An Investiga tion in to the D evelopm en ta l Fea tures of Ch inese EFL L earners Use of Am plifier Collocations: A Corpus2ba sed Approach
|
|
- Dinah Jasmine Turner
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 No. 1, January 2007 J ou rna l of F oreign L anguages 167 General Serial No. 167 : (2007) : H319 : A 3 1, 2 (1., ; 2., ) :,, : 1), 2) so, very very m uch,, 3),, : ; ; ; ; An Investiga tion in to the D evelopm en ta l Fea tures of Ch inese EFL L earners Use of Am plifier Collocations: A Corpus2ba sed Approach WAN G Hai2hua 1, CHEN Guo2hua 2 (1. Schoo l o f Fo re ign La ngua ge s, D a lian M a ritim e U n ive rsity, D a lian , C h ina; 2. N a tio na l R e se a rch C en tre fo r Fo re ign La ngua ge Educa tio n, B FSU, B e ijing , C h ina ) Abstract Based on the Chinese Learner English Corpus (CLEC) and part of the B ritish National Corpus ( SBNC), this paper investigates the developmental features of Chinese EFL learners use of amp lifier collocations. Results show that 1) the number of collocational tokens of maxim izers grows as the language p roficiency advances, indicating that mo re p roficient learners have a w ider vocabulary at their disposal; 2 ) the learners at high school significantly overuse the three all2rounders ; 3) in respect of the accuracy rate of collocational types and tokens of boosters, Sig2 nificant differences are found between learners at high school and English majors, between non2english majors and English majors. Key words Chinese Learner English Corpus; B ritish National Corpus; amp lifiers; boosters; collocation 1., ( intensifier) [ 1: 178 ], ( amp lifier) ( downtoner) [ 2; 3 ],, a very interesting book an interesting book, very ; You are probably right You are right, probably 3, 52
2 Quirk et al. [ 3 ], (maxim izer) ( booster),, absolutely, entirely, com pletely, totally,, badly, clearly, very, very m uch, 50 [ 4 ], ( very good) ( very well), ( deeply in love) ( It is raining heavily. ), ( nonscalar words), com plete2 ly w rong, entirely accurate, absolutely m arvelous; ( scalar words), incredibly difficult, very beautiful, considerably cheaper,,,,, , [ 3; 5; 6; 7; 8 ], ( [ 9 ] ) ( [ 10 ] ) [ 2; 4 ] [ 10; 11; 12 ],, Granger [ 10 ] Lorenz [ 11; 12 ], Granger [ 10 ] ICLE ( Internation2 al Corpus of Learner English), - ly ( token) ( type), [ 10: 147 ], Granger,, com pletely totally, high2 ly :,,, very Lorenz[ 11; 12 ],, [ 13; 14; 15; 16; 17 ] Lorenz : 1),, very Granger[ 10 ] 2), absolutely silly, extrem ely different 3), com pletely, extrem ely, desperately covered, efficiently stupid Lorenz,,, Lorenz,,, ( ), ( ) ( ) 53
3 ( the Chinese Learner English Corpus CLEC, ) ( Sub2corpus of the B ritish National Corpus SBNC) CLEC SBNC, 1, 400 BNC, Bolinger [ 7 ], Quirk et al. [ 3 ], Kennedy[ 4 ] [ 18 ] [ 19 ] [ 20 ], 31 ( 1) 1 absolutely, altogether, com pletely, en2 tirely, fully, perfectly, thoroughly, to2 tally, utterly awfully, badly, bitterly, clearly, con2 siderably, deeply, enorm ously, extrem e2 ly, far, greatly, heavily, highly, in2 credibly, intensely, particularly, severe2 ly, so, strongly, terribly, very, very m uch, violently, M I 3 [ 21; 22; 23 ],, [ 24 ], (M I < 3),, 4. 1), 1 9 4, 8 9 ; 22 16, , ; 2396, ,, = 100, 000, 2 2 ( 100, 000 ) WordSm ith Tools,, so ( So you can choose... ) ( I think so. ),, SBNC, (mutual information, M I) 2,,,,,, so, very, very m uch %, %, % 54
4 , 3,,, 1 : 3 so, very, very m uch, ( 100, 000 ) ), 10 6, badly, deeply, greatly, so, very very m uch : 4 ( 100, 000 ) badly deep ly greatly so very very much , so, very very m uch, very very m uch,, ( x 2 = , x 2 = , p < ), 1 badly, deeply, greatly, very, very m uch very m uch, very m uch 5 3, like, love m iss, A ltenberg[ 9 ] Kennedy[ 4 ], 5 enjoy, love, like, m iss thank you, very, 10 4 good, im portant, m uch well, im portant, good Lorenz[ 12 ] :, very very m uch, so SO + ADJ ( 1) ; SO + ADJ + NOUN ( S) ( 2) ; SO + ADJ /ADV + THAT(3) ; SO + ADV ( 4) ; NOT + SO + + ADJ /ADV + + AS(5) ; SO + ADJ /ADV + AS + TO (6) ; SO + ADJ /ADV + TO + DO (7) ; SO MUCH SO THAT ( 8) 8 ( p re2 fabricated structure), 2 ( ) : 55
5 2 so 5. 1) 3 4, so, very, very m uch :,,,, Granger [ 10 ], Lorenz[ 11; 12 ] Nesselhauf[ 15; 16 ],,, [ 25 ],, [ 26; 27; 28; 29; 30; 31 ],, 3, 500, ( 4, 538 ; 5, 619 ; 6, 674 ) ( 5, 500-6, 500 ; 10, , 000 ), im pressed very m uch, deeply im pressed ( CO2 BU ILD, deeply im pressed M I 5. 09; BNC, very m uch im pressed M I 1. 44) Granger[ 10 ], ( building bricks) (p. 151) 2) 1, badly, deeply, greatly,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1, greatly, greatly im prove change in2 crease, greatly 59. 3% 6., : 1) 2) so, very very m uch,, 3), 56
