Electricity. Greeks learned about charge by rubbing amber (fossilized tree resin) Greek word for amber = elektron. Picture from wikipedia
|
|
- Sharlene McDowell
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Electricity Greeks learned about charge by rubbing amber (fossilized tree resin) Greek word for amber = elektron Picture from wikipedia
2 Atomic Structure - A Who s Who J. J. Thomson Ernest Rutherford Robert Millikan Discovered electron (Measured charge divided by mass) Discovered nuclear structure Measured charge of electron (thereby finding its mass)
3 Who s Who in Electricity Benjamin Franklin Charles-Augustin de Coulomb Henry Cavendish Discovered electric force law Defined positive vs. negative charge
4 Who s Who in Electricity Michael Faraday Left school at age 13 became book binder read books he bound learned science (but not math!) asked author he read to work in his lab became great scientist and inventor invented notion of fields
5 Who s Who in Electricity Karl Gauss Numerous contributions to electromagnetic theory
6 Who s Who in Electricity Alessandro Volta Invented battery
7 Who s Who in Electricity Otto von Guericke Credited with first electrostatic generator - Put ball (made of sulphur) on wooden cradle, spin it and rub by hand
8 Who s Who in Electricity Ewald Jürgen von Kleist Pieter van Musschenbroek Independently developed the Leyden jar, an early capacitor (1745)
9 Who s Who in Electricity Invented battery - Voltaic pile Alessandro Volta
10 Batteries - from Volta to today Anode Cathode
11 Who s Who in Electricity André-Marie Ampère
12 Who s Who in Electricity Georg Ohm
13 Who s Who in Electricity Contributed to: Electric Circuits Spectroscopy Black-body radiation Gustav Kirchhoff
14 Who s Who in Electricity John Ambrose Fleming Vacuum tube diode Russell Ohl Diodes with p-n junctions - Toward modern electronics!
15 Who s Who in Electricity Lee De Forest Triode Transistors (1940s-50s, 50s-60s, and today)
16 Who s Who in Electricity William Shockley Modern transistors - npn and pnp junctions Walter Brattain Integrated circuits - John Bardeen
17 Who s Who in Magnetism William Gilbert Said Earth is magnet with iron core
18 Who s Who in Magnetism Discovered that magnetism can be created by currents Hans Christian Oersted
19 Who s Who in Magnetism Scientist and inventor, AC power, AC motors, wireless transmission Nikola Tesla
20 Who s Who in Magnetism Worked on electricity, optics, relativity Hendrik Lorentz
21 Who s Who in Magnetism Joseph Larmor
22 Who s Who in Magnetism Wilhelm Weber Invented the telegraph (with Gauss) Karl Gauss Numerous contributions to electromagnetic theory
23 Who s Who in Magnetism Discovered effect while graduate student at Johns Hopkins Edwin Hall
24 Who s Who in Magnetism Jean-Baptiste Biot Felix Savart Developed law in 1820
25 Who s Who in Electricity André-Marie Ampère
26 Who s Who in Magnetism Michael Faraday Joseph Henry electromagnets, First Secretary of the Smithsonian
27 Who s Who in Magnetism early studies in bioelectricity, colleague of Volta Luigi Galvani
28 Who s Who in Magnetism Heinrich Lenz
29 Who s Who in Magnetism James Clerk Maxwell one of the greatest physicists of all time, electromagnetism, thermodynamics/ statistical mechanics
30 Who s Who in Optics Heinrich Hertz
31 Who s Who in Optics John Poynting
32 Who s Who in Optics Willebrord Snellius Rene Decartes Thomas Harriot ibn Sahl ~
33 Who s Who in Optics Christiaan Huygens
34 Who s Who in Optics Arthur Compton
35 Who s Who in Optics Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt)
36 Chapter 21 Electric Announcements Charge and Electric Field PowerPoint Lectures for University Physics, Twelfth Edition Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman Lectures by James Pazun Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
37 Forces of Nature All interactions in the entire universe (!) can be described by four forces You ve studied only the gravitational force This semester, we ll do electricity and magnetism Amazingly the two turn out to be part of the same force - the electromagnetic force We ll hint at a third force soon, the last one is covered in Modern Physics class Supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way (Sagittarius A)
38 Review of the Gravitational Force Objects have an intrinsic property called mass m An object s mass can be 0 (light - a photon) Two objects with mass attract each other, the force is This works for any two objects: Universal gravitation F is a vector force along line connecting masses (ˆr ) - sign force is attractive (always!) G F = Gm 1m 2 ˆr is a measure of strength of gravitational force ( coupling constant ) G is small Force goes like r 2 Force proportional to mass gravity is very weak 1/r 2 weaker for masses that are further apart more mass means stronger force
39 Electric Charge Objects have another intrinsic property called charge q Greeks learned this by rubbing amber (fossilized tree resin) Greek word for amber = elektron Do Balloons Demo Amber from wikipedia
