Research on the Industrial Geographic Concentration and Regional Specialization in China

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1 Advaces Socal Scece, Educato ad Humates Research, volume 85 4th Iteratoal Coferece o Maagemet Scece, Educato Techology, Arts, Socal Scece ad Ecoomcs (MSETASSE 2016) Research o the Idustral Geographc Cocetrato ad Regoal Specalzato Cha We Chao1 Ca Ax2 Su Yafe3 1. Departmet of Face, Guagdog Uversty of Scece ad Techology, Doggua , Cha; 23. School of Ecoomcs ad Maagemet, Cha Uversty of Geosceces (Wuha), Wuha , Cha Keywords: Idustral Cocetrato, Specalzato, Idustral Structure; Abstract: The dustral dvso of labor ad geographcal cocetrato s the key factor to affect ad determe the dustral layout ad dustral optmzato of Cha. Collectg 2014 Chese dustres the provcal spatal data dstrbuto, to study Cha's dustral geography cocetrato ad the degree of regoal specalzato, ad for the Chese optmzato of dustral layout ad promote dustral developmet to provde polcy recommedatos. Itroducto The measuremet of dustral geographc cocetrato ad regoal specalzato s a basc theme the emprcal aalyss of regoal ecoomy. Idustral geographc cocetrato s the measuremet that dustry the dstrbuto of the geographcal elemets of the mbalace. The more ueve spatal dstrbuto of a dustry, whch meas a large share of the dustry are cocetrated a few areas, the hgher the degree of geographcal cocetrato. Regoal specalzato s a measure of the ueve dstrbuto of regoal ecoomc actvtes dfferet dustres. The proporto of each dustry's total ecoomc actvty a rego s a bg dfferece, whch meas that all ecoomc actvtes the rego focus o a small umber of dustres, the rego's professoal level s hgher. I fact, the ubalaced of the dustral geographc cocetrato ad spatal dstrbuto s the two sdes of a co. Therefore, t s geerally used to measure the spatal dstrbuto of the dcators to measure the dustral geographc cocetrato, such as the G coeffcet, etc.. As far as the spatal dstrbuto of dustry s ot balaced, t reflects the proporto of each spatal ut a certa dustry. Accordg to the uderstadg of the expectatos of dfferet levels, there are two cases amed "absolute geographcal cocetrato" ad "relatve geographcal cocetrato". "Absolute geographcal cocetrato" that the proporto of the space ut s ot dfferet from the expected level. If there s N space ut, the N ut s expected to be the level of 1/. I fact ths s ot approprate, the total ecoomc sze of each rego s dfferet, so t s expected that they ca accommodate a certa dfferece the dustry share. Assumg 10% for the total ecoomc scale Zhejag accouted for the proporto of the total sze of the ecoomy, of course, we expect ts textle dustry accouted for the etre textle dustry (.e. all the provces of the textle dustry ad the proporto for 10%); f 1% total ecoomc scale Tbet accouted for the proporto of the total sze of the ecoomy. We of course hope ts textle dustry accouted for the proporto of the textle dustry as a whole s oly 1%. So from the relatve sese, Zhejag the textle dustry accouted for 10% of Tbet the textle dustry accouted for Copyrght 2016, the Authors. Publshed by Atlats Press. Ths s a ope access artcle uder the CC BY-NC lcese ( 1626

