Electrochemistry LEC Potentiometric ph titration (phosphoric acid in a soft drink) What you need: What you can learn about
|
|
- Alfred Dalton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Electrochemistry LEC 06 What you can learn about Galvanic cell Types of electrodes Nernst equation Potentiometry Principle and tasks The cell voltage and the Galvani voltage of the electrodes of an galvanic cell are dependent upon the concentration of the ions involved in the potential forming process. Measuring the change of the cell voltage in the titrations of phosphoric acid and a beverage containing phosphoric acid (E 338) conclusions can be made about the beverage s acid content. What you need: Set automatic titration with Cobra3 Chem-Unit Glass beaker, 50 ml, tall Volumetric flask, 100 ml Volumetric pipette, 5 ml Volumetric pipette, 50 ml Graduated pipette, 1 ml Pipette dish Pipettor Wash bottle, 500 ml Ortho-phosphoric acid, 85%, 250 ml Caustic soda solution, 0.1 M, 1000 ml Buffer solution, ph 4.62, 1000 ml Buffer solution, ph 7.01, 1000 ml Buffer solution, ph 9.00, 1000 ml Water, distilled, 5 l PC, Windows XP or higher Titration curve of a beverage containing phosphoric acid. with Cobra3 Chem-Unit 88 Laboratory Experiments Chemistry PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG D Göttingen
2 LEC Related concepts Galvanic cell, types of electrodes, Galvani voltage, cell voltage, Nernst equation, potentiometry, volumetry. Principle The cell voltage and the Galvani voltage of the electrodes of an galvanic cell are dependent upon the concentration of the ions involved in the potential forming process. Thus, conclusions can be made about the concentration of the ions to be investigated from the measured cell voltage at a constant potential of a suitable reference electrode (potentiometric titration). Tasks Using the Cobra3-System, measure the change in the cell voltage in the titration of a) diluted phosphoric acid with 0.1 molar sodium hydroxide solution b) a sample of a carbonated beverage (Cola) containing phosphoric acid (E 338) with 0.1 molar sodium hydroxide solution and calculate the beverage s phosphoric acid content from the consumption of the standard solution. Equipment Set automatic titration with Cobra3 Chem-Unit Glass beaker, 50 ml, tall Volumetric flask, 100 ml Volumetric pipette, 5 ml Volumetric pipette, 50 ml Graduated pipette, 1 ml Pipette dish Pipettor Wash bottle, 500 ml Ortho-phosphoric acid, 85 %, 250 ml Caustic soda solution, 0.1 M, 1000 ml Buffer solution, ph 4.62, 1000 ml Buffer solution, ph 7.01, 1000 ml Buffer solution, ph 9.00, 1000 ml Water, distilled, 5 l PC, Windows 95 or higher Fig. 1. Experimental set-up. PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Chemistry PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D Göttingen 1
3 LEC Set-up and procedure Set up the experiment as shown in Fig. 1. Prepare the solutions required for the experiment as follows: 0.08 molar H 3 solution: Pipette 0.55 ml of 85% phosphoric acid into a 100 ml volumetric flask and make up to the mark with distilled water. Soft drink containing phosphoric acid: Pour approximately 150 ml of the soft drink into a 250 ml beaker. Place the beaker on the magnetic stirrer and heat it carefully to remove dissolved carbon dioxide. Allow to cool to room temperature. Connect the control input of the motor piston burette to the TTLoutput of the Cobra3 Chem-Unit with the cable supplied for this particular purpose. Connect the ph electrode to the ph-input, and the temperature probe to temperature input T1. Call up the Measure programme in Windows and enter <Chem-Unit> as measuring instrument. Set the measurement parameters as shown in Fig. 2. In <Preferences> under <ph/potential> select <Potential> as mode and <mv> as unit. In menu prompt <Displays> set the display range to mv. Set Digital display 1 to <Potential>, and select, under Diagrams, <Line diagram> for Diagram 1, <Potential> for Diagram 1a, and for the display range <0-10 ml> and <no auto range>. Confirm your entries with <OK>. Now calibrate your ph electrode using two buffers. To do this, enter the appropriate ph value in <ph / Potential> under the menu point <Calibrate>, dip the electrode into the buffer and save with <Calibrate>. To calibrate the temperature sensor, either balance it against a temperature measured with a thermometer, or with the level of a temperature probe connected to T2 or T3. After having made all settings, press <Continue> to reach the field for the recording of measured values. Arrange the displays as you want them. Measure the potentials of the two buffers used above and a further one, in each case immersing the electrode in the buffer and recording the value that is shown in the display. Fill 100 to 150 ml of water into a 250 ml glass beaker, add a magnetic stirrer bar and place the beaker on the magnetic stirrer. Pipette 5 ml of 0.08 molar phosphoric acid into the beaker. Cut the rubber stopper with central hole lengthwise from one side to the hole and fit the temperature probe into it. Fix the dispensing tip of the motor piston burette, together with the ph electrode and the temperature probe, in the electrode holder. The sensing diaphragm of the ph electrode must be covered by the solution. Adjust the magnetic stirrer to a medium stirring speed and start the measurement with <Start measurement>. The first measurement (for V = 0.0) is immediately recorded. Following this, the motor piston burette dispenses the first portion of sodium hydroxide solution. The titration now proceeds according to the parameters that have been set, and is automatically stopped after the addition of 10 ml of sodium hydroxide solution. On completion of the series of measurements, save the data with <File><Save measurement as...