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1
2
3 a. l.
4 1 miliardo a. l.
5 The Big Bang Model
6 Leptons Quarks Fermions uup d down n e e-neutrino e elettrone c charm s strange n m m-neutrino m muone t top b bottom n t t-neutrino ttau Bosons g gluone g fotone W bosone Z bosone Higgs Boson
7 7 big questions in modern physics: what happened to antimatter? black holes what happens inside? what are the dark matter and dark energy? Schroedinger cat aradox which is the solution? the neutron stars structure is there place for strangeness inside? is there one or are they more Universes? do aliens exist? F.Riggi, Microcosmo e macrocosmo, Vacanze studio Gennaio 2002
8 7 big questions in modern physics: what happened to antimatter? black holes what happens inside? what are the dark matter and dark energy? Schroedinger cat aradox which is the solution? the neutron stars structure is there place for strangeness inside? is there one or are they more Universes? do aliens exist? F.Riggi, Microcosmo e macrocosmo, Vacanze studio Gennaio 2002
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10 La storia dell Universo
11 10-6 sec. Matter antimatter annihilation
12
13 CP violation (CPT) Assymetry between laws of matter and laws of antimatter e KLOE at DAFNE LHCb at LHC-CERN...
14
15
16 ATLAS Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, info: NAUTILUS ADA e ADONE BTF DAFNE KLOE OPERA DAFNE-L Centro di Calcolo FISA Auditorium FINUDA DEAR
17 Large Hadron Collider
18
19 LHCb
20 7 big questions in modern physics: what happened to antimatter? black holes what happens inside? what are the dark matter and dark energy? Schroedinger cat aradox which is the solution? the neutron stars structure is there place for strangeness inside? is there one or are they more Universes? do aliens exist? F.Riggi, Microcosmo e macrocosmo, Vacanze studio Gennaio 2002
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25 Relativita generale La materia dice allo spazio come curvarsi, lo spazio dice alla materia come muoversi.
26 Relativita generale 1919 conferna relativita generale: Sir Arthur Eddington (foto durante eclissi...)
27
28 Credit: Adam Apollo
29
30 Hawking radiation (quantum effect)
31 Lanciarsi in un buco nero?
32 7 big questions in modern physics: what happened to antimatter? black holes what happens inside? what are the dark matter and dark energy? Schroedinger cat aradox which is the solution? the neutron stars structure is there place for strangeness inside? is there one or are they more Universes? do aliens exist? F.Riggi, Microcosmo e macrocosmo, Vacanze studio Gennaio 2002
33
34 a. l.
35 1 miliardo a. l.
36 Normal Matter 4% Dark Energy 73% Dark Matter 23%
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40 Relativita generale La materia dice allo spazio come curvarsi, lo spazio dice alla materia come muoversi.
41 7 big questions in modern physics: what happened to antimatter? black holes what happens inside? what are the dark matter and dark energy? Schroedinger cat aradox which is the solution? the neutron stars structure is there place for strangeness inside? is there one or are they more Universes? do aliens exist? F.Riggi, Microcosmo e macrocosmo, Vacanze studio Gennaio 2002
42 The Standard Model
43 The Standard Model
44 Neutron stars
45
46 EXERCISE: How much is the weight of a milk-shake made of collapsed matter? Pesa 100 Miliardi di Tonnellate!!! Le pulsar sono oggetti con queste densità con 20 km di raggio che possono compiere decine e centinaia di giri al secondo su loro stesse Anche la velocità è un parametro da cui dipende l emissione
47
48
49
50 DAΦNE, since 1998
51 SIDDHARTA SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Applications
52 K - Formazione di un atomo esotico 2) Cascade (atomo kaonico) n ~ sqrt(m*/me) n ~ 25 (for K-p) (M* : K-p reduced mass) highly-excited state 1) Initial capture K - deexcite e - Auger Electron X-ray K - 3) Strong interaction Nucleus 4) Absorption Shift and Width of last orbit stopped in a target medium The strong int. width > Radiative e.g. trans. width 1s for K-p, K-d 2p for K-He
53 1 cm 2 x 144 SDDs
54 SIDDHARTA overview Target 510 MeV/c y x 127 MeV/c Δp/p=0.1% 510 MeV/c z 54
55
56 )
57
58 Hydrogen spectrum EM value K-p Kα Kaonic hydrogen Kα Kβ higher Ti Kα Ti Kβ KC65 KO76 KN65 Cu KC75 KO65 KC54 KAl87 simultaneous fit Deuterium spectrum Background estimation
59 7 big questions in modern physics: what happened to antimatter? black holes what happens inside? what are the dark matter and dark energy? Schroedinger cat aradox which is the solution? the neutron stars structure is there place for strangeness inside? how many Universes do exist? do aliens exist? F.Riggi, Microcosmo e macrocosmo, Vacanze studio Gennaio 2002
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61
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63 More Universes with different physics
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66 Level II Multiverse Theory An expansion of the Level I theory Called Chaotic Eternal Inflation States that there is an infinite number of Level I multiverses with their own physical constants, meaning an infinite number of universes, each containing an infinite number of universes similar to ours (Hubble Volumes). These universes have different physical constants, dimensions, and particles.
67 Many-world from QM
68 Il gatto di Schrodinger
69 Il gatto di Schrodinger MQ: Il gatto e 50% vivo e 50% morto!
70 Il gatto di Schrodinger
71 Tutta una serie di interpretazioni della meccanica quantistica: -De Broglie Bohm - Many-World Interpretations -Collasso della funzione d onda -...
72
73
74 7 big questions in modern physics: what happened to antimatter? black holes what happens inside? what are the dark matter and dark energy? Schroedinger cat aradox which is the solution? the neutron stars structure is there place for strangeness inside? how many Universes do exist? do aliens exist? F.Riggi, Microcosmo e macrocosmo, Vacanze studio Gennaio 2002
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76 Fermi paradox Where are they if they exist, why are they not here?
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82 They are here -UFO
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91
92
93
94 C. Sagan & F. Drake Pioneer 10 ( ) e 11
95
96
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98 What about the inforrmation? Hawking & Preskill (the bet)
99 Holographic principle
100
101 The black holes war Maldacena
102 Dual theories Maldacena
103 Black hole war Hawking lost the bet
104 We need quantum gravity!
105 Scorciatoie spazio-temporali
106
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