2 Advaces Socal Scece, Educato ad Humates Research, volume 85 more tha 1% of ts expected value, so the two s o dfferece. But the absolute sese, there are sgfcat dffereces betwee the two, may come to the cocluso that the textle dustry Zhejag has cocetrated. Ths s because the absolute sese that Zhejag ad Tbet the expected proporto s 1 / 31 ( 31 provces, Hog Kog, Macao ad Tawa excluded), ad Zhejag the textle dustry accouted for 10% hgher tha the level of expectato, ad Tbet the textle dustry accouted for more tha 1% less tha the level of hope. I cosderato of ths, ths artcle wll use the relatve geographcal cocetrato method to measure the degree of Cha's dustral geographc cocetrato, order to elmate the dfferece caused by the ecoomc gap betwee the provces of the absolute geographc cocetrato. Materals ad Methods G coeffcet s commoly used to measure the data dstrbuto dversty dex, the value of area surrouded by Lorez curve ad the 45 degree le ad the sosceles rght agled tragle area rato, value betwee 0 ad 1, ts value that bgger data dfferece s bgger, ts value s more smaller to show smaller dffereces the data. G Coeffcet Locato s o the bass of the G coeffcet, addg spatal dstrbuto characterstcs, the measure of ecoomc actvty the geographcal space dstrbuto s ot balaced degree. Its formula s: 1 G = 2 x x j (a) 2 x =1 j =1 x = I formula (a), whe xj for the orgal data, or whe X X k (that s x = cr, at ths crk 1 X X / x = x= cr, Z for ), for the absolute G coeffcet. At that tme x = tme, that s Z / Z each geographcal ut of all ecoomc actvtes of the scale dex, for the relatve coeffcet of G. The relatve G coeffcet cotrols the overall sze of the geographcal ut, ad s qute reasoable. The value of Gee coeffcet rages from 0 to (1-1/), the hgher the value of the value, the hgher the degree of cocetrato. Results Accordg to the relatve locato of the G coeffcet of the calculato formula to calculate the cocetrato of Cha's dustry, the results show fgure 1: 1627

3 Advaces Socal Scece, Educato ad Humates Research, volume 85 Fgure 1 Cha dustral cocetrato relatve G coeffcet hstogram From Fgure 1 ca be foud, The G coeffcet of metal products dustry relatve s mmum(0.2797). Back tur s food maufacturg(0.3042), chemcal materals ad chemcal products maufacturg dustry(0.3099), beverage maufacturg dustry(0.3142), prtg ad record medum copy(0.3188). Vsble geeral lfe ad lght dustral goods dustry cocetrato s relatvely low, the spatal dstrbuto of the relatve equlbrum, show that Chese provces of ther ow provce lght dustry supply relatve equlbrum ca be bascally acheve self-suffcecy. The relatve G coeffcet of waste of resources ad waste materals back of the processg dustry s hghest(0.7262), followed by statoery ad sports goods maufacturg(0.6963), wood processg, bamboo, cae, palm, ad straw products dustry(0.6664), leather ad fur, feather ad related products maufacturg(0.6633), petroleum processg ad cokg ad uclear fuel processg(0.6101). I geeral, the dustral cocetrato of hgh tech maufacturg dustry s relatvely hgh, ad ts spatal dstrbuto s relatvely cocetrated. O the oe had, the reaso s due to certa areas of resource costrats, o the other had s due to techcal lmtatos or early accumulato of sustaable effects ad dstace. Leads to the degree of dustral cocetrato further mproved, for the resources edowmet ad lead to dustry dffereces betwee terveto effect s ot sgfcat. However, the state ca crease supply ad ad for educato, techology ad the developmet of dustry more balaced. Dscusso The measuremet of regoal specalzato level ad the dex of dustral geographc cocetrato have certa smlarty, whch are to measured data dfferet uts. The dfferece betwee them les the fact that the data s dfferet from the overall ut of data. I the dustral geographc cocetrato measuremet, the overall data for all ecoomc actvty a dustral scale, segmetato overall ut of the data for the total area of each sub rego; the measuremet of regoal specalzato, the overall data for all ecoomc actvty a sub regoal scale, 1628

