Advanced Accelerator R&D

Transcription

1 Advanced Accelerator R&D Leading the Way? R. Assmann Leading Scientist DESY EuCARD2 Workshop Goethe University Frankfurt,

2 Novel Accelerator R&D Leading the Way? > Accelerator R&D is not leading the way!. > Advantages in must be shown and are the outcome of this research. > We perform accelerator R&D in Helmholtz as an : academic studies are explicitly allowed. > Some directions can fail but. These directions will change the way we design and build some of our accelerators. > We know that some ideas can provide huge returns! Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 2

3 From University Stockholm to the Laboratories > 1924: (*19 February 1883 in Finja, Sweden, 5 February 1960 in Danderyd, Sweden), Prof. at the technical university Stockholm, publishes in 1924 idea how to realize multiple acceleration of an ion with a given high voltage: U tot >> U HV Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 3

4 First Realization: Wideröe s PhD in 1927 at Univ. Aachen 27 pages Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 4

5 Wideröe Idea 1: switch high voltage Total energy gain >> available high voltage First short ion linac! Idea 2: Circular acc. Did not work in Wideröe s thesis due to stability issues Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 5

6 Cyclotron and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory The Nobel Prize in Physics 1939 was awarded to Ernest Lawrence "for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements". 90 Citations Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 6

7 Particle Accelerators 90 Years Success > Today: About 30,000 accelerators in the world > Used for science, medicine and industry Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 7

8 Livingston: Human-Made Accelerators at the Energy Frontier Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 8

9 We are not at the Limit: The Real Energy Frontier > Ultra high-energy cosmic rays mainly protons or heavier atomic nuclei. From 2008 to 2013: 72 cosmic rays with energies above 57 exa-electron volts 1 exa-ev = ev = 1 million TeV > Oh-My-God particle. > How does nature do it? Neutron stars as accelerators? Galactic jets acting as Zevatrons? Extragalactic supermassive black holes? Decay of superheavy dark matter by means of the Penrose process? Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 9

10 Livingston: Human-Made Accelerators at the Energy Frontier Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 10

11 Livingston: Human-Made Accelerators at the Energy Frontier Advent of plasma acc.: 1. Metallic cavity walls replaced with plasma walls overcoming hard physical limits of metallic RF structures. 2. Acceleration lengths (same energy) are factor shorter. Multi-GeV e- beams proven. 3. Still short-comings but no fundamental limit. 4. Technology for a Plan B project in the 2030 s!? Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 11

12 Long-Term Application 1: Compact linear collider Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 12

13 Long-Term Application 2: Laser-driven compact X-ray FEL Kilometer-scale X-ray FEL Linac Coherent Light Source X-ray Holography Microscope Coherent X-ray Beam stop Pin hole Zone plate sample Visualization by T. Tajima, 2010 Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 13

14 High Fields? Lasers! Transverse electrical field LBNL laboratory Note that power P is the peak power! Now we can buy 1 PW lasers! Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 14

15 Reminder: Plasma-Acceleration (Internal Injection) Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 15

16 Reminder: Plasma-Acceleration (Internal Injection) Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 16

17 Reminder: Plasma-Acceleration (Internal Injection) Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 17

18 Famous Accelerator Paper 1979: 3162 Citations > Idea: Use a plasma to convert the transverse electrical field of the laser into a longitudinal electrical field in the plasma! Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 18

19 Famous Unkown Note 1985: Not in citation index > Idea: Beam Loading to Flatten Wakefield > Author: Simon van der Meer CLIC Note No. 3, CERN/PS/85-65 (AA) (1985). > Shape the electron beam to get optimized fields in the plasma, e.g. minimize energy spread. > Study: Tom Katsouleas. Katsouleas, T., et al. Beam Loading in Plasma Accelerators. Particle Accelerators, 1987, Vol. 22, pp (1987) Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 19

20 Famous Accelerator Paper 2002: 769 Citations > Idea: Generate e- beams from the plasma electrons > Authors: A. Pukhov, J. Meyer-ter-Vehn > Rejected by high impact journals. > Nature publications on the subsequent experimental verifications of this theory Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 20

21 Famous Accelerator Paper 2004: 1361 Citations Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 21

22 Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 22

23 5 PW laser and LWFA area High stability LWFA Comb beam high efficiency LWFA for FEL LWFA for science (FEL, ) PW laser, also for LWFA (finally 100 GeV?) FEL R&D for LWFA ICAN for high efficiency Protondriven PWFA Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 23

24 LWFA FEL e- driven PWFA PWFA modulation Ion plasma acc. and transport FEL, industrial applications, PWFA LWFA low density, external inj. atto-s radiation sources plasma wakefield imaging Two 1 PW laser, ion/p plasma acc., radiation therapy R&D LWFA, polarized particles LWFA, medical imaging, training LWFA for radiation sources Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 24

25 The EuPRAXIA Project Proposal Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 25

26 GERMANY Research Field Matter: new programme structure Matter and the Universe Fundamental Particles and Forces Cosmic Matter in the Laboratory Matter and Radiation from the Universe LK II performance category II = user operation of large scale facilities From Matter to Materials and Life In-House Research on the Structure, Dynamics and Function of Matter at Large Scale Faciltities Facility Topic: Research on Matter with Brilliant Light Sources Facility Topic: Neutrons for Research on Condensed Matter Facility Topic: Physics and Materials Science with Ion Beams Facility Topic: Research at Highest Electromagnetic Fields Matter and Technologies Accelerator Research and Development Detector Technologies and Systems Evaluation for the programme oriented funding in the research field Matter was recently completed Reinhard Brinkmann Director Accelerator Division Accelerator R&D EuCARD2 Meeting, DESY19 May 2014 page 26 PAGE 26 Review of the Research Field Matter Helmut Dosch