>. Now titrate the soft drink containing phosphoric acid. To do this, pipette 60 ml of the prepared soft drink into the 250 ml glass beaker, add approximately 100 ml of distilled water and a stirrer bar, place the beaker on the magnetic stirrer, fix the burette tip and ph electrode in position and carry out the titration and saving of data exactly as above. Figs. 3 and 4 show the graphs as they can be presented when the measurement is stopped. Fig. 3: Cell voltage U and ph value as a function of the volume of added standard solution for the titration of an approximately 0.08 molar phosphoric acid with a 0.1 molar sodium hydroxide solution. Follow the operating instructions supplied with the motor piston burette to fill it with 0.1 molar sodium hydroxide solution. Set the motor piston burette to <Dosing>, <nom.vol. = 0.2 ml> and <Speed = 99.9 ml/min>. Fig. 2: Measurement parameters Fig. 4: Titration diagram of the neutralisation of a beverage containing phosphoric acid (V = 50 ml) with a 0.1 molar sodium hydroxide solution. 2 PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Chemistry PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D Göttingen
4 LEC Theory and evaluation The titration curves recorded show the cell voltage U as a function of the volume of sodium hydroxide solution added. To obtain the relationship between voltage and ph, plot the potentials measured for the three buffers against their ph values. ph of the buffer Voltage measured mv mv mv With the help of the best straight line through the three measured points and the equation for a straight line f(x) = ax + b (with a = ph / U and b = ph at U = 0 mv), you can have the diagram for the corresponding ph values calculated with <Channel modification> under menu prompt Analysis. For this, set the parameters as given in Fig. 5. The ph measurement is therefore a potentiometric measurement. It can only be carried out, when the potential of the indicator electrode is measured against that of a reference electrode. Both electrodes are contained in single-rod ph measuring systems. A glass electrode is used as the indicator electrode. When this is immersed in an aqueous solution, a swelling layer (gel) is formed at the ph sensitive glass membrane. This also occurs at the inner side of the membrane, which is in contact with a defined buffer solution, commonly of ph 7. According to the ph of the test solution, hydronium ions diffuse either out of, or into, the outer swelling layer, whereby the potential of this layer changes. The ph, and so also the potential, of the inner side of the glass membrane remains constant while this occurs. With regard to the pick-up electrode, the same system is chosen as for the reference electrode (AgCl), so that the potential difference between the two electrodes is equal to zero. The voltage measured with the single-rod measuring system therefore results from the potential difference between the inside and outside swelling layers of the glass electrode. When the system is dipped into a test solution of ph 7, then a potential of 0 mv should be given, as the inner potential is equal to the outer potential. Theoretically, when the ph changes by a single unit, the voltage should change by mv. This can be calculated using the Nernst equation, which is as follows for hydrogen: Two equivalence points can be clearly seen in the titration curve for pure phosphoric acid. They correspond to the following dissociation equilibria: H 3 + Na + + OH - S H Na + + H 2 O H Na + + OH - S H 2- + Na + + H 2 O The second equivalence point is only weakly shown in the titration curve for the soft drink. This is because, in addition to phosphoric acid, further acids are present here which also take part in the titration with sodium hydroxide solution and exert a buffering effect in the region of the second equivalence point. A knowledge of the first equivalence point suffices for the calculation of the quantity of phosphoric acid contained in the soft drink. The concentration c 2, and so the content m 2 of acid-forming substance in the sample of volume V 2, can be calculated from the corresponding consumption V 1 of standard solution of known concentration c 1. where M c 1 V 1 = c 2 V 2 = m 2 / M 2 Molar mass of phosphoric acid (= 98 g/mol) Data and results The first point of inflection of the titration curve gives V 1 =3.34 ml NaOH, from which a phosphoric acid concentration c 2 = can be calculated, and from this a content of m = mg H 3 in the volume of the sample tested (V 2 =50ml). A 1.5 l bottle of the soft drink tested therefore contains mg of phosphoric acid. Fig. 5: Parameters of the channel modification E = E o RT/F log a (H + ) where E 0 = 0 log a (H + ) log c(h + ) = - ph 2.3 RT/F = mv (at T = K) From this it follows that: E = mv ph T R F Absolute temperature Universal gas constant Faraday constant This rise in the ph-characteristic line is called the slope of the single-rod ph measuring system. The slope of real ph measuring systems deviates like the zero point from the theoretical value given by the Nernst equation. You can have the equivalence point calculated with <Detect point of equivalence> under menu prompt <Analysis>. PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Chemistry PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D Göttingen 3
