How to facilitate accessibility of environmental and population data for interdisciplinary human risk assessment studies?

Transcription

1 How to facilitate accessibility of environmental and population data for interdisciplinary human risk assessment studies? let s go back to basic principles. J. Jarkovský, L. Dušek, J. Klánová, I. Holoubek, M. Kubásek, J. Hřebíček, R. Baroš, R. Hulek, J. Gregor MASARYK UNIVERSITY Brno, Czech Republic

2 Introduction MOTTO Data rich information poor and solution? Ukázka uspořádaného datového souboru cislo stadium vek tran1_3 tran1_4 tran1_5 tran1_6 alb_pbsct ldh_vstup sternum typ_myel IgG IgG IgG IgG ? B-J IgA IgG IgG IgG IgG B-J IgG IgG B-J B-J B-J IgG B-J IgA How to make accessible hundreds of separated files, each with some specific problems?

3 Introduction Problem to solve 1. Data itself Ukázka uspořádaného datového souboru cislo stadium vek tran1_3 tran1_4 tran1_5 tran1_6 alb_pbsct ldh_vstup sternum typ_myel IgG IgG IgG IgG ? B-J IgA IgG IgG IgG IgG B-J IgG IgG B-J B-J B-J IgG B-J IgA Insufficient description Lack of concept Lack of metadata Missing and outstanding values Time related changes Comparability of data models Institutional policy Country specifics There are no ideal data sets in the world, namely retrospectively

4 Introduction Problem to solve 2. Professional users Ukázka uspořádaného datového souboru cislo stadium vek tran1_3 tran1_4 tran1_5 tran1_6 alb_pbsct ldh_vstup sternum typ_myel ? IgG IgG IgG IgG B-J IgA IgG IgG IgG IgG B-J IgG IgG B-J B-J B-J IgG B-J IgA Eperts are typically highly motivated, educated and eperienced, BUT: Limited in access to primary data Limited in time Users simply cannot manually process all world data.

5 Introduction Problem 3. Interdisciplinary topics and wide variety of users SCIENTISTS VĚDEC VEŘEJNOST PUBLIC? Interdisciplinary topics require some degree of data pre processing Any type of reporting must be well targeted MANAGERS

6 Introduction we need to move from ad hoc analyses to automated data processing Ukázka uspořádaného datového souboru cislo stadium vek tran1_3 tran1_4 tran1_5 tran1_6 alb_pbsct ldh_vstup sternum typ_myel IgG IgG IgG IgG B-J IgA IgG IgG IgG IgG B-J IgG IgG B-J B-J B-J IgG B-J IgA INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERNET REGISTRY On-line ON-LINE working toolkits Sběr dat FN Plzeň Masarykova Nemocnice nemocnice Liberec Nemocnice Ústí nad Labem Chomutov FN KV Praha FN Hradec Králové FN Motol Praha KOC Praha Primary a Nemocnice Středočeský kraj Pardubice Síť ZZ data FN Ostrava Nemocnice České Budějovice Nemocnice Jihlava FN Olomouc Nemocnice Nový Jičín MOÚ Brno FN Brno Nemocnice Zlín FN u sv. Anny Brno Is it possible to share different databases and to make data easily accessible for routine search, aggregation and analyses?

7 How to facilitate accessibility of data? let s go back to basic principles. We need contract based scientific data repositories with robust information background

8 GENASIS system as an eample of repository Principles are documented using functional system GENASIS 2.0 as an eample GENASIS: a user friendly system for the archiving, processing, visualization and analysis of contamination of all environmental components by persistent organic pollutants. GENASIS outcomes: information source both for lay public and eperts, as well as for the process of the Stockholm Convention implementation. GENASIS v. 2.0: Project target groups Managers and legal authorities in environmental protection Scientists

9 Research Centre for Toic Compounds in the Environment GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT SESSMENT AND INFORMATION SYSTEM Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses Environmental chemistry Ecotoicology National POPs centre Regional POPs centres Ecological risk assessment Professional data analysis Computational biology Development of information systems Environmental informatics Health care informatics Health technology assessment

10 GENASIS system architecture scheme from primary data to data warehouse and on line data visualization PORTAL ON LINE PREZENTATION Communication & prezentation level DATA WAREHOUSE Scientific analyses! GENASIS DATA MANAGEMENT Data validation Analytical level PRIMARY DATA OF THE GENASIS SYSTEM Eports Eports Eports Data level PARTICIPATING INSTITUTIONS DATA OWNERS

11 How to facilitate accessibility of data? let s go back to basic principles. Principles associated with the DATA LEVEL of the system A base of the system is always most important

12 DATA level: principles of functional repositories Principle 1. Contract-based participation of partners and safety management Principle 2. Strictly defined and standardized minimum data record

13 DATA level: principles of functional repositories Principle 3. Multi-layer, hierarchically structured data model Sample Measurement time parameter method value unit Matri Institution / project Site Each level has its own defined minimum data record.

