Neutrino Geoscience a brief history
|
|
- Ophelia Ellis
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Neutrino Geoscience a brief history 1930 Pauli invokes the neutrino 1956 Reines & Cowan detect νe 1984 Krauss et al develop the map 2003 KamLAND shows νe oscillate 2005 KamLAND detects first geonus 2010 Borexino 4.2σ on Earth signal 2011 νe signal require primordial heat 2013 Combine detector events to reveal the mantle signal 2020 Neutrino Tomography! (?) Physics and Geology Collabora5ons bring the best results
2 Detec5ng Geoneutrinos from the Earth 2010
3 Nature & amount of Earth s thermal power radiogenic heating vs secular cooling - abundance of heat producing elements (K, Th, U) in the Earth - clues to planet formation processes estimates of BSE from 9TW to 36TW constrains chondritic Earth models - amount of radiogenic power to drive mantle convection & plate tectonics estimates of mantle 1.3TW to 28TW - is the mantle compositionally layered? or has large structures? layers, LLSVP, superplume piles the future is Geoneutrino studies
4 U content of BSE models Nucelosynthesis: U/Si and Th/Si production probability Solar photosphere: matches C1 carbonaceous chondrites Estimate from Chondrites: ~11ppb planet (16 ppb in BSE) Heat flow: secular cooling vs radiogenic contribution? Modeling composition: which chondrite should we use? A brief (albeit biased) history of U estimates in BSE: Urey (56) 16 ppb Turcotte & Schubert (82; 03) 31 ppb Wasserburg et al (63) 33 ppb Hart & Zindler (86) 20.8 ppb Ganapathy & Anders (74) 18 ppb McDonough & Sun (95) 20 ppb ± 20% Ringwood (75) 20 ppb Allegre et al (95) 21 ppb Jagoutz et al (79) 26 ppb Palme & O Neill (03) 22 ppb ± 15% Schubert et al (80) 31 ppb Lyubetskaya & Korenaga (05) 17 ppb ± 17% Davies (80) ppb O Neill & Palme (08) 10 ppb Wanke (81) 21 ppb Javoy et al (10) 12 ppb
5 Earth Models Update: just the last year! Murakami et al (May , Nature): the lower mantle is enriched in silicon consistent with the [CI] chondritic Earth model. Campbell and O Neill (March , Nature): Evidence against a chondritic Earth Zhang et al (March , Nature Geoscience): The Ti isotopic composition of the Earth and Moon overlaps that of enstatite chondrites. Fitoussi and Bourdon (March , Science): Si isotopes support the conclusion that Earth was not built solely from enstatite chondrites. Warren (Nov , EPSL): Among known chondrite groups, EH yields a relatively close fit to the stable-isotopic composition of Earth. - Compositional models differ widely, implying a factor of three difference in the U & Th content of the Earth
6 Enstatite chondrite vs Carbonaceous chondrites Earth diagrams from Warren (2011, EPSL) Carbonaceous chondrites Carbonaceous chondrites
7 142 Nd: what does it tell us about the Earth and chondrites? Please stop saying that the ε 142 Nd = 18 ± 5 ppm for chondrites J Data from: Gannoun et al (2011, PNAS); Carlson et al (Science, 2007) Andreasen & Sharma (Science, 2006); Boyet and Carlson (2005, Science); Jacobsen & Wasserburg (EPSL, 1984); Qin et al (GCA, 2011)
8 Earth s surface heat flow 46 ± 3 (47 ± 1) TW total R* 20 ± 4 Crust R* (7 ± 1 TW) (Huang et al 13) Mantle R* (13 ± 4 TW) Mantle cooling (18 TW) Core (~9 TW) - (4-15 TW) *R radiogenic heat (after McDonough & Sun 95) (0.4 TW) Tidal dissipation Chemical differentiation after Jaupart et al 2008 Treatise of Geophysics
9 Summary of geoneutrino results MODELS Cosmochemical: uses meteorites O Neill & Palme ( 08); Javoy et al ( 10); Warren ( 11) Geochemical: uses terrestrial rocks McD & Sun 95; Allegre et al 95; Palme O Neil 03 Geodynamical: parameterized convec5on Schubert et al; TurcoIe et al; Anderson
10 Constructing a 3-D reference model Earth assigning chemical and physical states to Earth voxels
11 3D imaging of the Earth s K-Th-U distribution Surface geoneutrino flux Yu Huang et al (2013) arxiv:
12 Early Earth differen5a5on followed by 4 billion years of plate tectonics Kellog et al (sciences 2000)
13 What s hidden in the mantle? Seismically slow red regions in the deep mantle Can we image it with geonus? No, not that CMB, Core Mantle Boundary Retsima et al (Science, 1990)
14 Forming the Moon from terrestrial silicate- rich material (2013) R.J. de Meijer, V.F. Anisichkin, W. van Westrenen (Chemical Geology). Forming the Moon from a geo- reactor at the core- mantle boundary 4.5 Ga The latest form of fission hypothesis for the origin of the Moon