5 LEC 4 PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Chemistry PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D Göttingen
Titration of a strong acid with a strong base with Cobra4
Titration of a strong acid with a strong base with Cobra4 TEC Related topics Strong and weak acids and bases, ph value, titration curves, equivalence point, potentiometry. Principle Hydrochloric acid is
More information12.01 Determination of the isoelectric point of an amino acid (glycine)
Biochemistry LEB 12 Determination of the isoelectric point of an amino acid (glycine) What you can learn about Isoelectric point Acidic anions Basic cations Zwitterions Equivalence (inflection) points
More informationElectrochemistry. Conductivity of strong and weak electrolytes LEC 06. What you need: What you can learn about. Principle and tasks
LEC 06 Electrochemistry What you can learn about Kohlrausch s law Equivalent conductivity Temperature-dependence of conductivity Ostwald s dilution law Principle and tasks It is possible to differentiate
More informationRelated concepts Electrolyte, electrical conductance, specific conductance, ion mobility, ion conductivity, conductometry, volumetry.
Conductometric titration with Cobra4 TEC Related concepts Electrolyte, electrical conductance, specific conductance, ion mobility, ion conductivity, conductometry, volumetry. Principle The electric conductivity
More informationTEC. Titration curves and buffering capacity with Cobra4
Related concept Strong and weak electrolytes, hydrolysis, dissociation of water, amphoteric electrolytes, isoelectric point, law of mass action, indicators, glass electrode, activity coefficient, buffering
More informationChemical Kinetics. Reaction rate and activation energy of the acid hydrolysis of ethyl acetate LEC 05. What you need: What you can learn about
LEC 05 Chemical Kinetics Reaction rate and activation energy of the acid hydrolysis What you can learn about Reaction rate Rate law for first and second order reactions Reactions with pseudo-order Arrhenius
More informationElectrochemistry LEC 06. The Nernst equation. What you need: What you can learn about. Principle and tasks
Electrochemistry LEC 06 What you can learn about Electrode potentials and their concentration dependence Redox electrodes Electrochemical cells What you need: Principle and tasks expresses how the electrical
More informationThermochemistry/Calorimetry. Determination of the enthalpy of vaporization of liquids LEC 02. What you need: What you can learn about
LEC 02 Thermochemistry/Calorimetry Determination of the enthalpy of vaporization of liquids What you can learn about Enthalpy of vaporisation Entropy of vaporisation Trouton s rule Calorimetry Heat capacity
More information# 12 ph-titration of Strong Acids with Strong Bases
# 12 ph-titration of Strong Acids with Strong Bases Purpose: A strong acid solution is titrated with a strong base solution. A titration curve is then used to determine the endpoint and find the concentration
More informationPotentiometric measurement of ph
Potentiometric measurement of ph Determination of ph can be done by simple colorimetric methods using acid-base indicators (ph test strips). Nevertheless, the precision of such methods is mostly insufficient.
More informationDetermination of the K a of a Weak Acid and the K b of a Weak Base from ph Measurements
Experiment 6 Determination of the K a of a Weak Acid and the K b of a Weak Base from ph Measurements Pre-Lab Assignment Before coming to lab: Read the lab thoroughly. Answer the pre-lab questions that
More informationMercaptan Sulfur in Gasoline and Kerosene Aviation Turbine and Distillate Fuels
Application Note Mercaptan Sulfur in Gasoline and Kerosene Aviation Turbine and Distillate Fuels USING ASTM D 3227 Introduction For the determination of mercaptan sulfur in a range from 3 mg/kg 100 mg/kg.
More informationph Titration of H 3 PO 4 Mixtures Calculation of K 1, K 2, and K 3
ph Titration of H 3 PO 4 Mixtures Calculation of K 1, K 2, and K 3 Purpose In this experiment the titration of pure H 3 PO 4 and H 3 PO 4 with HCl or NaH 2 PO 4 is followed by measuring the ph of the solution
More informationMERCAPTAN SULFUR IN GASOLINE & KEROSENE AVIATION TURBINE & DISTILLATE FUELS USING ASTM D3227
MERCAPTAN SULFUR IN GASOLINE & KEROSENE AVIATION TURBINE & DISTILLATE FUELS USING ASTM D3227 Titration Application Use For the determination of mercaptan sulfur in a range from 3 mg/kg 100 mg/kg. Required
More informationDetermination of the Equivalent Weight and the K a or K b for a Weak Acid or Base
INTRODUCTION Determination of the Equivalent Weight and the K a or K b for a Weak Acid or Base Chemists frequently make use of the equivalent weight (eq. wt.) as the basis for volumetric calculations.