40 Electric Charge Two kinds of charges Called positive (+) and negative (-) By convention (due to Benjamin Franklin) Objects with charge feel a force Like charges repel, opposites attract This is known from experiment/observation Objects can also be charge neutral Most matter is net charge neutral Neutral matter contains the same amount of positive and negative charges Why is most matter neutral? Benjamin Franklin
41 Matter as Charges Matter is made up of protons, neutrons and electrons The unit of charge is Coulombs: q = e q =0 q = e [q] = Coulombs The charge of a proton is e = (14) C e C Note, Memorize this! m electron m proton m electron m proton
42 Make-up of Atoms m electron m proton Since, they behave very differently! When the charges are free, electrons move much easier than protons They feel the same force (Newton s Third Law pairs), but their acceleration is different! Inside atoms, we think of the lighter electrons orbiting protons like the Earth orbits the Sun This will change when we learn quantum mechanics (Modern Physics) Protons and neutrons reside in the nucleus of the atom F e on p motion F p on e
43 How Do We Know? Electrons discovered in 1897 by Thomson It was thought that the positive charges were distributed evenly throughout the matter (Thomson s plum pudding model) Rutherford experiment 1907 His assistant (Geiger) developed a counter of alpha particles Alpha particles (helium nuclei, discovered in 1895) shot into a foil made of gold, they found more particles bounced backwards than expected Conclusion - Almost all the mass is localized in small regions If an atom was the size of a football stadium, the nucleus would be basketballs at the 50-yard line and the electrons would be in the highest seats Most of what makes up matter (your desk, your fingers,...) is almost entirely empty space!
44 Atoms - Neutrals and Ions Neutral matter is neutral not because it is made up of uncharged particles, but because it is made up of equal numbers of positive and negative charges.
45 The Electric Force How would you determine the electric force between charges? Same way Cavendish did for gravitation in torsional balance! Coulomb measured the electrostatic force (for charges at rest) in Cavendish already did it, but didn t publish! Henry Cavendish Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
46 Coulomb s Law The result (Coulomb s Law) is astounding! F = kq 1q 2 r 2 Looks just like gravitational force! ˆr Finish this Again an inverse square law Mass m => Charge q Gravitational constant G => Coulomb s constant k (electrostatic coupling constant)
47 Chapter 21 Electric Announcements Charge and Electric Field PowerPoint Lectures for University Physics, Twelfth Edition Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman Lectures by James Pazun Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
48 Coulomb s Law The result (Coulomb s Law) is astounding! F = kq 1q 2 r 2 Looks just like gravitational force! ˆr Measure with voltmeter Again an inverse and plasma square ball? law Mass m => Charge q Gravitational constant G => Coulomb s constant k (electrostatic coupling constant)
49 Examples of electrical force calculated I A fascinating comparison of gravitational force to electrostatic force is shown in Example 21.1 and Figure Regard Problem-Solving Strategy See also Example 21.2 and Figure
50 Examples of electrical force calculated II Consider Example 21.3 and Figure See also Example 21.4 and Figure
51 Movement of charges charging by conduction Materials that allow easy passage of charge are called conductors. Materials that resist electronic flow are called insulators. The motion of electrons through conducts and about insulators allows us to observe opposite charges attract and like charges repel.
52 Electrons move freely and charges may be induced Take a child s toy, a rubber balloon. If you rub the balloon vigorously on a fuzzy sweater then bring the balloon slowly toward a painted concrete or plaster wall, the balloon will stick to the wall and remain for some time. The electrostatic force between static electrons and the induced positive charge in the wall attract more strongly than the weight of the balloon.
53 Static electricity about an insulator can shift The motion of static charges about a plastic comb and light bits of paper can cause attractive forces strong enough to overcome the weight of the paper.
54 Electric fields may be mapped by force on a test charge If one measured the force on a test charge at all points relative to another charge or charges, an electric field may be mapped. This experiment is often done in one s mind (called a gedanken experiment ).
55 Electric fields I the point charge Fields of force may be sketched for different arrangements of charge. Consider Example 21.6 and Figure
56 Electric fields II charges in motion within a field Consider Example Consider Example 21.8 and Figure
57 Electric fields add as vectors Regard Figure Review Problem-Solving Strategy Follow Example 21.9 and Figure
58 A field around a ring or line of charge Review Example and Figure Review Example and Figure
59 A field around a disk or sheet of charge Review Example and Figure Review Example and Figure
60 Electric field lines map out regions of equivalent force I
61 Electric dipoles and water As mentioned in the introduction, the dipole force of water is vital to chemistry and biology.
