Chemical Kinetics. Reaction rate and activation energy of the acid hydrolysis of ethyl acetate LEC 05. What you need: What you can learn about
|
|
- Derick Walters
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 LEC 05 Chemical Kinetics Reaction rate and activation energy of the acid hydrolysis What you can learn about Reaction rate Rate law for first and second order reactions Reactions with pseudo-order Arrhenius equation Activation energy Principle and tasks Ethyl acetate is hydrolysed in an acid solution according to a pseudo-first order rate law to equivalent quantities of ethanol and acetic acid. Based on the alkalimetric determination of the acetic acid formed, conclusions can be made about the temporal concentration of ester. The reaction rate constant for this reaction is determined at different temperatures, and the activation energy is calculated. What you need: Graphic determination of the reaction rate constants for the acid hydrolysis at T x = K and T o = K. Wash bottle, 500 ml Ethyl acetate, 250 ml Hydrochloric acid, 1 M, 1000 ml Sodium hydroxide solution, 1 M, 1000 ml Phenolphthalein solution, 1%, 100 ml Water, distilled, 5 l Reaction rate and activation energy of the acid hydrolysis Immersion thermostat, 100 C Accessory set for immersion thermostat Bath for thermostat, 6 l, Makrolon Rubber tubing, d i = 6 mm Hose clip, d = 8 12 mm Digital thermometer Immersion probe NiCr-Ni Stopwatch, digital, 1/100 s Magnetic heating stirrer Magnetic stirrer bar, l = 15 mm Magnetic stirrer bar, l = 30 mm Support rod, l = 500 mm, M10 thread Retort stand, h = 750 mm Burette clamp, roller mounting Right angle clamp Universal clamp Burette, 50 ml, with Schellbach line Graduated cylinder, 100 ml Volumetric flask, 1000 ml Volumetric pipette, 5 ml Volumetric pipette, 100 ml Pipettor Pipette dish Pasteur pipettes Rubber bulbs Crystallisation dish, 1000 ml Erlenmeyer flask, 250 ml, wide neck Erlenmeyer flask, 100 ml, narrow neck, SB Rubber stopper, 17/22 mm Glass beaker, 250 ml, short Funnel, glass, d o = 55 mm PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG D Göttingen Laboratory Experiments Chemistry 65
2 Reaction rate and activation energy of the acidolysis LEC Related concepts Reaction rate, reaction rate constant, rate law for first and second order reactions, reactions with pseudo order, Arrhenius equation, activation energy. Principle In acid solution, ethyl acetate is hydrolysed to equivalent quantities of ethanol and acetic acid according to a pseudo-first order rate law. The alkalimetric determination of the acetic acid formed enables conclusions to be drawn on the temporal concentration of ester. Tasks Determine the reaction rate constant for the acidolysis of ethyl acetate at two (or more) temperatures. Calculate the activation energy of the reaction from the temperature dependence of the measured rate constants. Equipment Immersion thermostat, 100 C Accessory set for immersion thermostat Bath for thermostat, 6 l, Makrolon Rubber tubing, d i = 6 mm Hose clip, d = 8 12 mm Digital thermometer Immersion probe NiCr-Ni Stopwatch, digital, 1/100 s Magnetic heating stirrer Magnetic stirrer bar, l = 15 mm Magnetic stirrer bar, l = 30 mm Support rod, l = 500 mm, M10 thread Retort stand, h = 750 mm Burette clamp, roller mounting Right angle clamp Universal clamp Burette, 50 ml, with Schellbach line Graduated cylinder, 100 ml Volumetric flask, 1000 ml Volumetric pipette, 5 ml Volumetric pipette, 100 ml Pipettor Pipette dish Pasteur pipettes Rubber bulbs Crystallisation dish, 1000 ml Erlenmeyer flask, 250 ml, wide neck Erlenmeyer flask, 250 ml, narrow neck, SB Rubber stopper, 17/22 mm Glass beaker, 250 ml, short Funnel, glass, d o = 55 mm Wash bottle, 500 ml Ethyl acetate, 250 ml Hydrochloric acid, 1 M, 1000 ml Sodium hydroxide solution, 1 M, 1000 ml Phenolphthalein solution, 1%, 100 ml Water, distilled, 5 l Fig. 1. Experimental set-up. PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Chemistry PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D Göttingen 1
3 LEC Reaction rate and activation energy of the acidolysis Set-up and procedure Set up the experiment as shown in Fig. 1. Prepare 0.2 molar NaOH solution by pipetting 200 ml of 1.0 molar sodium hydroxide solution into a 1000 ml volumetric flask and filling up to the calibration mark with water. Fill the burette with 0.2 molar NaOH solution. Pipette 100 ml of 1.0 molar hydrochloric acid solution into an Erlenmeyer flask, seal it with a stopper, and temperature equilibrate it for approximately 15 minutes at 25 C (measure the exact temperature T 1 ). Start the reaction by adding 5 ml of ethyl acetate (room temperature). Shake the flask briefly, then replace it in the temperature controlled bath. After 10 minutes, and at further intervals of 10 minutes, take 5 ml samples and transfer them into a wide neck Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 ml of cold water. This will stop the reaction immediately. Titrate the solutions with as little delay as possible with the 0.2 molar sodium hydroxide solution, using phenolphthalein as indicator. Terminate the measurement series after a reaction time of 50 minutes. Repeat the above procedure at a temperature of 45 C (T 2 ). The volumes of NaOH at time t 0 (V NaOH; 0, neutralisation of the constant quantity of HCl) and subsequent to complete conversion (V NaOH; ) are required for the evaluation. They can either be calculated (see Theory and evaluation ) or be determined experimentally as follows. To determine V NaOH;, after concluding the first measurement series, heat the solution which was converted to the greatest extent to approximately 70 C (for app. 20 