More informationStandardizing a Solution of Sodium Hydroxide. Evaluation copy
Standardizing a Solution of Sodium Hydroxide Computer 6 It is often necessary to test a solution of unknown concentration with a solution of a known, precise concentration. The process of determining the
More informationAcid-Base Titration. Volume NaOH (ml) Figure 1
LabQuest 24 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment, you will titrate hydrochloric acid solution,
More information#13 ph-titration of Weak Acids with Strong Bases
#13 ph-titration of Weak Acids with Strong Bases Purpose: A weak acid solution is titrated with a strong base solution. A titration curve is then used to identify the unknown acid and to find its concentration.
More informationMechanics. Surface tension by the ring method (Du Nouy method) Mechanics of Liquids and Gaseous Bodies. What you need:
Mechanics of Liquids and Gaseous Bodies Mechanics Surface tension by the ring method (Du Nouy method) What you can learn about Surface energy Interface Surface tension Adhesion Critical point Eötvös equation
More informationDetermination of the Equivalent Weight and Ionization Constant of a Weak Acid
Determination of the Equivalent Weight and Ionization Constant of a Weak Acid Introduction: The object of this experiment will be to determine the ionization constant, K a, and the equivalent weight of
More informationiworx Sample Lab Experiment GB-2: Membrane Permeability
Experiment GB-2: Membrane Permeability Exercise 1: Movement of Small Positive Ions Across a Membrane Aim: To determine if small, positively charged, hydrogen ions can move across a membrane from a region
More informationMeasurements with Ion Selective Electrodes: Determination of Fluoride in Toothpaste
Experiment ISE: Measurements with Ion Selective Electrodes: Determination of Fluoride in Toothpaste 67 You have been hired by the government to check the fluoride concentration labelling on some major
More informationAcid-Base Titration. Computer OBJECTIVES
Acid-Base Titration Computer 7 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution that is needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment, your goal is to
More informationK a Acid Dissociation Constant Minneapolis Community and Technical College Principles of Chemistry II, C1152 v.9.13
K a Acid Dissociation Constant Minneapolis Community and Technical College Principles of Chemistry II, C1152 v.9.13 I. Introduction Acetic Acid Monoprotic acetic acid, CH 3 COOH is sometimes written as
More informationfor a Weak Acid 1-ring stand stir plate and stir bar ph Probe ml burette 1-50 ml and ml beaker Drop counter ph 7.00 buffer 0.
Exercise 4 Page 1 Illinois Central College CHEMISTRY 132 Name: Determination of for a Weak Acid Equipment Objectives 1-ring stand stir plate and stir bar ph Probe 1-25.00 ml burette 1-50 ml and 1-250 ml
More informationExperiment 7 Buffer Capacity & Buffer Preparation
Chem 1B Dr. White 57 Experiment 7 Buffer Capacity & Buffer Preparation Objectives To learn how to choose a suitable conjugate acid- base pair for making a buffer of a given ph To gain experience in using
More informationKa Acid Dissociation Constant Minneapolis Community and Technical College Principles of Chemistry II, C1152 v.1.16
Ka Acid Dissociation Constant Minneapolis Community and Technical College Principles of Chemistry II, C1152 v.1.16 I. Introduction Monoprotic acetic acid, CH 3 COOH is sometimes written as HCH 3 COO, HC
More informationTable of Contents. Purpose... 2 Background... 2 Prelab Questions... 3 Procedure:... 3 Calculations:... 4
Table of Contents Purpose... 2 Background... 2 Prelab Questions... 3 Procedure:... 3 Calculations:... 4 CHM 212 Experiment 4 Determination of the Ka of Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate (KHP) Using a Gran Plot
More informationExperiment 8 and 9 Weak Acids and Bases: Exploring the Nature of Buffers
Experiment 8 and 9 Weak Acids and Bases: Exploring the Nature of Buffers Pre-Laboratory Assignments Reading: Textbook Chapter 16 Chapter 17:1-3 This Laboratory Handout Pre-Laboratory Assignments: Complete
More informationTitration of Acids and Bases
Exercise 3 Page 1 Illinois Central College CHEMISTRY 132 Titration of Acids and Bases Name: Equipment 1-25 ml burette 1-pH electrode 1-50 and 1-150 ml beaker 1-stir plate and stir bar 1-Vernier Interface
More informationChemistry Determination of Mixed Acids
Chemistry 3200 Acid-base titration is one of the most common operations in analytical chemistry. A solution containing an unknown amount of ionizable hydrogen can be titrated with a solution of standard
More informationThis lab will be conducted in groups but the lab report must be completed and submitted individually.
