a n d / o r a t m o s p h e r e f o r a n y e x t e n d e d p e r i o d o f t i m e. Additional recommended tools A p p r o v e d b a k e o u t o v e n E S D s a f e, m o i s t u r e b a r r i e r b a g D e s i c c a n t Preparation Pre - in s p e c t e a c h p a c k a g e f o r c o n t a m i n a t i o n, m i s s i n g p a d s, a n d s o l d e r a b l i t y. C h e c k f o r c l e a n l i n e s s. Step 1 Package moisture level S e l e c t t h e m o i s t u r e l e v e l f r o m t h e f o l l o w i n g t a b l e t o d e t e r m i n e i f b a k i n g i s r e q u i r e d f o r y o u r p a c k a g e s. T h e B G A f a b r i c a t o r i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r s p e c i f y i n g t h e m o i s t u r e s e n s i t i v i t y l e v e l o f t h e p a c k a g e. I t i s i m p o r t a n t t o k n o w t h e a t m o s p h e r i c e x p o s u r e t i m e o f y o u r p a c k a g e s. I f t h e e x p o s u r e t i m e e x c e e d s t h a t f o r s e n s i t i v i t y l e v e l s 2 t h r o u g h 5, t h e n 2 4 h o u r s o f b a k i n g a t C s h o u l d f o l l o w. (Note: W h e n y o u a r e n o t s u r e o f t h e a t m o s p h e r e e x p o s u r e t i m e o f y o u r p a c k a g e s, w e r e c o m m e n d t h a t y o u a s s u m e t h a t t h e e x p o s u r e t i m e h a s b e e n e x c e e d e d. ) CAUTION: N e v e r b a k e B G A p a c k a g e s i n p l a s t i c t r a y s t h a t a r e r a t e d l o w e r t h a n C. F u r t h e r, d o n o t u s e t r a y s w h i c h a r e n o t c l e a r l y m a r k e d w i t h t h e i r m a x i m u m s e r v i c e t e m p e r a t u r e. D o n o t l e t s o l d e r b a l l s t o u c h m e t a l s u r f a c e s d u r i n g t h e b a k e p r o c e s s. Step 2 Bake P r e s e t t h e o v e n t e m p e r a t u r e a n d t i m e a c c o r d i n g t o t h e m o i s t u r e l e v e l f r o m S t e p 1. W h e n t h e o v e n r e a c h e s o p e r a t i n g t e m p e r a t u r e, p l a c e B G A p a c k a g e s i n t h e b a k e o u t o v e n. Step 3 Dry packaging P l a c e t h e p a c k a g e s i n t o a n E S D s a f e m o i s t u r e b a r r i e r b a g a l o n g w i t h f r e s h d e s i c c a n t a f t e r t h e b a k e o u t c y c l e. T h e d e s i c c a n t w i l l h e l p k e e p t h e p a c k a g e s d r y d u r i n g s t o r a g e a n d s h i p p i n g. B a k e a n d D r y -p a c k 18
22 Moisture Level Table Sensitivity level Exposure Time 30 60% RH Sensitivity level 1 Sensitivity level 2 Sensitivity level 3 Sensitivity level 4 Sensitivity level 5 U n l i m i t e d O n e y e a r h o u r s 7 2 h o u r s 2 4 h o u r s 19 B a k e a n d D r y -p a c k
23 Flexible Fixture Setup - Optional T h e b e s t f i x t u r e t o u s e f o r m o s t a p p l i c a t i o n s i s t h e s t a t i c f i x t u r e b e c a u s e i t d o e s n o t r e q u i r e a n y s e t u p. H o w e v e r, t h e r e may n o t b e a s t a t i c f i x t u r e f o r e v e r y s i z e p a c k a g e b e i n g r e b a l l e d. T h i s i s w h e r e t h e f l e x i b l e f i x t u r e c o m e s i n h a n d y. T h e flexible fi x t u r e c a n b e s e t u p t o f i t a n y s i z e p a c k a g e f r o m 5 m m t o 5 7 m m, a n d c a n a l s o b e s e t u p f o r r e c t a n g u l a r s i z e p a c k a g e s. Tools and materials F l e x i b l e f i x t u r e 5 / 6 4 h e x k e y d r i v e r S a m p l e p a c k a g e G a u g e s e t Additional recommend tools M e t r i c c a l i p e r s o r a c c u r a t e r u l e r Packages in flexible fixture Size range 5mm to 57mm STEP 1 Step 1 Flexible fixture setup L o o s e n a l l o f t h e s h o u l d e r s c r e w s u n t i l t h e f i x t u r e p a r t s a r e f r e e t o s l i d e b u t r e t a i n r i g h t a n g l e s. Note: D o n o t l o o s e n t h e s h o u l d e r s c r e w s t o o m u c h. I f t h e s c r e w s a r e o u t t o o f a r t h e f i x t u r e i s h a r d t o u s e a n d k e e p s q u a r e ( S e e F i g u r e 6 ). F l e x i b l e F i x t u r e S e t u p 20