minutes) in a water bath on the magnetic stirrer. The reaction will go to completion at this temperature. Allow the solution to cool, then titrate it with 0.2 molar NaOH solution as described above. To determine the initial consumption V NaOH; 0 titrate 5 ml of the 1.0 molar hydrochloric acid solution used, by the volume must be corrected by a factor of 100/105 for the ester portion which is absent here. The ester concentrations c E; 0 and c E at time t 0 and t can be replaced by the volumes of NaOH required for neutralisation of the samples at the start (v NaOH; 0 ), during the reaction (V NaOH ) and after complete conversion (V NaOH; ): (1.3) The volumes V NaOH; 0 and V NaOH; can be experimentally determined (see Set-up and procedure ) or be calculated using relationships (2.1) and (2.2): c HCl c NaOH V 1 r E M E V E ln V NaOH,q V NaOH,0 V NaOH,q V NaOH Concentration of the HCl solution (= 1.0 mol/l) Concentration of the NaOH solution (= 0.2 mol/l) Sample volumes (= 5 ml) V NaOH,q r E V E V 1 M E V S c NaOH ln Q k' t V NaOH,0 c HCl V c NaOH 105 V NaOH,0 (2.1) (2.2) Density at T = 298 K (= g/ml) Molar mass (= g/mol) Volumes contained in the volume of the total system V S = 105 ml at time t 0 (= 5 ml) In accordance with equation (1.3), the plot of the expression ln [(V NaOH; - V NaOH; 0 / V NaOH; - V NaOH )] as a function of time results in a rising straight line with a slope of k (Fig. 2). Theory and evaluation The acid ester hydrolysis is described by the equilibrium CH 3 COOC 2 H 5 + H 2 O [H 3 O + ] CH 3 COOH + C 2 H 5 OH Under the given experimental conditions, equilibrium is shifted quantitatively towards the reaction products. The reaction velocity (rate) v R of this reaction is given by the rate law: v R dc E dt k c E c W c K (1) Fig. 2: Graphic determination of the reaction rate constants for the acid hydrolysis at two temperatures (x: T 1 = K, o: T 2 = 314,15 K; c(h 3 O + ) = 1.0 mol l -1 ; ln Q = ln[(v NaOH; - V NaOH; 0 )]) k c E, c W, c K Reaction rate constant Concentration of ester, water and catalyst at time t The rate of the reaction investigated is a function of the acid concentration and can be controlled by it. As a result of the practical constancy of the concentrations of H 2 O (stoichiometric excess) and H 3 O + (catalyst), this reduces to dc E dt k' c E (1.1) The rate of hydrolysis thus conforms to a pseudo-first-order time rule whose integration results in the following : ln c E,0 c E k' t (1.2) 2 PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Chemistry PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D Göttingen
4 Reaction rate and activation energy of the acidolysis LEC The constant k includes the dependence of the reaction velocity on the binding conditions of the participating molecules, the type of reaction and the temperature. For two molecules to react, they must not only collide, but also have a sufficient energy content. The activation energy E A is the difference between the average energy content prior to reaction and the energy required for reaction. The molecules obtain the energy that is needed for activation from heat supplied, from light and from the exchange of energy when collisions occur. Such take-up of energy activates the molecules (loosens bonds, polarisation etc.) so that they can react. The portion of molecules with this increased energy content increases with increasing temperature. The greater the portion of the molecules capable of reaction, the more molecules that will react, and so the higher the reaction velocity. The activation energy can be determined using the empirical Arrhenius equation: E A k = k max e RT (3) R Universal gas constant ( = J K -1 mol -1) k max Maximum rate constant at infinite temperature (frequency factor) k max is the velocity constant which would be given when every every collision resulted in reaction, i.e. when the activation energy was 0. For two known pairs of values having the rate constants k 1 and k 2 and the temperatures T 1 and T 2, using the following concrete relationships result: ln k' 1 ln k' 2 from which, by subtraction E A R E A R T 1 ln k max E A R T 2 ln k max T 1 T 2 T 2 T 1 ln k' 2 k' 1 (3.11) (3.12) (3.2) If further data regarding k and T are available (i.e., measurements at a number of temperatures), then the activation energy can alternatively be determined from the slope of the linear relation between ln k and 1/T according to equation (3.1). Data and results The linear relationships presented in Fig.2 confirm the validity of a pseudo-first-order time rule. The slopes of the straight lines, which are determined by regression analysis correspond to the rate constants of k 1 = min -1 at T 1 = K and k 2 = min -1 at T 2 = K. From these values, using equation (3.2), an activation energy of E A = 67.7 kj mol -1 is obtained. Literature values: k = min -1 (T = K) ; E A = 67.7 kj mol -1. ln k' E A R T ln k max (3.1) PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Chemistry PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D Göttingen 3
5 LEC Reaction rate and activation energy of the acidolysis 4 PHYWE series of publications Laboratory Experiments Chemistry PHYWE SYSTEME GMBH & Co. KG D Göttingen
Electrochemistry LEC Potentiometric ph titration (phosphoric acid in a soft drink) What you need: What you can learn about
Electrochemistry LEC 06 What you can learn about Galvanic cell Types of electrodes Nernst equation Potentiometry Principle and tasks The cell voltage and the Galvani voltage of the electrodes of an galvanic
More informationRelated concepts Electrolyte, electrical conductance, specific conductance, ion mobility, ion conductivity, conductometry, volumetry.