CHM 106 Potentiometric Titration of Phosphoric Acid BACKGROUND Potentiometric titrations are a useful method of determining unknown concentrations in many different types of chemical systems. They may
More informationDetermining the K sp of Calcium Hydroxide
Determining the K sp of Calcium Hydroxide (Titration Method) Computer 23 Calcium hydroxide is an ionic solid that is sparingly soluble in water. A saturated, aqueous, solution of Ca(OH) 2 is represented
More informationPOTENTIOMETRIC TITRATIONS & SOLUBILITY EQUILIBRIA
POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATIONS & SOLUBILITY EQUILIBRIA Introduction In this experiment, students will familiarize themselves with potentiometric titration, practice using the first derivative to find the equivalence
More informationExperiment 8 Introduction to Volumetric Techniques I. Objectives
Experiment 8 Introduction to Volumetric Techniques I Objectives 1. To learn the proper technique to use a volumetric pipette. 2. To learn the proper technique to use a volumetric flask. 3. To prepare a
More information6 Acid Base Titration
E x p e r i m e n t Acid Base Titration Experiment : http://genchemlab.wordpress.com/-titration/ objectives To understand the concept of titration. To explain the difference between the analyte and standard
More informationFreezing point depression (Item No.: P )
Freezing point depression (Item No.: P3021101) Curricular Relevance Area of Expertise: Chemistry Education Level: University Topic: General Chemistry Subtopic: Solutions and Mixtures Experiment: Freezing
More informationAcid-Base Titration. Evaluation copy
Acid-Base Titration Computer 7 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution that is needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment, your goal is to
More informationElectricity. Electrolysis. Current and the transport of charge DETERMINATION OF THE FARADAY CONSTANT BASIC PRINCIPLES
Electricity Current and the transport of charge Electrolysis DETERMINATION OF THE FARADAY CONSTANT Production of hydrogen by means of electrolysis and determining the volume of the hydrogen V. Determining
More informationDetermination of fluorides in aqueous samples using membrane, ion selective electrode (ISE)
Determination of fluorides in aqueous samples using membrane, ion selective electrode (ISE) (dr hab. inż. Andrzej Wasik, Gdańsk 2016) The aim of this laboratory exercise is to familiarise students with
More informationPOTENTIOMETRIC TITRATIONS & SOLUBILITY EQUILIBRIA. Background
POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATIONS & SOLUBILITY EQUILIBRIA Background In this experiment, students will familiarize themselves with potentiometric titration, practice using the first derivative to find the equivalence
More informationDetermination of fluorides in aqueous samples using membrane, ion selective electrode (ISE)
Determination of fluorides in aqueous samples using membrane, ion selective electrode (ISE) (dr hab. inż. Andrzej Wasik, Gdańsk 2016) The aim of this laboratory exercise is to familiarise students with
More informationExperiment 7. Determining the Rate Law and Activation Energy for the Reaction of Crystal Violet with Hydroxide Ion
Experiment 7. Determining the Rate Law and Activation Energy for the Reaction of Introduction In this experiment, you will observe the reaction between crystal violet and sodium hydroxide. Crystal violet
More informationDistribution equilibrium
Distribution equilibrium TEC Related concepts Principles of thermodynamics; partial molar free enthalpy (chemical potential); equilibrium between phases; distribution and extraction; Nernst distribution
More informationO H 3 O 1 1 A. O 1 1 OH (K w
CHAPTER 8 Acid Base Titration Curves Objectives The objectives of this experiment are to: Understand the titration curves for the following solutions: a strong acid: hydrochloric acid, HCl. a weak acid:
More informationStandardization of a Primary Standard & Determination of Concentration by Acid-Base Titration
Standardization of a Primary Standard & Determination of Concentration by Acid-Base Titration It is often necessary to test a solution of unknown concentration with a solution of a known, precise concentration.
