ITTC Propeller Benchmark

Transcription

1 ITTC Propeller Benchmark PPTC PPTC, Propeller P VP1304 Report 4488 Potsdam, March April Schiffbau-Versuchsanstalt Potsdam GmbH, Marquardter Chaussee 100, Potsdam Tel , Fax ,

2 PPTC Propeller Page 2 ITTC Propeller Benchmark ITTC Propeller Benchmark PPTC Propeller - VP1304 PPTC, P1727 Client Contractor Schiffbau-Versuchsanstalt Potsdam GmbH Marquardter Chaussee Potsdam Tel Fax Author Dipl.-Ing. R. Grabert Dipl.-Ing. L. Lübke M. Sc. R. Klose Dipl.-Ing U. Barkmann Potsdam, 30/03/ /08/2017 Management Author

3 PPTC Propeller Page 3 Content 1 Introduction Propeller benchmark Paticipants Propeller PPTC - VP PPTC - VP1304, main data PPTC - VP1304, 3D Overview Open water characteristic - thrust model scale Open water characteristic - torque model scale Open water characteristic - efficiency model scale Open water characteristic - thrust Open water characteristic - torque Open water characteristic - efficiency Statistics Tables - model scale Tables Diagrams - Thrust Diagrams - Torque Diagrams - Efficiency Diagrams - Difference CFD and EFD Diagrams - Relative difference CFD and EFD Result EFD Open Water Characteristic EFD - Statistics Result R R01 - Open water characteristic R01 - Differences CFD and EFD R01 - Radial distribution tables R01 - Radial distribution diagrams R01 - Questionaire part I R01 - Questionaire part II Result R R02 - Open water characteristic R02 - Differences CFD and EFD R02 - Radial distribution tables R02 - Radial distribution diagrams R02 - Questionaire part I R02 - Questionaire part II Result R

4 PPTC Propeller Page 4 Content 7.1 R03 - Open water characteristic R03 - Differences CFD and EFD R03 - Radial distribution tables R03 - Radial distribution diagrams R03 - Questionaire part I R03 - Questionaire part II Result R R04 - Open water characteristic R04 - Differences CFD and EFD R04 - Radial distribution tables R04 - Radial distribution diagrams R04 - Questionaire part I Result R R05 - Open water characteristic R05 - Differences CFD and EFD R05 - Radial distribution tables R05 - Radial distribution diagrams R05 - Questionaire part I R05 - Questionaire part II Result R R06 - Open water characteristic R06 - Differences CFD and EFD R06 - Radial distribution tables R06 - Radial distribution diagrams R06 - Questionaire part I R06 - Questionaire part II Result R R07 - Open water characteristic R07 - Differences CFD and EFD R07 - Radial distribution tables R07 - Radial distribution diagrams R07 - Questionaire part I R07 - Questionaire part II Result R R08 - Open water characteristic R08 - Differences CFD and EFD R08 - Radial distribution tables R08 - Radial distribution diagrams R08 - Questionaire part I R08 - Questionaire part II... 70

5 PPTC Propeller Page 5 Content 13 Result R R10 - Open water characteristic R10 - Differences CFD and EFD R10 - Radial distribution tables R10 - Radial distribution diagrams R10 - Questionaire part I R10 - Questionaire part II Result R R11 - Open water characteristic R11 - Differences CFD and EFD R11 - Radial distribution tables R11 - Radial distribution diagrams R11 - Questionaire part I R11 - Questionaire part II Result R R12 - Open water characteristic R12 - Differences CFD and EFD R12 - Radial distribution tables R12 - Radial distribution diagrams R12 - Questionaire part I R12 - Questionaire part II Result R R14 - Open water characteristic R14 - Differences CFD and EFD R14 - Radial distribution tables R14 - Radial distribution diagrams R14 - Questionaire part I R14 - Questionaire part II Result R R15 - Open water characteristic R15 - Differences CFD and EFD R15 - Radial distribution tables R15 - Radial distribution diagrams R15 - Questionaire part I R15 - Questionaire part II Result R R16 - Open water characteristic R16 - Differences CFD and EFD R16 - Radial distribution tables R16 - Radial distribution diagrams R16 - Questionaire part I...105

