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1 CRTIICAT O PRSNTATION I s cr ha ohamma-baghr hamhchan ah Saaaman-Tarzjan Prs a ar l A Nw Pach-Bas Acv Conor or Sgmaon o h ocarm o h L Vrcl n Carac agnc Rsonac Imags rng h r Inrnaonal Conrc on Comr an nowlg ngnrng ICC 0 hl on Ocobr & Novmbr 0 a rows Unvrs o ashha ohs ahan PhD ICC 0 Conrc Char ICC Scrara acl o ngnrng rows Unvrs o ashha Aza Sqar ashha Iran Wbs: h://cck.m.ac.r mal: cck@m.ac.r

2 A Nw Pach-Bas Acv Conor or Sgmaon o h ocarm o h L Vrcl n Carac agnc Rsonanc Imags.-B. hamchan Darm o lcrcal ngnrng rows Unvrs o ashha P.O.Bo 977- ashha Iran baghr.m.kh@gmal.com. Saaaman-Tarzjan Darm o lcrcal ngnrng rows Unvrs o ashha P.O.Bo 977- ashha Iran saaaman@m.ac.r Absrac In hs ar a gomrc acv conor or sgmaon o h mocarm o h l vrcl n carac magnc rsonanc CR mags s rs. Th sochasc acv conor schm STACS an s varans sch as L's mho [] ar wll-known rql-s aroachs or sgmaon o h mocarm bonars. Howvr h hav sgncan cls wh h mag nhomog o sng a rgon-bas rg rm sablsh on h global Gassan robabl s ncon. I sms ha localzng h rgon-bas rm o h rg nconal s an cv solon o ackl h abov roblm. W hanc L's mho b sbsng h rgon-bas rms o ocar an car acv conors wh hos o h local bnar ng LB an local Gassan srbon ng LGD rscvl. Boh LB an LGD blong o h cagor o ach-bas acv conors whch can ssall hanl h mag nhomog. rmal rsls monsra ha h roos mho rovs sgncanl sror rormanc comar o L's mho n sgmaon o h mocarm o h l vrcl. wors: ocarm Sgmaon; Gomrc Acv Conor; Lvl-S; LB; LGD I. INTRODUCTION Invsgaon o mocarm o h l vrcl vas o agnoss o som carac sncon sch as caromoah an schma. Ths sass whch sr h abnormal hcknss o h mocarm o ncon or narrowng o coronar arrs can b agnos b rocssng o carac mags []. Th carac magnc rsonanc CR magng rss rcs saal an moral normaon rom h har mscls. or rcsl CR magng rovs a nmbr o mlscon-mlhas CR mags n h har shoras whch ncl sabl normaon abo r har cavs an mscls rng h carac ccl. In h raonal aroach h mocarm s manall lna b a raologs/carologs r o c h ocar an car o-car bonars o h l vrcl. Howvr s oo m-consmng an srs rom r rs' nsghs. A nmbr o rsarchrs arss h abov roblm b comr-bas rocssng o CR mags []. Acv conors ar mos wll-known an rql-s mhos or CR mag sgmaon []. Grall sakng acv conors ar ormabl mols whch can orm/volv n h mag oman o mnmz h nrnal an rnal rgs. Th nrnal rg maks h crv smooh whl h rnal rg movs owar h nrs ars n h mag oman. or aml Lnch al [] roos wo col acv conors or sgmaon o h o-car bonars o h l vrcl. Th mlo h gosc acv conor GAC [6] wh sascal a ror sha normaon. Also Woo al [7] ook avanag o GAC an acv conor who g [8] wh a colng rgon-bas rg rm bas on a ror sha normaon. Plmwrawj al [9] roos h sochasc acv conor schm STACS n whch h rg nconal ncls hr r rms or akng accon o h rgon g an sha normaon n orr o sgm h oca-bonar o h l vrcl. Howvr STACS rovs accabl rsls onl wh s wh low-conras CR mags [0] o mlong Gassan srbons o h rgon-bas rg rm []. Ch al [] mrov STACS b sng a nonaramrc non-gassan rgon-bas mol. Th sccssll s h sggs mho or sgmaon o mocaral bonars n cn-slacm-co R mags. In anohr work L al [] roos an lgan mho o arss STACS robls wh h Gassan srbon o h rgon-bas rg rm. Th col