24 F I G U R E 6 Step 2 Determine the fixture dimension setting A d j u s t t h e f i x t u r e s o t h a t t h e p a c k a g e l o o s e l y f i t s i n i t, a n d t i g h t e n t h e s c re w s. S t e p 2 s h o w s t h e f i x t u r e w i t h t h e a r r o w s p o i n t i n g t o t h e s t e p. I n s e r t t h e p a c k a g e t o s e a t o n t h e s t e p o f t h e f i x t u r e. T h e f i x t u r e a d j u s t m e n t s h o u l d a l l o w e a s y r e m o v a l o f t h e p a c k a g e. STEP 2 Step 3 Check BGA preform fit T h e l a s t s t e p i s t o t e s t t h e f i x t u r e w i t h a B G A p r e f o r m a n d p a c k a g e i n t h e f i x t u r e t o e n s u r e a c o r r e c t f i t. Caution: T h e p r e f o r m m u s t n o t b o w o r b u c k l e a f t e r p l a c i n g i t i n t o t h e f i x t u r e. ( F o r e x a m p l e s e e F i g u r e 7 ) I f t h e p r e f o r m d o e s n o t f i t i n t h e f i x t u r e w i t h o u t b o w i n g, r e - a d j u s t t h e f i x t u r e. F I G U R E 7 BGA preform Note: Figure 7 is shown with the preform on top of the package for the purpose of clarity only! D u r i n g t h e a c t u a l p r o c e s s t h e p a c k a g e w o u l d b e o n t o p o f t h e p r e f o r m. PACKAGE 21 F l e x i b l e F i x t u r e S e t u p
25 Reflow Temperature Profile A s w i t h a l l s o l d e r i n g p r o c e s s e s, t h e t e m p e r a t u r e p r o f i l e i s t h e k e y e l e m e n t t o s o l d e r i n g s u c c e s s. W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n s B G A r e b a l l i n g p r o c e s s i s v e r y s i m p l e a n d r e p e a t a b l e, a s l o n g a s t i m e i s t a k e n t o s e t u p a t e m p e r a t u r e p r o f i l e f o r t h e h o t a i r r e f l o w e q u ip m e n t b e i n g u s e d. E v e r y p a c k a g e t y p e m a y r e q u i r e a d i f f e r e n t t h e r m a l p r o f i l e. S t a r t i n g w i t h t h e g e n e r a l p r o f i l e s h a p e b e l o w a n d a l t e r i n g i t t o a c c o u n t f o r p a c k a g e m a t e r i a l, p a c k a g e m a s s, a n d p a c k a g e s i z e s h o u l d y i e l d s a t i s f a c t o r y r e s u l t s. R e m e m b e r t o a d j u s t t h e p r o f i l e b a s e d o n t h e m e a s u r e d t e m p e r a t u r e o f t h e c o m p o n e n t. T h e o v e n t e m p e r a t u r e w i l l u s u a l l y b e d i f f e r e n t. CAUTION: D o n o t h e a t p a c k a g e s a b o v e C. T h e r e c o u l d b e a c h a n c e o f d a m a g i n g t h e p a c k a g e. Recommended reflow machine: A n y h o t a i r m a c h i n e w i t h : T i m e c o n t r o l l e d h e a t i n g c y c l e T e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e C C i r c u l a t i n g a i r f l o w General guidelines: T e m p e r a t u r e r a m p u p 1 º C / s e c o n d P e a k t e m p e r a t u r e s h o u l d b e C t o C R e m a i n a b o v e l i q u i d u s ( C ) f o r s e c o n d s L a r g e r c o m p o n e n t s o r h e a t s i n k s w i l l n e c e s s i t a t e l o n g e r h e a t c y c l e s T E M P C Reflow Temperature Profile (typical) Time (in seconds) F I G U R E 9 R e f l o w T e m p e r a t u r e P r o f i l e 22