More informationBuffer Preparation. Learning Objectives:
Proteomics Buffer Preparation Buffer Preparation Maintaining the optimum ph during the biological sample processing is to maintain the proper functional and structural aspects of the sample. It is important
More informationChemistry 143 Experiment #11 Acid Base Titration Dr. Caddell. Titrating Acid
Titrating Acid In this lab you will first determine the concentration of sodium hydroxide in a stock solution that you prepare. You will then use that stock sodium hydroxide solution to titrate a solution
More informationTex-620-J, Determining Chloride and Sulfate Contents in Soil
Contents in Soil Contents: Section 1 Overview...2 Section 2 Sample Preparation...3 Section 3 Ion Chromatography Method...5 Section 4 Wet Chemical Method...9 Section 5 Archived Versions...15 Texas Department
More informationVolumetric analysis involving acids and alkalis
Chapter 19 Volumetric analysis involving acids and alkalis 19.1 Standard solutions 19.2 Acid-alkali titrations 19.3 Calculations on volumetric analysis 19.4 Writing a laboratory report on volumetric analysis
More informationAnalysis of cations and anions by Ion- Selective Electrodes (ISEs)
Analysis of cations and anions by Ion- Selective Electrodes (ISEs) Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to introduce potentiometric measurements of ionic species by ion selective electrodes (ISEs)
More informationPartner: Alisa 1 March Preparation and Properties of Buffer Solutions
Partner: Alisa 1 March 2012 Preparation and Properties of Buffer Solutions Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to compare the ph effect on buffered and non-buffered solutions as well as making a
More informationChemistry 143 Acid Base Titration Dr. Caddell. Titrating Acid
Titrating Acid In this lab you will first determine the concentration of sodium hydroxide in a stock solution that you prepare. You will then use that stock sodium hydroxide solution to titrate a solution
More informationChemistry with Mr. Faucher. Acid-Base Titration
Chemistry with Mr. Faucher Name Date Acid-Base Titration 24 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment,
More informationEXPERIMENT 7- SAPONIFICATION RATE OF TERT- BUTYL CHLORIDE
1 THEORY EXPERIMENT 7- SAPONIFICATION RATE OF TERT- BUTYL CHLORIDE The field of chemical kinetics is concerned with the rate or speed at which a chemical reaction occurs. Knowledge of a chemical reaction
More informationPRACTICAL 3 ph AND BUFFERS
PRACTICAL 3 ph AND BUFFERS ph and Buffers Structure 3.1 Introduction 3.2 ph and Buffers: Basic Concept 3.2.1 ph 3.2.2 Buffers and Buffer Solutions 3.3 Methods for Determining ph Experiment 1: Measurement
More informationThermochemistry/Calorimetry. Determination of the enthalpy of combustion with a calorimetric bomb LEC 02. What you need:
LEC 02 Thermochemistry/Calorimetry with a calorimetric bomb What you can learn about 1st law of thermodynamics Hess law Enthalpy of combustion Enthalpy of formation Heat capacity Principle and tasks The
More informationConductometric Titration & Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate
Conductometric Titration & Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate Experiment 9 In this experiment, you will monitor conductivity during the reaction between sulfuric acid, H2SO4, and barium hydroxide,
More informationNCERT. [H O] Since water is in large excess, its concentration can be assumed to be constant and combining it with K provides a new constant K w
UNIT-5 PH AND PH CHANGE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS YOU have already performed experiments on dynamic equilibrium between unionised salt and the ions produced by it on dissolving in a solvent. In this unit we
More informationexperiment7 Explaining the difference between analyte and standard solutions. Know the definition of equivalence point.
93 experiment7 Determining an Unknown Concentration Understanding the concept of titration. LECTURE AND LAB SKILLS EMPHASIZED Explaining the difference between analyte and standard solutions. Know the
More informationH + [ ] [ ] H + NH 3 NH 4. = poh + log HB +
Titration Lab: Determination of a pk a for an Acid and for a Base Theory A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a substance that ionizes in solution (usually aqueous, but it doesn t have to be, ammonia is often used
More informationTHE IDENTIFICATION OF A SOLID ORGANIC ACID
THE IDENTIFICATIN F A SLID RGANIC ACID The volumetric procedure called a titration is a powerful tool in analytical chemistry. Not only does the process give the concentration of an unknown solution, but
More informationShown below is a sample titration curve for a diprotic acid. Note the two equivalence points.
EXPERIMENT 9 Titration Curve for a Polyprotic Acid INTRODUCTION Other than by strength and concentration, another way of classifying acids involves the number of H + ions an acid can donate. A monoprotic
More informationSt. John s College High School Mr. Trubic AP Midterm Review Packet 1
Name Date Directions: Read each question carefully and write your response in the space provided following each question. Your responses to these questions will be scored on the basis of the accuracy and
More informationThermodynamics and the Solubility of Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate
Thermodynamics and the Solubility of Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate In this experiment you, as a class, will determine the solubility of sodium tetraborate decahydrate (Na 2 B 4 O 7 10 H 2 O or Na 2 [B
More informationNeutralization Titration Package (SCS-200) ph Neutralization Titration experiment
Neutralization Titration Package (SCS-200) ph Neutralization Titration experiment We feel itching when we are bitten by insects. When insects bite human, the acidic substances are injected to human body.