wo mo STACS o smlanosl sgm ocar bonars. In mor al boh h or an nnr rgons o h ocar an car acv conors wr lm o h mocarm rgon. Bss h or rgon o h car acv conor s v no wo brghr an arkr aras. or ach ara a sara Gassan srbon s mlo o hanc h rgonbas rm o STACS. or srcr colng h car acv conor ams o k consan avrag sanc o h ocar acv conor rng ormaon. Ds som rmarkabl rsls L's mho ma al o rac car bonar n sgncanl nhomogos CR mags. In L's mho vs h mag oman no som sb-rgons or localzng h Gassan srbon o h rgon-bas rg rm. Howvr s no sall sc or rml nhomogos CR mags. In hs ar w hanc h rormanc o L's mho b sbsng h rgon-bas rms o ocar an car rg nconals wh wo nw ach-bas local mols nsr b local bnar ng LB [] an

3 local Gassan srbon ng LGD [] rscvl. In mor al LB aks avanag o h local ns man o co ns nhomog. Howvr n h rsc o rml nhomogos rgons s ncssar o ak accon o h local ns varanc as wll. Ths roblm s cvl arss b LGD. Th ar s organz as ollows. In h n scon w brl lan L's mho. LB an LGD ar sa n Scon III. Scon IV s vo o sa h roos mho n al. rmal rsls ar rs n Scon V an nall conclsons ar rawn n Scon VI. II. LI'S ODL Th rg nconal o STACS s orgnall comos o or rms: whr s h lvl-s ncon an an rrs h rgon-bas g-bas a ror-sha bas an rglaor rms o h rg nconal rscvl. rhrmor λ λ λ an λ o h wghng cocs o h abov rms corrsonngl. Th ar aomacall ajs n rms o h nmbr o raons rng h ormaon rocss o h acv conor. In mor al h rgon-bas rm s conss o wo snc Gassan robabl s ncons PDs corrsonng o h ns srbons o h backgron os an orgron ns ls o h acv conor rscvl as ollows: H [ H ] ln ln whr an rrs h CR mag an s oman rscvl. Also an ar Gassan PDs o h backgron an orgron corrsonngl an H os a rglarz Havs ncon gv b: H arcan B sng h lr-lagrang qaon STACS volon qaon s oban as [0]: A whr A ncls h rms o h lr-lagrang qaon qval o h las hr rms o h rg nconal or mor als s [0] s h rvav o H an k ar com b: k mk ln k k k whr mk an k ar h ns avrag an varanc rscvl or h orgron k= an backgron k= rgons. L al [] STACS rg nconal b jonng wo snc mo STACSs or smlanos sgmaon h o-car bonars. In mor al h rhr localz h rg nconal b lmaon o h on oman o h Gassan PDs. or rcsl boh an o h ocar an car acv conors rscvl ar onl on h oman o h mocarm rgon bw h ocar an car acv conors. rhrmor n h car acv conor nsa o wo snc Gassan PDs ar saral or h arkr an brghr aras o h backgron. Bss h colng rm s a o h car rg nconal o k consan avrag sanc o h ocar acv conor m rng ormaon: D H D H 6 whr h sanc ncon D s qal o +m an s h lvl s o h car acv conor or mor als s []. III. PATCH-BASD ACTIV CONTOURS As rvosl sa L's mho col arall ackl STACS shorcomngs b localzng h rgon-bas rm o h rg nconal. On h ohr han ach-bas acv conors sch as LB [] an LGD [] cvl hanl h mag nhomog roblm b sng h local krnl ncon n h rg nconal [-8]. Hc s worh o lan LB an LGD as wo wll-known rql-s amls o ach-bas o acv conors n mor al. A. Local Bnar ng LB Th rg nconal o LB s gv b []: LB 7 B H whr rrss h nghbors o h cr l an an ar wo consan cocs. Also w hav: H H an s h Gassan krnl wh STD o 0 com b: n n 8 9