26 WRONG WAY FIGURE 10 AIR FLOW AIR FLOW Preform PACKAGE RIGHT WAY FIGURE 11 PACKAGE AIR FLOW AIR FLOW Preform 23 R e f l o w T e m p e r a t u r e P r o f i l e
27 Air flow setup T h e h o t a i r m a c h i n e b e i n g u s e d w i l l d i c t a t e h o w t h e f i x t u r e m u s t b e s u p p o r t e d. P r o v i d e s u p p o r t t o t h e f i x t u r e s o t h a t a i r c i r c u l a t i o n r e a c h e s t h e b o t t o m o f t h e p a c k a g e o r p r e f o r m. D o n o t p l a c e t h e f i x t u r e f l a t o n a s u r f a c e a s s h o w n i n F i g u re 10. F i g u r e 1 1 s h o w s t h e c o r r e c t w a y o f h e a t i n g t h e p a c k a g e. M o s t o v e n s h a v e r a c k s t h a t w i l l a l l o w a i r t o m o v e f r e e l y a b o u t t h e f i x t u r e. H o t a i r t o o l s, u s e d t o r e m o v e p a c k a g e s f r o m P C b o a r d s, d o n o t s u p p o r t t h e f i x t u r e. A p r e f e r r e d h o t a i r t o o l s u p p l i e s h o t a i r t o b o t h t h e t o p a n d u n d e r s i d e o f t h e f i x t u r e. T h o s e t y p e s o f h o t a i r t o o l s m a y r e q u i r e s p a c e r s o r s h i m s u n d e r t h e f i x t u r e t o a l l o w h o t a i r t o f l o w u n d e r t h e f i x t u r e. A i r f l o w a l l a r o u n d t h e p a c k a g e e n s u r e s e v e n h e a t i n g o f t h e p a c k a g e. P a c k a g e s n o t u n i f o r m l y h e a t e d m a y d e v e l o p a t e m p e r a t u r e g r a d i e n t w i t h i n t h e p a c k a g e. H i g h t e m p e r a t u r e g r a d i e n t s l e a d t o h i g h s t r e s s e s t h a t c o u l d d a m a g e t h e p a c k a g e. Measure package temperature T o c r e a t e w o r k i n g t e m p e r a t u r e p r o f i l e s, t h e r m o c o u p l e s a r e p l a c e d o n v a ri o u s a r e a s o f t h e p a c k a g e a n d t h e i r t e m p e r a t u r e s a r e m o n i t o r e d u n t i l a n o p t i m i z e d p r o f i l e h a s b e e n f o u n d. T h i s m e t h o d o f p a c k a g e h e a t i n g e n s u r e s u n i f o r m h e a t d i s t r i b u t i o n a n d m i n i m u m t h e r m a l s h o c k t o t h e p a c k a g e. D e v e l o p w o r k i n g p r o f i l e s f o r t h e p a rt i c u l a r h o t a i r s y s t e m b e i n g u s e d. R e c o r d t i m e a n d t e m p e r a t u r e d a t a. R e f l o w T e m p e r a t u r e P r o f i l e 24
28 Frequently Asked Questions Q Why doesn t Winslow Automation supply fluxed desoldering braid with their kit? A W i n s l o w A u t o m a t i o n p u r p o s e f u l l y p r o v i d e d p a s t e f l u x a n d f l u x-f r e e d e s o l d e r i n g b r a i d s o t h a t t h e r e w i l l b e n o c h e m i c a l i n t e r m i x i n g b e t w e e n a f l u x e d b r a i d a n d a c u s t o m e r s u p p l i e d f l u x. Q How do I know the package is cleaned sufficiently? A T h e b e s t w a y t o d e t e r m i n e i f t h e p a c k a g e h a s b e e n c l e a n e d p r o p e r l y i s t o u s e a n I o n o g r a p h o r e q u i v a l e n t p i e c e o f e q u i p m e n t t o t e s t f o r i o n i c c o n t a m i n a t i o n. Q What should the balls look like after reballing? A A f t e r r e f l o w, t h e b a l l s o n t h e p a c k a g e s h o u l d b e s p h e r i c a l a n d s m o o t h. A n o r a n g e p e e l t e x t u r e t o t h e b a l l s u s u a l l y s i g n i f i e s t o o l o n g a t i m e a b o v e r e f l o w, t o o h o t a r e f l o w t e m p e r a t u r e o r t o o s l o w o f a c o o l-d o w n c y c l e. Q The paper is sticking to the package during the paper removal step. What can I do? A A p