15 Mantle geonuetrino flux Mantle = BSE - Crust 14+8 TNU Bellini et al TW 3-8 TW Depleted MORB Mantle TNU "UNIF" mantle "EL" with A&McD DM "EL" with S&S DM "EL" with W&H DM 6-10 TW EL : hot basal layer 5 0 N/A Cosmochemical Geochemical Geodynamical Low Q (10 ppb U) Med. Q (20 ppb U) High Q (30 ppb U)
16 Predicted geoneutrino flux Flux at the surface dominated by Continental crust Yu Huang et al (2013) arxiv: Flux at the Moho dominated by deep mantle structures Šrámek et al (2013) /j.epsl ; arxiv:
17 Present and future LS-detectors SNO+, Canada (1kt) Borexino, Italy (0.6kt) KamLAND, Japan (1kt) Europe LENA, EU (50kt) Hanohano, US ocean-based (10kt)
18 Future Experiments: world- wide deployable Pauli class research submarine Living and research quarters 10 ktons Hanohano- like Next Gen or WIMP detector ν Liquid scin5lla5on Liquid Ar, Xe Segmented research vessel with two detectors Coincidence coun5ng detectors
19 The RV ν-star International Collaboration Geosciences - Neutrino tomography Physics - Fundamental matter studies Applied - Reactor studies ν L io t a l l i int AN OVERVIEW Liqu i e X, r da n sc d i iqu LOCATIONS - anywhere in the ocean - depth of 1k - 4k m.w.e. to reduce m-&cosmogenic bkgd - ν-beam studies GOALS mass hierachy CP violation reactor neutrinos mantle geoneutrinos artificial neutrino sources supernova neutrinos + geology, biology, monitoring
20 SUMMARY (~before today ) Earth s radiogenic (Th & U) power 22 ± 12 TW or 11.2 Predic5on: models range from 8 to 28 TW (for Th & U) TW On- line and next genera5on experiments: - SNO+ online 2013/14 J - Daya Bay II: good experiment, limited geonu applica5on? - LENA??: will the Europeans push on, put LENA in the ocean! - Hanohano or RV ν- Star: this is FUNDAMENTAL for geosciences Geology must par`cipate and it must contribute to the cost - - experiment cost ~$300M; Geology s contribu5on $150M; Interna5onal - - Future: - Neutrino Tomography of the Earth s deep interior J
Models of the Earth: thermal evolution and Geoneutrino studies
Models of the Earth: thermal evolution and Geoneutrino studies Bill McDonough, Yu Huang and Ondřej Šrámek Geology, U Maryland Steve Dye, Natural Science, Hawaii Pacific U and Physics, U Hawaii Shijie Zhong,
More informationEarth models and primordial heat... and geonu emission from deep mantle piles
Earth models and primordial heat... and geonu emission from deep mantle piles Ondřej Šrámek University of Maryland Collaborators: Bill McDonough & Vedran Lekić (Univ. Maryland) Edwin Kite (Caltech) Steve
More informationGlobal models of Earth s composition and geoneutrino flux around Jinping
Global models of Earth s composition and geoneutrino flux around Jinping Ondřej Šrámek Charles University in Prague Department of Geophysics ondrej.sramek@gmail.com www.ondrejsramek.net Collaboration with
More informationUSING NEUTRINOS TO STUDY THE EARTH. Nikolai Tolich University of Washington
USING NEUTRINOS TO STUDY THE EARTH Nikolai Tolich University of Washington Outline Introduction Recent results The future Structure of the Earth Seismic data splits Earth into 5 basic regions: inner core,
More informationarxiv: v2 [physics.geo-ph] 18 Oct 2012
Geophysical and geochemical constraints on geoneutrino fluxes from Earth s mantle arxiv:1207.0853v2 [physics.geo-ph] 18 Oct 2012 Ondřej Šrámeka,, William F. McDonough a, Edwin S. Kite b, Vedran Lekić a,
More informationComposition of bulk silicate Earth and global geodynamics
Composition of bulk silicate Earth and global geodynamics Jun Korenaga Department of Geology and Geophysics Yale University March 23, 2007 @ Hawaii Geoneutrino Workshop Overview Motivation: Thermal evolution
More informationInternational Workshop : Neutrino Research and Thermal Evolution of the Earth. KamLAND. Hiroko Watanabe
International Workshop : Neutrino Research and Thermal Evolution of the Earth KamLAND Hiroko Watanabe Research Center for Neutrino Science (Tohoku Univ.) for the KamLAND Collaboration Tohoku University,
More informationThe dawn of neutrino geophysics. G.Gratta Physics Department Stanford University
The dawn of neutrino geophysics G.Gratta Physics Department Stanford University Structure 35km of the Earth 6km 6400km 2900km 2255km 1245km From seismic data 5 basic regions: - inner core, - outer core,
More informationEarth and Planetary Science Letters
Earth and Planetary Science Letters 361 (13) 356 366 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Earth and Planetary Science Letters journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/epsl Geophysical and
More informationCosmic Building Blocks: From What is Earth Made?
Cosmic Building Blocks: From What is Earth Made? The Sun constitutes 99.87% of the mass of the Solar system. Earth is big and important, so its composition should be similar to that of the average Solar
More informationNeutrino Studies with the KamLAND detector. Yuri Efremenko University of Tennessee
Neutrino Studies with the KamLAND detector Yuri Efremenko University of Tennessee Seminar Lab-344 MEPI, Moscow April 20, 2012 Outline I. Intro (Neutrino Properties) II. III. KamLAND Detector Results Neutrino
More informationRevealing the Earth s mantle from the tallest mountains using the Jinping Neutrino Experiment
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN ecei e : 01 u 016 accepte : 18 u ust 016 Pu is e : 0 eptem er 016 Revealing the Earth s mantle from the tallest mountains using the Jinping Neutrino Experiment Ondřej
More informationResults on geoneutrinos at Borexino experiment. Heavy Quarks and Leptons Yamagata Davide Basilico
Results on geoneutrinos at Borexino experiment Heavy Quarks and Leptons 2018 - Yamagata Davide Basilico Outline 1. Geoneutrinos 2. Borexino 3. Analysis and results 2 What are geoneutrinos? Distribution
More informationNature and origin of what s in the deep mantle
Nature and origin of what s in the deep mantle S. Labrosse 1, B. Bourdon 1, R. Nomura 2, K. Hirose 2 1 École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Universtité Claude Bernard Lyon-1 2 Earth-Life Science Institute,
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi:10.1038/nature10326 Supplementary Discussion All known modern terrestrial mantle reservoirs evolved from a primitive precursor with superchondritic 143 Nd/ 144 Nd. What is this reservoir? The terms
More informationGeo-neutrinos. arxiv: v1 [physics.geo-ph] 14 Oct June 29, 2014
Geo-neutrinos G. Bellini, 1 A. Ianni, 2 L. Ludhova, 1 F. Mantovani, 3 W.F. McDonough 4 arxiv:1310.3732v1 [physics.geo-ph] 14 Oct 2013 1 Dip. di Fis. dell Università degli Studi and INFN, Milano, Italy
More informationPerspectives for geoneutrinos after KamLAND results
Neutrino Geophysics Honolulu December 14-16, 2005 Fabio Mantovani Sienna University - Italy Perspectives for geoneutrinos after KamLAND results Predictions of of the Reference Model and its uncertainties
More informationPoS(HQL 2012)053. The study of geo-neutrinos. Sandra Zavatarelli 1
The study of geo-neutrinos Sandra Zavatarelli 1 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova E-mail: sandra.zavatarelli@ge.infn.it In the last years, thanks to the measurements of the
More informationIsotopic record of the atmosphere and hydrosphere
Isotopic record of the atmosphere and hydrosphere W. F. McDonough 1 1 Department of Earth Sciences and Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan (Dated: March 7, 2018)
More informationA reference Earth model for the heat-producing elements and associated geoneutrino flux
Article Volume 14, Number XX XX Month 2013 doi:10.1002/ggge.20129 ISSN: 1525-2027 A reference Earth model for the heat-producing elements and associated geoneutrino flux Yu Huang Department of Geology,
More informationStudying the Earth with Geoneutrinos
Studying the Earth with Geoneutrinos L. Ludhova, 1 S. Zavatarelli 2 1 Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN, 20133 Milano, Italy 2 Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN, 16146 Genova, Italy arxiv:1310.3961v2 [hep-ex] 29
More informationEarth s Power Budget: Significance of Radiogenic Heating
Earth s Power Budget: Significance of Radiogenic Heating Global heat flux Total = 47 +/- 3 TW Continents = 13.8 TW nominal thermal history with Oceans constant = 30.9 TW viscosity (violates T-dep viscosity)
More informationGeo-neutrinos Status and Prospects
Geo-neutrinos Status and Prospects SNOLAB Grand Opening Workshop May 2012 e+ νe W u pu Steve Dye Hawaii Pacific University d d u d n Outline Radiogenic heat/thermal evolution Radiogenic heat/geo-neutrinos
More informationEarly Mantle Dynamics seen by the Isotope Signature of Archean Samples
Early Mantle Dynamics seen by the Isotope Signature of Archean Samples Maud Boyet Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand In collaboration with Rick Carlson, Mary Horan,
More informationRadioactivity. Lecture 11 The radioactive Earth
Radioactivity Lecture 11 The radioactive Earth The Violent Beginning Most of the planet s radioactivity was generated in neutron driven nucleosynthesis processes in previous star generations and implemented
More informationComposition and the Early History of the Earth
Composition and the Early History of the Earth Sujoy Mukhopadhyay CIDER 2006 What we will cover in this lecture Composition of Earth Short lived nuclides and differentiation of the Earth Atmosphere and
More informationEarth Structure and Evolution
Earth Structure and Evolution Bulk earth composition, radioactive heating, partitioning/fractionation, natural reactors 12.744 October 2, 2012 2 A word about dealing with real data for isotope isotope
More informationLocal refined Earth model for JUNO geo-neutrino analysis
Local refined Earth model for JUNO geo-neutrino analysis Virginia Strati University of Ferrara & INFN arxiv:1412.3324 In collaboration with: Marica Baldoncini, Ivan Callegari,Yu Huang, Fabio Mantovani,
More informationRadioactivity. Lecture 11 The radioactive Earth
Radioactivity Lecture 11 The radioactive Earth The Violent Beginning Most of the planet s radioactivity was generated in neutron driven nucleosynthesis processes in previous star generations and implemented
More informationMajor and trace element composition of the high
Article Volume 14, Number 8 22 August 2013 doi: ISSN: 1525-2027 Major and trace element composition of the high 3 He/ 4 He mantle: Implications for the composition of a nonchonditic Earth Matthew G. Jackson
More informationABSTRACT. Dissertation directed By: Professors William F. McDonough & Roberta L. Rudnick, Department of Geology
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: GLOBAL AND REGIONAL REFERENCE MODELS FOR PREDICTING THE GEONEUTRINO FLUX AT SNO+, SUDBURY, CANADA Yu Huang, Doctor of Philosophy, 2013 Dissertation directed By: Professors
More informationRecent Discoveries in Neutrino Physics
Recent Discoveries in Neutrino Physics Experiments with Reactor Antineutrinos Karsten Heeger http://neutrino.physics.wisc.edu/ Karsten Heeger, Univ. of Wisconsin NUSS, July 13, 2009 Standard Model and
More informationApplied Anti-neutrino Workshop Introduction
Applied Anti-neutrino Workshop Introduction Time to make nus work for us John Learned and Steve Dye University of Hawaii With much help from friends With particular thanks to Gene Guillian, Hitoshi Murayama,
More informationPOTASSIUM GEONEUTRINOS AND THEIR DETECTION
Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science, Vol. 9 (211) 13 POTASSIUM GEONEUTRINOS AND THEIR DETECTION Barbara Szczerbinska 1 *, Alyssa Day 2, and Dongming Mei 2 1 Dakota State University Madison,
More informationChapter 9. ASTRONOMY 202 Spring 2007: Solar System Exploration. Class 26: Planetary Geology [3/23/07] Announcements.
ASTRONOMY 202 Spring 2007: Solar System Exploration Instructor: Dr. David Alexander Web-site: www.ruf.rice.edu/~dalex/astr202_s07 Class 26: Planetary Geology [3/23/07] Announcements Planetary Geology Planetary
More informationarxiv: v1 [astro-ph.ep] 29 Aug 2017
The Elemental Abundances (with Uncertainties) of the Most Earth-like Planet Haiyang S. Wang a,b,, Charles H. Lineweaver a,b,c, Trevor R. Ireland b,c a Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The
More informationGeoneutrino and Hydridic Earth model. Version 2
Geoneutrino and Hydridic Earth model. Version 2 arxiv:1308.4163v2 [astro-ph.ep] 12 Feb 2014 L.Bezrukov a May 11, 2014 a Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian academy of sciences, Moscow Abstract U,Th
More informationFormation of the Earth and Solar System
Formation of the Earth and Solar System a. Supernova and formation of primordial dust cloud. NEBULAR HYPOTHESIS b. Condensation of primordial dust. Forms disk-shaped nubular cloud rotating counterclockwise.
More informationRemote Sensing of the Earth s Interior
Remote Sensing of the Earth s Interior Earth s interior is largely inaccessible Origin and Layering of the Earth: Geochemical Perspectives Composition of Earth cannot be understood in isolation Sun and
More informationPossible reservoirs of radioactivity in the deep mantle. Ed Garnero School of Earth and Space Exploration Arizona State University
Possible reservoirs of radioactivity in the deep mantle Ed Garnero School of Earth and Space Exploration Arizona State University Outline Brief overview: motivation for investigating interiors; how seismology
More informationAstroparticle physics
Timo Enqvist University of Oulu Oulu Southern institute lecture cource on Astroparticle physics 15.09.2009 15.12.2009 B. Lecture Contents Astroparticle physics: topics and tentative schedule high-energy
More informationSolar Neutrinos: Status and Prospects. Marianne Göger-Neff
Solar Neutrinos: Status and Prospects Marianne Göger-Neff NIC 2014, Debrecen TU München Solar Neutrinos Objective of the first solar neutrino experiment: to see into the interior of a star and thus verify
More informationNeutrino Physics with SNO+ Freija Descamps for the SNO+ collaboration
Neutrino Physics with SNO+ Freija Descamps for the SNO+ collaboration NOW 2014, Otranto, Lecce, Italy September 7-14, 2014 Intro Neutrino physics with the SNO+ detector 2 Intro What we know:! Neutrinos
More informationRecent results from Borexino. Sandra Zavatarelli, INFN Genoa (Italy) on behalf of the Borexino Collaboration
Recent results from Borexino Sandra Zavatarelli, INFN Genoa (Italy) on behalf of the Borexino Collaboration Borexino physics! Data-taking since May 2007 : many relevant results on solar/geo ν physics and
More informationUREY RATIO AND THE STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF EARTH S MANTLE
Click Here for Full Article UREY RATIO AND THE STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF EARTH S MANTLE Jun Korenaga 1 Received 15 August 2007; accepted 8 January 2008; published 12 June 2008. [1] The Urey ratio describes
More informationInsights into the Evolution of the Solar System from Isotopic Investigations of Samples. Lars Borg
Insights into the Evolution of the Solar System from Isotopic Investigations of Samples Lars Borg Harold Masursky Harold Masursky was a stalwart of the U.S. planetary exploration program for nearly three
More informationComposition of the Earth and its reservoirs: Geochemical observables
Composition of the Earth and its reservoirs: Geochemical observables Cin-Ty A. Lee Rice University MYRES-I 2004 The Earth is dynamic and heterogeneous Atmosphere Midocean Ridge Plume Ocean Crust Oceanic
More informationNeutrino Applications
Neutrino Applications or What kind of dreams do physicists have? - July 2019 I.Abt, MPI München Neutrino Applications The Usual Misundstanding Neutrino Astrophysics Geoneutrinos What Could We Learn About
More information1. Introduction on Astroparticle Physics Research options
Research options Large variety of topics in astro physics and particle physics Cosmic rays (sources, production and acceleration mechanisms) Stability of matter or proton decay (GUTs) Solar neutrinos (the
More information1 The Earth as a Planet
General Astronomy (29:61) Fall 2012 Lecture 27 Notes, November 5, 2012 1 The Earth as a Planet As we start studying the planets, we begin with Earth. To begin with, it gives us a different perspective
More informationPhysics of the Earth
Physics of the Earth Fourth edition Frank D Stacey CSIRO Exploration and Mining, Brisbane, Australia Paul M Davis Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA CAMBRIDGE
More informationPetrology. Petrology: the study of rocks, especially aspects such as physical, chemical, spatial and chronoligic. Associated fields include:
Petrology Petrology: the study of rocks, especially aspects such as physical, chemical, spatial and chronoligic. Associated fields include: Petrography: study of description and classification of rocks
More information3) Relevance of existing large antineutrino detectors for probing the HPE in Earth s deep interior: Characteristics, research and contributions of
1) Relevance to antineutrino analysis of global concentration determination of radiogenic heat producing elements (HPE) by terrestrial heat flow studies and Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE) models, and unconventional
More informationLower Mantle Structure & Geo-neutrinos
Lower Mantle Structure & Geo-neutrinos Geo-neutrino working group meeting, KITP July 1 st, 2014 Vedran Lekic University of Maryland, College Park + Sanne Cottaar (Cambridge) + Edwin Kite (Princeton / U
More informationPetrology. Petrology: the study of rocks, especially aspects such as physical, chemical, spatial and chronoligic. Classification:
Petrology Petrology: the study of rocks, especially aspects such as physical, chemical, spatial and chronoligic. Associated fields include: Petrography: study of description and classification of rocks
More informationDifferentiation & Thermal Evolution
Differentiation & Thermal Evolution 1 1 Meteorite Classification: Iron Meteorites 2 Meteorite Classification: Iron Meteorites 2 Meteorite Classification Basic Types of Meteorites: - Stony (93% of falls)
More informationWhat can noble gases really say about mantle. 2) Extent of mantle degassing
What can noble gases really say about mantle convection and the deep Earth volatile cycles? 1) Constraints on mass flow 1) Constraints on mass flow 2) Extent of mantle degassing Outline: -Noble gas geochemistry
More information12. Data from Ito et al. (1987) Chemical Geology, 62, ; Figure ; and LeRoex et al. (1983) J. Petrol., 24,
Announcements Reading for Wed: p.363-399!!! p.362-366; p.373-378; p.383-386; p.392-394; p.395-399 Last lecture on Wednesday Bring food for pizza party Bring class notes, labs, book N-MORBs: 87 Sr/ 86 Sr
More informationPlanetary Formation OUTLINE
Planetary Formation Reading this week: White p474-490 OUTLINE Today 1.Accretion 2.Planetary composition 1 11/1/17 Building Earth 2 things are important: Accretion means the assembly of Earth from smaller
More informationcore formation, and crust - mantle differentiation
Title: Earth s chondritic Th/U: negligible fractionation during accretion, core formation, and crust - mantle differentiation Authors: Scott A. Wipperfurth 1 *, Meng Guo 1,2, Ondřej Šrámek 3, William F.
More informationGeochemical constraints on the core formation and composition
Geochemical constraints on the core formation and composition Bernard Bourdon ENS Lyon with: Mathieu Touboul, Caroline Fitoussi, John Rudge and Thorsten Kleine Collège de France November 25 th Core formation
More informationMars Internal Structure, Activity, and Composition. Tilman Spohn DLR Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin
Mars Internal Structure, Activity, and Composition Tilman Spohn DLR Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin Interior Structure Interior Structure models aim at 2 the bulk chemistry of the planet the masses
More informationExpected geoneutrino signal at JUNO
Expected geoneutrino signal at JUNO Virginia STRATI 1,2,*, Marica BALDONCINI 1,3, Ivan CALLEGARI 2, Fabio MANTOVANI 1,3, William F. McDONOUGH 4, Barbara RICCI 1,3, Gerti XHIXHA 2 1 Department of Physics
More informationEARTH S ENERGY SOURCES
EARTH S ENERGY SOURCES The geological processes that shape the Earth s surface are powered by two major sources of energy; geothermal heat from the Earth s interior and external energy from the sun. The
More informationThe Double Chooz Project
The Double Chooz Project Progress and Expected Sensitivity David McKee, KSU 13 17 July 2009 TeVPA @ SLAC Outline I. Neutrino mixing and θ 13 II. Existing θ 13 measurements III. This is hard with a single
More informationThe Main Point. Other Properties Earth has one large Moon. Earth has a strong Magnetic Field. Lecture #11: Earth: Geology and Interior
Lecture #11: Earth: Geology and Interior Overview of Earth's basic properties. Earth's Interior and Surface: Composition and Structure. Surface Geologic Processes. Evolution of the Surface. Reading: Chapters
More informationRecent solar and geo-ν results from Borexino
Otranto 4-11 Sep.2016 Recent solar and geo-ν results from Borexino Sandra Zavatarelli, INFN Genoa (Italy) on behalf of the Borexino Collaboration Why the Borexino experiment?! Astro & Particle Physics:
More informationThe LENA Neutrino Observatory
The LENA Neutrino Observatory for the LENA Collaboration 1 Consortium of European science institutions and industry partners Design studies funded by the European Community (FP7) LAGUNA: detector site,
More informationNonchondritic 142 Nd in suboceanic mantle peridotites
Research Letter Volume 12, Number 3 19 March 2011 Q03006, doi:10.1029/2010gc003415 ISSN: 1525 2027 Nonchondritic 142 Nd in suboceanic mantle peridotites Anna Cipriani Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory,
More informationNeutrino Sources in the Universe
Crab Nebula Neutrino Sources in the Universe Georg G. Raffelt Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Where do Neutrinos Appear in Nature? Nuclear Reactors Sun Particle Accelerators Supernovae (Stellar
More informationGeodynamics. Heat conduction and production Lecture Heat production. Lecturer: David Whipp
Geodynamics Heat conduction and production Lecture 7.3 - Heat production Lecturer: David Whipp david.whipp@helsinki.fi Geodynamics www.helsinki.fi/yliopisto 1 Goals of this lecture Discuss radiogenic heat
More informationMonte Carlo Simulations for Future Geoneutrino Detectors
Monte Carlo Simulations for Future Geoneutrino Detectors Morgan Askins Abstract The main contribution of heat in the earth s mantle is thought to be the radioactive decays of 238 U, 232 T h, and 40 K.
