The NuMI Off-axis ν e Appearance Experiment (NOνA)

Transcription

1 The NuMI Off-axis ν e Appearance Experiment (NOνA) THE FIRST NEUTRINO INTERACTION WAS OFFICIALLY OBSERVED DEC. 15, Xinchun Tian Department of Physics and Astronomy Maimi 2010, 2010/17 Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

2 THE FIRST NEUTRINO EVENT - Dec. 15, 2010 Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

3 Outline NOνA Physics Potential NOνA Experiment NuMI Beam The NOνA Detectors Current Status Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) Far Detector Summary Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) / 33

4 NOνA Physics Potential NOνA Physics Potential 1 NOνA can address 7 of the 8 questions posed by the P5 strategic plan for neutrino physics by: intense ν beam kw Off-axis (lower backgrounds) Long baseline ( 810 km) 73% active detector 14 kt total mass What is the value of θ 13? Do neutrino oscillations violate CP? What are the relative masses of the three known neutrinos? Is θ 23 maximal (45 degrees)? Are neutrinos their own anti-particles? What can we learn from observation of the intense flux of neutrinos from a supernova within our galaxy? What can neutrinos reveal about other astrophysical phenomena? What can neutrinos tell us about new physics beyond the SM, dark energy, extra dimensions? Do sterile neutrinos exist? 1 Assume 3 years neutrino + 3 years anti-neutrino beam at 0.7, 1.2, or 2.3 MW. Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

5 NOνA Physics Potential NOνA Physics Potential - θ 13 G. L. Fogli, et al. arxiv: Δχ % C.L. 9 8 KamLAND, hep-ex/ % C.L % C.L. 2 1 Global CHOOZ + Atmospheric + LBL KamLAND + Solar Solar KamLAND sin θ 13 Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

6 NOνA Physics Potential NOνA Physics Potential - θ MINOS -3 Preliminary MINOS Best Fit Super-K 90% MINOS 90% Super-K L/E 90% ) 2 ev -3 (10 2 Δm MINOS 68% P. Vahle, Neutrino PoT - Fiducial Events sin (2θ) NOνA can improve the precision of the ν μ ν τ mixing angle by over an order of magnitude over MINOS. Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

7 NOνA Physics Potential NOνA Physics Potential - Mass Hierarchy 2 ν μ ν τ ν 3 νe νμ ντ ν2 sun atm sun ν e ν e ν μ ν τ ν 2 ν 1 atm νe ν1 νμ ντ ν3 Normal Inverted 95% CL Resolution of the Mass Ordering 95% CL Resolution of the Mass Ordering δ (π) NOνA δ (π) L = 810 km, 15 kt Δm 32 2 = ev 2 sin 2 (2θ 23 ) = 1 Δm 2 < years for each ν and ν NOνA at 700 kw, 1.2 MW, and 2.3 MW L = 810 km, 15 kt Δm 32 2 = ev 2 sin 2 (2θ 23 ) = 1 Δm 2 > 0 3 years for each ν and ν NOνA at 700 kw, 1.2MW, and 2.3MW NOνA sin 2 (θ 23 ) sin 2 (2θ 13 ) sin 2 (2θ 13 ) 2 Matter effect: NOνA 30%, T2K 11%. Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

8 NOνA Physics Potential NOνA Physics Potential - CP phase + Mass Hierarchy Y. Takeuchi, Neutrino 2010 Finite group family symmetry T SU(5): δ = 227 Degree [M. C. Chen et al., Neutrino 2010] Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

9 NOνA Physics Potential NOνA Physics Potential - ν μ - ν μ tension ) 2 ev -3 (10 2 and Δm 2 Δm MINOS ν μ 90% MINOS ν μ 68% Best ν μ Fit POT MINOS Preliminary MINOS ν μ running MINOS ν μ 90% MINOS ν μ 68% Best ν μ Fit POT P. Vahle, 20 Neutrino POT ν μ -mode sin (2θ) and sin (2θ) CC NSI discovery reach in NOΝA 1 year ν +1year ν pot in antineutrino mode J. Kopp, et al., hep-ph/ yrs yrs 5Σ 0.5 yrs 3Σ yrs 1 yrs 3 yrs ΝΜ ΝΜ 3yearν +3year ν pot in neutrino mode Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

10 NOνA Experiment Outline NOνA Physics Potential NOνA Experiment NuMI Beam The NOνA Detectors Current Status Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) Far Detector Summary Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) / 33

11 NOνA Experiment The NOνA Collaboration Argonne Athens Caltech College de France Fermilab Harvard Indiana Lebedev Physical Institute Michigan State Minnesota-Twin Cities Minnesota-Duluth INR Moscow T U Mnchen Northern Illinois Northwestern Ohio State P.U.C. Rio de Janeiro South Carolina SMU Stanford SUNY Stony Brook Tennessee Texas-Austin Texas-Dallas Texas A&M Tufts UCLA Virginia William and Mary Wichita State Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