62 Consider force and torque on a dipole Regard Figure Follow Example and Figure
63 The electric field of a dipole revisited Consider Example Figure illustrates the example.
Electric Field. Chapter 21. PowerPoint Lectures for University Physics, Twelfth Edition Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman. Lectures by James Pazun
Chapter 21 Electric Charge and Electric Field PowerPoint Lectures for University Physics, Twelfth Edition Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman Lectures by James Pazun Main objects 1. Electric charge (defn,
More informationChapter 23. Electric Charge and Electric Field
Chapter 23 Electric Charge and Electric Field Goals for Chapter 23 To study electric charge and see how charge behaves in conductors and insulators To calculate force with Coulomb s Law To consider the
More informationElectromagnetic Theory PHYS 401/402
Electromagnetic Theory PHYS 401/402 Fall 2017 Lalith Perera, lpperera@olemiss.edu Office: Kennon 1 Office hours: M,Tu Th 3:00-4:00 PM Web page: http://www.phy.olemiss.edu/~perera/em 1 Electromagnetic Theory
More informationUpdating the Atomic Theory
Updating the Atomic Theory Three major differences between modern atomic theory and Dalton s atomic theory 1. Atoms are NOT indivisible. They are made up of smaller particles: electrons, protons and neutrons.
More informationChapter 1 Electric Charges, Forces, and Fields
Chapter 1 Electric Charges, Forces, and Fields 1 Units of Chapter 1 Electric Charge Insulators and Conductors Coulomb s Law The Electric Field Electric Field Lines Electric Fields Generated by simple distributions
More informationUnit 3. Electrostatics
Unit 3. Electrostatics Electricity throughout history Even though electricity is present in nature in many ways lightning is probably the most spectacular one, it has not been easy to interpret and understand
More informationP.Ravindran, PHY041: Electricity & Magnetism 08 January 2013: Electrostatics
Electrostatics 1 History The word electricity comes from the Greek elektron which means amber. The amber effect is what we call static electricity. Brief History 900 BC Greek shepherd Magnus (a story about
More informationUpdating the Atomic Theory
Updating the Atomic Theory On the basis of Dalton s Atomic Theory: An atom is the basic unit of an element that can enter into chemical combination. Three major differences between modern atomic theory
More informationSinfonia. Professor Hong Guo 1
Sinfonia Professor Hong Guo (hongguo@pku.edu.cn) IQE@EE.EECS.PKU CREAM@IQE.EE.EECS.PKU 1 CREAM@IQE.EE.EECS.PKU 2 CREAM@IQE.EE.EECS.PKU 3 CREAM@IQE.EE.EECS.PKU 4 CREAM@IQE.EE.EECS.PKU 5 CREAM@IQE.EE.EECS.PKU
More informationCh. 19: Electric charges, Forces, and Fields. (Dr. Andrei Galiautdinov, UGA) 2014FALL - PHYS1112
Ch. 19: Electric charges, Forces, and Fields (Dr. Andrei Galiautdinov, UGA) 2014FALL - PHYS1112 Paper & comb demo 1 The most basic electrical phenomenon static electricity The silk handkerchief exhibits
More informationTechnical English for Electrical Engineering. F.Bardak Manisa Celal Bayar University Fall 2015
Technical English for Electrical Engineering F.Bardak Manisa Celal Bayar University Fall 2015 English to Turkish Translation from Fundamental Electrical Engineering Textbooks From Principles and Application
More informationLearning Outcomes from Last Time. Class 3. Learning Outcomes. What Causes Forces -Two Experiments. What Causes Forces -Two Experiments
Learning Outcomes from Last Time Class 3 Electrostatic Forces Physics 106 Winter 2018 Press CTRL-L to view as a slide show. You should be able to answer these questions: What is science? What is physics?
More information2 Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
CHEMISTRY & YOU Chapter 4 Atomic Structure 4.1 Defining the Atom 4.2 Structure of the Nuclear Atom How did scientists determine the structures that are inside an atom? X-rays are used to see structures
More informationIntroduction to Electromagnetism
Introduction to Electromagnetism Electric Field Lines If a charge feels an electrostatic force (Coulombic Force), it is said to be in an electric field. We like to represent electric fields with lines.
More information4.2 Structure of the Nuclear Atom > Chapter 4 Atomic Structure. 4.2 Structure of the Nuclear Atom. 4.1 Defining the Atom
Chapter 4 Atomic Structure 4.1 Defining the Atom 4.2 Structure of the Nuclear Atom 4.3 Distinguishing Among Atoms 1 CHEMISTRY & YOU How did scientists determine the structures that are inside an atom?