More informationNeutrinos and energetics of the Earth
Physics Letters B 557 (2003) 139 146 www.elsevier.com/locate/npe Neutrinos and energetics of the Earth G. Fiorentini a,b,f.mantovani c,b.ricci a,b a Dipartimento di Fisica dell Università di Ferrara, I-44100
More informationQuestions. 1. What kind of radiation dominates the first phase of radiation emission from a nuclear fireball?
Questions 1. What kind of radiation dominates the first phase of radiation emission from a nuclear fireball? 2. What is the ignition temperature of wood? 3. What fuels a firestorm? Natural Radioactivity
More informationˆ ˆŠ Œ ˆ ˆ Œ ƒ Ÿ
ˆ ˆŠ Œ ˆ ˆ Œ ƒ Ÿ 2015.. 46.. 2 GEONEUTRINOS AND BOREXINO L. Ludhova a,, G. Bellini a,j.benziger k,d.bick s, G. Bonˇni e, D. Bravo q, B. Caccianiga a, F. Calaprice l, A. Caminata c, P. Cavalcante e, A.
More informationNeutrino Experiments with Reactors
Neutrino Experiments with Reactors 1 Ed Blucher, Chicago Reactors as antineutrino sources Antineutrino detection Reines-Cowan experiment Oscillation Experiments Solar Δm 2 (KAMLAND) Atmospheric Δm 2 --
More informationSolar Neutrinos in Large Liquid Scintillator Detectors
Solar Neutrinos in Large Liquid Scintillator Detectors M. Chen Queen s University DOANOW March 24, 2007 Low Energy Solar Neutrinos complete our understanding of neutrinos from the Sun pep, CNO, 7 Be, pp
More informationdoi: /nature09940
LETTER doi:10.1038/nature09940 Spin crossover and iron-rich silicate melt in the Earth s deep mantle Ryuichi Nomura 1,2, Haruka Ozawa 1,3, Shigehiko Tateno 1, Kei Hirose 1,3, John Hernlund 4, Shunsuke
More informationMarine Geophysics. Plate tectonics. Dept. of Marine Sciences, Ocean College, Zhejiang University. Nov. 8, 2016
Marine Geophysics Plate tectonics 何小波 Dept. of Marine Sciences, Ocean College, Zhejiang University Nov. 8, 2016 Ocean College (ZJU) Plate tectonics xbhe@zju.edu.cn 1 / 1 Mantle flow and Plate tectonics
More informationRadiogenic Isotope Systematics and Noble Gases. Sujoy Mukhopadhyay CIDER 2006
Radiogenic Isotope Systematics and Noble Gases Sujoy Mukhopadhyay CIDER 2006 What I will not cover.. U-Th-Pb sytematics 206 Pb 204 Pb 207 Pb 204 Pb 208 Pb 204 Pb = t = t = t 206 Pb 204 Pb 207 Pb 204 Pb
More informationProton decay and neutrino astrophysics with the future LENA detector
Proton decay and neutrino astrophysics with the future LENA detector Teresa Marrodán Undagoitia tmarroda@ph.tum.de Institut E15 Physik-Department Technische Universität München Paris, 11.09.08 Outline
More informationAldo Ianni, LNGS for the Borexinocollaboration Sept. 29th, 2011
Aldo Ianni, LNGS for the Borexinocollaboration Sept. 29th, 2011 First Borexino proposal: 1991 Main goal: real time measurement of sub-mev solar neutrinos Why? To solve the Solar Neutrino Puzzle (missingsolarneutrinos)
More informationThe thermal history of the Earth
Chapter 27 The thermal history of the Earth Man grows cold faster than the planet he inhabits. Albert Einstein Starting with Kelvin there have been many controversies and paradoxes associated with the
More informationDifferentiation 2: mantle, crust OUTLINE
Differentiation 2: mantle, crust OUTLINE Reading this week: Should have been White Ch 10 and 11!! 7- Nov Differentiation of the Earth, Core formation W 10.6.6, 11.4 9- Nov Moon, crust, mantle, atmosphere
More informationTHE PLANETARY SCIENTIST'S COMPANION
THE PLANETARY SCIENTIST'S COMPANION Katharina Lodders Bruce Fegley, Jr. New York Oxford Oxford University Press 1998 Contents 1 Technical data Table 1.1 The Greek alphabet 1 Table 1.2 Prefixes used with
More informationTODAY S FOCUS LAYERS OF THE EARTH
TODAY S FOCUS LAYERS OF THE EARTH 8.6C investigate and describe applications of Newton s law of inertia, law of force and acceleration, and law of action-reaction such as in vehicle restraints, sports
More informationDie Blei-Blei Methoden
Die Blei-Blei Methoden Pb produced by radioactive decay of U & Th 238 U 206 Pb (half-life 4.47 Ga) 235 U 207 Pb (half-life 0.70 Ga) 232 Th 208 Pb (half-life 14 Ga) non-radiogenic 204 Pb used as reference
More informationNeutrino Experiments with Reactors