Conductometric titration with Cobra4 TEC Related concepts Electrolyte, electrical conductance, specific conductance, ion mobility, ion conductivity, conductometry, volumetry. Principle The electric conductivity
More informationPartial molar volumes
Related concepts Principles of thermodynamics, ideal and non-ideal behaviour of gases and liquids, volume contraction, molar and partial molar quantities. Principle Due to intermolecular interactions,
More informationElectrochemistry. Conductivity of strong and weak electrolytes LEC 06. What you need: What you can learn about. Principle and tasks
LEC 06 Electrochemistry What you can learn about Kohlrausch s law Equivalent conductivity Temperature-dependence of conductivity Ostwald s dilution law Principle and tasks It is possible to differentiate
More informationElectrochemistry LEC 06. The Nernst equation. What you need: What you can learn about. Principle and tasks
Electrochemistry LEC 06 What you can learn about Electrode potentials and their concentration dependence Redox electrodes Electrochemical cells What you need: Principle and tasks expresses how the electrical
More informationTEC. Titration curves and buffering capacity with Cobra4
Related concept Strong and weak electrolytes, hydrolysis, dissociation of water, amphoteric electrolytes, isoelectric point, law of mass action, indicators, glass electrode, activity coefficient, buffering
More informationTitration of a strong acid with a strong base with Cobra4
Titration of a strong acid with a strong base with Cobra4 TEC Related topics Strong and weak acids and bases, ph value, titration curves, equivalence point, potentiometry. Principle Hydrochloric acid is
More informationThermochemistry/Calorimetry. Determination of the enthalpy of combustion with a calorimetric bomb LEC 02. What you need:
LEC 02 Thermochemistry/Calorimetry with a calorimetric bomb What you can learn about 1st law of thermodynamics Hess law Enthalpy of combustion Enthalpy of formation Heat capacity Principle and tasks The
More informationEXPERIMENT 7- SAPONIFICATION RATE OF TERT- BUTYL CHLORIDE
1 THEORY EXPERIMENT 7- SAPONIFICATION RATE OF TERT- BUTYL CHLORIDE The field of chemical kinetics is concerned with the rate or speed at which a chemical reaction occurs. Knowledge of a chemical reaction
More information12.01 Determination of the isoelectric point of an amino acid (glycine)
Biochemistry LEB 12 Determination of the isoelectric point of an amino acid (glycine) What you can learn about Isoelectric point Acidic anions Basic cations Zwitterions Equivalence (inflection) points
More informationThermochemistry/Calorimetry. Determination of the enthalpy of vaporization of liquids LEC 02. What you need: What you can learn about
LEC 02 Thermochemistry/Calorimetry Determination of the enthalpy of vaporization of liquids What you can learn about Enthalpy of vaporisation Entropy of vaporisation Trouton s rule Calorimetry Heat capacity
More informationMechanics. Surface tension by the ring method (Du Nouy method) Mechanics of Liquids and Gaseous Bodies. What you need:
Mechanics of Liquids and Gaseous Bodies Mechanics Surface tension by the ring method (Du Nouy method) What you can learn about Surface energy Interface Surface tension Adhesion Critical point Eötvös equation
More informationDistribution equilibrium
Distribution equilibrium TEC Related concepts Principles of thermodynamics; partial molar free enthalpy (chemical potential); equilibrium between phases; distribution and extraction; Nernst distribution
More informationPartner: Alisa 1 March Preparation and Properties of Buffer Solutions
Partner: Alisa 1 March 2012 Preparation and Properties of Buffer Solutions Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to compare the ph effect on buffered and non-buffered solutions as well as making a
More information# 12 ph-titration of Strong Acids with Strong Bases
# 12 ph-titration of Strong Acids with Strong Bases Purpose: A strong acid solution is titrated with a strong base solution. A titration curve is then used to determine the endpoint and find the concentration
More informationPotentiometric measurement of ph
Potentiometric measurement of ph Determination of ph can be done by simple colorimetric methods using acid-base indicators (ph test strips). Nevertheless, the precision of such methods is mostly insufficient.