6 PPTC Propeller Page 6 1 Introduction Propeller benchmark 1 The current ITTC scaling method for propellers is well proven and in use by the majority of the institutions. Nevertheless, problems with applying this method for unconventional propellers like Kappel or CLT propellers occurred and a need to update the procedure has arisen. Therefore the propulsion committee of the 27 th ITTC conference has been asked to initiate a benchmark test for CFD calculations, with the intention to investigate the capabilities of CFD to predict scale effects on the propeller performance. Two different types of propellers had to be investigated, a conventional and an unconventional propeller. For this purpose the controllable pitch propeller VP1304 was used to study the scale effects for a conventional propeller. The VP1304 was already published by the SVA Potsdam in the course of the propeller workshop under the acronym PPTC (Potsdam Propeller Test Case) held at the smp 11 conference in Hamburg. During the period of the 27 th ITTC no free geometry of an unconventional propeller was available. Therefore the propulsion committee of the 28 th ITTC conference has continued this work. SVA Potsdam has provided P1727 as an example for an unconventional propeller. It has been designed by SVA Potsdam for the ongoing research project "TIP RAKE - Further development of the prognosis methods for tip rake propellers", funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy. In the course of the ITTC benchmark, both propellers were investigated in and model scale. Excel sheets were provided for the submission of the computational results. The evaluation of the results is anonymous. Despite the comparison of the CFD results with EFD results is not the main topic of this investigation, EFD results are presented, too. Open water tests have been carried out in SVA Potsdam for both propellers. Furthermore the ITTC scaling method was applied to the open water test results and plotted together with the full scale CFD results. These curves shall show the current state. Within this report the results of the conventional propeller are presented. The results of the unconventional propeller can be found in report Table 1 shows all participants in alphabetic order and which propeller has been calculated by each of them. Within the report each result is numbered in chronologic order of incoming. Table 2 lists the main data of both propellers.

7 PPTC Propeller Page 7 1 Introduction 1.2 Paticipants 2 Institute PPTC TRP VP1304 P1727 China Ship Scientific Research Center X X Dalian University of Technology X X Hamburgische Schiffbau-Versuchsanstalt X X Hyundai Maritime Research Institute X X Indian Institute of Technology Madras X Istanbul Technical University X X Japan Marine United Corporation X X Krylov State Research Centre X X Marine Design & Research Institute of China X Pusan National University X Samsung Ship Model Basin X X Schiffbau-Versuchsanstalt Potsdam X X Shanghai Jiao Tong University X X Shanghai Ship and Shipping Research Institute X Ship Design and Research Centre Gdansk X X SSPA Sweden AB X Total results 14 13

8 PPTC Propeller Page 8 1 Introduction 1.3 Propeller 3 PPTC TRP Propeller VP1304 P1727 Scale ratio l [-] Propeller diameter D [mm] Pitch at r /R = 0.70 P 0.7 [mm] Pitch at r /R = 0.75 P 0.75 [mm] Mean pitch P mean [mm] Chord length at r /R = 0.70 C 0.7 [mm] Chord length at r /R = 0.75 C 0.75 [mm] Thickness at r /R = 0.75 t 0.75 [mm] Pitch ratio Mean pitch ratio P 0.7 /D P mean /D [-] [-] Area ratio A E /A 0 [-] Skew ϴ eff [ ] Rake at r /R = 0.70 ε 0.7 [ ] -9 Rake at r /R = 0.75 ε 0.75 [ ] -8.8 Hub diameter ratio d h /D [-] Number of blades Z [-] 5 4 Direction of rotation right-handed right-handed Operation point model full PPTC Propeller VP1304 scale scale ratio Water density Kinematic viscosity of Rate of revolutions λ r n n [kg/m 3 ] [m²/s] [1/s] E E

