GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM AS A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR TOURISM MANAGEMENT IN A DEVELOPING ECONOMY: A CASE OF ABUJA, NIGERIA

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1 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM AS A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR TOURISM MANAGEMENT IN A DEVELOPING ECONOMY: A CASE OF ABUJA, NIGERIA BY Surv. Dr. Kayode Odedare Department Geoinformatics, Federal School Surveying, Oyo,Nigeria Mobile: & Adedayo Alagbe Department Geoinformatics, Federal School Surveying, Oyo, Nigeria Mobile: OUTLINE Introduction Statement problem Aim Objectives work Database Design Conceptual design Logical Data sets Physical design Database Implementation Spatial Analysis Discussion Result Conclusion

2 INTRODUCTION Surveys on Nigeria urism potentials conducted by African development bank in 1971 revealed country s existing latest urism potentials. The resources include physical attraction sites, cultural heritage, museum monuments. The physical attraction sites are eir man made or natural. Some natural attraction sites include various National Park Game Reserves, warm spring, waterfalls, beaches hills, while man-made made attraction sites includes hotels, city parks, palaces ancient settlement areas. Cultural urism has also a significant position in urism destination areas within Africa. Nigerian cultural heritage is complex each community is endowed with rich cultural heritage different tradition. In or sustainably develop manage urism, pround understing or knowledge spatial distribution urist sites, urism facilities, urist flow, becomes imperative also spatial patterns urist movements between destinations, within destination, urist motivation, urist needs facilities required. Geographic information system is an information system which has capability hle spatially distributed data, relate m or numerical or descriptive data, present data visually on a map, reports, chart etc STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The success urism business is determined by planning, development management industry. Although Geographic information system is well suited practice urism planning, development management, use Geographic information system technology in urism is still limited in Nigeria, as general lack urism database has led poor urist management, poor patronage urism destination, lack awareness existing urism facilities by potential urist, limited information about destinations, urism manpower needs planning. There is n need improve urism management with Geographic information system technology. This research was refore motivated by need fill above gaps in knowledge by generating database on urism in Abuja that could underpin future urism management strategies policies in Federal Capital Terriry (FCT)..

3 AIM OF THE STUDY The aim this paper is develop a functioning urism database examine how geographic information system technology could serve as a decision support system for urism management.. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The objectives study include: 1. Design a urism database for Abuja 2. Identify geometric attribute data urists destinations. 3. Create a urism database for Abuja urism. 4. Carry out spatial analysis possible routes from Hotel urism sites from urist locations facilities

4 THE STUDY AREA DATABASE DESIGN A database is an integrated, well-structured collection data that can be accessed by different logical paths. Database design is a process by which real relationships world are entities, modeled in ir order attributes derive maximum amount benefits using a minimum amount data. (Kufoniyi, 1998). GIS database design process consists three interrelated phases: Conceptual design, Logical design Physical design a

5 Conceptual Design: This has do with representation human conceptualization reality objective is determine basic entities, spatial relationships among entities attributes each entity. To accomplish objectives research following were identified: Tourism sites Hotels Recreation Park Hospitals Police station Road Entity Relationship diagram

6 Logical Design: It is representation data model, designed reflect recording data in computer system. The phase translates conceptual design in data structured using relational data model. In a relational model, entities become relations or tables. The following was derived. 1. TOURIST SITE (Trmsite_id, Trmsite_name, Trmsite_add, Trmsite_fac, Trmsite_owner) 2. ROAD(rd_id, rd_name, rd_type, rd_length) 3. POLICE STATION(PS_id, PS_name, PS-add) 4. HOSPITALS(H_id, H_name, H_add) 5. HOTEL(Ht_id, Ht_name) DATASET USED The secondary data used include IKONOS image study area which was collected from fice Surveyor General Federation, Abuja, Nigeria while primary source involved direct acquisition location data Tourism sites, Hotels, Recreation places, Hospitals, Police station, Cultural centre Position through field observation using Garmin hheld Global Position System (GPS) receiver.

7 DATA CONVERSION Physical Design The ikonos image Local Government was updated, scanned, geo-referenced by converting latitude longitude coordinates Universal Traverse Mercar (UTM) using ttcal stware, which was used for geo-referencing referencing. The geo- referencing on screen digitizing were done using ArcGIS technology various entities interest were vecrised. This is representation data structure in format implementation stware. The different entities were organised in geo- database structure which specified table name, attributes, data type width data. The implementation stware is ArcGIS The data types used were Text, Number Double.

8 Tourism Sites table, attributes data declaration ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION DATATYPE DATA WIDTH TRMSITE _ID TOURISM SITE NUMBER IDENTIFIER TRMSITE_NAME TOURISM SITE TEXT 30 TRMSITE_ADD TRMSITE_FACI NAME TOURIS SITE ADDRESS TOURISM SITE FACILITIES TEXT 30 TEXT 100 TRMSITE_OWNE TOURISM SITE TEXT 10 R OWNER DATABASE IMPLEMENTATION. Database was created populated in ArcGIS Polygon, Line Point layers were created respectively for Tourism sites, Hospitals, Recreation centres, Hotels, police station Roads data Table 8 is a Sample table created in ArcGIS environment. OBJECTID x y Trmsite_Name Trmsite_Address National Arboretum 43 Circular way Millennium Park 14 Circular way International Conference 92 Herbert Macaulay Center Way IBB Golf Course 84 Muritala Mohammed Wonderl Amusement 19 National Stadium Park National Stadium 26 National Stadium Eagles Square 120 Shehu Shagari Abuja Art Culture 25 Moshood Abiola Art Craft Village 61 Memorial Drive

9 SPATIAL ANALYSIS The spatial data acquired in this research were linked attribute data used demonstrate how GIS as an analytical ol can be used answer basic generic questions in GIS FIGURE 2

10 Spatial Search Spatial search was used test database created by looking for certain attributes within Abuja, which was logically systematically defined. Query Syntax: [TRMSITE_NAME] = 'INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTE' Query for International Conference center within study area FIGURE 3

11 NETWORK ANALYSIS Network Analysis is a set interconnected lines making up a set features through which research can flow. It allows solution common network problems, such as finding best route from one registration centre settlements in study area Closest facility Analysis Closest facility is a network analysis that is used determine facilities from a current location or any location on network. Two Closest five star hotels were determined from a urist site Abuja Arts Cultural center Result closest facility analysis direction window FIGURE 4

12 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Figure 2 shows extent study area various features that were identified mapped. These include urist Sites, Five Star Hotels, Police Stations Hospitals. In figure 3, a spatial query was performed show International Conference Center. Similar queries can also be performed on database reveal urist sites interest. Figure 4 shows two closest hotels Abuja Art Culture Center based on Closest facility analysis performed. The hotels are Nicon Luxury Sheran Hotels which are 2.2km 4.2km respectively away.. CONCLUSION This research has revealed urist potentials in Abuja, Federal Capital Terriry Federal Republic Nigeria. The urist sites include physical attraction sites, cultural heritage, museum monuments. Spatial database a digital road network for decision support in urism management have been created. This spatial database created can be manipulated answer basic generic questions which can help urists, urism managers, planners, policy makers, urism industry in general achieve sustainable urism development provide better facilities services cater for needs urists environment

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