4 Th ncons an locall aroma n h rgons ns an os o h acv conor rscvl. Th can b omall com b: 0 Th rs wo rms o 7 mov h acv conor owar h sr bonar whl h las rsson H B ncls som rglaon rms o k h acv conor connos an rvabl rng ormaon. B. Local Gassan Dsrbon ng LGD Th rg nconal o LGD s as ollow []: H B LGD whr an ar wo consan cocs. Also os h Gassan PD gv b: whr an ar h avrag an varanc o h local ns normaon rscvl or h ns an os rgons o h acv conor. Th can b omall com as ollows: Agan h rs wo rms o conc h acv conor owar h sr bonar an h las rsson ncls som rglaor rms. IV. PROPOSD THOD Grall sms ha h global Gassan PD s wll s o mags wh cws-consan rgons [8 9]. Hc canno cvl ak accon o local ns varaons o h o-car bonars o svr nhomog. In conras ach-bas acv conors can ssall rv ns nhomog bcas o sng local krnls. Thror n h roos mho w sbs Gassan bas rms o h rg nconal o L's mho wh h local krnl-bas rms o LB an LGD. In mor al s sggs ha h rs rm o h rg nconal o h ocar acv conor s sbs wh h rs wo rms o LB as ollows: ocar whr s h lvl s ncon o h ocar acv conor. Consrng h lr-lagrang qaon h ocar acv conor shol orm accorng o h ollowng ral qaon: A 6 whr an ar gv b: 7 Howvr h car nhomog s mor svr comar o h ocar o rm ns varaons o h rgh vrcl an vscra. Thror or mor cv nhomog hanlng o ns varaons w or h sag o LGD nsa o LB or h rgon-bas rm o h car rg nconal as ollows: car 8 In comarson wh h g-bas rm s scar n h abov rg nconal o rv h car acv conor rom bg arac b rrlvan gs. Agan bas on h lr-lagrang qaon h volon ral qaon o h car acv conor can b gv b: D A 9 whr an ar com b: log log 0 V. XPRINTAL RSULT AND VALUATION T r CR mags wr chos rom h LAAV aabas [0] o vala h rormanc o h roos algorhm comar o L's mho. In all

5 Inal Conors L's ho Proos ho r Dlnaons gr. Comarng h rsls o h roos acv conor an L's mho wh manall lna bonars rov b an r or or r CR mags. TABL I. COPARING TH RSULTS O TH PROPOSD ALGORITH WITH THOS O LI'S THOD OR 0 BNCHAR CR IAGS IN TRS O TH ARA-SIILARITY AND SHAP-SIILARITY ASURS. TH BST RSULTS AR INDICATD BY BOLD-ACD TXT. Sbjc S ara S sha or nocar Bonar S sha or car Bonar L's ho Proos L's ho Proos L's ho Proos Avrag STD

6 bchmark mags wh h sz o 6 6 ls h o-car bonars wr manall lna b an r. A. Paramrs Ajsm In all rms h algorhm aramrs wr rmall ajs as = =0 = = σ =0. an σ =. Th coc s also s o 00 an 0 or ocar an car acv conors rscvl. rhrmor h cocs an wr rhr rgla accorng o h coolng has o h aroach orgnall rs b Ch al [] as ollows: n n [ 0 N] cos N whr n s h raon conr an N rrss h oal nmbr o raons. Bss n h sam mannr was an as ollows: N 0 n n cosh[0 ] N 0 Th nal an nal vals o = wr rmall chos as [ 0= N=0.] [ 0= 0 N=0] an [ 0=0 N=0 8 ] or ocar acv conor. Also n h car acv conor w ha [ 0=0 N=0] [ 0=0 N=80] an [ 0=0 N=0]. nall s worh o c ha n all rms h sam aramrs vals wr s wh N=0. B. valaons In g. h rsls o h roos acv conor an L's mho ar comar wh r lnaons or or CR mags. Th roos algorhm sccssll rac boh h ocar an car bonars n all bchmark mags alhogh L' mho arall al o sgm h car bonar. or rhr qanav comarsons w s h arasmlar S ara an sha-smlar S sha masrs [9]. In mor al h ara-smlar masr S ara [0] comars h mocarm rgon A oban b a conrar algorhm wh h manall sgm ara A as ollows: n A A Sara n A n A whr n. rrns h nmbr o ls n a rgon. Howvr S ara canno cvl vala h sha o h rslan ocar an car bonars comar o hos o h manal