More informationHistory of Electromagnetics
History of Electromagnetics Eung Je Woo Department of Biomedical Engineering Impedance Imaging Research Center (IIRC) Kyung Hee University Korea ejwoo@khu.ac.kr 1 References Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wiki
More informationElectric Charge. Demo Lab. Return to Table of Contents. abp_electric charge force presentation_ notebook. March 21, 2017
abp_electricchargeforcepresentation_20170207.notebook Electric Charge Demo Lab https://www.njctl.org/video/?v=xbmbaekusb4 Return to Table of Contents 1 abp_electricchargeforcepresentation_20170207.notebook
More informationHW Chapter 16 Q 6,8,10,18,19,21 P 1,2,3,4. Chapter 16. Part 1: Electric Forces and Electric Fields. Dr. Armen Kocharian
HW Chapter 16 Q 6,8,10,18,19,21 P 1,2,3,4 Chapter 16 Part 1: Electric Forces and Electric Fields Dr. Armen Kocharian First Observations Greeks Observed electric and magnetic phenomena as early as 700 BC
More informationChapter 15. Electric Forces and Electric Fields
Chapter 15 Electric Forces and Electric Fields First Observations Greeks Observed electric and magnetic phenomena as early as 700 BC Found that amber, when rubbed, became electrified and attracted pieces
More informationPHYSICS. Chapter 22 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT Pearson Education, Inc.
PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E Chapter 22 Lecture RANDALL D. KNIGHT 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 22 Electric Charges and Forces IN THIS CHAPTER, you will learn that
More informationHeinrich Hertz ( ) Discovery of Radio Waves 1887
Heinrich Hertz (1857-1894) Discovery of Radio Waves 1887 Static Electricity Thales of Miletus (624 526 BC) Two pieces of amber rubbed with wool or two pieces of glass rubbed with silk would repel each
More informationPhysics 30 Modern Physics Unit: Atomic Basics
Physics 30 Modern Physics Unit: Atomic Basics Models of the Atom The Greeks believed that if you kept dividing matter into smaller and smaller pieces, you would eventually come to a bit of matter that
More informationElectric Charge. Labs, Activities & Demonstrations: Notes: Unit: Electricity & Magnetism NGSS Standards: N/A
Add Important Electric Charge Page: 44 NGSS Standards: N/A Electric Charge MA Curriculum Frameworks (006): 5.1, 5.4 AP Physics 1 Learning Objectives: 1.B.1.1, 1.B.1., 1.B..1, 1.B.3.1 Knowledge/Understanding
More informationChapter 15. Electric Forces and Electric Fields
Chapter 15 Electric Forces and Electric Fields First Studies Greeks Observed electric and magnetic phenomena as early as 700 BC Found that amber, when rubbed, became electrified and attracted pieces of
More informationJoy of Science Discovering the matters and the laws of the universe
Joy of Science Discovering the matters and the laws of the universe Key Words Universe, Energy, Quantum mechanics, Chemical reaction, Structure of matter Unless otherwise noted, copied pictures are taken
More informationAtoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table
chapter 00 3 3 Atoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table section 1 Structure of Matter Before You Read Take a deep breath. What fills your lungs? Can you see it or hold it in your hand? What You ll Learn
More informationElectrostatics. Do Now: Describe the Concept of charge
Electrostatics Do Now: Describe the Concept of charge Electrostatics The study of electrical charges that can be collected and held in one place Also referred to as static electricity Types of Charge:
More informationInternational Journal of Mathematics and Computer Sciences (IJMCS) Vol.10 October 2012 International Scientific Researchers (ISR) ISSN:
California Physics Standard 5e Send comments to: layton@physics.ucla.edu Electric and magnetic phenomena are related and have many practical applications As a basis for understanding this concept: e. Students
More informationGreeks noticed when they rubbed things against amber an invisible force of attraction occurred.
Ben Franklin, 1750 Kite Experiment link between lightening and sparks Electrostatics electrical fire from the clouds Greeks noticed when they rubbed things against amber an invisible force of attraction
More informationLightning is an electrostatic discharge that travels between two charged regions.