More informationPrince George s Community College PL 2: CHARACTERIZATION OF A MONOPROTIC WEAK ACID BY POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATION
Prince George s Community College Name Section Partner(s) Date PL 2: CHARACTERIZATION OF A MONOPROTIC WEAK ACID BY POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATION PRE-LAB QUERIES 1. Complete the neutralization reactions given
More informationAcid-Base Titration. Sample
Acid-Base Titration Computer 7 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution that is needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment, your goal is to
More informationStoichiometry ( ) ( )
Stoichiometry Outline 1. Molar Calculations 2. Limiting Reactants 3. Empirical and Molecular Formula Calculations Review 1. Molar Calculations ( ) ( ) ( ) 6.02 x 10 23 particles (atoms or molecules) /
More informationPartial molar volumes
Related concepts Principles of thermodynamics, ideal and non-ideal behaviour of gases and liquids, volume contraction, molar and partial molar quantities. Principle Due to intermolecular interactions,
More informationExperiment C-10 Titration of a Strong Acid and a Strong Base
1 Experiment C-10 Titration of a Strong Acid and a Strong Base Objectives To study the titration process. To follow changes in the ph during the titration process while adding a strong base to a strong
More informationShe carries out two experiments.
1 A student investigates the reaction of aqueous sodium hydroxide with two different aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, solution X and solution Y. She carries out two experiments. Experiment 1 Using
More informationExperimental Procedure
Experimental Procedure Overview The ph meter is used in conjunction with a titration apparatus and a standardized sodium hydroxide solution to determine the molar concentration of a weak acid solution
More informationFlushing Out the Moles in Lab: The Reaction of Calcium Chloride with Carbonate Salts
Flushing Out the Moles in Lab: The Reaction of Calcium Chloride with Carbonate Salts Pre-lab Assignment: Reading: 1. Chapter sections 3.3, 3.4, 3.7 and 4.2 in your course text. 2. This lab handout. Questions:
More informationph Titration Curves You will need about 10 ml of ~6M NaOH solution and about 40 ml of each acid solution and about 1.5 grams of KHP.
ph Titration Curves In this experiment you will generate titration curves for the titration of a monoprotic strong acid, a monoprotic weak acid, and a diprotic weak acid. From the titration curves you
More informationH 3 O + (aq) + P 2- (aq)
PURPOSE: To standardize a solution of sodium hydroxide by titration with a primary standard, (KHC 8 H 4 O 4 ), potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHC 8 H 4 O 4 ) PRINCIPLES: Most shelf reagents, such as 0.10
More informationKa of Unknown Acid In this experiment you will determine the Ka of an unknown acid by titration with the sodium hydroxide.
Ka of Unknown Acid In this experiment you will determine the Ka of an unknown acid by titration with the sodium hydroxide. Because you will be titrating an unknown acid again, you will be using many of
More informationGETTING THE END POINT TO APPROXIMATE. Two hours
Chem 1312 Handout Experiment ONE Laboratory Time Required Special Equipment and Supplies Objective Safety First Aid GETTING THE END POINT TO APPROXIMATE THE EQUIVALENCE POINT Two hours Balance Potassium
More informationRATE LAW DETERMINATION OF CRYSTAL VIOLET HYDROXYLATION
Rate Law Determination of Crystal Violet Hydroxylation Revised 5/22/12 RATE LAW DETERMINATION OF CRYSTAL VIOLET HYDROXYLATION Adapted from "Chemistry with Computers" Vernier Software, Portland OR, 1997
More informationEXPERIMENT 6. Properties of Buffers INTRODUCTION
EXPERIMENT 6 Properties of Buffers INTRODUCTION A chemical buffer is any substance in a solution that tends to stabilize the hydronium ion concentration by neutralizing any added acid or base. Buffers
More informationREADING A. INTRODUCTION CHE425L POTENTIOMETRY WITH K + ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE. Skoog, Holler and Crouch: Chapter 23 and Appendix 3.
CHE425L POTENTIOMETRY WITH K + ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE READING Skoog, Holler and Crouch: Chapter 23 and Appendix 3. A. INTRODUCTION Potentiometry is a static electroanalytical method in which the potential
More informationSTUDYING CHEMICAL REACTIONS BY TITRATION ANALYSIS
STUDYING CHEMICAL REACTIONS BY TITRATION ANALYSIS OBJECTIVES: Study the relationship of reactants & products in solution phase chemical reactions, Learn how to prepare solutions from solid and liquid stock,
More informationGENERAL INSTRUCTIONS GENERAL PREPARATION
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS Introduction The Van London-pHoenix Company Fluoroborate Ion Selective Electrode is used to quickly, simply, accurately, and economically measure Fluoroborate in aqueous solutions.