p l y i n g m o r e w a t e r a n d a l l o w i n g t h e p a p e r t o s o a k f o r a l o n g e r t i m e u s u a l l y s o l v e s t h i s p r o b l e m. I n c r e a s i n g w a t e r t e m p e r a t u r e a l s o h a s a p o s i t i v e e f f e c t. T h i s p r o b l e m i s u s u a l l y i n d i c a t i v e o f a r e f l o w c y c l e t h a t i s t o o h o t o r t o o l o n g. Q One ball did not attach during the reballing process? What can I do? A F l u x a p p l i c a t i o n a n d t h e r m a l p r o f i l i n g a r e o f t e n t h e c a u s e o f b a l l a t t a c h p r o b l e m s. A p p l y a s m a l l a m o u n t o f f l u x t o t h e p a d a n d p u t a n i n d i v i d u a l b a l l o n t h e f l u x a n d r e f l o w. T h i s w i l l a t t a c h t h e b a l l t h a t d i d n o t s t i c k t h e f i r s t t i m e. I f m a n y b a l l s d i d n o t a t t a c h, y o u w i l l h a v e t o d e b a l l a n d s t a r t o v e r. Q After several uses, the preforms stop fitting properly into the fixtures. Why is this? A F l u x c a n b u i l d u p o n t h e i n s i d e o f t h e f i x t u r e a n d c a u s e p r e f o r m f i t p r o b l e m s. C l e a n t h e f i x t u r e w i t h t h e i n s t r u c t i o n s o n p a g e F r e q u e n t l y A s k e d Q u e s t i o n s
29 Glossary Array: A g r o u p o f e l e m e n t s, f o r e x a m p l e, s o l d e r b a l l s o r p a d s, a r r a n g e d i n r o w s a n d c o l u m n s i n o n e p l a n e. Bake & dry pack: Bake i n a n o v e n f o r a t i m e b a s e d o n t h e J E D E C m o i s t u r e l e v e l t a b l e a n d v a c u u m p a c k w i t h a d e s i c c a n t. BGA: B a l l G r i d A r r a y Base Metal: T h e u n d e r l y i n g m e t a l s u r f a c e t o b e w e t t e d b y s o l d e r. BT substrate: S u b s t r a t e u s e d f o r B G A p a c k a g e s h a v i n g h i g h h e a t r e s i s t a n t t h e r m o s e t t i n g r e s i n o f t h e a d d i t i o n a l p o l y m e r i z a t i o n t y p e w i t h t w o m a i n c o m p o n e n t s B ( B i s m a l e i m i d e ) a n d T ( T r i a z i n e R e s i n ) Crazing : T h e p r e s e n c e o f n u m e r o u s m i n u t e c r a c k s i n t h e r e f e r e n c e d m a t e r i a l ( f o r e x a m p l e, s o l d e r m a s k crazing). Desiccant: A d r y in g a g e n t u s e d t o l o w e r t h e m o i s t u r e c o n t e n t o f a i r i n s i d e a c l o s e d s p a c e. Dewetting: A c o n d i t i o n t h a t r e s u l t s w h e n m o l t e n s o l d e r c o a t s a s u r f a c e a n d t h e n r e c e d e s t o l e a v e irregularly -s h a p e d m o u n d s o f s o l d e r t h a t a r e s e p a r a t e d b y a r e a s t h a t a r e c o v e r e d w i t h a t h i n f i l m o f s o l d e r a n d w i t h t h e b a s e m e t a l n o t e x p o s e d. DI water: W a t e r t h a t h a s h a d i o n s i n i t r e m o v e d s o t h a t i t d o e s n o t c o n d u c t e l e c t r i c i t y w e l l. Electrostatic discharge (ESD): T h e t r a n s f e r o f e l e c t r o s t a t i c c h a r g e b e t w e e n b o d i e s o r s u r f a c e s t h a t are a t d i f f e r e n t e l e c t r o s t a t i c p o t e n t i a l s. Eutectic solder: T h e l o w e s t m e l t i n g p o i n t c o m p o s i t i o n p o s s i b l e f o r a m i x t u r e o f l e a d a n d t i n. E u t e c t i c s o l d e r i s 6 3 % T i n a n d 3 7 % L e a d. Flux: A c h e m i c a l l y a n d p h y s i c a l l y a c t i v e c o m p o u n d t h a t, w h e n h e a t e d, p r o m o t e s t h e w e t t i n g o f a b a s e m e t a l s u r f a c e b y m o l t e n s o l d e r b y r e