4 Advaces Socal Scece, Educato ad Humates Research, volume 85 segmetato ut of the overall data costtute the major dustry of all ecoomc actvty the sub rego. Because of the computg dustry geographc cocetrato dex ad calculatg the local specalzato dex are the same prcple. Therefore, used to calculate the dustral geographc cocetrato dex accordg to type(a) accordg to the classfcato of area calculato the relatve balace of the dustry level, ca be used to calculatg the level of regoal specalzato. By usg the relatve Gee coeffcet, the degree of specalzato Cha s measured, ad the results are show Fgure 2. Fgure 2 Cha regoal specalzato relatve Gee coeffcet radar chart From Fgure 2 ca be foud, the Tbet Regoal Specalzato relatve G coeffcet of the hghest (0.8607) ad subsequetly tur s Gasu (0.7391), Qgha (0.7109), Yua (0.6565), Xjag (0.6307) that dustral structure these regos the mbalace, whch wll serously affected the coordated developmet of the area, also the root causes of the area has log lagged behd other regos. Istead, Jagsu's regoal specalzato relatve G coeffcet s mmum (0.2686) ad subsequetly tur s Shadog (0.2782), Taj (0.2980), Hea (0.3213), Ahu (0.3253) that these areas of the dustral structure to balace, the dustry the regoal allocato of reasoably uform dstrbuto, whch wll also these areas the future developmet lay a sold foudato, so the future have more favorable codtos for the developmet of. Therefore, Cha should pay more atteto to for the remote ad backward areas of dustry support, from the captal, techology, polcy, persoel ad educato gve a certa tlt, help the balaced allocato of dustres whle developg the dustry's ow reproducto ad developmet ablty, thus fudametally help them out of poverty ad rch, harmoous developmet. 1629

5 Advaces Socal Scece, Educato ad Humates Research, volume 85 Coclusos For of above Cha Idustral geographc cocetrato ad problems exstg the regoal specalzato, t s recommeded to speed up the trasformato ad upgradg of tradtoal dustres; to promote the healthy developmet of strategc emergg dustres ad advaced maufacturg dustry; promote the servce dustry especally the developmet of moder servce dustry ad growth; reasoable layout of frastructure facltes ad basc dustres; developmet of moder formato techology dustral system, promote the coordated developmet of medum ad small mcro eterprse; balaced cofgurato of the dustry the rego; the regoal dustral portfolo optmzato, promote dustral upgradg; focus o support backward areas behd the dustry, accelerate the ovato the upgradg of the dustry's ablty to drve. Refereces [1] Cafe, Pa Feghua. Geographcal cocetrato of dustres, dustral agglomerato ad dustral cluster: Measuremet ad detfcato [J]. Progress geography, 2007,02:1-13. [2] Wag Yeqag, We We. Idustral characterstcs, spatal competto ad geographc cocetrato of maufacturg dustry: Emprcal Evdece from Cha [J]. maagemet world, 2007,04: [3] Lu Chuxa. Research o the measuremet method of dustral geographc cocetrato [J]. ecoomc geography, 2006,05: [4] Yua Yua Weg, Gao Rux. Rao Weju. Regoal specalzato ad geographc cocetrato of dustres of comparatve study [J]. Research o ecoomcs ad maagemet, 2009,04: [5] Goofy. Theoretcal aalyss ad applcato of dustral geographc cocetrato [J]. Najg socal scece, 2002,01: Itroduce Chao We(1984-), male, Ha atoalty, Wuha Hube, Lecturer, Departmet of Face, Guagdog Uversty Of Scece Ad Techology, doctoral studets, School of Ecoomcs ad Maagemet, Cha Uversty Of Geosceces wuha. The ma research drecto s the coordated developmet of Hgher Educato Ax Ca(1993-), female, Ha atoalty, Hegshu Hebe, postgraduate, School of Ecoomcs ad Maagemet, Cha Uversty Of Geosceces wuha. Research drecto s regoal ecoomy. Yafe Su(1993-), male, Ha atoalty, Yogcheg Hebe, postgraduate, School of Ecoomcs ad Maagemet, Cha Uversty Of Geosceces wuha. Research drecto s regoal ecoomy. 1630