14 DATA level: principles of functional repositories Principle 4. Well defined ontology and conceptual data model of a repository Databases entering the repository are structured and transformed according to given conceptual model to become compatible with the other data sources. Ontology also determines information concept and weight associated with data entities.

15 DATA level: principles of functional repositories Principle 5. Etended data model in data warehouse and metadata management Data warehouse operator: pre-processing of entering data: 1.Standardization of items, parameters in records 2.Enrichment of data model by key descriptors (classifiers) 3.Necessary data transformation

16 DATA level: principles of functional repositories Eamples of data enrichment during targeted pre-processing Safety codes determining 1.Data ownership 2.Data accessibility Enriched database enables directly used the codes added by operator to classify information sources. Data quality criteria 1.Minimized standards fullfiled 2.Data completeness 3.Data consistency Type of the study 1.Long-term monitoring 2.Short-term monitoring 3.Case studies 4.Screening Spatial data verification Limits of methods and techniques Type of time series

17 How to facilitate accessibility of data? let s go back to basic principles. Principles associated with the ANALYTIC LEVEL of the system Combining various data sources, we need comprehensive eploration and robust comparative tools, ensuring comparison of really comparable datasets.

18 ANALYTIC level: principles of functional repositories Principle 6. Robust comprehensive processing of all accessible parameters Functional repository must support comparative analyses over high dimensional and heterogeneous data: 1.As a part of data validation at entry 2.As a support for decision making over contamination values Environmental data requires robust non-parametric solution

19 ANALYTIC level: principles of functional repositories Principle 6. Robust comprehensive processing of all accessible parameters

20 ANALYTIC level: principles of functional repositories Principle 6. Robust comprehensive processing of all accessible parameters

21 ANALYTIC level: principles of functional repositories Principle 6. Robust comprehensive processing of all accessible parameters

22 How to facilitate accessibility of data? let s go back to basic principles. Principles associated with the PREZENTATION LEVEL Tools enabling analytically safe browsing through data surely stimulate analyses and thus contribute to the quality of data collection.

23 System PREZENTATION and on line data processing Principle 7. Comprehensive and balanced prezentation of data Not all data can be directly accessible on-line, some must be subjected to ad hoc modeling, some should be pre-processed as educational content

24 System PREZENTATION and on line data processing Principle 8. Vizualization outcomes must be interactive enabling users to generate unlimited aggregations and views.

25 GENASIS: INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION BY PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS GENASIS as POPs focused data repository in development

26 GENASIS: KEY PLATFORM: GENASIS PORTAL Menu options Description of project aims and importance Survey of data sources User friendly access to main system functions Main functions are directly accessible from the title page: Analytical tools With selection of the tool, the user runs software window and selects data for the appropriate analysis. There are eceptions: 1) tool of Bo models, where the Czech Republic bo model window is opened directly and 2) module comparing substances. Survey of data sources opens table and map survey of all data sources. Menu access to all system functions. Project aims access to the detailed description of the project Other options CZ/ENG language switch RSS channel with news Selection of the analytical tool

27 GENASIS: User s view on GENASIS portal content User s entry to GENASIS I. Mapping of data sources II. Analysis and modeling III. E-learning Projects and partners, information Data sources Analytical modules Environmental modeling POPs Guide Ecological risk assessment Project objectives Development history Data providers Panel of eperts Description of monitoring network, objectives, content Size of monitoring networks GIS presentation of monitoring network Monitoring networks in data description Contamination status Spatial and time trends of contamination Factors related to contamination Comparison of sites Description of models Model calculators POPs under Stockholm Conventions Relevant sources Properties of POPs Fate in the environment Interactive methodology Tutorial of EcoRA Database of ecotoicological tests (DATEST, version 2.0) Dose response modelling (ADRIS)

28 GENASIS: National & international POPs surveys National data sources air water/sediment soil vegetation h. and an. tissues food Monitoring networks in CR Monitoring of PAHs in air CHMI Monitoring of PAHs in air NIPH Integrated monitoring Košetice RECETOX MONET CZ RECETOX Monitoring of water, sediments CHMI, WRI Basal monitoring of soils CISTA Monitoring of dietary eposition NIPH Monitoring of human tissues NIPH Monitoring of feedstuff CISTA, RIASC Monitoring of food inspection SVA, CAFIA Research projects Labe project N11 ME Labe contamination N12 CHMI N13 N14 N15 POPs in Prague ME Env. contamination ICT WHO study - milk NIPH Env. Monitor. Ostrava N16HIOVA RECETOX database Beroun N17RECETOX CVM N18 RECETOX Highways N19 RECETOX Liberec N20 RECETOX Mountains N21 RECETOX Spolana N22 RECETOX Zlín region N23 RECETOX I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 I6 I7 I8 I9 AMAP monitoring AMAP EMEP monitoring EMEP Global atmospheric passive Sampling Environment Canada MONET CEEC POPs Centre for Centr. and East. Europe / RECETOX MONET Africa, MONET Fiji RECETOX MONARPOP AMAFEWR OSPAR Water monitoring WFD water.europa.eu WHO study - milk WHO NIPH National Institute for Public Health; CISTA - Central Institute for Supervising RECETOX and & IBA Testing MU in 2009 Agriculture; CHMI Czech Hydrometeorological Institute; ICT Institute 28 of Chemical Technology; HIOVA Health Institute, Ostrava; AMAP - Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme; EMEP - European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme, SVA - State Veterinary Administration; AMAFEWR - Austrian Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Ressources