6 , Schmitt &Meara [32 ], ( ),,, [12; 13; 14; 16; 17; 33; 34; 35 ],,, ( chunk), : [ 1 ] Partington, A. Corpus evidence of language change: The case of the intensifier [ A ]. M. Baker, G. Francis and E. Tognini2Bonelli. Text and Tech2 nology: In Honor of John S inclair [ C ]. Am ster2 dam: John Benjam ins, [ 2 ] B iber, D., S. Johansson, G. Leech, S. Conrad and E. Finegan. Longm an Gramm ar of Spoken and W ritten English [M ]. Harlow, Essex: Pear2 son Education, [ 3 ] Quirk, R., S. Greenbaum, G. Leech and J. Sv2 artvik. A Com prehensive Gramm ar of the English Language [ M ]. Harlow, Essex: Longman, [ 4 ] Kennedy, G. Amp lifier collocations in the B ritish National Corpus: Imp lications for English lan2 guage teaching [ J ]. TESOL Q uarterly, 2003, (7) : [ 5 ] A llerton, D. J. English intensifiers and their idi2 osyncracies [A ]. R. Steele and T. Threadgold. Language Topics: Essays in Honor of M ichael Halliday [ C ]. Am sterdam: John Benjam ins, [ 6 ] Bgcklund, U. The Collocation of A dverbs of D e2 gree in English [M ]. Upp sala: Acta, [ 7 ] Bolinger, D. D egree W ords [M ]. The Hague: Mouton, [ 8 ] Greenbaum, S. V erb2intensifier Collocations in English: A n Experim ental A pproach [ M ]. The Hague: Mouton, [ 9 ] A ltenberg, B. Amp lifier collocations in spoken English [ A ]. S. Johansson and A. Stenstrom. English Com puter Corpora: Selected Papers and Research Guide [ C ]. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, [ 10 ] Granger, S. Prefabricated patterns in advanced EFL writing: Collocations and formulae [A ]. A. P. Cowie. Phraseology: Theory, A nalysis and A pplications [ C ]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, [ 11 ] Lorenz, G. R. Overstatement in advanced learn2 ers writing: Stylistic aspects of adjective intensi2 fication [ A ]. S. Granger. Learner English on Com puter [ C ]. London: Addison W esley Long2 man, [ 12 ] Lorenz, G. R. A djective Intensification: L earners versus N ative Speakers: A Corpus S tudy of A rgu2 m entative W riting [ M ]. Am sterdam: Rodop i, [ 13 ] Channell, J. App lying semantic theory to vocabu2 lary teaching [ J ]. ELT Journal, 1981, ( 35 ) : [ 14 ] Bahns, J. and M. Eldaw. Should we teach EFL learners collocation? [ J ]. System, 1993, ( 21) : [ 15 ] Nesselhauf, N. The use of collocations by ad2 vanced learners of English and some imp lications for teaching [ J ]. A pplied L inguistics, 2003, (24) : [ 16 ] Nesselhauf, N. Collocations in a Learner Corpus [M ]. Am sterdam: John Benjam ins, [ 17 ] Schm itt, N. V ocabulary in Language Teaching [M ]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, [ 18 ]
7 [M ]. :, [ 19 ]. ( ) [M ]. :, 2004, [ 20 ]. [M ]. :, [ 21 ] Church, K. W. and P. Hanks. Word association norm s, mutual information, and lexicography [ J ]. Com putational L inguistics, 1990, ( 16) : [ 22 ] Hunston, S. Corpora in A pplied L inguistics [M ]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, [ 23 ] Stubbs, M. W ords and Phrases [M ]. Oxford: B lackwell, [ 24 ] Ellis, R. The S tudy of Second L anguage A cquisi2 tion [ M ]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, [ 25 ] Larsen - Freeman, D. An exp lanation for the morpheme acquisition of second language learners [ J ]. Language Learning, 1976, ( 26) : [ 26 ] B ley - V roman, R. Frequency in p roduction, comp rehension, and acquisition [ J ]. S tudies in Second Language A cquisition, 2002, ( 24) : [ 27 ] Ellis, N. Frequency effects in language p rocess2 ing [ J ]. S tudies in Second L anguage A cquisition, 2002, (24) : [ 28 ] Ellis, R. and G. Barkhuizen. A nalysing L earner Language [ M ]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, [ 29 ] Gass, S. and A. M ackey. Frequency effects and second language acquisition [ J ]. S tudies in Sec2 ond Language A cquisition, 2002, ( 24) : [ 30 ] Hulstijn, J. H. W hat does the impact of frequen2 cy tell us about the language acquisition device? [ J ] S tudies in Second Language A cquisition, 2002, (24) : [ 31 ] Tarone, E. Frequency effects, noticing, and cre2 ativity [ J ]. S tudies in Second Language A cquisi2 tion, 2002, (24) : [ 32 ] Schm itt, N. and P. Meara. Researching vocabu2 lary through a word knowledge framework [ J ]. S tudies in Second Language A cquisition, 1997, (19) : [ 33 ] Gitsaki, C. Second Language Lexical Acquisition: A S tudy of the D evelopm ent of Collocational Know l2 edge [M ]. San Franciso: International Scholars Publications, [ 34 ]. [D ]. :, [ 35 ]. CAUSE [ J ]., 2005, (3) : : :,,, :,,,, : ,,, , 1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; 6 ; 7 ; 8 ; 9 ; 10 : ( ), dictionaria2007@163. com moonriverheartbreaker@ yahoo. com. cn : (023) ; ; (023)