More informationPartial molar volumes (Item No.: P )
Partial molar volumes (Item No.: P3020501) Curricular Relevance Area of Expertise: Chemistry Education Level: University Topic: Physical Chemistry Subtopic: Thermochemistry, Calorimetry Experiment: Partial
More informationThermodynamics and the Solubility of Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate
Thermodynamics and the Solubility of Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate In this experiment you, as a class, will determine the solubility of sodium tetraborate decahydrate (Na 2 B 4 O 7 10 H 2 O or Na 2 [B
More informationChemistry 143 Experiment #11 Acid Base Titration Dr. Caddell. Titrating Acid
Titrating Acid In this lab you will first determine the concentration of sodium hydroxide in a stock solution that you prepare. You will then use that stock sodium hydroxide solution to titrate a solution
More informationChemistry 143 Acid Base Titration Dr. Caddell. Titrating Acid
Titrating Acid In this lab you will first determine the concentration of sodium hydroxide in a stock solution that you prepare. You will then use that stock sodium hydroxide solution to titrate a solution
More informationCHEM 254 EXP 10 Chemical Equilibrium - Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Equilibrium
Gibbs energy, G CHEM 254 EXP 10 Chemical Equilibrium Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Equilibrium A reaction at constant temperature and pressure can be expressed in terms of the reaction Gibbs energy. The
More information13. Determining the value of K c for an equilibrium reaction Student Sheet
Appendix 2 13. Determining the value of K c for an equilibrium reaction Student Sheet In this experiment you have the opportunity to use the skills you have developed by doing volumetric analysis to determine
More informationSAMPLE CHEMISTRY QUESTIONS MIXTURE OF UNIT 3 & 4 MATERIALS
SAMPLE CHEMISTRY QUESTIONS MIXTURE OF UNIT 3 & 4 MATERIALS QUESTION 1 The equation describing the production of butyl ethanoate is given below. Catalyst C4H 9OH CH 3COOH CH 3COOC 4H 9 H 2O( l ) 0.0500
More informationPartner: Judy 29 March Analysis of a Commercial Bleach
Partner: Judy 29 March 2012 Analysis of a Commercial Bleach Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to determine the amount of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) in commercial bleach. This can be done by forming
More informationExperiment 20: Analysis of Vinegar. Materials:
Experiment 20: Analysis of Vinegar Materials: graduated cylinder 6 M NaOH: Dilute Sodium Hydroxide 1000 ml Florence Flask & stopper KHC 8 H 4 O 4 : Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate (KHP) 125 ml Erlenmeyer
More informationExperiment 8 Introduction to Volumetric Techniques I. Objectives
Experiment 8 Introduction to Volumetric Techniques I Objectives 1. To learn the proper technique to use a volumetric pipette. 2. To learn the proper technique to use a volumetric flask. 3. To prepare a
More information#13 ph-titration of Weak Acids with Strong Bases
#13 ph-titration of Weak Acids with Strong Bases Purpose: A weak acid solution is titrated with a strong base solution. A titration curve is then used to identify the unknown acid and to find its concentration.
More informationGETTING THE END POINT TO APPROXIMATE. Two hours
Chem 1312 Handout Experiment ONE Laboratory Time Required Special Equipment and Supplies Objective Safety First Aid GETTING THE END POINT TO APPROXIMATE THE EQUIVALENCE POINT Two hours Balance Potassium
More information13. Chemical Equilibria
13. Chemical Equilibria Many reactions are reversible + 3 2 All reversible reactions reach an dynamic equilibrium state. Dynamic equilibrium occurs when forward and backward reactions are occurring at
More informationAll reversible reactions reach an dynamic equilibrium state.
