ASEAN Workshop on FRONTIERS OF PHYSICS 2017

Transcription

1 Institute of Advanced Studies ASEAN Workshop on FRONTIERS OF PHYSICS 2017 in partnership with CERN 30 AUGUST NANYANG EXECUTIVE CENTRE, NTU Image: CMS/CERN

2 Contents Organising Committee 3 Programme 4 s of Speakers 6

3 Organising Committee Chairman Kok Khoo Phua Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanyang Technological University Members Ngee-Pong Chang The City College of New York; Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanyang Technological University Leong Chuan Kwek Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanyang Technological University Hwee Boon Low Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanyang Technological University Rajdeep Singh Rawat National Institute of Education Bernard Ricardo NUS High School of Mathematics and Science 3

4 ASEAN Federation of Physics Societies - ASEAN Workshop on Frontiers of Physics 2017, in partnership with CERN 30 Aug 2017, Wednesday Nanyang Executive Centre, Auditorium 30 min per talk + 10 min Q&A 8.00am am 9.00am am 9.10am am 9.20am am Registration Welcome Addresses - Kok Khoo Phua (Director, IAS) - Emmanuel Tsesmelis (CERN) Opening Remarks by Guaning Su (President Emeritus, NTU) Session Chaired by: Kok Khoo Phua 9.30am am 10.10am am 10.50am am Emmanuel Tsesmelis CERN Future Particle Accelerators at the High Energy Frontier Yifang Wang Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS Particle and Astroparticle Physics in China Group Photo and Coffee Break Session Chaired by: Shuyan Xu 11.20am pm 12.00pm pm 12.40pm pm Di Li National Astronomical Observatories, CAS The Waking Giant and its Potential in Astrophysics Albert De Roeck CERN Experiments at the Large Hadron Collider Lunch 4

5 ASEAN Federation of Physics Societies - ASEAN Workshop on Frontiers of Physics, in partnership with CERN 30 Aug 2017, Wednesday Nanyang Executive Centre, Auditorium Session Chaired by: Pinaki Sengupta 1.30pm pm Shangjr Gwo National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, Taiwan Taiwan Photon Source: Status and Research Opportunities 2.10pm pm 2.50pm pm Khong-Wei Ang National Cancer Centre Singapore National Cancer Centre Singapore & Proton Therapy Coffee Break Session Chaired by: Chorng Haur Sow 3.20pm pm John Ellis King s College London Particle Physics Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond 4.00pm pm 4.40pm pm 5.20pm pm Ngee-Pong Chang The City College of New York Looking to the Frontiers of Physics Shuyan Xu National Institute of Education, NTU Solar Electric Propulsion Engines for Space Mission at Plasma Sources and Application Centre, NTU Closing 6.00pm pm Buffet dinner at Function Hall 1, Level 3 5

6 6 s of Speakers

7 Mr Khong-Wei Ang Medical Physicist, National Cancer Centre Singapore National Cancer Centre Singapore and Proton Therapy National Cancer Centre Singapore has a long history in providing comprehensive cancer care in Singapore and ASEAN. In 2021, it will cross another milestone with the addition of a Proton Therapy Centre with 4 full rotating gantries, to complement its current treatment modalities using high energy X-ray photons. Proton therapy is a form of particle therapy that is gaining wide prominence globally. Since the first hospital based centre opened in 1991, there are now about 35 centres in North America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The benefit of proton therapy lies in its burst of energy release at the end of its path, thereby giving no dose to healthy tissues beyond its path. This physical characteristic allows for a degree of dose conformation to tumour bearing tissue not obtained with X-ray therapy. Side-effects and, in particular, long-term adverse effects can be significantly controlled. While proton therapy holds great promises, there are challenges. Practitioners must be mindful of the uncertainties involved. These could be limitations in systems, patient specific changes, or simply, barriers imposed by nature itself. Over the years, numerous improvements and evaluation tools have been developed within the Medical Physics community, and among the engineers within vendors in proton therapy. This talk provides an overview of the above. As medicine and biology advances, physicists once again find themselves playing the role of gate-keepers of technology. 7