Foreign Language W orld No ( General Serial No. 118)
Foreign Language W orld No. 1 2007 ( General Serial No. 118) :,,, : ; ; ; Abstract: Based on the interrelations between the cognitive p rocess of vocabulary acquisition, word storage in human brain and
More informationA Pr imary Con tra stive Study of the Form s of Ch inese2english Ind irect Anaphora
20051 21 1 Journal of Sichuan International Studies University Jan., 2005 Vol. 21No. 1 (, 2 1 5 0 2 1 ) :,,,, : ; ;; : H043 : A: 1003-3831 (2005) 01-0108 - 05 A Pr imary Con tra stive Study of the Form
More information2001 Journal of X i an Fo reign L anguages U niversity V o l. 9 N o. 3 ( )
2001 9 9 3 2001 Sep. Journal of X i an Fo reign L anguages U niversity V o l. 9 N o. 3 ( 315211) :,,, ;,,, : ; ; ; : H 030: A : 100824703 (2001) 0320044205 1.,,, 2. 1978 W o lfson, ( Pom erantz 1978, M
More information( name, ), 1 ( a), (p lay2scrip t) ( act) ( b),
79 3 ( name, ),,, :,,,,, ;,,,, : 1 ( a), :, :,,, ( b), :, :,,, 1 ( a) ( b), :, ( ),, (p lay2scrip t),,,,,, ( act), ( scene),,, 1 ( a) ( b), 1 ( a) ( b),,, ( ) 3 ( 07BZX047) 80 2010 1,,,,,,,,, : 1.,,,,,
More informationJOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES Mar., 2008 : X24 : A : (2008) : ; : : ( )
23 2 Vol123 No12 2008 3 JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES Mar., 2008 : (, 100101) :,,,,,,,(),,, : ; ; ; : X24 : A: 1000-3037 (2008) 02-0177 - 08 1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2,, [ 1, 2 ] : 2007-06- 09; : 2007-12- 26 :
More information,,, ( personal knowl2 edge) (mutual knowledge) Keysar, B ly, Barr, Keysar, Giora ( egocentric) Barr, Keysar, Colston and Katz
2010 4 26 2 ( ) Journal of China University of Petroleum ( Edition of Social Sciences) Ap r. 2010 Vol. 26 No. 2 1, 2, 3 (1., 310028; 2., 524048; 3., 361005) [ ] ;,, /,, [ ] ; ; ; ; ; [ ]H0 [ ]A [ ] 1673-5595
More informationBellman-F o r d s A lg o r i t h m The id ea: There is a shortest p ath f rom s to any other verte that d oes not contain a non-negative cy cle ( can
W Bellman Ford Algorithm This is an algorithm that solves the single source shortest p ath p rob lem ( sssp ( f ind s the d istances and shortest p aths f rom a source to all other nod es f or the case
More informationM itchelson R L , (Wolfson index) ( Tsui - W ang index) : ; : : ( ) :,, E - mail: edu.
2 8 6 28 No. 6 Vol. 2 0 0 8 1 2 SC IENTIA GEOGRAPH ICA SIN ICA Dec., 2 0 0 8 1, 2, 3 (1., 100101; 2., 100049; 3.,, 130024) : ; 1990, ;, - ;, - : ; ; ; ; : F119. 9 : A : 1000-0690 (2008) 06-0722 - 07, M
More informationChina Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES Aug, 2009
24 8 Vol124 No18 20098 JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES Aug, 2009, (, 710062) : 19962006,,, 15,:,,,,,,, : ; ; ; : F29111: A : 1000-3037 (2009) 08-1378 - 08 1 1978 1719%20064319%, 0193 [ 1 ] 20 90,, 19962002
More informationCon struction and applica tion of m odeling tendency of land type tran sition ba sed on spa tia l adjacency
29 1 2009 1 ACTA ECOLOGICA SIN ICA Vol. 29, No. 1 Jan., 2009 1, 2, 3, 1, 3 (1., 250014; 2. ( ), 100083; 3., 100101) :,, 2000 2005,,,,, : ; ; ; : 100020933 (2009) 0120337207 : F323. 1, Q147, S126 : A Con
More informationUse precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.WHST D
Lesson eight What are characteristics of chemical reactions? Science Constructing Explanations, Engaging in Argument and Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS Reading
More information1 adventure community. 2 indifferent unmistakable. 3 correction fundamentally. 4 consolidate reinvestigate. ACTIVITY D: Strategy Instruction
Display 14.1 ACTIVITY D: Strategy Instruction 1 adventure community 2 indifferent unmistakable 3 correction fundamentally 4 consolidate reinvestigate Display 14.2 ACTIVITY D: Strategy Instruction 1 ad
More informationThe Electron ic PSC Testing System
20 6 JO URAL O F CH IESE IFO RM AT IO PROCESS IG Vol120 o16 : 1003-0077 (2006) 06-0089 - 08,,, (, 230027) : 100,,, 500,, (2144)(2130) :; ;; ; ; : TP391: A The Electron ic PSC Testing System W E I Si, L
