DATA REPOSITORY ITEM # TABLE DR1. δ 13 C VALUES OF MODERN HERBIVORE TEETH FROM ETHIOPIA

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1 DATA REPOSITORY ITEM # TABLE DR1. δ 13 C VALUES OF MODERN HERBIVORE TEETH FROM ETHIOPIA Sample ID Treated δ 13 C δ 18 O * Tooth position Location (VPDB) (VPDB) Bovidae Alcelaphini Alcelaphus buselaphus ET05-AWSH-34 Yes rm3 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-35 Yes rm2 Awash NP ET05-MAGO-09 Yes lp2 Mago NP ET05-MAGO-18 Yes rm3 Mago NP ET05-NCHSR-27 Yes lm3 Nechisar NP Antilopini Gazella granti ET05-LAS-01 Yes rm1 Abiata-Shalla NP ET05-LAS-02 Yes rm3 Abiata-Shalla ET05-NCHSR-25 Yes rm3 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-26 Yes rm3 Nechisar NP Gazella soemmerringii ET05.ALDG.somm Yes rm3 Alledeghi ET05-AWSH-05 Yes m Awash NP Bovini Syncerus caffer ET05-MAGO-22 Yes lm2 Mago NP ET05-MAGO-15 Yes rm3 Mago NP ET05-MAGO-16 Yes rm3 Mago NP ET05-MAGO-24 Yes rm3 Mago NP ET05-MAGO-21 Yes rp Mago NP ET05-NCHSR-29 Yes lm2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-28 Yes rm1 Nechisar NP Caprini Capra ibex ET05-SMN-13 Yes m Simien NP Cephalophini Sylvicapra grimmia ET05-BM-11 No lm3 Bale NP ET05-BM-32 No rm3 Bale NP ET05-SMN-03 Yes m3 Simien NP Hippotragini Oryx beisa ET05-AWSH-09 No lm2 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-08 Yes m Awash NP ET05-AWSH-09 Yes lm3 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-09 No rm2 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-09 No rm3 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-37 Yes rm3 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-04 Yes m Awash NP ET05-MAGO-13 Yes lp3 Mago NP Neotragini Madoqua guentheri ET05-AA-M273 No lm2 & 3 Babille ET05-AA-M274 Yes rm2 & 3 Babille Madoqua saltiana ET05-AA-M268 No rm2 & 3 Babille ET05-AA-M270 Yes rm2 & 3 Babille GON07-06 Yes rm3 Gona GON06NL-12 Yes lm3 Gona GON04M-17 No M3 Gona Oreotragus oreotragus ET05-AA-M267 Yes M2 Babille ET05-SMN-10 Yes rm3 Simien NP Reduncini Kobus ellipsiprymnus ET05-AWSH-39 Yes lp3 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-38 Yes rm3 Awash NP ET05-MAGO-12 Yes lm2 Mago NP ET05-MAGO-14 Yes rm3 Mago NP ET05-MAGO-20 Yes rm3 Mago NP ET05-MAGO-25 Yes rm3 Mago NP ET05-MAGO-23 Yes rp2 Mago NP Redunca redunca ET05-BM-28 Yes lm2 Bale NP Tragelaphini Tragelaphus buxtoni ET05-MN-13 No lm2 Bale NP ET05-MN-05 No rm1 Bale NP ET05-BALE-05 No rm2 Bale NP ET05-MN-16 No rm2 Bale NP ET05-BALE-08 Yes rm3 Bale NP ET05-MN-18 No rp2 Bale NP Tragelaphus scriptus ET05-AA-M192 Yes rm1 Debre Zehir ET05-NCHSR-24 Yes lp4 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-16 Yes rm3 Nechisar NP ET05-SMN-31 Yes M2 Simien NP ET05-SMN-09 Yes M3 Simien NP Tragelaphus strepsiceros ET05-MAGO-11 Yes rm3 Mago NP ET05-NCHSR-32 Yes lm2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-30 Yes lp4 Nechisar NP

2 DATA REPOSITORY ITEM # TABLE DR1. δ 13 C VALUES OF MODERN HERBIVORE TEETH FROM ETHIOPIA Sample ID Treated δ 13 C δ 18 O * Tooth position Location (VPDB) (VPDB) Cercopithecidae Cercopithecus aethiops ET05-AA-M152 Yes lm2 Bulbula ET05-AA-M151 Yes lm Bulbula ET05-AA-M299 Yes M Bulbula ET05-AA-M191 Yes rm2 Debre Zehir Cercopithecus neglectus ET05-AA-M146 Yes lm2 Godare Papio hamadryas LS-1 No rm3 Awash NP LS-2 No rm3 Awash NP LS-3 No rm3 Awash NP GON04M-88 Yes rm3 Gona GON06NL-03 Yes m2 Gona GON06NL-03 Yes m3 Gona Papio anubis ET05-BM-09 Yes rm3 Bale NP ET05-MAGO-02 No rm3 Mago NP ET05-NCHSR-08 Yes lm2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-14 No lm3 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-14 Yes P Nechisar NP Theropithecus gelada ET05-SMN-06 Yes M3 Simien NP Equidae Equus burchelli ET05-NCHSR-23 Yes c Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-22 Yes