9 Ø72.46 Ø72.46 PPTC Propeller Page 9 1 Introduction 1.4 PPTC - VP VP1304 x (t max )/ c x (f max )/ c R R % P/D 52% r/r % 52% 60 45% 52% R % % R1 R R Ø18 H7 HUB No. 1 FULL SCALE 5 DIN A - 6 DIAMETER D 3000 mm HUB DIAMETER d h 910 mm CHORD LENGTH c mm MAX. THICKNESS t 0.7max mm r P c t f ε θ r /R P /D c /D t /c f /c θ ε CHORD LENGTH c 0.75max mm [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [ ] [ ] MAX. THICKNESS mm MODEL SCALE DIAMETER D 250 mm HUB DIAMETER d h mm CHORD LENGTH c mm MAX. THICKNESS t 0.7max mm CHORD LENGTH c mm MAX. THICKNESS mm DIMENSIONLESS HUB RATIO PITCH RATIO EXP. AREA RATIO SVA A E/A R tip R LE R SS R PS R TE Hub d h/d d hle d hte l LE l TE l h SKEW θ EXT Z 5 [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [-] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] BLADE NUMBER H SCALE DIRECTION OF ROTATION t 0.75max t 0.75max d h/d P 0.7/D λ RIGHT-HANDED

10 1 Introduction 1.5 PPTC - VP1304, main data 5 PPTC Propeller Page 10

11 1 Introduction 1.6 PPTC - VP1304, 3D 6 PPTC Propeller Page 11

12 K T [-] PPTC Propeller Page 12 2 Overview Open water characteristic - thrust model scale 1 K T [-] model scale D10:D Avarage over J CFD - EFD [-] * [-] ** EFD % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % 10 R % R % R % R % R % R % R01 R02 R03 R04 R05 R06 R07 R08 R10 R11 R12 R14 R15 R16 EFD * / ** see at formula page

13 10K Q [-] PPTC Propeller Page 13 2 Overview 2.2 Open water characteristic - torque model scale 2 10K Q [-] model scale E10:E Avarage over J CFD - EFD [-] * [-] ** EFD % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % 10 R % R % R % R % R % R % R01 R02 R03 R04 R05 R06 R07 R08 R10 R11 R12 R14 R15 R16 EFD * / ** see at formula page

14 η O [-] PPTC Propeller Page 14 2 Overview 2.3 Open water characteristic - efficiency model scale 3 η O [-] model scale F10:F % Avarage obver J CFD-EFD EFD % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % 10 R % R % R % R % R % R % R01 R02 R03 R04 R05 R06 R07 R08 R10 R11 R12 R14 R15 R16 EFD * / ** see at formula page

15 K T [-] PPTC Propeller Page 15 2 Overview 2.4 Open water characteristic - thrust 4 K T [-] H10:H Avarage over J CFD - EFD [-] * [-] ** ITTC' % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % 10 R % R % R % R % R % R % R01 R02 R03 R04 R05 R06 R07 R08 R10 R11 R12 R14 R15 R16 EFD * / ** see at formula page

16 10K Q [-] PPTC Propeller Page 16 2 Overview 2.5 Open water characteristic - torque 5 10K Q [-] i10:i Avarage over J CFD - EFD [-] * [-] ** ITTC' % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % 10 R % R % R % R % R % R % R01 R02 R03 R04 R05 R06 R07 R08 R10 R11 R12 R14 R15 R16 EFD * / ** see at formula page

17 η O [-] PPTC Propeller Page 17 2 Overview 2.6 Open water characteristic - efficiency 6 η O [-] j10:j Avarage over J CFD - EFD [-] * [-] ** ITTC' % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % R % 10 R % R % R % R % R % R % R01 R02 R03 R04 R05 R06 R07 R08 R10 R11 R12 R14 R15 R16 EFD * / ** see at formula page