11. Equilibrium II Many reactions are reversible + 3 2NH 3 All reversible reactions reach an dynamic equilibrium state. Dynamic equilibrium occurs when forward and backward reactions are occurring at equal
More informationCHEM Practice to be done before the lab. Experiment 9 Introduction to Volumetric Techniques II. Objectives
1 CHEM 0011 Experiment 9 Introduction to Volumetric Techniques II Objectives 1. To learn the proper technique to use a burette. 2. To learn the proper technique to carry out a titration. 3. To verify the
More information5.1.2 How Far? Equilibrium
5.1.2 How Far? Equilibrium Equilibrium constant Kc Kc = equilibrium constant For a generalised reaction ma + nb pc + qd [ C] p [D] q m,n,p,q are the stoichiometric balancing [ A] m [B] n numbers A,B,C,D
More informationChemistry 119: Experiment 6. Sampling and Analysis of a Solid Drain Cleaner
Chemistry 119: Experiment 6 Sampling and Analysis of a Solid Drain Cleaner An important factor in any analysis is the collection of the sample. How this is done depends upon the use to which the analytical
More informationChemical Reactions: Titrations
1 Chemical Reactions: Titrations ORGANIZATION Mode: laboratory work, work in pairs Grading: lab notes, lab performance (titration accuracy), and post-lab report Safety: goggles, lab coat, closed-toe shoes,
More informationFreezing point depression (Item No.: P )
Freezing point depression (Item No.: P3021101) Curricular Relevance Area of Expertise: Chemistry Education Level: University Topic: General Chemistry Subtopic: Solutions and Mixtures Experiment: Freezing
More informationAcid-Base Titration. Computer OBJECTIVES
Acid-Base Titration Computer 7 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution that is needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment, your goal is to
More informationThe Synthesis and Analysis of Aspirin
The Synthesis and Analysis of Aspirin Computer 22 Aspirin, the ubiquitous pain reliever, goes by the chemical name acetylsalicylic acid. One of the compounds used in the synthesis of aspirin is salicylic
More informationTRATION: ANALYSIS OF VINE
Experiment 10 Name: 22 Ti TRATION: ANALYSIS OF VINE 31 Ga R In this experiment, you will learn the concept and technique of titration. You will determine the concentration of acetic acid in commercial
More informationVolumetric analysis involving acids and alkalis
Chapter 19 Volumetric analysis involving acids and alkalis 19.1 Standard solutions 19.2 Acid-alkali titrations 19.3 Calculations on volumetric analysis 19.4 Writing a laboratory report on volumetric analysis
More informationNCEA Chemistry 2.1. Quantitative Analysis AS The Mole. What does this Internal Assessment involve?
NCEA Chemistry 2.1 Quantitative Analysis AS 91161 What does this Internal Assessment involve? Carry out quantitative analysis, including an acid-base titration Demonstrate comprehensive understanding involves:
More informationExp.3 Determination of the Thermodynamic functions for the Borax Solution
Exp.3 Determination of the Thermodynamic functions for the Borax Solution Theory: The relationship between Gibb s energy (ΔG), Enthalpy (ΔH), Entropy (ΔS) and the equilibrium constant (K) for a chemical
More informationThe method used to determine the concentration of a known substance using another, standard, solution.
Titrations What are titrations? The neutralisation reaction between an acid and a base can be very useful. If an acidic solution of known concentration (a standard solution) is added to a basic (alkaline)
More informationFor this lab, you will determine the purity of the aspirin by titration and by spectrophotometric analysis.
Introduction: ommercially prepared aspirin tablets are not considered 100% pure acetylsalicylic acid. Most aspirin tablets contain a small amount of binder which helps prevent the tablets from crumbling.
More informationTITRATION. Exercise 0. n c (mol dm V. m c (1) MV
Exercise 0 TITRATION Theory: In chemistry a solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances. In such a mixture:a solute is dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent. An aqueous
More informationElectricity. Semiconductor thermogenerator Stationary currents. What you need:
Stationary currents Electricity Semiconductor thermogenerator What you can learn about Seebeck effect (thermoelectric effect) Thermoelectric e.m.f. Efficiency Peltier coefficient Thomson coefficient Seebeck
More informationEXPERIMENT 1. AIM:To find refractive index of the given liquid samples and find Molar refraction and specific refraction.
EXPERIMENT 1 AIM:To find refractive index of the given liquid samples and find Molar refraction and specific refraction. APPARATUS:Abbe s refractometer, temperature controller, light source and samples.
More informationChemistry Project. Measuring the Amount of Acetic Acid In Vinegar by Titration with an Indicator Solution
Chemistry Project easuring the Amount of Acetic Acid In inegar by Titration with an Indicator Solution Index 1 Certificate 2 Acknowledgement Aim 4 Objective 5 Introduction 6 aterials and Equipment 7 Theory
More informationApplication Determination of isocyanate (NCO-) content
Determination of isocyanate (NCO-) content date: 20.06.2013 page 1 from 10 Use This method is applicable for material containing reactive isocyanate groups.the isocyanate is reacted with di-n-butyl amine
More informationThe remaining questions were developed by John Gelder.