lnaon. To arss hs roblm w also s h sha-smlar masr roos b Plmwrawj al [9]. or wo comll mach crvs S sha rsls o whl crass o 0 n h wors cas. Th rsls ar rs n Tabl I. As shown h roos acv conor rov h bs rsls or mos CR mags. In mor al comar o L's mho mrov h avrag ara-smlar masr b 7%. rhrmor h avrag sha-smlar o h roos algorhm s sror o L's mho b 0% an 8% or ocar an car bonars rscvl. Obvosl L's mho rov oor rsls or h car bonar manl o svr ns nhomog whl h roos aroach aroral ackl hs roblm b sng h localz ach-bas rg nconal. VI. CONCLUSION Ths ar rs a nw acv conor or sgmaon o h mocarm o h l vrcl n CR mags. W rmall on o ha h rgon-bas rm o STACS an s varans sch as L's mho col no cvl rv h ns nhomog o h ocar an scall car bonars. Ths h orgnal rgon-bas rm o L's mho was sbs wh wo sara ach-bas rssons rv rom LB an LGD. Th rmal rsls monsra sror rormanc o h rs acv conor comar o L's mho or a nmbr o nhomogos CR mags. I rov br rsls or boh ocar an car bonars n rms o ara-smlar an also sha-smlar masrs. RRNCS [] G. Havas Sgmaon o shor as carac R sng acv conors..sc. hss Unvrs o nhov 00. [] C. Pjan.N Dachr A rvw o sgmaon mhos n shor as carac R mags cal Imag Analss vol. no [] S. Ranganah Conor racon rom carac RI ss sng snaks I. Trans.. Imag vol. no [] I.B A S. L I. Ross mbg ovrla rors n varaonal l vrcl rackng I Trans.. Imag vol. 8 no []. Lnch O. Gha an P.. Whlan L-vrcl mocarm sgmaon sng a col lvl-s wh a ror knowlg Comrz cal Imagng an Grahcs vol. 0 no [6] S. chassam A. mar P. Olvr A. Tannbam an A. Yzz Conormal crvars lows: rom has ransons o acv vson Archv an Raonal chancs or Analss vol. no [7]. Woo B.-W. Hong A. Ramsh G. Grmano C.-C. a o an P. Slomka Crv volon wh A Dal Sha Smlar an Is Alcaon o Sgmaon o L Vrcl cal Imagng: Phscs o cal Imagng.Proc. o SPI vol T_ 009. [8] T. Chan an L. Vs Acv conors who gs I Trans. Imag Procssng vol. 0 no [9] C. Plmwrawj... ora Y.-. Ln W C. Ho STACS: Nw acv conor schm or carac R mag sgmaon I Trans. cal Imagng vol. no [0] A. Schöllhbr Aomac sgmaon o conras hanc carac RI or mocaral rson analss..sc. Thss Ins. Com. Grah. Alg Vna Unv Vna Asra 008. [] T. Ch. Babb P. llman L. Al an D. m Smaoma sgmaon o mocaral conors or as

7 sran analss n cn slacm-co RI I Trans. cal Imagng vol. 7 no [] C. L X. a an Y. Sn Imrov sm-aoma sgmaon o carac CT an R mags I In'l Sm. Bomcal Imagng: rom Nano o acro [] C. L C. ao. Gor an Z. Dng nmzaon o rgonscalabl ng rg or mag sgmaon I Trans Imag Procssng vol. 7 no [] L. Wang L. H A. shra an C. L Acv conors rv b local Gassan srbon ng rg Sgnal. Procssng vol. 89 no [] S. Lankon an A. Tannbam Localzng rgon-bas acv conors I Trans. Imag Procssng vol. 7 no [6]. Zhang H. Song an L. Zhang Acv conors rv b local mag ng rg. o Parn Rcognon vol. no [7] C. L R. Hang Z. Dng C. Gab D. N. aas an. C. Gor A lvl S mho or mag sgmaon n h rsc o ns nhomogs wh alcaon o RI I Trans. Imag Procssng vol. 0 no [8] Yan. an L P. an W Y. an X Y Lvl s sgmaon o ns nhomogos mags bas on local lnar aromaon o rc mag IT Imag Procssng vol. 6 no [9] L. Vs an T. Chan A mlhas lvl s ramwork or mag sgmaon sng h mor an Shah mol In'l ornal o Comr Vson vol. 0 no [0]. Tsosos Laboraor or Acv an Av Vson LAAV. [Onln] Avalabl: h://