18 PPTC Propeller Page 18 3 Statistics Tables - model scale K T [-] model scale 14 $C$12:$C$D$12:$D$E$12:$E$F$12:$F$G$12:$G$49 $I$12:$I$$J$12:$J$ Avarage over J CFD - EFD [-] * [-] ** Minimum % 1 th Quartile % Median % 3 th Quartile % Maximum % K Q [-] model scale $N$12:$N$O$12:$O$P$12:$P$Q$12:$Q$R$12:$R$49 $T$12:$T$U$12:$U$ Avarage over J CFD - EFD [-] * [-] ** Minimum % 1 th Quartile % Median % 3 th Quartile % Maximum % η O [-] model scale $Y$12:$Y$Z$12:$Z$AA$12:$AB$12: $AC$12:$AC$49 $AE$12: $AF$12:$AF$ Avarage over J CFD - EFD [-] * [-] ** Minimum % 1 th Quartile % Median % 3 th Quartile % Maximum % * / ** see at formula page

19 PPTC Propeller Page 19 3 Statistics 3.2 Tables K T [-] $AJ$12:$$AK$12:$AL$12: $AM$12 $AN$12:$AN$49 $AP$12:$$AQ$12:$AQ$ Avarage over J CFD - EFD [-] * [-] ** Minimum % 1 th Quartile % Median % 3 th Quartile % Maximum % K Q [-] $AU$12:$AV$12:$AW$12 $AX$12:$AY$12:$AY$49 $BA$12: $BB$12:$BB$ Avarage over J CFD - EFD [-] * [-] ** Minimum % 1 th Quartile % Median % 3 th Quartile % Maximum % η O [-] $BF$12:$$BG$12: $BH$12: $BI$12:$$BJ$12:$BJ$49 $BL$12:$$BM$12:$BM$ Avarage over J CFD - EFD [-] * [-] ** Minimum % 1 th Quartile % Median % 3 th Quartile % Maximum % * / ** see at formula page

20 K T [-] 3 Statistics 3.3 Diagrams - Thrust 3 PPTC Propeller Page 20 Open water characteristics statistic description CFD model test results model mo ITTC' extrapolation full ful model mo full ful model 1.00 mo full 1.00 ful model 1.20 mo full 1.20 ful model 1.40 mo full 1.40 ful model Avarage CFD-EFD full Avarage CFD-EFD model Avarage CFD-EFD full Avarage CFD-EFD model full model full 1.00 model 1.00 full 1.20 model 1.20 full 1.40 model 1.40 full * / ** see at formula page

21 10K Q [-] PPTC Propeller Page 21 3 Statistics 3.4 Diagrams - Torque Open water characteristics statistic description CFD model mo model 0.6 test results full ful ITTC'78 0.6extrapolation model mo full ful model 1.00 mo full 1.00 ful model 1.20 mo full 1.20 ful model 1.40 mo full 1.40 ful model Avarage CFD-EFD full Avarage CFD-EFD model Avarage CFD-EFD full Avarage CFD-EFD model full model full 1.00 model 1.00 full 1.20 model 1.20 full 1.40 model 1.40 full * / ** see at formula page

22 η O [-] 3 Statistics 3.5 Diagrams - Efficiency 5 PPTC Propeller Page 22 3Open water 2 characteristics statistic 0.25description 1 CFD model mo model test result full ful ITTC' extrapolation model mo full ful model 1.00 mo full 1.00 ful model 1.20 mo full 1.20 ful model 1.40 mo full 1.40 ful model Avarage CFD-EFD full Avarage CFD-EFD model Avarage CFD-EFD full Avarage CFD-EFD model full model full 1.00 model 1.00 full 1.20 model 1.20 full 1.40 model 1.40 full * / ** see at formula page

23 Mean difference over all J of CFD and EFD values [-] 3 Statistics 3.6 Diagrams - Difference CFD and EFD KT model KT full KQ model KQ full Eta model Eta full KT model -4.7% -6.2% -0.4% -8.2% -1.8% KT full -1.9% -2.8% 0.5% -3.9% -0.8% 10KQ model 0.1% -1.0% 3.8% -2.1% 1.2% 10KQ full 1.4% 0.1% 3.5% -1.8% 2.3% Eta model % -7.0% -1.0% -11.6% -4.4% Eta full -3.9% -4.1% -1.3% -5.5% -3.0% PPTC Propeller Page model scale full scale model scale full scale model scale full scale K T 10K Q η O * / ** see at formula page