More informationPrenominal Modifier Ordering via MSA. Alignment
Introduction Prenominal Modifier Ordering via Multiple Sequence Alignment Aaron Dunlop Margaret Mitchell 2 Brian Roark Oregon Health & Science University Portland, OR 2 University of Aberdeen Aberdeen,
More informationNews English.com Ready-to-use ESL / EFL Lessons
www.breaking News English.com Ready-to-use ESL / EFL Lessons The Breaking News English.com Resource Book 1,000 Ideas & Activities For Language Teachers http://www.breakingnewsenglish.com/book.html Map
More informationRasch , 40 (9) : ,,, ,,,, B A cta Psychologica S in ica DO I: /SP. J
2008, 40 (9) : 1030 1040 A cta Psychologica S in ica DO I: 10. 3724 /SP. J. 1041. 2008. 01030 Rasch 3 1 2 ( 1,,100875) ( 2 Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, MA 02138, USA) Rasch, 66,,,,
More informationChinese Journal of Scientific Instrument. High frequency we ighted M FCC extraction for noise robust speaker ver if ication
29 3 20083 Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument Vol129 No13 Mar. 2008 M FCC 1, 1, 2 (1 400044; 2 400044) : MFCC Mel,,,,, MFCC,,, : ; ; ; ; MFCC : TP192. 3 : A: 520. 2040 High frequency we ighted M
More informationMajor Languages of the Americas
Your web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and Activitydevelop the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore Major Languages of the Americas How are languages
More information( being qua being) , (material2. (ontology of reason), ( 02JAZJD720005) 2004 ( 05FCZD008),
3 3, : (matter, ),,,,, : ; :, -, (ontology) 17, ( being qua being), (Being),,, ( ) ( ), ( ) ( ),,, (material2 ism) (material, matter ), (ontology of matter) ; ( idealism ) ( idea), (ontology of reason),,,
More informationLesson Ten. What role does energy play in chemical reactions? Grade 8. Science. 90 minutes ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS
Lesson Ten What role does energy play in chemical reactions? Science Asking Questions, Developing Models, Investigating, Analyzing Data and Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information ENGLISH
More informationChouliaraki Fairclough
29 2 2009 3 Journal of Tianjin University of Commerce Vol. 29 No. 2 Mar. 2009, (,300134),,,,,, ; ; ; ; H0205 A 1674-2362 (2009) 02-0020 - 04 2007 11 9, ( ), :,10 11 ;, 1 3,;, 3 1,, 1 [ 1 ],, Fairclough,,,
More informationI cu n y li in Wal wi m hu n Mik an t o da t Bri an Si n. We al ha a c o k do na Di g.
Aug 25, 2018 De r Fam e, Wel to 7t - ra at Dun Lak! My na is Mr. Van Wag an I te 7t g a la ge ar, an so s u s. Whi t i wi be m 13t ye of te n, it is m 1s ye D S an Cal i Com t Sc o s. I am so ha y an ex
More informationGenre-specific properties of adverbial clauses in English academic writing and newspaper texts. Elma Kerz & Daniel Wiechmann
Genre-specific properties of adverbial clauses in English academic writing and newspaper texts Elma Kerz & Daniel Wiechmann A constructionist perspective on patterns Schematicity Complex sentence constructions
More informationA Study for Evaluating the Importance of Various Parts of Speech (POS) for Information Retrieval (IR)
A Study for Evaluating the Importance of Various Parts of Speech (POS) for Information Retrieval (IR) Chirag Shah Dept. of CSE IIT Bombay, Powai Mumbai - 400 076, Maharashtra, India. Email: chirag@cse.iitb.ac.in
More informationCharacteristics of the Text Genre Informational Text Text Structure
LESSON 13 TEACHER S GUIDE Seasons Around the World by Brendan Jameson Fountas-Pinnell Level K Informational Text Selection Summary There are more than the traditional four seasons. Some places in the world
More informationMidterm sample questions
Midterm sample questions CS 585, Brendan O Connor and David Belanger October 12, 2014 1 Topics on the midterm Language concepts Translation issues: word order, multiword translations Human evaluation Parts
More informationNatural Semantic Metalanguage Rationales and Prospects
2012 4 167 FOREIGN LANGUAGE RESEARCH 2012 No. 4 Serial No. 167 *? * 710072 H030 A 1000-0100 2012 04-0045 - 5 Natural Semantic Metalanguage Rationales and Prospects Pu Dong-mei Northwestern Polytechnical
More informationUnit #4: Collocation analysis in R Stefan Evert 23 June 2016
Unit #4: Collocation analysis in R Stefan Evert 23 June 2016 Contents Co-occurrence data & contingency tables 1 Notation................................................... 1 Contingency tables in R..........................................