8 Prof Ngee-Pong Chang Senior Fellow, Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanyang Technological University; Professor, The City College of New York Looking to the Frontiers of Physics With the discovery of a light Higgs at 125 GeV, the door is opened to a search for more siblings of the fundamental Higgs. The Standard Model (SM) stands on one lonesome Higgs field, and relies on a complex 3 x 3 Yukawa coupling matrix to distinguish between the many generations of fermion masses. In the Extended Standard Model (ESM), we transfer the complexity of the Yukawa coupling matrix to a larger family of Higgs. It is an extension of the 2HDM. The larger family respects and maintains the hierarchy of masses between the generations. 8

9 Prof Albert De Roeck Convener of the Higgs search physics group, CERN Experiments at the Large Hadron Collider We will make a tour of the experiments in operation and planned at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. The LHC started its first physics run in 2010 and an overview will be given of some of the key results obtained since then, notably the discovery of a new kind of particle, the Higgs boson. The present focus of most of the LHC experiments is on the search for physics beyond the so called Standard Model of particle physics, with targets such as the search for supersymmetry in Nature, for special types of new quarks, and for dark matter particles. To cover the full potential of the LHC, significant upgrades of the existing experiments are being prepared, and some additional - typically small-size - experiments are presently under discussion in order to extend the search capabilities at the LHC in the coming years. 9

10 Prof John Ellis James Clerk Maxwell Professor of Theoretical Physics, King s College London and Visiting Scientist, CERN John.Ellis@cern.ch Particle Physics Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond The Standard Model of particle physics describes all the visible matter in the Universe, but does not explain the origin of matter or the nature of the dark matter that dominates the Universe. Experiments at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN are testing theories that could answer these questions, and setting the agenda for future experiments at particle accelerators. 10

11 Prof Shangjr Gwo Director, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu, Taiwan Taiwan Photon Source: Status and Research Opportunities Recently, there are multiple construction and upgrade plans for state-of the-art synchrotron light sources around the globe. These light sources are expected to offer great opportunities for frontier scientific research in decades to come. As an example of these developments, I will focus on a newly inaugurated, low-emittance 3 GeV synchrotron light source, the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS). The TPS photon source was constructed by NSRRC with a storage ring circumference of 518 m and it is composed of 24 double-bend achromatic (DBA) cells connected by six 12-m straight sections and eighteen 7-m straight sections. The natural emittance of the TPS is 1.6 nm rad with a small dispersion in the straight sections. In phase-i operation, the TPS uses two sets of KEK-B type superconducting RF cavities to achieve a design goal of 500-mA electron current in a top-up injection mode. Seven phase-i beamlines aim for the forefront of research to cover the diverse photon sciences in a photon energy range from soft to hard X-rays. These beamlines are optimized for protein micro-crystallography, lowenergy excitations of novel materials with atomic specificity, spectroscopy and diffraction on the submicron and nanometer scales, scattering of coherent X-rays, and scanning nanoprobe studies that will resolve structures with resolutions on the nanoscale. All phase-i beamlines will be available to users in In this talk, I will present the scientific activities from the TPS phase-i operation. Particularly, we will discuss results of high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray nanodiffraction and coherent diffraction including ptychography, followed by an overview of future beamline plan. 11

12 Prof Di Li Principal Investigator, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences The Waking Giant and its Potential in Astrophysics The large single-dish radio telescope, Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), has seen its first light and currently been commissioned. Its collecting area rivals that of the Square Kilometre Array -1 and is expected to be better for extended emission, such as for probing the cosmic web. I have proposed a unique commensal survey mode to cover the norther sky with FAST in drift-scan mode, achieving the best sensitivity in imaging hydrogen in the Milky Way, finding HI galaxies, discovering neutron stars, and searching for transient signals, simultaneously. Such a survey is expected to detect hundreds of thousands of galaxies, more than 10 billion voxels in HI imaging, about one thousand pulsars, and a few tens of Fast Radio Bursts. I will introduce our efforts in implementing such an unprecedented capability and its potential impact on astrophysics. 12