24 Relative mean difference over all J of CFD and EFD values 3 Statistics 3.7 Diagrams - Relative difference CFD and EFD 7 20% PPTC Propeller Page 24 15% 10% 5% 0% -5% -10% -15% -20% model scale full scale model scale full scale model scale full scale K T 10K Q η O * / ** see at formula page

25 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] PPTC Propeller Page 25 4 Result EFD Open Water Characteristic EFD, model scale EFD,, ITTC'78 J K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] K T Open water characteristics model scale EFD K 10K T Q Open water characteristics EFD, ITTC' K T K T 10K Q η O 10K Q η O η O 10K Q η O

26 K K T, T, 10K Q, Q η, O η O [-] [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] PPTC Propeller Page 26 4 Result EFD 4.2 EFD - Statistics EFD, model scale EFD,, ITTC'78 J σ(k T ) σ(10k Q ) σ(η O ) σ(k T ) σ(10k Q ) σ(η O ) [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Open water characteristics EFD, model scale Open water characteristics EFD,, ITTC' J model scale σ(kt) σ(10kq σ(ηo) model scale σ(kt) σ(10kq σ(ηo) 1.40 [-] EFD, test [-] 15F1023 [-] [-] EFD [-] [-] [-] EFD, test 15F standard deviation (N = ) η O K T 0.30 EFD, model scale EFD, full 10K scale, ITTC'78 Q J σ(kt) σ(10kq σ(ηo) σ(kt) σ(10kq σ(ηo) η [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] O K 10K T Q Open 1.4 water characteristics Open water characteristics model scale EFD, with ITTC'78 method EFD, test 15F EFD, test 15F K T K Q η O K T 10K Q J 0.5 [-] η O

27 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] PPTC Propeller Page 27 5 Result R01 model scale 5.1 R01 - Open water characteristic J [-] CFD, model scale CFD, K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Open water characteristics model scale EFD CFD 1.00 η O 10K Q Open water characteristics 1.40 EFD, ITTC78 CFD 1.20 K T 1.00 η O 10K Q K T

28 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] 5 Result R R01 - Differences CFD and EFD PPTC Propeller Page CFD - EFD, model scale CFD - EFD, K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Differences CFD and EFD modell 41 scale K804 T 10K 083 Q 838 η O Differences CFD and EFD, ITTC'78 K T 10K Q η O

29 5 Result R R01 - Radial distribution tables PPTC Propeller Page 29 model scale K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-] Differences full and model scale K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-]

30 K T [-] 10K Q [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] PPTC Propeller Page 30 5 Result R01 J = 5.4 R01 - Radial distribution diagrams J = J = 1.00 J = 1.20 model scale J = Differences full and model scale

31 PPTC Propeller Page 31 5 Result R R01 - Questionaire part I model scale Solver STAR-CCM+ STAR-CCM+ Computational Domain A1 Domain topology Multiple domains Multiple domains A2 Grid-coupling technique Sliding Sliding Propeller Representation B1 Number of considered blades Complete propeller Complete propeller Computational Grid C1 Type Unstructured Unstructured C2 Local-grid refinement Possible - used here Possible - used here C3 Primary volume elements Polyhedral Polyhedral C4 Primary surface elements Other Other C5 Wall-boundary layer type Prism Layer Prism Layer C7 Number of cells at boundary layer C8 Y + -value at r/r=0.4, 0.7, ,0.88, ,1.24,1.53 C9 Averaged Y + -value C10 Number of cells on blade surface Norm. Dim. the Physical Domain D1 X_upstream/D, X_downstream/D 20,40 20,40 D2 Cross area of domain in prop. plain Numerical Approximation E1 Finite Approximation Scheme (Fluid)FV-NS FV-NS E2 Coordinates Cartesian Cartesian E3 Convection scheme (momentum eq.) 2nd-order centered 2nd-order centered E4 Transient approximation implicit implicit E5 Spatial order of acc. (neglecting BC) 2nd-order 2nd-order E6 Temporal order of accuracy 1st-order 1st-order E7 Time step 0185 sec 0642 sec E8 Equivalent rot. Angle for a time step 1 deg 1deg Turbulence treatment F1 Model name k-omega k-omega F2 Convection scheme (Turb. Eqn.) 2nd-order centered 2nd-order centered Boundary conditions G1 Blade resolved resolved G2 Hub resolved resolved G3 Inlet Fixed Velocity Fixed Velocity G4 Outlet Fixed Pressure Fixed Pressure G5 Outer domain Slip flow Slip flow

32 PPTC Propeller Page 32 5 Result R R01 - Questionaire part II model scale Computational Model H1 Fluid incompressible incompressible H2 Pressure pressure correction pressure correction I Transition Please comment Gamma ReTheta method no Computational Demands J1 Number of processors used J2 Number of timesteps (steady) 0 0 J3 Number of timesteps (transient) J4 Wall-clock time per revolution 5460 sec 5813 sec K Code References STAR-CCM+ V10.04 / Primary surface elements: Polyhedral STAR-CCM+ V10.04 / Primary surface elements: Polyhedral L Comments Add. info. 0 / 0 0 / 0

33 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] PPTC Propeller Page 33 6 Result R02 model scale 6.1 R02 - Open water characteristic J [-] CFD, model scale CFD, K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Open water characteristics model scale EFD CFD 1.00 η O 10K Q Open water characteristics 1.40 EFD, ITTC78 CFD 1.20 K T 1.00 η O 10K Q K T

34 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] 6 Result R R02 - Differences CFD and EFD PPTC Propeller Page CFD - EFD, model scale CFD - EFD, K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Differences CFD and EFD modell 026 scale K342 T 10K Q η O Differences CFD and EFD, ITTC'78 K T 10K Q η O

35 6 Result R R02 - Radial distribution tables PPTC Propeller Page 35 model scale K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-] Differences full and model scale K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-]

36 K T [-] 10K Q [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] PPTC Propeller Page 36 6 Result R02 J = 6.4 R02 - Radial distribution diagrams J = J = 1.00 J = 1.20 model scale J = Differences full and model scale

37 PPTC Propeller Page 37 6 Result R R02 - Questionaire part I model scale Solver Computational Domain A1 Domain topology 1 rotating domain 1 rotating domain A2 Grid-coupling technique None None Propeller Representation B1 Number of considered blades 1 blade, matching 1 blade, matching Computational Grid C1 Type Unstructured Unstructured C2 Local-grid refinement Possible - used here Possible - used here C3 Primary volume elements Tetraheder Tetraheder C4 Primary surface elements Mixed Triangles C5 Wall-boundary layer type Prism Layer Prism Layer C7 Number of cells at boundary layer 0 0 C8 Y + -value at r/r=0.4, 0.7, C9 Averaged Y + -value 0 0 C10 Number of cells on blade surface 0 0 Norm. Dim. the Physical Domain D1 X_upstream/D, X_downstream/D 0 0 D2 Cross area of domain in prop. plain 0 0 Numerical Approximation E1 Finite Approximation Scheme (Fluid)FV-NS FV-NS E2 Coordinates Cartesian Cartesian E3 Convection scheme (momentum eq.) high-order upwind high-order upwind E4 Transient approximation implicit implicit E5 Spatial order of acc. (neglecting BC) 0 0 E6 Temporal order of accuracy 0 0 E7 Time step 0 0 E8 Equivalent rot. Angle for a time step 0 0 Turbulence treatment F1 Model name k-omega k-omega F2 Convection scheme (Turb. Eqn.) high-order upwind high-order upwind Boundary conditions G1 Blade resolved resolved G2 Hub - - G3 Inlet Fixed Velocity Fixed Velocity G4 Outlet Fixed Pressure Fixed Pressure G5 Outer domain Slip flow Slip flow