1.Design an experiment to collect data that supports the claim that a 1.0 M NaCl solution is a homogeneous mixture. Describe the steps, the data you would collect, and how the data support the claim. Laboratory
More informationThermal expansion of liquids
Thermal expansion of liquids TEP Related Topics Linear expansion, volume expansion of liquids, thermal capacity, lattice potential, equilibrium spacing, Grüneisen equation. Prinicple The volume expansion
More informationTitration of HCl with Sodium Hydroxide
Titration of HCl with Sodium Hydroxide Lab Report for the Subject of Advanced Chemistry Anon Durongpisitkul, Karis Katekovit, Varun Saketharam,Thanon Thamvorapol, Chanon Anektanasup- January 28, 2017 1
More informationJawaharlal Nehru Engineering College,
PRINCIPAL HOD LAB INCHARG Dr.S. D. Deshmukh MGM S Dr.V.M.Arole S.N.Deshmukh Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College, PRINCIPAL HOD LAB INCHARG N-6, CIDCO, Aurangabad. Dr.S. LAB D. Deshmukh MANUAL Dr.V.M.Arole
More informationExperiment 24. Chemical recycling of poly(ethylene) terephthalate (PET)
Methods of pollution control and waste management Experiment 24 Chemical recycling of poly(ethylene) terephthalate (PET) Manual Department of Chemical Technology The aim of this experiment is to gain knowledge
More informationNCEA Chemistry 2.1 Quantitative Analysis AS 91161
NCEA Chemistry 2.1 Quantitative Analysis AS 91161 What is this NCEA Achievement Standard? When a student achieves a standard, they gain a number of credits. Students must achieve a certain number of credits
More informationEXPERIMENT. Estimate the strength of given sodium carbonate solution by titrating it against HCl solution using methyl orange as indicator.
EXPERIMENT AIM Estimate the strength of given sodium carbonate solution by titrating it against HCl solution using methyl orange as indicator. Approximately M/40 HCl solution is provided. Prepare your
More informationStandardization of a Primary Standard & Determination of Concentration by Acid-Base Titration
Standardization of a Primary Standard & Determination of Concentration by Acid-Base Titration It is often necessary to test a solution of unknown concentration with a solution of a known, precise concentration.
More informationLaboratory Exercises in Medical Chemistry II
Laboratory Exercises in Medical Chemistry II 1 st year, General Medicine Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen Charles University Name: Confirmation of the attendance at the labs Study group: Date: (stamp, tutor's
More informationExperiment #7. Titration of Vinegar
Experiment #7. Titration of Vinegar Goals 1. To determine the mass percent of acetic acid in a solution via titration. 2. To master the technique of titration. Introduction Vinegar is a common household
More informationProblem 28: Identification of Unknown Solid Samples
Problem 28: Identification of Unknown Solid Samples There are 12 unknown solid samples in vials numbered A01 to A12 on your table. Each vial contains about 100 mg of crystals or powder of one pure compound.
More informationSOLVOLYSIS OF tert-butyl CHLORIDE: TESTING A MECHANISM
SOLVOLYSIS OF tert-butyl CHLORIDE: TESTING A MECHANISM Organic chemists are keenly interested in how and why chemical reactions occur. They propose a plausible mechanism for a given reaction, then do experiments
More informationThe student s results are shown in the table below. Time / minutes Time / minutes
Q1.(a) Anhydrous calcium chloride is not used as a commercial de-icer because it reacts with water. The reaction with water is exothermic and causes handling problems. A student weighed out 1.00 g of anhydrous
More informationDetermination of the K a of a Weak Acid and the K b of a Weak Base from ph Measurements
Experiment 6 Determination of the K a of a Weak Acid and the K b of a Weak Base from ph Measurements Pre-Lab Assignment Before coming to lab: Read the lab thoroughly. Answer the pre-lab questions that
More information5 Acid Base Reactions
Aubrey High School AP Chemistry 5 Acid Base Reactions 1. Consider the formic acid, HCOOH. K a of formic acid = 1.8 10 4 a. Calculate the ph of a 0.20 M solution of formic acid. Name Period Date / / 5.2
More informationKINETICS II - THE IODINATION OF ACETONE Determining the Activation Energy for a Chemical Reaction
KINETICS II - THE IODINATION OF ACETONE Determining the Activation Energy for a Chemical Reaction The rate of a chemical reaction depends on several factors: the nature of the reaction, the concentrations
More information1.6 Equilibria All reversible reactions reach an dynamic equilibrium state.
1.6 Equilibria All reversible reactions reach an dynamic equilibrium state. Many reactions are reversible + 3 2NH 3 The term dynamic means both forward and backward reactions are occurring simultaneously
More informationChemistry Assessment Unit AS 3
Centre Number 71 Candidate Number ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY (AS) General Certificate of Education 2009 Chemistry Assessment Unit AS 3 assessing Module 3: Practical Examination 2 ASC32 [ASC32] FRIDAY 15 MAY,
More informationTo understand concept of limiting reagents. To learn how to do a vacuum filtration. To understand the concept of recrystallization.
E x p e r i m e n t Synthesis of Aspirin Experiment : http://genchemlab.wordpress.com/-aspirin/ objectives To synthesize aspirin. To understand concept of limiting reagents. To determine percent yield.
More informationSynthesis of Benzoic Acid
E x p e r i m e n t 5 Synthesis of Benzoic Acid Objectives To use the Grignard reagent in a water free environment. To react the Grignard reagent with dry ice, CO 2(s). To assess the purity of the product
More information(a) What name is given to this method? (1) (b) Which piece of apparatus should be used to measure the 25.0cm 3 of KOH?
1 This apparatus can be used in a method to find the volume of sulfuric acid required to neutralise a solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH). burette containing 0.100mol/dm 3 H 2 SO 4 conical flask 25.0cm
More informationThe CCLI Initiative Computers in Chemistry Laboratory Instruction
Experiment Determining the Coordination Number of Ni and Cu The CCLI Initiative Computers in Chemistry Laboratory Instruction by Enthalpy The objectives of this experiment are to... LEARNING OBJECTIVES
More informationAcidity of Beverages Lab
Acidity of Beverages Lab Name: Introduction: Common beverages may be either acidic or basic. Fruit juices, for example, get their sweet taste from sugars and their sour or tart taste from weak acids such
More informationTitration 2: CH 3 COOH Titrated with NaOH
Titration 2: CH 3 COOH Titrated with NaOH Titration 1: Acid is CH 3 COOH, phenolphthalein as the indicator 1. Obtain about 60 ml of the standardized ( 0.1 M) NaOH solution. CAUTION: Sodium hydroxide solution
More informationSemiconductor thermogenerator
Semiconductor thermogenerator LEP 4.1.07 Related topics Seebeck effect (thermoelectric effect), thermoelectric e.m.f., efficiency, Peltier coefficient, Thomson coefficient, Seebeck coefficient, direct
More informationAcid-Base Titration. M M V a
Acid-Base Titration Pre-Lab Discussion In the chemistry laboratory, it is sometimes necessary to experimentally determine the concentration of an acid solution or a base solution. A procedure for making
More informationANALYTICAL TASK EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
ANALYTICAL TASK EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Complexometric determination of zinc after separation from cadmium by ion chromatography It is almost impossible to correctly determine the content of zinc(ii) ions
More informationIn this laboratory exercise we will determine the percentage Acetic Acid (CH 3 CO 2 H) in Vinegar.
The titration of Acetic Acid in Vinegar In this laboratory exercise we will determine the percentage Acetic Acid (CH CO H) in Vinegar. We will do this by Titrating the Acetic Acid present with a Strong
More informationChesapeake Campus Chemistry 111 Laboratory
Chesapeake Campus Chemistry 111 Laboratory Objectives Calculate molar mass using the ideal gas law and laboratory data. Determine the identity of an unknown from a list of choices. Determine how sources
More informationPhysical Chemistry. LD Chemistry Leaflets. Reaction of malachite green with hydroxide ions: Influence of the concentration C4.1.3.
SW-2014-06 Physical Chemistry Reaction kinetics Influencing the reaction rate LD Chemistry Leaflets Reaction of malachite green with hydroxide ions: Influence of the concentration Aims of the experiment
More informationNEUTRALIZATION TITRATION-2 TITRATION OF AN ANTACID (Exp. 4)
Objective NEUTRALIZATION TITRATION-2 TITRATION OF AN ANTACID (Exp. 4) The aim of this experiment is to carry out titration of antacid tablets and to determine acetic acid content of vinegar. a) Titration
More information1.22 Concentration of Solutions
1.22 Concentration of Solutions A solution is a mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent. In chemistry we most commonly use water as the solvent to form aqueous solutions. The solute can be
More informationChemistry 1B Experiment 17 89
Chemistry 1B Experiment 17 89 17 Thermodynamics of Borax Solubility Introduction In this experiment, you will determine the values of H and S for the reaction which occurs when borax (sodium tetraborate
More informationPOGIL LAB EXERCISE 15 HOW DO YOU STANDARDIZE AN ACID AND BASE?
POGIL LAB EXERCISE 15 HOW DO YOU STANDARDIZE AN ACID AND BASE? POGIL LAB 15 Page 1 of 10 Each member should assume his or her role at this time. The new manager takes charge of the POGIL folder and hands
More informationThis Exam Includes Three Exercises. It Is Inscribed on 3 Pages Numbered From 1 to 3. The Use of A Non-programmable Calculator is Allowed.
