Estimating the shooting of a 9-mm Parabellum bullet via ballistic experiment

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1 Estimating the shooting of a 9-mm Parabellum bullet via ballistic experiment ก ก 2553 ก ก ก We demonstrate here how the shooting distance of a 9-mm Parabellum FMJ bullet (115 gr ) has been estimated via shooting experiments. Such a bullet was found by investigators near a concrete wall,fairly distorted at its tip. The bullet carries no evidence of multiple impact and no evidence of ballistic impact on the wall has been reported. We estimated the impact velocity by comparing the questioned bullet with a set of comparison bullets hitting a wall ( rigid target) with different velocities. The shooting distance was recovered from the impact velocity by studying the typical behavior of a manufactured 9 mm bullet weighting 115 gr (7.45 g),short in pistol or s sub-machine gun. The results demonstrated that the questioned bullet was a lost bullet. The shooting distance also helped the investigators, narrowing the range of the estimated positions of the shooter. ก ก กก 9.. ก 115 ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก กก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก กก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก 9.. ก 115 ก ( 7.45ก ), ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก 1. A. Galluser, L expertise des armes a feu (PPUR presses polytechniques), J.Dekinder,S.Lory,W.VanLaere,E.Demuynck,The deviation of bullets passing though window panes, Forensic Sci. Int. 125 (2002) J.I. Thornston,P.J. Cashman, The effect of tempered glass on bullet trajectory, J. Forensic Sci (1986) M.Jauhari, S.M. Chatterjee, P.K. Gosh,Remaining velocity of a bullet fired through glass plate, J. Forensic Sci. Soc. 14 ( 1974) 3-7.

2 1 ก ก ก Lille ก ก ก ก ก ก 9.. ( Full Metal Jacket) ก ก ก ก ก กก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก 115 ก ก 7.45 ก ก กก ก ก ก ก ก ก กก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก (1) ก ก ก ก กก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก กก ก ก ก ก ก ก 9.. ก ก ก กก ( 0-50 ) ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก กก 100 ก ก ก

3 2 ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ( ) ก ก ก

4 3 2 Materials and methods 1. ก ก Glock ก ก ( Vectan Ba 9 ) 4. ก ( Commercial Chronograph ) ก - กก ก ก ( ก 50..) 2 - ( Commercial Chronograph ) ก ก กก ก ( 1 ) - ก ก ก ก กก ก ก ก ( FMJ ) 9.. ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก - ก ก ก ก ( ก )

5 4 3 Result ก ก ( l ) ก ( ) ก ( d ) ก plot ก ก ก กก ก ก ก curve Fig.1 ก ( ก ) ก กก ก x-axis Fig.1 ก secondary degree polynomial function ก ก ( D ) (D) 9.. ( V ) ก / ก 9.. ก ก ( ก ก )

6 5 ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก 1 กก กก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ( polynomial function, second degree ) ก ก ก v= 66.6 / ก ก ก v= 64.2 /

7 6 ก ก / ก ก ก ก ก ก กก ก 5 / / ก ก V = 63 / ( ก Fig1. ) 5 / ก 63-5= / กก 5 / = 71.6 ~ 72 /

8 7 ก ก ก ก ก Fig2. ก ก ก ก ก ก กก ก 9.. ก 115 ก ( FMJ ) ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก 320 / ก ก Compact 350 / ก ก Service 400 / ก sub-machine gun ก ก กก ก ก 320 / 400 / ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ( Ballistic software ) ( Quick load ) กก ก / ก ก ก Compact sub-machine gun

9 8 4 Discussion ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก กก ก ก ก ก ก ( Ballistic ) ก ก ก ก 1,500-2,000 ก ก ก ก ก ก

10 9 5 Conclusion ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ( Reload) กก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก

11 10 ก ก ก FMJ = Full Metal Jacket ก FMJ (Full Metal Jacket) ก ก ก 1 ก ก ก ก ก ก ก กก ก ก FMJ ก ก ก ก ก ก ก Jacket ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก... ก ก ก (Full Metal Jacket) ก ก ก ก JHP = Jacketed Hollow Point ก JHP Jacketed Hollow Point ก ก ( ) ก ก ก ก ก ก FMJ ก ก ก JHP ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก Hollow point ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ( ก ) ก ก ก ก... ก ก ก ก... ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก JHP ก ก ก FMJ ก ก ก FMJ ก ก ก FMJ ( )

12 ก ก ก FMJ ก กก ก ก ก ก ก JSP = Jacketed Soft Point JSP=Jacketed Soft-Point ก กก ก ก ก ก Hollow point ก ก Jacketed Soft Point ก ก ก ก... กก ก ก กก Hollow Point ก ก ก กก ( ก ) LRN = Lead Round Nose ก ก ก LWC = Lead Wadcutter

13 12 LSWC = Lead Semi Wad cutter ก ก ก ก ก Lead Round Nose/Lead Wad cutter ก " ก " ก ก ก / ก... ก... ก ก ก.22,.38 ก ก LEAD ก ก ก Wad cutter ก Hydra-Shock ก Federal ก JHP ก ก ก ก ก 9mm, 10mm, 32 ACP, 380 ACP, 38 S&W Special, 357 S&W Magnum, 40 S&W, 45 ACP, 45 GAP, 44 S&W Magnum ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ( ) +P +P+ ก Law Enforcement ก Low recoil ก ก Personal Defense ก cor-bon, silver tip ก กก ก

14 BLACK TALON Black talon Winchester ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก BlackTalon ก ก ก ก ก ก ก กก ก ก กก ก ก ก SXT ก BlackTalon ก ก กก ก ก ก ก ก

15 14 AP = ARMOR PIERCING ก AP ARMOR PIERCING ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก METAL PIERCING ก ก ก ก ก

16 15 GOLDEN SABER ก ก GOLDEN SABER ก ก ก ก BLACK TALON ก ก BLACK TALON ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก BLACK TALON ก ก ก GOLDEN SABER

17 16 ก ก FMJ.45, 9mm ก ก ก ก FMJ ก ก Winchester Sliver tips 9mm,.40S&W,.45ACP ก Hydar shok ก ก ก ก ก 3

18 Speer Gold dot ก ก ก ก 17

19 Winchester Black Talon / Ranger SXT 18

20 ก Corbon ( ) Federal EFMJ ( )( Expanding Full Metal Jacket ) ก ก Corbon ก ก Fedearl EFMJ ก FMJ ก semi-auto กก ก ก กก 19 ก Federal EFMJ ก ก ก ก The best of both World!!! ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก ก

21 20 TAURUS Copper bullets.45 ACP กก JHP ก ( ) ก ( ก ) Taurus ก ก ก ก ก ก 99.95% ก ก ก 5.56 (M16) ก ก

22 ก 1. A. Galluser, L expertise des armes a feu (PPUR presses polytechniques), J.Dekinder,S.Lory,W.VanLaere,E.Demuynck,The deviation of bullets passing though window panes, Forensic Sci. Int. 125 (2002) J.I. Thornston,P.J. Cashman, The effect of tempered glass on bullet trajectory, J. Forensic Sci (1986) M.Jauhari, S.M. Chatterjee, P.K. Gosh,Remaining velocity of a bullet fired through glass plate, J. Forensic Sci. Soc. 14 ( 1974)

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