More informationTo see how this data can be used, follow the titration of hydrofluoric acid against sodium hydroxide:
Weak Acid Titration v010516 You are encouraged to carefully read the following sections in Tro (3 rd ed.) to prepare for this experiment: Sec 4.8, pp 168-174 (Acid/Base Titrations), Sec 16.4, pp 769-783
More informationPhysical structure of matter Band gap of germanium with Cobra3. Solid-state Physics, Plasma Physics. What you need:
Physical structure of matter Solid-state Physics, Plasma Physics Band gap of germanium with Cobra3 What you can learn about Semiconductor Band theory Forbidden band Intrinsic conduction Extrinsic conduction
More informationPhysical Chemistry. LD Chemistry Leaflets. Reaction of malachite green with hydroxide ions: Influence of the concentration C4.1.3.
SW-2014-06 Physical Chemistry Reaction kinetics Influencing the reaction rate LD Chemistry Leaflets Reaction of malachite green with hydroxide ions: Influence of the concentration Aims of the experiment
More informationPhysical Structure of Matter Hall effect in p-germanium with Cobra3. Solid-state Physics, Plasma Physics.
Physical Structure of Matter Solid-state Physics, Plasma Physics Hall effect in p-germanium with Cobra3 What you can learn about Semiconductor Band theory Forbidden zone Intrinsic conductivity Extrinsic
More informationph Measurement and its Applications
ph Measurement and its Applications Objectives: To measure the ph of various solutions using indicators and ph meters. To perform a ph titration. To create and study buffer solutions. To determine the
More informationCalculation of uncertainty in titrimetry Ivan Špánik
Calculation of uncertainty in titrimetry Ivan Špánik Problem A solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is standardised against a solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The NaOH is titrated against the titrimetric
More informationLab #3 ph and Buffers
Page1 Lab #3 ph and Objectives: Learn to construct a proper data table and line graph Understand how the ph scale works Use a ph meter to measure the ph of common household substances Understand the meaning
More informationGENERAL INSTRUCTIONS GENERAL PREPARATION
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS Introduction The Van London-pHoenix Company Ammonium Ion Selective Electrode is used to quickly, simply, accurately, and economically measure potassium in aqueous solutions. Required
More informationphoenix Electrode Company CARBON DIOXIDE GAS-SENSING ELECTRODE INSTRUCTION MANUAL 1. A ph/mv meter or an ion meter, either line operated or portable.
phoenix Electrode Company CARBON DIOXIDE GAS-SENSING ELECTRODE INSTRUCTION MANUAL GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS Introduction The phoenix Electrode Company Carbon Dioxide Gas-Sensing Electrode is used to quickly,
More information[Agilent Technologies] [Electrochemistry Products] Quick Reference
Overview Using I9121 Ammonia Gas Sensing Probe on 3200I/M This document demonstrates how to use I 9121 Ammonia Gas Sensing Probe on 3200I or 3200 M to measure pn or the concentration of [NH 4 + ]. Applied
More informationConductimetric Titration and Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate
Conductimetric Titration and Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate LabQuest 16 In this experiment, you will monitor conductivity during the reaction between sulfuric acid, H 2 SO 4, and barium hydroxide,
More informationThermochemistry/Calorimetry LEC Heat capacity of gases. What you need: What you can learn about. Principle and tasks
Thermochemistry/Calorimetry LEC 02 What you can learn about 1st law of thermodynamics Universal gas constant Isobars Isotherms Isochors and adiabatic changes of state Principle and tasks Heat is added
More informationChapter 9. Volumetric Analysis
Chapter 9 Volumetric Analysis The terms volumetric analysis, titrimetry and titration are used interchangeably to describe a procedure which analyses chemicals in solution by accurate volume measurement.
More informationINTRODUCTION TO ACIDS, BASES AND TITRATION
Experiment INTRODUCTION TO ACIDS, BASES AND TITRATION The CCLI Initiative Computers in chemistry Laboratory Instruction LEARNING OBJECTIVES The objectives of this experiment are to... introduce the nature
More informationDetermination of some components in mineral water
Determination of some components in mineral water There are numerous mineral water springs in Slovakia. The effect of mineral water on human health depends on the composition of salts (ions) dissolved
More informationLABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION Diffusion Through a Dialysis Membrane Transport of substances into and out of the cell is necessary in order to sustain life. Substances transported into the cell are used for
More informationUniversity of Minnesota Nano Center Standard Operating Procedure
University of Minnesota Nano Center Standard Operating Procedure Equipment Name: Zeta Potential Analyzer Model: Stabino Location: PAN 185 Badger Name: Not on Badger Revision Number: 0-Inital release Revisionist:
More information