More informationInternet-assisted Chinese-English Dictionary Compilation
East China Normal University From the SelectedWorks of Gang Zhao Spring March 10, 2005 Internet-assisted Chinese-English Dictionary Compilation Gang Zhao, East China Normal University Available at: https://works.bepress.com/gang_zhao1/1/
More informationForm and content. Iowa Research Online. University of Iowa. Ann A Rahim Khan University of Iowa. Theses and Dissertations
University of Iowa Iowa Research Online Theses and Dissertations 1979 Form and content Ann A Rahim Khan University of Iowa Posted with permission of the author. This thesis is available at Iowa Research
More informationCAFLEC. 1,Mark Davies 2, 3. (Davies, 2005: 301) COCA. , Table 1. Table 3
123 2008 9 CAFLEC No. 123 Sep. 2008 3 3 (COCA) 1,Mark Davies 2, 3 (1., 400030; 2. B righam Young University, USA; 3., 310036) : Mark Davies COCA 3. 6, 1990 2007 18, : COCA ; : H319. 3 : B : 100125795 (2008)
More informationStatistical NLP: Lecture 7. Collocations. (Ch 5) Introduction
Statistical NLP: Lecture 7 Collocations Ch 5 Introduction Collocations are characterized b limited compositionalit. Large overlap between the concepts of collocations and terms, technical term and terminological
More informationApplied Natural Language Processing
Applied Natural Language Processing Info 256 Lecture 3: Finding Distinctive Terms (Jan 29, 2019) David Bamman, UC Berkeley https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/ 2017/11/07/upshot/modern-love-what-wewrite-when-we-write-about-love.html
More informationUse precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.WHST D
Lesson seven What is a chemical reaction? Science Constructing Explanations, Engaging in Argument and Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS Reading Informational Text,
More information: O646 : A (DFAFC),,,, DFAFC. PdCl 2, Pd2NH 3, H 2. CO 2,. : Pd, Vol. 15 No. 4 Nov ELECTROCHEM ISTRY : (2009)
15 4 2009 11 ELECTROCHEM ISTRY Vol. 15 No. 4 Nov. 2009 : 100623471 (2009) 042382205 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 23 (1., 210016; 2., 200050) : Pd ( Pd /C)., Pd. Pd,, Pd 2. 7 nm5. 8 nm. Pd /C Pd,,Pd,. Pd3. 6 nm,. : Pd
More informationID: V i e w A l l F i r s t 1 of 1 L a s t
ID: Academ ic Adv isem ent University of New Orleans Undergraduate This report last generated on 07/22/2014 2:11PM collapse all expand all view report as pdf Taken In Progress Planned Dis claim e r [RG:
More information(2009) Journal of Rem ote Sensing (, 2006) 2. 1 (, 1999), : ( : 2007CB714402) ;
100724619 (2009) 0220183207 Journal of Rem ote Sensing 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 1 1., 100101; 2., 100049; 3., 100080 :,,, 3, ( ),1%,, :,,, : TP79 : A 1 20,,,,;, (, 1999),,,,, (, 2006),,,,, 2 2. 1 : 2007209217; :
More informationThe Noisy Channel Model and Markov Models
1/24 The Noisy Channel Model and Markov Models Mark Johnson September 3, 2014 2/24 The big ideas The story so far: machine learning classifiers learn a function that maps a data item X to a label Y handle
More informationAn Empirical Study on Dimensionality Optimization in Text Mining for Linguistic Knowledge Acquisition
An Empirical Study on Dimensionality Optimization in Text Mining for Linguistic Knowledge Acquisition Yu-Seop Kim 1, Jeong-Ho Chang 2, and Byoung-Tak Zhang 2 1 Division of Information and Telecommunication
More informationNatural Language Processing SoSe Words and Language Model
Natural Language Processing SoSe 2016 Words and Language Model Dr. Mariana Neves May 2nd, 2016 Outline 2 Words Language Model Outline 3 Words Language Model Tokenization Separation of words in a sentence
More information-,,, /,,,. ,,, ( ) ( ),. - ( event story ),,. - ( issue report ), ( / )., (White 1997)., (,, ), (news reports),,,,,,,
Abstract Short news story is a wellknown journalistic genre Though it satisfies all the essential criteria of narrativity it differs from a news report A description of the structural properties of a short
More informationV o l. 21, N o. 2 M ar., 2002 PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y ,, 2030, (KZ9522J 12220) E2m ail: w igsnrr1ac1cn
21 2 2002 3 PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y V o l. 21, N o. 2 M ar., 2002 : 100726301 (2002) 022121209 30, (, 100101) : 30,, 2030 16, 3,, 2030,,, 2030, 13110 6 hm 2 2010 2030 420 kg 460 kg, 5 79610 8 kg7 36010
More informationInformation Retrieval and Web Search Engines
Information Retrieval and Web Search Engines Lecture 4: Probabilistic Retrieval Models April 29, 2010 Wolf-Tilo Balke and Joachim Selke Institut für Informationssysteme Technische Universität Braunschweig
More informationCore When? & Literacy
Core it For Me! Increased Student Accountability Engagement with Core Language Core How Vocabulary? Increased Least Dangerous rigor of what Assumption students should & know Assume and Competence be able
More informationChina Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
Vol. 27 No. 4 2 0 0 6 4 CHEM ICAL JOURNAL OF CH INESE UN IVERSITIES 687 69,, (,, 030006),, ( 2 ) ;, HSA BSA, 2,. ; (HSA) ; (BSA) ; O644; O657 A 02520790 (2006) 0420687205 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ),. DNA, DNA [ ],
More informationFoundations of Natural Language Processing Lecture 5 More smoothing and the Noisy Channel Model
Foundations of Natural Language Processing Lecture 5 More smoothing and the Noisy Channel Model Alex Lascarides (Slides based on those from Alex Lascarides, Sharon Goldwater and Philipop Koehn) 30 January
More informationI zm ir I nstiute of Technology CS Lecture Notes are based on the CS 101 notes at the University of I llinois at Urbana-Cham paign