27 Helmholtz Distributed ARD Test Facility 27 Hamburg, 28/04/2015

28 BESSY VSR FLASH E-XFEL SRF CW Existing Flagship Project(s) SC RF Technology (to CW) BERLinPRO FLUTE SINBAD LIGHT ELBE AMTF PITZ JENA JUSPARC ARD ST3 FLASHForward REGAE LUX SEITE 28

29 FLASH E-XFEL BESSY VSR SRF CW e- plasma Injector KIT Plasma LC Plasma FEL DESY Medical Imaging Uni HH Existing Flagship Project(s) NEW - PROPOSED Flagship Project 1 HAMBURG SC RF Technology (to CW) e- plasma accelerator BERLinPRO FLUTE SINBAD LIGHT ELBE AMTF PITZ JENA JUSPARC ARD ST3 FLASHForward REGAE LUX SEITE 29

30 FLASH E-XFEL BESSY VSR SRF CW e- plasma Injector KIT Plasma LC Plasma FEL DESY Medical Imaging Uni HH Biol./M ed. Time-resolved plasma diagnostics, material R&D Pol. Beams (n) Existing Flagship Project(s) NEW - PROPOSED Flagship Project 1 HAMBURG NEW - PROPOSED Flagship Project 2 DRESDEN SC RF Technology (to CW) e- plasma accelerator p/ion plasma accelerator BERLinPRO FLUTE SINBAD LIGHT ELBE AMTF PITZ JENA JUSPARC ARD ST3 FLASHForward REGAE LUX SEITE 30

31 FLASH E-XFEL BESSY VSR SRF CW e- plasma Injector KIT Plasma LC Time-resolved plasma diagnostics, material R&D Plan to ask Plasma for strategic Biol./M investment funding for Helmholtz FEL ed. distributed DESY ARD test facility. Universities included Medical as external partners with work Imagingpackage Uni HH responsibility. Pol. Beams (n) Existing Flagship Project(s) NEW - PROPOSED Flagship Project 1 HAMBURG NEW - PROPOSED Flagship Project 2 DRESDEN SC RF Technology (to CW) e- plasma accelerator p/ion plasma accelerator BERLinPRO FLUTE SINBAD LIGHT ELBE AMTF PITZ JENA JUSPARC ARD ST3 FLASHForward REGAE LUX SEITE 31

32 Short INnovative Bunches & Accelerators at Desy 50 as, ICS ERC Synergy Grant 14 M, DESY, Uni HH, Arizona ARD top class research in existing infrastructure (discontinued DORIS) < 1 fs with conventional technology ARD, DESY, Uni HH, KIT Footprint: 90 m x 50 m > 1 GeV/m, useable beam quality, FEL? LAOLA, ARD, DESY, Uni HH Third party funding, interest from ELI, Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 32

33 Hamburg Plasma Collaboration Lot s of Students = DESY Hamburg + DESY Zeuthen/Berlin + Uni Hamburg + Friends Wismar, Germany, 2012 Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 33

34 Part of Helmholtz ARD Team Dresden Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 34

35 Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 35

36 Accelerator on a Chip 2013: 28 Citations > Use dielectric structure to couple laser fields to electron beam. > Recent progresses in the US. > Funding support from EU Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 36

37 Synergy from the Start of R&D Onwards, based on new, laser-driven accelerator technology. Research on the photo-system. Laser science (F. Kärtner, DESY/Uni HH) Spectroscopy light sources (H. Chapman, DESY/Uni HH) Biology (P. Fromme, Uni Arizona) Accelerator science (R. Aßmann, DESY) > The only accelerator-related ERC synergy grant. Funding: 14 M over 6 years ( ) > Will be set up at DESY in the context of the multipurpose accelerator research facility SINBAD (part of the Distributed ARD test facility). Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 37

38 AXSIS Atto-Second Light Source (Obsolete Version) Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 38

39 Some Observations I > Novel accelerators are about new ideas, building new machines and doing new science. > Every y. It is often heavily criticized and not believed in. > These ideas. > Often create this academic environment for nurturing new ideas from young scientists. > Big and not interested in an academic environment. There are exceptions: See S. v.d. Meer or the ARD program Accelerator R&D as own research field. > The field requires, independent of project-related pressures and requirements. Must maintain this! Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 39

40 Some Observations II > Advanced accelerator work is often on! > This kind of work to our field. They later want to build what they invent influx to projects! > Novel and innovative studies excellent for the institutes and the scientists! > Novel accelerators are in a promising and at the same time critical phase of their development the next 10 years should be very interesting. Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 40

41 Wideröe 1992 at age 90 After all,. are not subject to any such considerations. The. The with regard to accelerating particles by electromagnetic means (i.e. within the scope of the Maxwell equations which have been known since the 19th century),, and technology surprises us almost daily with innovations which in turn allow us to broach new trains of thought. there are yet be made. They could allow us to advance to. Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 41 to

42 2 nd EAAC 2015 Sep , 2015 Isola d Elba TALKS LUNCH COFFEE DINNER BREAKFAST DISCUSSIONS Wave breaking

43 Thank you for your attention Ralph Aßmann EuCARD2 WS Page 43