Electromagnetism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Electromagnetism is a branch of physics which involves the study of the electromagnetic force, a type of physical interaction that occurs between
More informationHistory of the Atom. Say Thanks to the Authors Click (No sign in required)
History of the Atom Say Thanks to the Authors Click http://www.ck12.org/saythanks (No sign in required) To access a customizable version of this book, as well as other interactive content, visit www.ck12.org
More informationAnnouncements. I clickers. Expected to come prepared to participate in I clickers
Announcements Required pre-survey: Take TODAY and save confirmation page. Deadline Jan 26 midnight. https://rutgers.qualtrics.com/se/?sid=sv_2gj6vkee2lbv0fv&q_jfe=0 Makeup for required pre-test: Tuesday,
More informationI INTRODUCTION. 1.1 Overview Electromagnetism is the study of Electricity and Magnetism
I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview Electromagnetism is the study of Electricity and Magnetism and their unification and the consequences which flow from this. Historically electricity and magnetism were regarded
More informationChapter 21. Electric Fields
Chapter 21 Electric Fields The Origin of Electricity The electrical nature of matter is inherent in the atoms of all substances. An atom consists of a small relatively massive nucleus that contains particles
More informationHistory. The word electricity comes from the Greek elektron which means amber. The amber effect is what we call static electricity.
Electrostatics 1 History The word electricity comes from the Greek elektron which means amber. The amber effect is what we call static electricity. 2 ELECTROSTATICS the study of electric charges, forces
More informationChapter Electric Forces and Electric Fields. Prof. Armen Kocharian
Chapter 25-26 Electric Forces and Electric Fields Prof. Armen Kocharian First Observations Greeks Observed electric and magnetic phenomena as early as 700 BC Found that amber, when rubbed, became electrified
More informationAlgebra Based Physics
1 / 88 Algebra Based Physics Electric Charge and Force 20151130 www.njctl.org 2 / 88 Electric Charge and Force Click on the topic to go to that section Electric Charge Atomic Structure and Source of Charge
More informationPHYS 3313 Section 001. Lecture #3
PHYS 3313 Section 001 Classical Physics Lecture #3 Concept of Waves and Particles Conservation Laws and Fundamental Forces Atomic Theory of Matter Unsolved Questions of 1895 and the New Horizon 1 Reminder:
More informationEarly Ideas About Matter
Early Ideas About Matter Democritus (460 370 BC) believed that matter is made of small, solid objects called atomos, from which the English word atom is derived. Early Ideas About Matter (cont.) Aristotle
More informationELECTRICITY. This chain is similar to the fire fighter's bucket brigades in olden times. But
ELECTRICITY Electricity figures everywhere in our lives. Electricity lights up our homes, cooks our food, powers our computers, television sets, and other electronic devices. Electricity from batteries
More informationIntroduction to Electricity and Magnetism
Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism Where should we begin our study of electricity and magnetism (E&M)? Here are three possibilities: 1. The Historical Approach: in the first three sections of chapter
More informationChapter 20. Static Electricity
Chapter 20 Static Electricity Chapter 20 Static Electricity In this chapter you will: Observe the behavior of electric charges and analyze how these charges interact with matter. Examine the forces that
More information( E ) = Lecture 1 Electric Charges & Coulomb s Law. Electric & Magnetic Fields. Electric Charge. Electric Charge
Electric & Magnetic Fields Lecture 1 Electric Charges & Coulomb s Law Electric and magnetic fields manifest their existence through interactions with matter. Differential Form div E E = ( ) = div( B )
More informationLecture 1.2 :! Electric Force and Electric Field
Lecture 1.2 :! Electric Force and Electric Field Lecture Outline:! Charging Objects! Coulomb s Law! Electric Field! Textbook Reading:! Ch. 25.3-25.5 Jan. 15, 2015 1 Announcements Quiz in class next Thu.
More informationIntroduction to Quantum Theory
Introduction to Quantum Theory Dr. Russell Herman Physics and Physical Oceanography PHY 444 - Quantum Theory - Fall 2018 1 Syllabus Website: http://people.uncw.edu/hermanr/qm/ Grades Homework 30% Papers
More informationPhysics 121. Instructor: Dr. Chris McCarthy. If you are enrolled, please mark the signup sheet
Physics 121 Instructor: Dr. Chris McCarthy If you are enrolled, please mark the signup sheet If you wish to add this class, add your name and ID# to the sheet. Pre-requisite: Physics 111. If you are not
More informationStatic Electricity Electrostatics
Behavior of charges Unlike charges attract Like charges repel A neutral object will attract both positive and negative charges Static Electricity Electrostatics 1 4 Static not moving. Electric charges
More informationElectric & Magnetic Fields
Electric & Magnetic Fields Electric and magnetic fields manifest their existence through interactions with matter. Differential Form dive E div B B 0 o Maxwell s Equations Integral Form Q E da S S B da
More informationIntroduction to the Concepts: Historical Perspective
Static Electricity An awareness of static or electrostatic charge dates back to the Greek scientist Thales of Miletus, 600 b.c. W e are all familiar with the effects of walking across a carpet and touching