I zm ir I nstiute of Technology CS - 1 0 2 Lecture 1 Lecture Notes are based on the CS 101 notes at the University of I llinois at Urbana-Cham paign I zm ir I nstiute of Technology W hat w ill I learn
More informationYour web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore
Your web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore Activitydevelop FO O D CRO PS IN THE AMERICAS Where are food crops
More informationF O R M T H R E E K enya C ertificate of Secondary E ducation
N a m e : A d m. N o...... D a t e : C la ss:.... 565/1 FO R M 3 B U S I N E S S S T U D I E S P A P E R 1 T I M E : 2 H O U R S T R I A L 6 2 0 1 8 FO R M 3 B U S I N E S S S T U D I E S P A P E R 1 T
More informationOH BOY! Story. N a r r a t iv e a n d o bj e c t s th ea t e r Fo r a l l a g e s, fr o m th e a ge of 9
OH BOY! O h Boy!, was or igin a lly cr eat ed in F r en ch an d was a m a jor s u cc ess on t h e Fr en ch st a ge f or young au di enc es. It h a s b een s een by ap pr ox i ma t ely 175,000 sp ect at
More information(IGBP) km 2,? PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y. V o l. 20, N o. 4 D ec., 2001 : (2001) m m 3,
20 4 2001 12 PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y V o l. 20, N o. 4 D ec., 2001 : 100726301 (2001) 0420355209, (, 100101) :, 501 mm 502 mm, 765 10 8 m 3 638 10 8 m 3, 127 10 8 m 3,,, ;, : ; ; : P42616; P343 : A
More informationOPTIMISATION PROCESSES IN TIDAL ANALYSIS
OPTIMISATION PROCESSES IN TIDAL ANALYSIS by M. T. M u r r a y Liverpool Tid al In stitu te Introduction An analysis of tidal observations is norm ally carried out, not as an end in itself, but in order
More informationDT2118 Speech and Speaker Recognition
DT2118 Speech and Speaker Recognition Language Modelling Giampiero Salvi KTH/CSC/TMH giampi@kth.se VT 2015 1 / 56 Outline Introduction Formal Language Theory Stochastic Language Models (SLM) N-gram Language
More informationChapter 5 Workshop on Fitting of Linear Data
Chapter 5 Workshop on Fitting of Linear Data (Contributed by E.L. Allen, SJSU) 5.0 Learning Objectives After successfully com pleting this laboratory workshop, including the assigned reading, the lab repot
More informationChina Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved. most ), (clause), ( discourse analysis)
,, ( Conversation Analysis),, (Discourse Grammar),, 20 80, (, Discourse Analysis/ Text Grammar), Brow and Yule Discourse Analysis,,,,,?,,,?,,,,,,, (naturally occurring data) (linguistic context) (extra2linguistic
More informationChina Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
2006 09 28 5 Modern Law Science Vol128 No. 5 Sep t., 2006 : 1001-2397 (2006) 05-0059 - 09 (, 000115) : :,, ;,,,, ( ), ( ) ;,,,,,,,,, ;,,,, : ; ; : DF082 : A 2006,, ;, :,,, : 2006-07 - 07 : (1935 - ),,,,
More information( cop ing) , Gentry (1983) : ( Science of Cop ing) [ 1 ] Van D ick W agner ( 2001) (mobbing), [ 9 ], Sirbaskn Cohen (2001) ,,,
2005, 37 (3) : 413 419 A cta Psychologica S in ica : 3 (, 215021) 1806, 30 :, SARS, ; 0. 86, 0. 79, 63 0. 71, 30,,, B849 1 ( cop ing), Gentry (1983) : ( Science of Cop ing) [ 1 ],,, ;, [ 2, 3 ], [ 4 7
More information34 12 Journal of Sou th C hina U n iversity of Technology V ol. 34 N o. 12. : SimSci/PRO.
( ) 34 12 Journal of Sou th C hina U n iversity of Technology V ol. 34 N o. 12 2006 12 (N atu ral Science Edition) D ecem ber 2006 : 10002565X (2006) 1220110205 3 1 1 1 2 (1., 510640; 2., 516211) : SimSci/PRO.,,
More information, kw, kw 3176%,, JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES Aug., , : F42612 : A : (2009)
24 8 Vol124 No18 2009 8 JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES Aug., 2009 1, 2, 13 (11, 100101; 21, 100049) : 1997 2006 10,,,, 2006 GDP 527111 1 195120 5 745182, 3,,,,, 4 : : ; ; ; : F42612 : A: 1000-3037 (2009)
More information( Stationary wavelet transform, SW T) [ 5 ]
123 20106 JOURAL OF GEO2IFORATIO SC IECE Vol112, o13 Jun1, 2010, 3 (, 350108;, 350108) :,, : allat (DW T) trous ( SW T) (SCT),IHS PCA IKOOS,,,,, DW T SW T SCT ; DW T SW T SCT IHS PCA,, IHS PCA,, SCT PCA,
More informationAHP JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES Feb., 2010 : F32614 : A : (2010)
25 2 Vol125 No12 20102 JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES Feb., 2010 AHP,, (, 510300) :,(AHP), 3 23,, 19782007,30,, 1984, 1978 51. 7%1999, 2007 1978 72. 4%, : ; ; ; ; : F32614: A : 1000-3037 (2010) 02-0249 -
More informationADEC ENGLISH TEACHING RESOURCE BANK GRADE 12. Trimester 2 COMPARISON OF ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS. Non-Differentiated
GRADE 12 Trimester 2 ADEC ENGLISH TEACHING RESOURCE BANK COMPARISON OF ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS Non-Differentiated Before you read Work in pairs. Look at these images of ancient structures. Some of these
More informationNMR SPECTROSCOPY IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (OXFORD CHEMISTRY PRIMERS) BY JONATHAN A. IGGO
Read Online and Download Ebook NMR SPECTROSCOPY IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (OXFORD CHEMISTRY PRIMERS) BY JONATHAN A. IGGO DOWNLOAD EBOOK : NMR SPECTROSCOPY IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY Click link bellow and free
More informationResults as of 30 September 2018
rt Results as of 30 September 2018 F r e e t r a n s l a t ion f r o m t h e o r ig ina l in S p a n is h. I n t h e e v e n t o f d i s c r e p a n c y, t h e Sp a n i s h - la n g u a g e v e r s ion
More informationDISTRIBUTIONAL SEMANTICS
COMP90042 LECTURE 4 DISTRIBUTIONAL SEMANTICS LEXICAL DATABASES - PROBLEMS Manually constructed Expensive Human annotation can be biased and noisy Language is dynamic New words: slangs, terminology, etc.