29 Freshwater PAHs Czech Republic Active GENASIS: The GENASIS system aims to fulfill all mentioned principles Analytical tools Interactive selection of data Data selection Step 1: Matri Step 2: Compounds Step 3:Region Step 4: Time Human tissues Animal tissues N =0 N =0 PAHs PCBs DDTs N =XX =100 N =100 N =100 Europe N =80 Czech Republic N =50 Slovak Republic N = End Food webs N =0 DDT N =100 DDD N =100 Europe N = DDE N = Air Vegetation N =100 N =0 HCB HCH N =100 N = Start Soil N =100 =XX Water Sediment N =200 N = N =35 List of selected sites Interactive map viewer Apply selection List of selected sites Map selection Matri Compounds Region Time Map selection Selection N=35 Matri Compounds Region Time Map selection Selection N=35 Project Site CHARACTERISTICS, POLLUTION SOURCE MONET Bílý Kříž CHMI observatory, mountain background, north eastern part MONET Brno Kot. Urban area, city center, residential, heavy traffic pollution MONET Brno Krof. Urban residential area, traffic MONET Buchlov Rural background, inland MONET Colorlak Industrial site, paint factory, former PCB consumer MONET Děčínský sněžník CHMI observatory, mountain background, north western border MONET Churáňov CHMI observatory, mountain background, southern border MONET Jeseník CHMI observatory, mountain background, north eastern part MONET Kleť Observatory, mountain background, southern border MONET Košetice CHMI observatory, rural background, inland local combustion MONET Lib Bed Rural residential area MONET Lib centr Urban residential area, city center MONET Lib Chrast. Residential site MONET Lib Jest. Mountain background MONET Lib Rádlo Rural residential area MONET Lib Roch Urban residential area MONET Lib Term Urban area, communal waste incinerator MONET Mokrá ad. Rural industrial site, administration building of the cement factory MONET Mokrá Hor. Rural residential area MONET Mokrá kon CHMI observatory, rurar industrial area, cement factory, traffic MONET Napajedla Urban area, residential/industrial, city center MONET Otrokovice Urban area, residential/industrial, city center MONET Pha Libuš Urban background N =XX Alternative selection in table Back to selection dialog N =XX Back to selection dialog Alternative map selection Bo models direct access to analytical tool Comparison of compounds direct access to analytical tool

30 GENASIS: Analytical tools available in version 2.0 Sampling sites Description of selected sampling sites: geographical position in map, altitude and other abiotic characteristics non-influenced by human activities; sampled matrices and compounds, number of samples Summary report Summary description of contamination of selected spatial area and time range. Comparison of levels of sampled compounds and their percentage structure. Comparison with legislative norms. Time series Time series of environmental contamination on one site or for selected set of sites. The analysis allows aggregations on several time levels (years, months) and comparison of results with legislative norms. Analysis of seasonality Seasonal changes of contamination, both in absolute concentrations values or percentage structure of compounds. Comparison of seasonality between years, sites, compounds. Comparison of trends Comparison of contamination trends between sites, differences of time series. Comparison of sites Comparison of contamination levels among i) individual sites or ii) among group of sites defined by environmental parameters (altitude, land use etc.) Comparison of compounds Comparison of chemical and ecotoicological properties of POPs based on information from literature in POPspedia database. Bo models Calculator of level IV bo model of the Czech Republic; provides simulation of time development of selected compound concentrations.

31 GENASIS: Analytical module sampling sites location

32 GENASIS: ANALYTICAL MODULE Selection of the data set for analysis

33 GENASIS: Sampling sites selection and data administration

34 GENASIS: Analyses of the selected data set

35 GENASIS: ANALYTICAL MODULE analysis setting

36 GENASIS: ANALYTICAL MODULE analysis setting

37 GENASIS: CONCLUSIONS Environmental data from various sources can be combined in functional repository providing there is conceptual, ontology based, data model. In heterogeneous data sets, enrichment of data model (descriptors, classifiers, quality scoring) is necessary. Analytical toolkit of functional repository must support some type of on line data browser and interactive reporting. Any comparative analyses should be based on robust, non parametric methodology, both uni and multivariate. Participating institutions must see real added value of data processing, always with guaranteed archiving of primary data.

38 GENASIS: INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION BY PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS Thank you very much for your kind attention