More informationChapter 23. Electric Fields
Chapter 23 Electric Fields Electricity and Magnetism The laws of electricity and magnetism play a central role in the operation of many modern devices. The interatomic and intermolecular forces responsible
More informationLesson Plan: Electric Circuits (~130 minutes) Concepts
Lesson Plan: Electric Circuits (~130 minutes) Concepts 1. Electricity is the flow of electric charge (electrons). 2. Electric Charge is a property of subatomic particles. 3. Current is the movement of
More information3.1 Early History of Atomic Theories
Figure 1 In Dalton s atomic model, an atom is a solid sphere, similar to a billiard ball. This simple model is still used today to represent the arrangement of atoms in molecules. DID YOU KNOW? William
More informationStatic Electricity. (A Qualitative Study of Electrostatics using Sticky Tape)
Goals: (A Qualitative Study of Electrostatics using Sticky Tape) To become familiar with basic electrostatic phenomena To learn the charge model and learn to apply it to conductors and insulators To understand
More informationAP Physics C - E & M
Slide 1 / 95 Slide 2 / 95 AP Physics C - E & M Electric Charge & Field 2015-12-29 www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 95 Electric Charge and Field Click on the topic to go to that section Electric Charge and Atomic
More informationThe Structure of the Atom
Main Ideas Atoms contain positive and negative particles. Atoms have small, dense, positively-charged nuclei. A nucleus contains protons and neutrons. The radii of atoms are expressed in picometers. FIGURE
More informationConcept Summary. Adapted from Batesville High School Physics
Grounding Providing a path from a charged object to the Earth is called grounding it. Charges will be attracted from (or repelled to) the Earth by the charged object. Since the Earth is so large, both
More information3/9/2016. Chapter 25 Electric Charges and Forces. Chapter 25 Preview. Chapter 25 Preview
Chapter 25 Electric Charges and Forces Pickup PSE3e Photo from page 720, lightning (perhaps change the fonts and make this photo fill the entire slide) Chapter Goal: To describe electric phenomena in terms
More informationElectrostatics. The Nature of Electric Charge
Electrostatics GIRL SAFELY CHARGED TO SEVERAL HUNDRED THOUSAND VOLTS GIRL IN GREAT DANGER AT SEVERAL THOUSAND VOLTS The Nature of Electric Charge Discovery of charge The Greeks first noticed electric charges
More informationLab 3 Electrostatics: Charging Objects by Friction
1 Overview Lab 3 Electrostatics: Charging Objects by Friction Static electricity is the result of an imbalance of charge in materials. All material is made up of atoms. Atoms are extremely small and are
More informationChapter 4: Atomic Structure Section 4.1 Defining the Atom
Chapter 4: Atomic Structure Section 4.1 Defining the Atom Early Models of the Atom atom the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction Democritus s Atomic Philosophy
More informationLecture PowerPoints. Chapter 16 Physics: Principles with Applications, 7 th edition Giancoli
Lecture PowerPoints Chapter 16 Physics: Principles with Applications, 7 th edition Giancoli This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching
More informationElectrostatics. Electrostatics the study of electrical charges that can be collected and held in one place. Also referred to as Static Electricity
Electrostatics 169 Electrostatics Electrostatics the study of electrical charges that can be collected and held in one place. Types of Charge Also referred to as Static Electricity Benjamin Franklin noticed
More informationCHAPTER 7 ELECTRODYNAMICS
CHAPTER 7 ELECTRODYNAMICS Outlines 1. Electromotive Force 2. Electromagnetic Induction 3. Maxwell s Equations Michael Faraday James C. Maxwell 2 Summary of Electrostatics and Magnetostatics ρ/ε This semester,
More informationPHYS 241 Electricity, Magnetism & Optics Syllabus
PHYS 241 Electricity, Magnetism & Optics Syllabus Questions about grades, grade checks, absences, course withdrawal, etc please see Prof. Laura Pyrak-Nolte 1 PHYS 241 Electricity & Optics Physics & Astronomy
More informationChapter 4. Atomic Structure
Chapter 4 Atomic Structure Warm Up We have not yet discussed this material, but what do you know already?? What is an atom? What are electron, neutrons, and protons? Draw a picture of an atom from what
More informationIntroductory Physics for Scientists and Engineers (II) PHY2049
Introductory Physics for Scientists and Engineers (II) PHY2049 Beatriz Roldán Cuenya Department of Physics, University of Central Florida http://physics.ucf.edu/~roldan Book: University Physics (Vol 2),
More informationChapter 1 Updated: 1/22/12
ES 430 Electromagnetic Chapter 1 Updated: 1/22/12 General Notes A2 SI Units SI Prefixes Vectors Appendix A, pp. 473 Applications of EM Evolution of Electromagnetic Electromagnetic: Static or Dynamic (time
More informationChapter 10. Electrostatics
Chapter 10 Electrostatics 3 4 AP Physics Multiple Choice Practice Electrostatics 1. The electron volt is a measure of (A) charge (B) energy (C) impulse (D) momentum (E) velocity. A solid conducting sphere
More informationElectromagnetism. Electricity Electromagnetism Magnetism Optics. In this course we are going to discuss the fundamental concepts of electromagnetism:
Electromagnetism Electromagnetism is one of the fundamental forces in nature, and the the dominant force in a vast range of natural and technological phenomena The electromagnetic force is solely responsible
More informationCHAPTER 15 ELECTRIC FORCE & FIELDS
CHAPTER 15 ELECTRIC FORCE & FIELDS We will look at the basic properties of electric charge. Electric charge comes in discrete units The total charge in the universe remains constant The force law that
More information10th week Lectures March Chapter 12
Electric charge. 10th week Lectures March 20. 2017. Chapter 12 Conductors and Insulators Coulomb law Electric field Electric Potential 3/20/2017 Physics 214 Spring 2017 1 Electric charge an atom has a
More informationOutline Chapter 6 Electricity and Magnetism Positive and Negative Charge Positive and Negative Charge
Outline Chapter 6 Electricity and Magnetism 6-1. Positive and Negative Charge 6-2. What is Charge? 6-3. Coulomb s Law 6-4. Force on an Uncharged Object 6-5. Matter in Bulk 6-6. Conductors and Insulators
More informationPhysics Lecture 01: MON 25 AUG
Physics 2113 Jonathan Dowling Isaac Newton (1642 1727) Physics 2113 Lecture 01: MON 25 AUG CH13: Gravitation I Version: 8/24/14 Michael Faraday (1791 1867) Who am I & Why am I Here? Office hours: Nicholson
More informationEarly Atomic Theories and the Origins of Quantum Theory. Chapter 3.1
Early Atomic Theories and the Origins of Quantum Theory Chapter 3.1 What is Matter Made of? People have wondered about the answer to this question for thousands of years Philosophers Matter is composed
More informationAP Physics C. Electricity - Term 3
AP Physics C Electricity - Term 3 Interest Packet Term Introduction: AP Physics has been specifically designed to build on physics knowledge previously acquired for a more in depth understanding of the
More informationMaxwell Equations Dr. Anurag Srivastava
Maxwell Equations Dr. Anurag Srivastava Web address: http://tiiciiitm.com/profanurag Email: profanurag@gmail.com Visit me: Room-110, Block-E, IIITM Campus Syllabus Electrodynamics: Maxwell s equations:
More informationTopic III Quest Study Guide
Topic III Quest Study Guide A. Early Concepts: Democritus: Democritus: Greek Philosopher 400 B.C. Matter is composed of atoms, which move through empty space Atoms are solid, homogeneous indestructible
More informationAtomic Theory Timeline
Atomic Theory Timeline Democritus 450 B.C. Democritus was a Greek philosopher who came to the conclusion that everything was made up of tiny particles. He used the term atomos. Unfortunately, since Democritus
More informationPhysics For Scientists and Engineers A Strategic Approach 3 rd Edition, AP Edition, 2013 Knight
For Scientists and Engineers A Strategic Approach 3 rd Edition, AP Edition, 2013 Knight To the Advanced Placement Topics for C *Advanced Placement, Advanced Placement Program, AP, and Pre-AP are registered
More informationAccelerated Chemistry Study Guide Atomic Structure, Chapter 3
Accelerated Chemistry Study Guide Atomic Structure, Chapter 3 Terms and definitions atom ion law of constant composition isotope atomic theory of matter mass number cathode ray tube atomic mass electron
More informationLecture 13 ELECTRICITY. Electric charge Coulomb s law Electric field and potential Capacitance Electric current
Lecture 13 ELECTRICITY Electric charge Coulomb s law Electric field and potential Capacitance Electric current ELECTRICITY Many important uses Historical Light Heat Rail travel Computers Central nervous
More information2 The science of electricity and magnetism
1 Introduction Electromagnetism is one of the fundamental interactions in nature. Its physical origin lies in a property possessed by elementary particles of matter electrons and protons called electric
More informationBell Ringer: Define to the best of your ability the definition of:
Bell Ringer: Define to the best of your ability the definition of: Potential Energy Electric Potential Energy Electric Circuit Current Voltage Resistance Coulomb Notes 7.1: Electrostatic Force This lesson
More informationA motion of particles motion of particles
PHYSICS 2.3 Externally assessed 4 credits Demonstrate understanding of waves Unit 1: Wave properties Energy transfer Wave motion, in general, is a process in which kinetic energy is transferred from one
More informationChapter 4. The structure of the atom. AL-COS Objectives 1, 2,3,4,7, 10, 15, 20, 21, 22, 27and 28
Chapter 4 The structure of the atom AL-COS Objectives 1, 2,3,4,7, 10, 15, 20, 21, 22, 27and 28 You ll learn to Identify the experiments that led to the development of the nuclear model of atomic structure
More informationSpring PHYS4202/ E&M II (Dr. Andrei Galiautdinov, UGA) Part 3: Lectures Special Relativity
Spring 2015 - PHYS4202/6202 - E&M II (Dr. Andrei Galiautdinov, UGA) Part 3: Lectures 37 42 Special Relativity 0 Lecture 37 (Wednesday, Apr. 15/2015) A bit of Special Relativity Special Relativity as a
More informationHistory of Science School Program
Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens History of Science School Program Week 3 Three Laws of Motion Theory of Gravity Theory of light and color Calculus Solving the problem of comets Prediction
More informationElectricity and Magnetism Static Electricity, Current Electricity, and Magnets
Electricity and Magnetism Static Electricity, Current Electricity, and Magnets Expanding Science Skills Series By John B Beaver, PhD, and DON POWERS, PhD Consultants: Schyrlet Cameron and Carolyn Craig
More informationConceptual Questions. Fig.8.51 EXERCISES. 8. Why can t electric field lines cross? 9. In which direction do charges always move in an electric field?