More informationA L A BA M A L A W R E V IE W
A L A BA M A L A W R E V IE W Volume 52 Fall 2000 Number 1 B E F O R E D I S A B I L I T Y C I V I L R I G HT S : C I V I L W A R P E N S I O N S A N D TH E P O L I T I C S O F D I S A B I L I T Y I N
More informationSummarizing Opinions: Aspect Extraction Meets Sentiment Prediction and They Are Both Weakly Supervised
Summarizing Opinions: Aspect Extraction Meets Sentiment Prediction and They Are Both Weakly Supervised Stefanos Angelidis and Mirella Lapata Institute for Language, Cognition, and Computation School of
More information27. THESE SENTENCES CERTAINLY LOOK DIFFERENT
27 HESE SENENCES CERAINLY LOOK DIEREN comparing expressions versus comparing sentences a motivating example: sentences that LOOK different; but, in a very important way, are the same Whereas the = sign
More informationConcise English-Chinese Chinese-English Dictionary (4th Edition) (English And Chinese Edition) By Martin Manser (Editor) READ ONLINE
Concise English-Chinese Chinese-English Dictionary (4th Edition) (English And Chinese Edition) By Martin Manser (Editor) READ ONLINE DICTIONARIES IN LANGUAGE LEARNING. general dictionary (e.g. Dictionary
More informationGeneral type-token distribution
Biometrika (2012), 99, 1, pp. 1 5 C 2012 Biometrika Trust Printed in Great Britain Advance Access publication on 31 July 2012 General type-token distribution BY S. HIDAKA School of Knowledge Science, Japan
More informationAn axiomatic approach to speaker preferences
1 An axiomatic approach to speaker preferences In this paper, we propose a set of axioms that can be used to model the choices made by speakers and hearers when pairing speech signals with meanings in
More informationLecture 3: Probabilistic Retrieval Models
Probabilistic Retrieval Models Information Retrieval and Web Search Engines Lecture 3: Probabilistic Retrieval Models November 5 th, 2013 Wolf-Tilo Balke and Kinda El Maarry Institut für Informationssysteme
More informationYour web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore
Your web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore Activityapply MEASU RING DISTANCES O N A MAP How can you use a map
More informationMETHODOLOGIES IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION. on May 20, 2017
SELF REFLECTION What was your second or foreign language learning experience? How would you characterize your teachers teaching method(ology)? How effective was it for you? METHODOLOGIES IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION
More informationLSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1976 Infestation of Root Nodules of Soybean by Larvae of the Bean Leaf Beetle, Cerotoma Trifurcata
More information27. THESE SENTENCES CERTAINLY LOOK DIFFERENT
get the complete book: http://wwwonemathematicalcatorg/getullextullbookhtm 27 HESE SENENCES CERAINLY LOOK DIEREN comparing expressions versus comparing sentences a motivating example: sentences that LOOK
More informationLECTURER: BURCU CAN Spring
LECTURER: BURCU CAN 2017-2018 Spring Regular Language Hidden Markov Model (HMM) Context Free Language Context Sensitive Language Probabilistic Context Free Grammar (PCFG) Unrestricted Language PCFGs can
More informationM otor Fault D iagnosis w ith M ultisen sor Da ta Fusion
17 1 o l. 17 N o. 1 V 2005 2 P roceedings of the CSU 2EPSA Feb. 2005, (, 310027) :,,,,,, (fusion diagno sis system, FD S), : ; ; ; : T P212; TM 307 : A : 100328930 (2005) 0120048205 M otor Fault D iagnosis
More informationA Student's Guide To The Mathematics Of Astronomy PDF
A Student's Guide To The Mathematics Of Astronomy PDF The study of astronomy offers an unlimited opportunity for us to gain a deeper understanding of our planet, the Solar System, the Milky Way Galaxy
More informationGENERAL ARTICLE Realm of Matrices
Realm of Matrices Exponential and Logarithm Functions Debapriya Biswas Debapriya Biswas is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Mathematics, IIT- Kharagpur, West Bengal, India. Her areas of interest
More informationRiverview NATURE S PATTERNS NATURE S PATTERNS. January/ February LEARNING ABOUT HAS BEEN A BLAST! Jason shares. what he sees.
LEARNING ABOUT Riverview MRS. MULLEN & MS. DIANA FIRST GRADE CLASS NATURE S PATTERNS HAS BEEN A BLAST! January/ February- 2017 NATURE S PATTERNS 5...4...3...2...1...BLAST OFF! We have taken off on an incredible
More informationAmount of Substance and Its Unit Mole- Connecting the Invisible Micro World to the Observable Macro World Part 2 (English, mp4)
Amount of Substance and Its Unit Mole- Connecting the Invisible Micro World to the Observable Macro World Part 2 (English, mp4) [MUSIC PLAYING] Instructor: Hi, everyone. Welcome back. I hope you had some
More informationTeacher s Notes. Level 1. Did you know? Pearson English Kids Readers. Teacher s Notes. Summary of the story. Background information.