38 PPTC Propeller Page 38 6 Result R R02 - Questionaire part II model scale Computational Model H1 Fluid incompressible incompressible H2 Pressure Coupled Coupled I Transition Please comment 0 / 0 0 / 0 Computational Demands J1 Number of processors used 0 0 J2 Number of timesteps (steady) 0 0 J3 Number of timesteps (transient) 0 0 J4 Wall-clock time per revolution 0 0 K Code References 0 / 0 0 / 0 L Comments Add. info. 0 / 0 0 / 0

39 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] PPTC Propeller Page 39 7 Result R03 model scale 7.1 R03 - Open water characteristic J [-] CFD, model scale CFD, K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Open water characteristics model scale EFD CFD 1.00 η O 10K Q Open water characteristics 1.40 EFD, ITTC78 CFD 1.20 K T 1.00 η O 10K Q K T

40 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] 7 Result R R03 - Differences CFD and EFD PPTC Propeller Page CFD - EFD, model scale CFD - EFD, K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Differences CFD and EFD modell 948 scale K294 T 10K Q η O Differences CFD and EFD, ITTC'78 K T 10K Q η O

41 7 Result R R03 - Radial distribution tables PPTC Propeller Page 41 model scale K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-] Differences full and model scale K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-]

42 K T [-] 10K Q [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] PPTC Propeller Page 42 7 Result R03 J = 7.4 R03 - Radial distribution diagrams J = J = 1.00 J = 1.20 model scale J = Differences full and model scale

43 PPTC Propeller Page 43 7 Result R R03 - Questionaire part I model scale Solver STAR-CCM+ STAR-CCM+ Computational Domain A1 Domain topology 1 rotating domain 1 rotating domain A2 Grid-coupling technique None None Propeller Representation B1 Number of considered blades Complete propeller Complete propeller Computational Grid C1 Type Unstructured Unstructured C2 Local-grid refinement Possible - used here Possible - used here C3 Primary volume elements Hexahedral Hexahedral C4 Primary surface elements Triangles Triangles C5 Wall-boundary layer type Prism Layer Prism Layer C7 Number of cells at boundary layer 0 0 C8 Y + -value at r/r=0.4, 0.7, 0.9 0,35 0,45 0, C9 Averaged Y + -value C10 Number of cells on blade surface 0 0 Norm. Dim. the Physical Domain D1 X_upstream/D, X_downstream/D 3, 8 3, 8 D2 Cross area of domain in prop. plain Numerical Approximation E1 Finite Approximation Scheme (Fluid)FV-NS FV-NS E2 Coordinates Cartesian Cartesian E3 Convection scheme (momentum eq.) 2nd-order centered 2nd-order centered E4 Transient approximation implicit implicit E5 Spatial order of acc. (neglecting BC) 0 0 E6 Temporal order of accuracy 0 0 E7 Time step 0 0 E8 Equivalent rot. Angle for a time step 0 0 Turbulence treatment F1 Model name k-omega k-omega F2 Convection scheme (Turb. Eqn.) 2nd-order centered 2nd-order centered Boundary conditions G1 Blade resolved wall function G2 Hub wall function wall function G3 Inlet Fixed Velocity Fixed Velocity G4 Outlet Fixed Pressure Fixed Pressure G5 Outer domain resolved resolved

44 PPTC Propeller Page 44 7 Result R R03 - Questionaire part II model scale Computational Model H1 Fluid incompressible incompressible H2 Pressure pressure correction pressure correction I Transition Please comment gamma re theta model no Computational Demands J1 Number of processors used 0 0 J2 Number of timesteps (steady) 0 0 J3 Number of timesteps (transient) 0 0 J4 Wall-clock time per revolution 0 0 K Code References Star-CCM+ / 0 Star-CCM+ / 0 L Comments Add. info. 0 / 0 0 / 0

45 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] PPTC Propeller Page 45 8 Result R04 model scale 8.1 R04 - Open water characteristic J [-] CFD, model scale CFD, K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Open water characteristics model scale EFD CFD 1.00 η O 10K Q Open water characteristics 1.40 EFD, ITTC78 CFD 1.20 K T 1.00 η O 10K Q K T