13 Prof Emmanuel Tsesmelis Head of Associate Member and Non-Member State Relations, CERN International Relations Future Particle Accelerators at the High Energy Frontier This paper presents the scientific plans for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and outlines options for high-energy colliders around the world at the energy frontier for the years to come. The immediate plans of the world scientific community include the exploitation of the LHC at its nominal luminosity and energy as well as upgrades to the LHC and its injectors, in line with the highest-priority item of the European Strategy for Particle Physics and with several national roadmaps. Attention is also developing on new emerging and truly global projects beyond 2035, i.e. beyond the lifetime of the LHC and its luminosity upgrade. These initiatives include the launch of the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study, including the option for a Higher-Energy LHC (HE-LHC). Options for future accelerators at the high-energy frontier also include a linear electron-positron collider, based on the technology being developed by the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) and by the International Linear Collider (ILC). Moreover, studies have also been launched for a possible Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC), which could be later upgraded to a high energy proton-proton collider with a broader physics potential. This paper describes the future directions, all of which have a unique value to add to experimental particle physics, and concludes by outlining key messages for the way forward. 13

14 Prof Shuyan Xu Principal Investigator, Plasma Sources and Applications Centre, National Institute of Education; Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanyang Technological University Solar Electric Propulsion Engines for Space Mission at Plasma Sources and Application Centre, NTU Solar Electric propulsion engines are the heart and pivotal sub-system of spacecraft and satellite systems. Further exploration of Moon, manned Mars exploration, sending longliving probes to Jupiter and Saturn, comets, asteroids and deep space, and much more intense usage of near-earth space for the benefit of the mankind for advanced communication, global internet access, precise weather prediction and many other practical aims. All these tasks require efficient, reliable, robust control systems capable of controlling the spacecraft velocity vector, as well as orientation and location in space with the maximum possible mass and energy efficiency of the propulsion devices (thrusters). They should work in adverse space conditions (low and high temperatures and extremely high rates of temperature change, vacuum, radiation, possible attack of high-speed dust particles) for long time reaching years, with very high system fault tolerance. This talk presents the development of solar electric propulsion engines at the Plasma Sources and Applications Centre/ Space and Propulsion Center Singapore (PSAC-SPCS), NIE. Our team at PSAC-SPCS, NIE is focused on the development, commissioning, optimization and operation of two types of highly distinctive space propulsion systems: a miniaturized Hall-thruster for cube- and nano-sats propulsion, and a radio frequency rotating magnetic field driven Gradually-Expanded-Rotamak (GER) electromagnetic thruster. Conceptualization, physical understanding and modelling, engineering development and performance characterization will be discussed in terms of steady state current drive, compact torus formation, thruster efficiency, plume configuration and ion flux and energy. The supporting technologies, including Space Environment Simulation Facility; Thruster Performance Measurement System; in situ Plasma Diagnostics System will also be briefly discussed. 14

15 Prof Yifang Wang Director, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Particle and Astroparticle Physics in China Experimental particle and astroparticle physics in China had been growing dramatically in last decades, thanks to the continuous economic growth over 30 years. There are a number of successful projects with significant impacts to physics and the world, and a lot more are now under construction or planning. They are all international projects and open to the world. We welcome participations from all countries, especially those from Asia. 15

16 The Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) celebrates its Golden Jubilee (50 years) of formation this August and as part of the celebrations, the idea of forming a Federation of Physics Societies (AFPS) to forge closer ties among the ASEAN nations in Physics and the sciences came to fruition. In conjunction with the ASEAN meeting on 29 August 2017, IAS is pleased to organise a one-day ASEAN Workshop on Frontiers of Physics, in partnership with CERN, on 30 August 2017 to expose young researchers in ASEAN to developments in their fields and related sciences. Institute of Advanced Studies Nanyang Technological University Nanyang Executive Centre 60 Nanyang View #04-09 Singapore Tel: (65) , Fax: (65) Website: