4) Ash, R.L., Blasting characteristics of large diameter boreholes. 6 th Annual Drilling and Blasting Technology, Houstan, 1977.

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1 References 1) Afeni Thomas B, Osasan Stephen K, 2009, Assessment of noise and ground vibration induced during blasting operations in an open pit mine, Mining Science and Technology, vol. 19, pp ) Alessandro Giraudi, Marilena Cardu,Vladislav Kecojevic, 2009, An assessment of blasting vibrations: A case study on quarry operation, American Journal of Environmental Sciences, pp ) Ali Kahriman, 2004, Analysis of parameters of ground vibration produced from bench blasting at a limestone quarry, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 24, pp ) Ash, R.L., Blasting characteristics of large diameter boreholes. 6 th Annual Drilling and Blasting Technology, Houstan, ) Atef Helal 2011., Bench blasting, viewed 26 December 2012, 6) Atlas Powder Company (1987), "Explosive and Rock Blasting", pp ) B. K. Pal, K. C. Brahma, 2010, an application of regression model for evaluation of blast vibration in an opencast coal mine: A case analysis, Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3. 8) Carlos Lopez Jimeno, Emilio Lopez Jimeno, Francisco Javier Ayala Carcedo, 1995,Drilling and blasting of rocks, A.A. Balkema, Brookfield. 9) Dharmarathne P.G.R,Sinhakumara B.M.P,De Silva K.T.U.S,De Silva D.S,Mayooron D,Premathilake M,Liyanarachchi K.A.P.H, 2009, Initial environmental examination report for the metal quarry at Nawagamuwa,Ranala,GSMB Technical Services(Pvt) Ltd. 10) Dieter WerthmÄuller, 2007, Separate and joint inversion of dispersive Rayleigh and love waves, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich Institute of Geophysics. 11) Dowding, C.H., (1985), Blast Vibration Monitoring and Control. Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 297 pp. 12) Dowding, C. H., Aimone C. T., Rock Breakage, Explosives. Mining Engineering Handbook, Chapter 9.2, pp , ) Duvall W. I., Emprical Approach to Problems in Blasting, Failure and Breakage of Rocks. Ch 28, pp ,

2 14) Elseman I, Abdel-Rasoul, 2000, Measurement and analysis of the effect of ground vibrations induced by blasting at the limestone quarries of the Egyptian cement company, Cairo University, Egypt, pp ) Gupta R.N, Adikari G. R, Venkatesh H.S, Theresraj A.I, Syrendra Roy, Balachander R, Nitin Kumar Jain., 2005, Role of blast design parameter on ground vibration and correlation of vibration level to blasting damage to surface structures, Final Report S & T Project:MT/134/02, National Institute of Rock Mechanics Agency Collaborating with Western coalfields Limited and Singareni collieries company Limited. 16) Kursad Buyukyildirim, 2005, Ground vibration assessment at y-3 panel of tunçbilek open pit lignite mine, Msc. Thesis, the Middle East Technical University. 17) Kutter H.K, Fairhurst C., On the Fracture Process in Blasting. International Journal of Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech Abstr. Vol. 8, p , Pergamon Press, ) Langefors, U, B. Kihlstrom, H. Westerberg., Ground Vibrations in Blasting. Water Power, February 1958, pp ) Luigi Sambuelli, 2009, Theoretical Derivation of a Peak Particle Velocity Distance Law for the Prediction of Vibrations from Blasting, Rock Mech Rock Eng, Vol. 42, pp ) Mihai Andrei 2009., Invisibility cloak to give buildings protection against earthquakes, viewed 26 December 2012, 21) Park n.d., Park seismic, viewed 26 December 2012, 22) Persson P. A., The Basic Mechanisms in Rock Blasting. Proc. 2. International Congress on Rock Mechanics. Vol. IIIb., Belgrade, ) Salah Akeil, 2004, Comparative Study on Ground Vibrations Prediction by Statistical and Neural Networks Approaches at Tunçbilek Coal Mine, Msc. Thesis, the Middle East Technical University. 24) Seismic science at the epicenter, Citing electronic source of information, viewed 26 December 2012, 62

3 25) Siskind DE., Stagg MS., Kopp J W., Dowding C.H., (1980), Structure Response and Damage Produced by Ground Vibration from Surface Mine Blasting. United States Bureau of Mines, Report of Investigation

4 Appendix-A Sample report of a vibration event 64

5 Appendix -B Table of measured vibration data for vertical bench blast 65

6 Appendix -C Table of measured vibration data for horizontal bench blast 66

7 Appendix-D Predicted Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) data 67

8 Appendices-E Maximum allowable explosive quantity 68

Magnitude of Vibration vis-a-vis Charge per Delay and Total Charge

Magnitude of Vibration vis-a-vis Charge per Delay and Total Charge S K Mandal, Member M M Singh, Non-member N K Bhagat, Non-member The socio-eco-environmental constraints and increase of dwellings in and