Source induced backgrounds - Gammas
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1 Source induced backgrounds - Gammas CeSox collaboration meeting - APC Vincent Fischer CEA/IRFU/SPP February 05th, 2014 Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 1 / 16
2 Outline 1 Introduction 2 CeSox simulation 3 Results 4 Conclusion Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 1 / 16
3 Introduction Study the source induced gamma background Gammas are randomly emitted in the source and create accidental background Neutrino spectrum below 3 MeV and neutron capture at 2.2 MeV Very sensitive Simulations will give exact attenuation and detected energy spectra Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 2 / 16
4 144 Ce- 144 Pr source γ emission 100 kci (4 PBq) 2 main gammas emitted through 144 Pr decay and MeV Respective BR s of 0.3 and 0.7 % Focus: MeV γ Background for n-h capture at 2.2 MeV Also the most energetic, penetrating and frequent γ emission Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 3 / 16
5 Outline 1 Introduction 2 CeSox simulation 3 Results 4 Conclusion Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 3 / 16
6 Important! The following simulations are done using the KamLAND simulation package! The numbers are extrapolated using basic geometry and attenuations calculations Need to use the full Borexino simulation package Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 4 / 16
7 The CeSox Geant4 geometry Source Made of CeO 2 70 mm half-height, 70 mm radius Shielding Made of tungsten alloy (d = 18.5) Thickness of 16 cm Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 5 / 16
8 Simulation setup Simulation of CeLAND in water OD 8.25 m) Source center located at 9.3 m from KamLAND center (8.25 m from Borexino center) Biological shielding 16 cm thick Densimet185 cylinder MeV γ s shot isotropically and distributed randomly in the CeO 2 source Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 6 / 16
9 Cuts and expectation Cuts applied (regular KamLAND ν e cuts) Prompt energy: [ ] MeV Delayed energy: [ ] MeV Volume cuts: Fiducial volume [0 6] m R < 2 m We expect an attenuation of after all cuts (for KamLAND) Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 7 / 16
10 Outline 1 Introduction 2 CeSox simulation 3 Results 4 Conclusion Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 7 / 16
11 Intermediate attenuation Results after shield only (no OD, no buffer, no geometry effect) Energy spectrum of escaping γ s Attenuation: (no energy cuts) Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 8 / 16
12 Complete attenuation We simulated gammas They went through shield + water + PMT s + buffer Out of these gammas: 30 deposited energy in the LS 4 deposited more than 0.9 MeV (prompt) 0 deposited more than 1.8 MeV (delayed) 0 entered the 6 m radius fiducial volume Giving an attenuation of: No cuts: (R singles = 800 Hz) All cuts: > (R singles < 27 Hz) Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 9 / 16
13 KamLAND-Borexino differences Attenuation = 2.5 m buffer m scintillator (non-fiducial) Attenuation = 2.6 m buffer + 10 cm steel plate Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 10 / 16
14 Results - Borexino Solid angle: KamLAND 6 m radius, 9.6 m Ω = sr Borexino 4.25 m radius, 8.25 m Ω = sr Buffer thickness: Assuming a gamma attenuation length of 20 cm in oil (for 2 MeV gammas) KamLAND 3 m of oil Borexino 2.6 m of oil Two attenuation length missing Attenuation (no cuts): (R singles 3.9 khz) Attenuation (KamLAND cuts): > (R singles < 140 Hz) Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 11 / 16
15 Noteworthy Time consuming simulations 1 s of CeSox simulation hours! Design updates: 8.25 m from center + 19 cm W-shield + 10 cm steel plate More attenuation expected Factor 10 expected from the 3 cm of additional W (λ att = 1.2 cm) Factor 30 expected from the 10 cm of additional Fe (λ att = 3 cm) Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 12 / 16
16 Preliminary accidental rates Inputs: Activity 100 kci Singles rate (no cuts) 4.2 khz Hz Prompt/singles ratio: ɛ p = 0.77, Delayed/singles ratio: ɛ d = 0.26 Coincidence time cut: T = 1000 µs Coincidence volume efficiency: V V = 1 16 Accidental rate (Hz) = (R p ɛ p )(R d ɛ d ) T V V R acc = 2.5 mhz (210 evt.d 1 ) Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 13 / 16
17 Next steps Use the complete Borexino Geant4 simulation Use biaising techniques to increase simulation speed Use another simulation code to cross-check and obtain faster results Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 14 / 16
18 Outline 1 Introduction 2 CeSox simulation 3 Results 4 Conclusion Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 14 / 16
19 Conclusion Expected attenuation seems too low Additional 3 cm plate of Densimet might be worth installing Statistics are too low to give a definitive answer though Stay tuned for the new results with Borexino MC! Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 15 / 16
20 Thanks Thank you for your attention! Vincent Fischer : CEA/IRFU/SPP Source induced backgrounds - Gammas 16 / 16
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