lm1 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-19 Yes lm2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-18 Yes rm2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-21 Yes rm2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-18 Yes rm3 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-17 Yes lm3 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-22 Yes ri2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-19 Yes rm2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-20 Yes rm2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-17 Yes rm3 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-22 Yes rp2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-18 Yes rp3 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-20 Yes rp3 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-21 Yes rp3 Nechisar NP Equus grevyi ET05-AWSH-33 Yes lm1 Alledeghi ET05-AWSH-33 Yes lm3 Alledeghi ET05-AWSH-32 Yes p1 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-30 Yes rm1 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-31 Yes rp3 Awash NP Giraffidae Giraffa camelopardalis ET05-MAGO-03 Yes lm3 Mago NP Hippopotamidae Hippopotamus amphibius ET05-AWSH-29 Yes lm2 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-28 Yes rm1 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-27 Yes rm1 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-28 Yes rm1 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-29 Yes rm1 Awash NP ET05-NCHSR-04 Yes lm3 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-05 Yes rm1 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-01 Yes rm2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-06 Yes rm2 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-07 Yes rm3 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-03 Yes lm1 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-02 Yes rm3 Nechisar NP Elephantidae Loxodonta africana ET05-MAGO-10 Yes m Mago NP ET05-MAGO-17 Yes m Mago NP ET05-MAGO-19 Yes m Mago NP Suidae Phacochoerus sp. ET05-AWSH-40 Yes P Awash NP ET05-AWSH-36 Yes m Awash NP ET05-AWSH-16 Yes M3 Awash NP ET05-AWSH-16 Yes M2 Awash NP ET05-BALE-07 Yes c Bale NP ET05-BALE-06 No ldm2 Bale NP ET05-BALE-16 Yes M3 Bale NP ET05-BM-105 Yes rm3 Bale NP

3 DATA REPOSITORY ITEM # TABLE DR1. δ 13 C VALUES OF MODERN HERBIVORE TEETH FROM ETHIOPIA Sample ID Treated δ 13 C δ 18 O * Tooth position Location (VPDB) (VPDB) Suidae (contd.) Phacochoerus sp. (contd.) GON04M-20 Yes m3 Gona GON07-33 Yes rm3 Gona GON04M-59 Yes m Gona GON04M-79 Yes m Gona GON06NL-06 No M2 Gona GON06NL-09 No M2 Gona GON04M-28 Yes M3 Gona GON Yes M3 Gona GON06NL-06 Yes M3 Gona GON06NL-09 No M3 Gona GON06NL-10 Yes M3 Gona GON07-10 Yes M3 Gona GON07-58 Yes M3 frag Gona GON07-33 Yes rm3 Gona ET05-MAGO-28 Yes c Mago NP ET05-MAGO-06 Yes lm3 Mago NP ET05-NCHSR-15 Yes lm3 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-13 Yes M3 Nechisar NP ET05-NCHSR-15 Yes rm3 Nechisar NP ET05-SMN-18 Yes m Simien NP Notes:VPDB is an abbreviation for the isotopic standard Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite. *δ 18 O enamel values were calculated from δ 18 O values of CO 2 produced by the enamel-h 3 PO 4 reaction using a temperature dependent acid fractionation factor (1.008 at 90 C) for modern teeth calculated based on the regressions in Passey, B.H., Cerling, T.E., and Levin, N.E., 2007, Temperature dependence of oxygen isotope acid fractionation for modern and fossil tooth enamels: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, v 21, p Abbreviations for tooth position are as follows: r, right; l, left; m, molar; p, premolar; I, incisor; c, canine; d, deciduous. Uppercase and lowercase letters refer to the maxillar and mandibular teeth, respectively.

4 DATA REPOSITORY ITEM # TABLE DR2. δ 13 C VALUES OF FOSSIL HERBIVORE TEETH FROM GONA, ETHIOPIA Sample ID δ 13 C 1σ * δ 18 O 1σ Treated Tooth position Formation Member or Site (VPDB) (VPDB) Association Bovidae Aepycerotini GONBULK Yes lm2 Sagantole As Duma GWM1 GONBULK Yes rm(3?) Sagantole As Duma GWM1 GONBULK Yes lm(1/2?) Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 GONBULK Yes rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes rm2(/1) Sagantole As Duma GWM9 WM9.P Yes M3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 Antilopini ESC1.P No rm(1/2?) Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC1 Bovidae gen. indet. ESC2.P No rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 GONBULK Yes rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM26 GONBULK Yes m frag Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 GONBULK Yes m(2/3?) Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 GONBULK Yes rm3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM31 WMS13.P Yes lm Sagantole GWMS GWMS13 WMS15.P Yes M3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS15 WMS6.P Yes rm(2/3?) Sagantole GWMS GWMS6 WMS7.P Yes rm3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS7 Bovini WM5M.P Yes M3 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 GONBULK Yes lm(1/2?) Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes p(3/4?) Sagantole As Duma GWM9 WMS7.P No M3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS7 cf. Bovini WMS8.P Yes m Sagantole GWMS GWMS8 cf. Hippotragini ESC2.P Yes rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 cf. Reduncini ESC2.P No rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 cf. Tragelaphus ESC2.P No -- Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 Reduncini WM30.P No -- Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM30 WMS6.P No lm Sagantole GWMS GWMS6 Tragelaphus sp. ESC2.P No rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 WM1.P Yes M3 Sagantole As Duma GWM1 WM10W.P No lm3 Sagantole GWM10/11 GWM10 WM3.P No -- Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 WM3.P Yes m3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 GONBULK Yes lm3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM31 WM5M.P Yes M3 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 GONBULK Yes m2 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 WM5SW.P Yes -- Sagantole As Duma GWM5 WM5SW.P Yes M3 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 GONBULK Yes rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes -- Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 WM9.P Yes -- Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes m2 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 WMS11.P No -- Sagantole GWMS GWMS11 WMS13.P No lm Sagantole GWMS GWMS13 WMS16.P No M3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS16 WMS6.P No M3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS6 WMS7.P No -- Sagantole GWMS GWMS7 WMS7.P Yes M3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS7 Equidae Eurygnathohippus cf. feibeli ABD2.P Yes rm3 Adu-Asa below Sifi Tephra ABD2 BDL1.P Yes rm2 Adu-Asa above Sifi Tephra BDL1 ESC Yes rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes lm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes lm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC3.P Yes rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC3 HMD2.P Yes lm3 Adu-Asa Sifi Tuff HMD2 Eurygnathohippus sp. GONBULK Yes p/m Sagantole As Duma GWM1

5 DATA REPOSITORY ITEM # TABLE DR2. δ 13 C VALUES OF FOSSIL HERBIVORE TEETH FROM GONA, ETHIOPIA Sample ID δ 13 C 1σ * δ 18 O 1σ Treated Tooth position Formation Member or Site (VPDB) (VPDB) Association Equidae contd. Eurygnathohippus sp. contd. WM1.P Yes rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM1 GONBULK Yes lp(2/3?) Sagantole As Duma GWM1 WM11.P Yes M3 Sagantole Sifi Area GWM11 GONBULK Yes -- Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM30 GONBULK Yes P4/M1 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM31 WM33.P Yes m3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM33 GONBULK Yes p/m Sagantole As Duma GWM5 GONBULK Yes lm(1/2?) Sagantole As Duma GWM9 WMS3.P Yes rm3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS3 WMS6.P Yes M/P Sagantole GWMS GWMS6 WMS6.P Yes rm3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS6 WMS7.P Yes lm Sagantole GWMS GWMS7 Giraffidae cf. Sivatherium GONBULK Yes rm2 Sagantole As Duma GWM27 WMS8.P Yes P Sagantole GWMS GWMS8 Giraffidae gen. indet. ESC1.P Yes P Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC1 ESC3.P Yes M fragment Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC3 WM9N.P Yes M Sagantole As Duma GWM9 Sivatherium sp. WM45.P Yes P Sagantole GWM45/46 GWM45 Hippopotamidae ESC2.P Yes M Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes m Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC3.P Yes M fragment Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC3 ESC3.P Yes rm1 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC3 GONBULK Yes m(2/3?) Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes p Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes M2 Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes M1 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM30 GONBULK Yes dm Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM31 GONBULK Yes P Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM31 GONBULK Yes lm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 GONBULK Yes m(2/3?) Sagantole As Duma GWM5 GONBULK Yes -- Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes P Sagantole As Duma GWM9 WMS6.P Yes LM(1/2?) Sagantole GWMS GWMS6 Cercopithecidae Kuseracolobus aramisi WM1.P No m3 Sagantole As Duma GWM1 WM27.P No m3 Sagantole As Duma GWM27 WM34.P No lm3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM34 WM5M.P No M3 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 WM9M.P No lm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 Pliopapio alemui WM1S.P No rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM1 WM3W.P No rm3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 WM3W.P No lm3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 WM5M.P No m3 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 WM5SW.P No m3 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 WM5SW.P No lm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 WM9M.P No m3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 Proboscidea Anancus sp. ESC1.P21B Yes -- Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC1 ESC1.P Yes M3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC1 GONBULK Yes M Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes M Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes M Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes M Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes M Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes M Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes M Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM30 GONBULK Yes -- Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM30 GONBULK Yes M Sagantole As Duma GWM9 Deinotherium sp. GONBULK Yes M Sagantole As Duma GWM1 Elephantidae gen. indet. BDL2.P Yes M3 Adu-Asa above Sifi Tephra BDL2 ESC6.P Yes M3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC6 Proboscidea gen. indet. GONBULK Yes M Sagantole As Duma GWM1

6 DATA REPOSITORY ITEM # TABLE DR2. δ 13 C VALUES OF FOSSIL HERBIVORE TEETH FROM GONA, ETHIOPIA Sample ID δ 13 C 1σ * δ 18 O 1σ Treated Tooth position Formation Member or Site (VPDB) (VPDB) Association Proboscidea contd. Proboscidea gen. indet. GONBULK Yes M frag Sagantole As Duma GWM1 GONBULK Yes M frag Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes M Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes M3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 GONBULK Yes M frag Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 GONBULK Yes lm3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM31 Rhinocerotidae cf. Diceros praecox WMS11.P Yes M Sagantole GWMS GWMS11 Rhinocerotidae gen. indet. GONBULK Yes M/P Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM27 GONBULK Yes m/p Sagantole As Duma GWM28 GONBULK Yes maxillary Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 GONBULK Yes rm2 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM31 GONBULK Yes lm3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM31 Suidae Nyanzachoerus syrticus ESC2.P No M2 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes lm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes m3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes rm3 Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 ESC2.P Yes -- Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 Kolpochoerus deheinzelini WM10W.P No rm3 Sagantole GWM10/11 GWM10 WM10W.P Yes M3 Sagantole GWM10/11 GWM10 GONBULK Yes rm3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM29 WM31.P Yes lm3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM31 GONBULK Yes -- Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes rm2/3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 WMS7.P Yes lm3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS7 Nyanzachoerus jaegeri GONBULK Yes rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM1 WM1.P Yes rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM1 WM1s.P Yes rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM1 WM10.P Yes rm3 Sagantole GWM10/11 GWM10 GONBULK Yes M3 Sagantole As Duma GWM2 GONBULK Yes M3 Sagantole As Duma GWM28 GONBULK Yes M3 Sagantole As Duma GWM28 GONBULK Yes lm3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 WM3.P Yes -- Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM3 GONBULK Yes M3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM31 WM46.P No m3 Sagantole GWM45/46 GWM46 WM5M.P Yes lm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 WM5M.P Yes rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 GONBULK Yes lm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes M3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes lm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes lm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes LM3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 GONBULK Yes M3 Sagantole As Duma GWM9 WMS7.P No -- Sagantole GWMS GWMS6 Ny. cf. jaegeri WM27.P Yes rm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM27 GONBULK Yes m3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM31 Nyanzachoerus kanamensis WM18.P Yes rm3 Sagantole Unassigned GWM18 WM30.P Yes lm2/3 Sagantole Segala Noumou GWM30 WMS3.P Yes lm3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS3 WMS7.P Yes rm3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS7 Ny.cf. kanamensis WMS6.P Yes lm3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS6 WMS7.P Yes lm3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS7 WM10.P Yes rm3 Sagantole GWM10/11 GWM10 WM5SW.P Yes lm3 Sagantole As Duma GWM5 Nyanzachoerus sp. ESC2.P No M(1/2?) Adu-Asa Kobo'o Tephra ESC2 WM45.P Yes rm3 Sagantole GWM45/46 GWM45

7 DATA REPOSITORY ITEM # TABLE DR2. δ 13 C VALUES OF FOSSIL HERBIVORE TEETH FROM GONA, ETHIOPIA Sample ID δ 13 C 1σ * δ 18 O 1σ Treated Tooth position Formation Member or Site (VPDB) (VPDB) Association Suidae contd. Nyanzachoerus sp. contd. WM45.P Yes rm3 Sagantole GWM45/46 GWM45 GONBULK Yes P Sagantole As Duma GWM9 WMS14.P Yes rm3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS14 WMS7.P Yes lm3 Sagantole GWMS GWMS7 Notes: VPDB is an abbreviation for the isotopic standard Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite. *Averages and standard deviations (1σ) are reported for powders analyzed multiple times. δ 18 O enamel values were calculated from δ 18 O values of CO 2 produced by the enamel-h 3 PO 4 reaction using a temperature dependent acid fractionation factor for fossil teeth ( at 90 C and at 50 C) calculated using regressions in Passey, B.H., Cerling, T.E., and Levin, N.E., 2007, Temperature dependence of oxygen isotope acid fractionation for modern and fossil tooth enamels: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, v 21, p Abbreviations for tooth position are as follows: r, right; l, left; m, molar; p, premolar; I, incisor; c, canine; d, deciduous. Uppercase and lowercase letters refer to the maxillar and mandibular teeth, respectively. If tooth position is unknown the field is left blank.

8 DATA REPOSITORY ITEM # TABLE DR3. δ 13 C VALUES OF PEDOGENIC CARBONATES FROM THE SAGANTOLE FORMATION Sample Association δ 13 C * 1σ δ 18 O * 1σ Number of Data source (VPDB) (VPDB) Nodules GONJQ-132 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-145 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-146 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-238 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-239 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-239 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-240 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-241 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-242 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-243 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-244 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-245 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-246 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-247 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONJQ-248 Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al WM Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al WM Segala Noumou Member Levin et al. 2004; Semaw et al GONNL-029 GWM-45 locality This study GONNL-038 GWMS area This study GONNL-045 GWMS area This study GONNL-040 GWMS area This study GONNL-046 GWMS area This study Notes: VPDB is an abbreviation for the isotopic standard Pee Dee Belemnite. *Averages, standard deviations and number of δ 13 C and δ 18 O values are reported for multiple analyses. Nodules from paleosols within 2km and in section with the GWM3 hominid locality. Carbonate rhizoliths found in same pedogenic context as nodules.