46 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] 8 Result R R04 - Differences CFD and EFD PPTC Propeller Page CFD - EFD, model scale CFD - EFD, K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Differences CFD and EFD modell 211 scale K169 T 10K Q 574 η O Differences CFD and EFD, ITTC'78 K T 10K Q η O

47 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] PPTC Propeller Page 47 9 Result R05 model scale 9.1 R05 - Open water characteristic J [-] CFD, model scale CFD, K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Open water characteristics model scale EFD CFD 1.00 η O 10K Q Open water characteristics 1.40 EFD, ITTC78 CFD 1.20 K T 1.00 η O 10K Q K T

48 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] 9 Result R R05 - Differences CFD and EFD PPTC Propeller Page CFD - EFD, model scale CFD - EFD, K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Differences CFD and EFD modell scale K448 T 10K Q η O Differences CFD and EFD, ITTC'78 K T 10K Q η O

49 9 Result R R05 - Radial distribution tables PPTC Propeller Page 49 model scale K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-] Differences full and model scale K T [-] 10K Q [-] r /R [-]

50 K T [-] 10K Q [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] K T [-] 10K Q [-] PPTC Propeller Page 50 9 Result R05 J = 9.4 R05 - Radial distribution diagrams J = J = 1.00 J = 1.20 model scale J = Differences full and model scale

51 PPTC Propeller Page 51 9 Result R R05 - Questionaire part I model scale Solver Computational Domain A1 Domain topology Multiple domains Multiple domains A2 Grid-coupling technique Multiple ref. frames Multiple ref. frames Propeller Representation B1 Number of considered blades Complete propeller Complete propeller Computational Grid C1 Type Unstructured Unstructured C2 Local-grid refinement Possible - used here Possible - used here C3 Primary volume elements Tetraheder Tetraheder C4 Primary surface elements Triangles Triangles C5 Wall-boundary layer type - - C7 Number of cells at boundary layer none none C8 Y + -value at r/r=0.4, 0.7, , 45, , 1500, 1800 C9 Averaged Y + -value C10 Number of cells on blade surface Norm. Dim. the Physical Domain D1 X_upstream/D, X_downstream/D 30D, 60D 30D, 60D D2 Cross area of domain in prop. plain Numerical Approximation E1 Finite Approximation Scheme (Fluid)FV-NS FV-NS E2 Coordinates Cartesian Cartesian E3 Convection scheme (momentum eq.) high-order upwind high-order upwind E4 Transient approximation implicit implicit E5 Spatial order of acc. (neglecting BC) double double E6 Temporal order of accuracy 0 0 E7 Time step 0 0 E8 Equivalent rot. Angle for a time step 0 0 Turbulence treatment F1 Model name k-epsilon k-epsilon F2 Convection scheme (Turb. Eqn.) high-order upwind high-order upwind Boundary conditions G1 Blade wall function wall function G2 Hub wall function wall function G3 Inlet Fixed Velocity Fixed Velocity G4 Outlet Fixed Pressure Fixed Pressure G5 Outer domain Slip flow Slip flow

52 PPTC Propeller Page 52 9 Result R R05 - Questionaire part II model scale Computational Model H1 Fluid incompressible incompressible H2 Pressure Coupled Coupled I Transition Please comment 0 / 0 0 / 0 Computational Demands J1 Number of processors used J2 Number of timesteps (steady) J3 Number of timesteps (transient) 0 0 J4 Wall-clock time per revolution K Code References 0 / 0 0 / 0 L Comments Add. info. 0 / 0 0 / 0

53 K T, 10K Q, η O [-] K T, 10K Q, η O [-] PPTC Propeller Page Result R06 model scale 10.1 R06 - Open water characteristic J [-] CFD, model scale CFD, K T 10K Q η O K T 10K Q η O [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] Open water characteristics model scale EFD CFD 1.00 η O 10K Q Open water characteristics 1.40 EFD, ITTC78 CFD 1.20 K T 1.00 η O 10K Q K T