Suitable for: Level 1 young learners who have completed up to 50 hours of study in English Type of English: American Headwords: 200 Key words: 5 (see pages 2 and 5 of these ) Key grammar: present simple,
More informationNatural Language Processing SoSe Language Modelling. (based on the slides of Dr. Saeedeh Momtazi)
Natural Language Processing SoSe 2015 Language Modelling Dr. Mariana Neves April 20th, 2015 (based on the slides of Dr. Saeedeh Momtazi) Outline 2 Motivation Estimation Evaluation Smoothing Outline 3 Motivation
More informationSocial Data Mining Trainer: Enrico De Santis, PhD
Social Data Mining Trainer: Enrico De Santis, PhD enrico.desantis@uniroma1.it CONTRACTOR IS ACTING UNDER A FRAMEWORK CONTRACT CONCLUDED WITH THE COMMISSION Outlines Vector Semantics From plain text to
More informationThe Ability C ongress held at the Shoreham Hotel Decem ber 29 to 31, was a reco rd breaker for winter C ongresses.
The Ability C ongress held at the Shoreham Hotel Decem ber 29 to 31, was a reco rd breaker for winter C ongresses. Attended by m ore than 3 00 people, all seem ed delighted, with the lectu res and sem
More informationCS 188 Introduction to AI Fall 2005 Stuart Russell Final
NAME: SID#: Section: 1 CS 188 Introduction to AI all 2005 Stuart Russell inal You have 2 hours and 50 minutes. he exam is open-book, open-notes. 100 points total. Panic not. Mark your answers ON HE EXAM
More information1. 1 M oo 3-TiO 2gSiO 2. Perk in E lm er2l am bda 35 UV 2V is Spectrom eter : E2m ail: tp ṫ tj. cn
V ol. 25 N o. 6 2 0 0 4 6 CHEM ICAL JOU RNAL O F CH IN ESE UN IV ERS IT IES 11151119 M oo 3-TiO 2gSiO 2,,,,, (, 300072) M oo 32T io 2gSiO 2, XRD, BET, TPR, IR, UVDR S TPD,,,, ; T io 2 SiO 2 M oo 3,,. 100,
More informationChapter 3. Vectors and Coordinate Systems
Chapter 3. Vectors and Coordinate Systems Our universe has three dimensions, so some quantities also need a direction for a full description. For example, wind has both a speed and a direction; hence the
More informationQUATERNARY SC IENCES
28 4 20087 QUATERNARYSC IENCES Vol. 28, No. 4 July, 2008 1001-7410 (2008) 04-535 - 09 3 (, 100101;,, 730000),, 100,,,,,, ( < 200m) (200500m) (5001000m ) (10002500m)( > 2500m)7,, 1 500000 1 1000000 (DTM
More informationUniversity Physics With Modern Physics (12th Edition) Download Free (EPUB, PDF)
University Physics With Modern Physics (12th Edition) Download Free (EPUB, PDF) University Physics with Modern Physics, Twelfth Edition Hardcover: 1632 pages Publisher: Addison-Wesley; 12th edition (March
More informationFENX I HUAXUE) Chinese Journal of Analytical Chem istry ) ; AS20500A U ltrasonic Cleaner p, p (No )
33 FENX I HUAXUE) ( 2005 5 5 Chinese Journal of Analytical Chem istry 614 618 3 1, 2 2 1 1 (,330047) 2 (,330047) 11 8 30%,,,, GC2ECD ( n = 5) 78. 6% 119. 7% 86. 5% 114. 0%, 3. 6% 8. 7% 4. 4% 10. 2% : 01005
More informationLecture 1b: Text, terms, and bags of words
Lecture 1b: Text, terms, and bags of words Trevor Cohn (based on slides by William Webber) COMP90042, 2015, Semester 1 Corpus, document, term Body of text referred to as corpus Corpus regarded as a collection
More informationTOEFL ibt. By James Abela.
TOEFL ibt By James Abela Outline About The Exam Note-Taking Brainstorming English Media About The Exam Exam used for university Entrance in the US. Accepted in some European and Asian Universities Marked
More informationINTERACTIVE INTERACTIVE NOTEBOOK NOTEBOOK VOCABULARY VOCABULARY GRADES
Take note-taking to the next level. The templates and lessons in these books will make teaching Greek and Latin roots, prefixes, and suffixes a revolutionary hands-on, interactive experience that will
More informationGloVe: Global Vectors for Word Representation 1
GloVe: Global Vectors for Word Representation 1 J. Pennington, R. Socher, C.D. Manning M. Korniyenko, S. Samson Deep Learning for NLP, 13 Jun 2017 1 https://nlp.stanford.edu/projects/glove/ Outline Background
More informationSpatial Role Labeling CS365 Course Project
Spatial Role Labeling CS365 Course Project Amit Kumar, akkumar@iitk.ac.in Chandra Sekhar, gchandra@iitk.ac.in Supervisor : Dr.Amitabha Mukerjee ABSTRACT In natural language processing one of the important
More information我国一次能源消费的人均碳排放重心 移动及原因分析
24 5 Vol124 No15 2009 5 JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES May, 2009, 3,,, ( /, 210093) :,, 1995 2005, :, 8, :,,,,, : ; ; : F42612 : A : 1000-3037 (2009) 05-0833 - 09 10% [ 1 ],, 2010 2020, [ 2 ],,,, [ 3 5 ]
More informationCELEBRATE HALLOWEEN AND THE DAY OF THE DEAD LESSON PLAN FOR GRADES 3 6
CELEBRATE HALLOWEEN AND THE DAY OF THE DEAD LESSON PLAN FOR GRADES 3 6 Content Overview: In the fiction story, Cristina s family prepares for Halloween and the Day of the Dead with costumes and an altar
More informationGIS GIS.
Vol.7, No. 1, Spring 2015 Iranian Remote Sensing & - * Email: Hamid.hansar@Gmail.com * (Wang, 1990) (Liu et al., 2011) (Liu et al., 2011) (Rajesh et al., 2015) - Melgani et al., 2000 (Liu et al., 2011)
More information