m o v i n g m i n o r s u r f a c e o x i d a t i o n. Foreign material: A n y m a t e r i a l t h a t i s f o r e i g n t o t h e m i c r o c i r c u i t o r p a c k a g e, o r a n y n a t i v e m a t e r i a l d i s p l a c e d f r o m i t s o r i g i n a l o r i n t e n d e d p o s i t i o n w i t h i n t h e m i c r o c i r c u i t p a c k a g e. Hermetic package: A p a c k a g e t h a t p r o v i d e s a b s o l u t e s e a l i n g f r o m e x t e r n a l m o i s t u r e. High temperature solder: S o l d e r t h a t i s 9 0 % l e a d a n d 1 0 % t i n. G l o s s a r y 26
30 Humidity indicator card: A c a r d c o n t a i n i n g c h e m i c a l l y i m p r e g n a t e d, h u m i d i t y s e n s i t i v e, c o l o r c h a n g i n g s p o t s u s e d t o d e t e c t t h e a p p r o x i m a t e r e l a t i v e h u m i d i t y o f a i r. IPA: I s o p r o p y l A l c o h o l JEDEC: J o i n t S o l i d S t a t e P r o d u c t s E n g i n e e r i n g C o u n c i l Moisture barrier bag: A b a g o r p o u c h u s e d t o p r o v i d e a d r y e n v i r o n m e n t f o r m o i s t u r e s e n s i t i v e i t e m s d u r i n g s h i p p i n g a n d s t o r a g e. Non-wetting, Solder: T h e p a r t i a l a d h e r e n c e o f m o l t e n s o l d e r t o a s u r f a c e t h a t i t h a s c o n t a c t e d ; b a s e m e t a l r e m a i n s e x p o s e d. Pad: T h e e l e c t r i c a l c o n t a c t a r e a o n a p a c k a g e s u b s t r a t e. Pb: L e a d, a h e a v y, s o f t, m a l l e a b l e, m e t a l l i c e l e m e n t t h a t i s b l u i s h g r a y i n c o l o r. Popcorning: C a t a s t r o p h i c l o s s o f B G A p a c k a g e d u e t o m o i s t u r e w i t h i n t h e p a c k a g e c o n v e r t i n g t o s t e a m f r o m a p p l i e d h e a t a n d r u p t u r i n g t h e p a c k a g e. Porosity: A c o n d i t i o n o f a s o l d e r c o a t i n g w i t h a s p o n g y, u n e v e n s u r f a c e t h a t c o n t a i n s a c o n c e n t r a t i o n o f s ma l l p i n h o l e s a n d p i t s. Pinholes and voids: H o l e s p e n e t r a t i n g e n t i r e l y t h r o u g h t h e s o l d e r l a y e r. Semiconductor die: T h e a c t u a l i n t e g r a t e d c i r c u i t t h a t h a s b e e n i m p r i n t e d o n s i l i c o n o r a n o t h e r s e m i c o n d u c t o r. Sn: T i n, a l o w m e l t i n g, m a l l e a b l e, d u c t i l e m e t a l l i c e l e m e n t n e a r l y a p p r o a c h i n g s i l v e r i n c o l o r. Solder: A m e t a l a l l o y u s e d i n n u m e r o u s j o i n i n g a p p l i c a t i o n s i n m i c r o e l e c t r o n ic s. T h e m o s t c o m m o n l y u s e d s o l d e r s a r e t i n -l e a d a l l o y s. Solderability: T h e a b i l i t y o f a m e t a l t o b e w e t t e d b y m o l t e n s o l d e r. Solder mask: P r o t e c t i v e c o a t i n g a p p l i e d t o e l e c t r o n i c c o m p o n e n t s t o p r o t e c t t h e a r e a f r o m d e p o s i t s o f s o l d e r. TBGA: T a p e B a l l Gr i d A r r a y Via: A n o p e n i n g i n t h e d i e l e c t r i c l a y e r ( s ) t h r o u g h w h i c h a c o n d u c t o r p a s s e s u p w a r d s o r d o w n w a r d s t o s u b s e q u e n t c h i p o r p a c k a g e c o n d u c t i v e l a y e r s f o r e l e c t r i c a l i n t e r c o n n e c t i o n s o r f o r h e a t t r a n s f e r. Wetting: T h e f o r m a t i o n o f a r e l a t i v e l y u n i f o r m, s m o o t h a n d u n b r o k e n f i l m o f s o l d e r, a d h e r i n g t o t h e b a s e m e t a l. 27 G l o s s a r y
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