Neutrino Experiments with Reactors 1 Ed Blucher, Chicago Lecture 2 Reactors as antineutrino sources Antineutrino detection Reines-Cowan experiment Oscillation Experiments Solar Δm 2 (KAMLAND) Atmospheric
More informationPetrology: Igneous and Metamorphic (with a few sedimentary rocks)
1 Petrology: Igneous and Metamorphic (with a few sedimentary rocks) Spring 2017 Geology 2 nd ed. - Chernicoff Why Petrology? Most of the Earth is made of rock. Information about or for: Earth history rocks
More informationNeutrinos: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. Stanley Wojcicki SLAC Summer Institute 2010 August 13, 2010
Neutrinos: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow August 13, 2010 1 My Marching Orders 2 My Marching Orders...the summary talk should be visionary, rather than a dedicated summary of the SSI program. 2 My Marching
More informationAn Underground Laboratory for a Multi-Detector Experiment. Karsten Heeger Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Measuring sin 2 2θ 13 with Reactor Antineutrinos at Daya Bay An Underground Laboratory for a Multi-Detector Experiment Karsten Heeger Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory On behalf of the Daya Bay collaboration
More informationThermo-chemical structure, dynamics and evolution of the deep mantle: spherical convection calculations
Thermo-chemical structure, dynamics and evolution of the deep mantle: spherical convection calculations Paul J. Tackley ETH Zürich, Switzerland With help from Takashi Nakagawa, Frédéric Deschamps, James
More informationSilicate Atmospheres, Clouds, and Fractional Vaporization of Hot Earth-like Exoplanets
Silicate Atmospheres, Clouds, and Fractional Vaporization of Hot Earth-like Exoplanets Laura Schaefer and Bruce Fegley, Jr. Planetary Chemistry Laboratory Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Washington
More informationYanbu University College. General Studies Department. PHSC001 Course. Chapter9 (Basic Geology: Earthquakes and volcanoes ) Worksheet Solutions
Yanbu University College General Studies Department PHSC001 Course Chapter9 (Basic Geology: Earthquakes and volcanoes ) Worksheet Solutions Phsc001 worksheet9 solutions, yuc Page 1-6 Chapter 9 worksheet
More informationThe feasibility and implications of nuclear georeactors in Earth s core mantle boundary region
Research Articles South African Journal of Science 104, March/April 2008 111 The feasibility and implications of nuclear georeactors in Earth s core mantle boundary region R.J. de Meijer a,b * and W. van
More informationWhat can isotopes tell us about mantle dynamics? Sujoy Mukhopadhyay. Harvard University
What can isotopes tell us about mantle dynamics? Sujoy Mukhopadhyay Harvard University The mantle zoo Hofmann, 1997 187 Os/ 188 Os 0.168 0.156 0.144 0.132 EM1 Hawaii Pitcairn DMM peridotites Shield Basalts
More informationNeutrino Physics: Lecture 1
Neutrino Physics: Lecture 1 Overview: discoveries, current status, future Amol Dighe Department of Theoretical Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Feb 1, 2010 Plan of the course Omnipresent
More informationAt the beginning. Matter + antimatter. Matter has the advantage. baryons quarks, leptons, electrons, photons (no protons or neutrons)
At the beginning Matter + antimatter Matter has the advantage baryons quarks, leptons, electrons, photons (no protons or neutrons) Hadrons protons, neutrons Hydrogen, helium (:0 H:He) Origin of the Universe
More informationGeo-neutrinos: a new probe of Earth s interior
Geo-neutrinos: a new probe of Earth s interior Gianni Fiorentini a,b,*, Marcello Lissia c,d, Fabio Mantovani b,f,g, Riccardo Vannucci h a Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara,
More informationDrilling into the Memory of the Earth An Introduction to International Ocean Discovery Program
Drilling into the Memory of the Earth An Introduction to International Ocean Discovery Program Y. Tatsumi (Dept. Earth & Planetary Sciences) Why is this planet to be the Earth? This is a fundamental question
More information