وزارة التربية والتعلين العالي الوديرية العاهة للتربية دائرة االهتحانات اهتحانات الشهادة الثانىية العاهة الفرع : علىم عاهة هسابقة في هادة الكيوياء الودة ساعتاى االسن: الرقن: دورة العام 203 االستثنائية الثالثاء
More informationKAKAMEGA NORTH SUBCOUNTY JOINT EXAMINATIONS KCSE TRIAL 2018
1 Name:... Index No:. Candidate s signature Date KAKAMEGA NORTH SUBCOUNTY JOINT EXAMINATIONS KCSE TRIAL 2018 233/3 CHEMISTRY PAPER 3 (Practical) JULY 2018 2¼ Hours INSTRUCTIONS: Write your name and index
More informationCHEM 30A EXPERIMENT 8 & 9: ACID- BASE TITRATION. Learning Outcomes. Introduction. Upon completion of this lab, the student will be able to:
1 Learning Outcomes CHEM 30A EXPERIMENT 8 & 9: ACID- BASE TITRATION Upon completion of this lab, the student will be able to: 1) Prepare a solution of primary standard 2) Determine the molar concentration
More informationCHEMICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY CHEG 4137W/4139W. Reaction Kinetics Saponification of Isopropyl Acetate with Sodium Hydroxide
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY CHEG 4137W/4139W Reaction Kinetics Saponification of Isopropyl Acetate with Sodium Hydroxide Objective: The purpose of this experiment is to examine and determine the reaction
More informationUnit 5 Part 2 Acids, Bases and Salts Titrations, Indicators and the ph Scale UNIT 5 ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS
UNIT 5 ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS PART 2 TITRATIONS, INDICATORS AND THE PH SCALE Contents 1. The ph scale 2. Indicators 3. Acid-Base Titrations Key words: acidic, alkaline, neutral, ph, indicator, litmus,
More informationAcid Base Titration Experiment ACID - BASE TITRATION LAB
ACID - BASE TITRATION LAB MATERIALS and CHEMICALS Burette 50 ml Burette clamp Ring stand Stirring rod Plastic funnel Beakers (50 ml, 100 ml, 400 ml) Graduated cylinder (25 ml, 50 ml) 0.10 M NaOH 0.10 M
More informationLowell High School AP Chemistry Spring 2009 REACTION KINETICS EXPERIMENT
Lowell High School AP Chemistry Spring 2009 REACTION KINETICS EXPERIMENT Complete the following for Pre-Lab on a clean sheet of paper: (1) In your own words, explain the following: a. why the I 2 concentration
More informationStoichiometry ( ) ( )
Stoichiometry Outline 1. Molar Calculations 2. Limiting Reactants 3. Empirical and Molecular Formula Calculations Review 1. Molar Calculations ( ) ( ) ( ) 6.02 x 10 23 particles (atoms or molecules) /
More informationTitration of citric acid in juice
Page 4 LABORATORY LEARNING ACTIVITY Titration of citric acid in juice Introduction One common task that chemists must perform is to determine the concentration of a chemical using titration. There are
More informationTable of Contents. Purpose... 2 Background... 2 Prelab Questions... 3 Procedure:... 3 Calculations:... 4
Table of Contents Purpose... 2 Background... 2 Prelab Questions... 3 Procedure:... 3 Calculations:... 4 CHM 212 Experiment 4 Determination of the Ka of Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate (KHP) Using a Gran Plot
More informationExperimental Procedure. Lab 406
Experimental Procedure Lab 406 Overview This experiment is to be complete in cooperation with other chemists/chemist groups in the laboratory. In PART A, a standardized solution of hydrochloric acid is
More information11 Understanding the Importance of Buffers in Biological
11 Understanding the Importance of Buffers in Biological Systems 11.1 Learning Objectives You should be aware that buffers play a critical role in almost all biochemical systems. Biochemical experiments
More informationExperiment 7: ACID-BASE TITRATION: STANDARDIZATION OF A SOLUTION
Experiment 7: ACID-BASE TITRATION: STANDARDIZATION OF A SOLUTION Purpose: Determine molarity of a solution of unknown concentration by performing acid-base titrations Performance Goals: Apply the concepts
More informationObjectives To prepare a dilute solution of a weak acid. To prepare a buffer of a specific ph value.
E x p e r i m e n t Chemistry Is phun! Objectives To prepare a dilute solution of a weak acid. To prepare a buffer of a specific ph value. To observe the effects of adding acid and base to a buffer solution.
More informationCHEM 254 EXPERIMENT 5. Solubility and Enthalpy of Fusion of Ammonium Oxalate in Water
CHEM 254 EXPERIMENT 5 Solubility and Enthalpy of Fusion of Ammonium Oxalate in Water In general solubility (g/100 ml) is defined as amount of substance that dissolved in a given solvent at a given temperature.
More informationCHM111 Lab Titration of Vinegar Grading Rubric
Name Team Name CHM111 Lab Titration of Vinegar Grading Rubric Criteria Points possible Points earned Lab Performance Printed lab handout and rubric was brought to lab 3 Safety and proper waste disposal
More informationThermochemistry/Calorimetry LEC Heat capacity of gases. What you need: What you can learn about. Principle and tasks
Thermochemistry/Calorimetry LEC 02 What you can learn about 1st law of thermodynamics Universal gas constant Isobars Isotherms Isochors and adiabatic changes of state Principle and tasks Heat is added
More informationEXPERIMENT 3 THE IODINE CLOCK
EXPERIMENT 3 THE IODINE CLOCK Introduction The Rates of Chemical Reactions Broadly defined, chemical kinetics is the study of the rates at which chemical reactions proceed. Oftentimes, reaction rate data
More information