12 The NOνA Experiment NOνA Experiment Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) / 33

13 NOνA Experiment NuMI Beam NuMI (Neutrinos at the Main Injector) Beam Beam Spectrum tunnable by horn currents, relative placement of target horns ν or ν predominant beam depending on horn current polarity 10 μs beam spill Current every 2.2 sec ( 1.33) Operating since 2005 MINOS, MINERνA, ArgoNEUT Routinely delivers 300 kw beam power ( 700 kw) Most operations to-date in Low Energy mode optimized for MINOS on-axis location Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

14 NOνA Experiment The NOνA Detectors The NOνA Detectors 222 Tons layers (4.2 m 2.9 m 14.3 m) Includes muon catcher for ranging out μ s Each plane just 0.15 X 0, great for electrons 14 ktons layers (15.6 m 15.6 m 68 m) Alternating X/Y measuring planes Over 357,000 independent measurement cells > 70% of total mass is active Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

15 NOνA Experiment The NOνA Detectors Detector Components Avalanche photodiode (APD) converts light to electrical signal (11,160 devices, each 32 pixels) 85% quantum efficiency Liquid Scintillator (3 million gallons) Contained in 3.9 cm 6.6 cm 15.6 m cells 3.9 cm as seen by the beam Cell walls are rigid PVC (5 kilotons) To APD Readout Loaded with 15% anatase form of titanium dioxide Diffuse reflection at walls keeps light near (within 1 m) particle path Looped wavelength-shifting fiber collects light (11,160 km) Fiber diameter 0.7 mm Fiber shifts wavelength to nm along the fiber Scintillation Light Particle Trajectory Waveshifting Fiber Loop 6.6cm 3.9cm Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / m 5m

16 Current Status Outline NOνA Physics Potential NOνA Experiment NuMI Beam The NOνA Detectors Current Status Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) Far Detector Summary Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) / 33

17 Current Status NOνA Schedule September 15, 2008 April 2009 May 1, 2009 July 2009 November 24, 2010 December 15, 2010 March 7, 2011 DOE CD-2 Approved (Project Baseline) NOνA Receives Recovery Act and FY09 Funding NOνA Far Detector Laboratory Groundbreaking DOE CD-3 Review (Full Construction Start) Integration Prototype Near Detector ready to take data First Neutrino Event Observed ND move underground Spring 2013 Far Detector Building Beneficial Occupancy FD construction 2011 through 2013 Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) / 33

18 Current Status Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) Cooling Mains 5th block Dehumidifier Scintillator Plumbing Chiller Power Distribution DCM Power Distribution DCM Water Filter Cooling Manifolds Scintillator Plumbing FEBs Cable Trays Cable Trays 10/23/10 Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) / 33 10/23/10

19 NDOS Current Status Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) Only two di-blocks instrumented, cm in the z direction Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

20 Current Status NDOS - NuMI LE Spectrum Forward Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) Reverse Assuming 2.1E20 Protons-On-Target (POT) Forward and Reverse horn current each Study the detector response prior to operation of the Far Detector Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

21 Current Status Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) NDOS - Physics Forward - 2.1E20 POT Reverse - 1.7E20 POT Measure ν μ QE cross section Measure ν NC/CC single pion production cross section Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

22 Cosmic Ray - Muon Current Status Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

23 Current Status Cosmic Ray - EM Shower Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

24 Current Status Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) First Neutrino Event from NDOS - 19:08, Dec. 15, 2010 Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

25 Far Detector Current Status Far Detector 3 m earth equivalent Barite/Concreate Overburden to reduce cosmic backgrounds Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

26 Current Status Construction - Site and Building Far Detector Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

27 Current Status Far Detector Full Height Engineering Prototype (FHEP) Pivoter Milestone on Nov. 11, 2010 Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) / 33

28 Summary Summary The NOνA experiment is the flagship of U.S. accelerator experiments for the coming decade and is the first of the next generation of Intensity Frontier experiments that form the future of the U.S. accelerator physics program θ 13, θ 23, δ CP, sign(δm32 2 ) Non-Standard Neutrino Interactions (NSI)? 14 kt far detector on schedule to be completed in 2013 Push to install the first 2 blocks at Ash River prior to 2012 accelerator shutdown NDOS is taking data now WE HAVE SEEN NEUTRINO EVENTS Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

29 Summary Game On sin 2 2Θ 13 sensitivity limit NH, 90% CL GLoBES sin 2 2Θ 13 sensitivity reach CHOOZ Solar excluded Double Chooz T2K RENO Daya Bay NO A: Ν Ν NO A: Ν only Year Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

30 Summary Backup Slides Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) / 33

31 Summary NOνA Physics Potential - Supernova 10 second 5000event burst for a supernova near the center of galaxy Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

32 Summary Tevatron Run II Extension Impact on NOvA Reduce the νν μ ν e data set by roughly a factor of 2 during the time period Delay first results on muon antineutrino oscillations by 2 years Delay first results on the mass ordering and the CP violating phase by 2 years Delay final results by 1.5 years Add an additional 3.7 M$ to the cost of the project Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) NOνA@Miami / 33

33 Summary Neutrino Events from NDOS Xinchun Tian (USC, Columbia) / 33