EXERCISES Conceptual Questions 1. Explain why a neutral object can be attracted to a charged object. Why can this neutral object not be repelled by a charged object? 2. What is the function of an electroscope?
More informationPreview of Period 10: Electric Charge and Force
Preview of Period 10: Electric Charge and Force 10.1 Electric Charge and Forces What happens when you place a negatively charged rod near an object? How do charges cause objects to move? 10.2 Conductors,
More informationHIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE. Physical Science 7: Electricity & Magnetism
HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE Physical Science 7: Electricity & Magnetism WILLMAR PUBLIC SCHOOL 2013-2014 EDITION CHAPTER 7 Electricity & Magnatism In this chapter you will: 1. Analyze factors that affect the strength
More informationThe very basics of electricity. Moving electrons and storing them for when you want them
The very basics of electricity Moving electrons and storing them for when you want them Static Around 600 BCE, it was discovered that if amber (fossilized tree sap) is rubbed with cat s fur (meow!) it
More informationElectricity and Magnetism PHYS-242: ( Monday, Wednesday, Rutherford 115)
Electricity and Magnetism PHYS-242: (1135-1225 Monday, Wednesday, Rutherford 115) Instructor: Shaun Lovejoy, Rutherford Physics, rm. 213, local 6537, email: lovejoy@physics.mcgill.ca Teaching assistants:
More informationThe idea of an atom began about 400 B.C. with many Greek philosophers, like Democritus, working to figure out what everything was made of.
The idea of an atom began about 400 B.C. with many Greek philosophers, like Democritus, working to figure out what everything was made of. Always move & join together Atomas means indivisible I m Aristotle
More informationApplied Physics. Faisal Haider
Applied Physics Faisal Haider Electric Fields 2 The electromagnetic force between charged particles is one of the fundamental forces of nature. 3 Properties of Electric Charges Existence of electric forces
More informationPeople experience static electricity everyday.
Electrostatics Electrostatics/static electricity is the branch of physics that deals with electrical charges or charged objects, and their interactions. The charges are stationary. People experience static
More informationPowerPoint lecture notes for Thornton/Rex s Modern Physics, 4e
PowerPoint lecture notes for Thornton/Rex s Modern Physics, 4e Prepared by: Anthony Pitucco, Ph.D. Pima Community College Dept of Physics, Chair Tucson, Arizona CHAPTER 1 The Birth of Modern Physics 1.1
More informationWelcome to Physics 122
Welcome to Physics 122 122A: Paul A. Wiggins 122B: Miguel Morales 122C: Arka Majumdar Content: Electricity & Magnetism Here Format: Active Learning (Learn from Participation)» PreLectures & Checkpoints
More informationElectricity is the movement of electrical charge through a circuit (usually, flowing electrons.) The Greek word for amber is electron
Electricity is the movement of electrical charge through a circuit (usually, flowing electrons.) The Greek word for amber is electron Women in ancient Greece noticed that rubbing their amber jewelry against
More informationDemocritus 460 BC 370 BC. First scholar to suggest that atoms existed. Believed that atoms were indivisible and indestructible.
Democritus 460 BC 370 BC First scholar to suggest that atoms existed. Believed that atoms were indivisible and indestructible. Democritus 460 BC 370 BC Problems with theory: 1. Did not explain chemical
More information