Unit II: Atoms Molecules & Ions
|
|
- Sibyl Russell
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Unit II: Atoms Molecules & Ions A. B. C. D. The Periodic Table Why and how compounds form Rules for writing ions Writing formulas and naming compounds Binary compounds Non-binary compounds Formula writing & naming of acids and bases E. Chemical Bonding
2
3 Two general groups of elements Metals Good conductors of heat & electricity Shiny, ductile, malleable Lose electrons to form positive ions Nonmetals Poor conductors Gain electrons to form negative ions Dull and without luster 2-A
4
5 Antimony Tin Arsenic Germanium Sulfur Iodine 2-A
6
7 Why and How Compounds Form e P N N P e 2-B
8 How Ionic Compounds Form An atom losing electrons become positively charged (cation) An atom gaining electrons becomes negatively charged (anion) Anions and cations attract each other and form compounds, lowering their total energy 2-B
9 Ionic Bonding Energy Energy e e e PNNP N PN e Li e e 1+ e NNN PPN PNNPPP N N P P e e Lithium e e e e F 1- Flourine 2-B
10 Ionic Bonding e e e e PNNPN N P e Li e NNN PPN PNNPPP N N P P e 1+ e e e e e F 1- Lower total energy 2-B
11 How Covalent Compounds Form e P P e Lower total energy 2-B
12 Metals Metals Cations Cations Ionic Ionic Compounds Compounds Nonmetals Nonmetals Anions Anions Nonmetals Nonmetals + Nonmetals Nonmetals Covalent Covalent Compounds Compounds Metals Metals + Metals Metals Homogeneous Homogeneous Mixtures Mixtures 2-B
13 Rules for Writing Ions Group IA Group IIA Group IIIA Alkali metals Alkaline earth metals Aluminum group Group VIIA Group VIA Group VA Halogens Oxygen group Nitrogen group C
14
15 Writing Formulas and Naming Binary Compounds 1. Fixed oxidation state metals + nonmetals 2. Variable oxidation state metals + nonmetals 3. Nonmetals combined with nonmetals in covalent compounds 2-D
16 Binary ionic compounds (metals with fixed oxidation states) First name the metal then Use the root of the nonmetal with an ide ending Example. + - Na + Cl = NaCl Sodium + Chlorine = Sodium Chloride 2-D
17 Lecture Problems: II-2 (pg.61) Write the names of the following. magnesium fluoride A. MgF2 B. AlP aluminum phosphide C. Na2O sodium oxide 2-D
18 Lecture Problems: II-3 (pg.61-62) Use ionic charges to write the formulas of the following. A. lithium sulfide Li2S B. calcium nitride Ca3N2 C. barium chloride BaCl2 2-D
19 Binary ionic compounds (metals with variable states) First name the metal followed by its oxidation state in Roman Numerals inside parentheses Then add the root of the nonmetal with an ide ending Note: You must know the oxidation state of the metal to correctly name the compound! 2-D
20 Lecture Problems: II-4 (pg. 63) Given the following names, write the formulas A. iron (II) fluoride FeF2 B. lead (II) chloride PbCl2 C. chromium (III) sulfide Cr2S3 2-D
21 Lecture Problems: II-5 (pg. 63) Write the names of the following compounds: A. CuBr2 copper (II) bromide B. NiO nickel (II) oxide C. TiF4 titanium (IV) fluoride 2-D
22 Binary covalent compounds Name the first nonmetal using a prefix to indicate how many atoms are present Then name the second nonmetal using a prefix to identify quantity, and the ide ending Notes: 1. Drop the mono prefix from the element named first 2. Name the element located lower or to the left on the periodic table first 2-D
23 Covalent Compound Prefixes 1 = mono 2 = di 3 = tri 4 = tetra 5 = penta 6 = hexa 7 = hepta 8 = octa 9 = nona 10 = deca Drop the mono prefix from the first element named
24 Lecture Problem: II-6 (pg. 65) A. N2O4 dinitrogen tetraoxide B. P4S10 tetraphosphorus decasulfide Lecture Problem: II-7 (pg. 65) C. carbon dioxide CO2 D. trisulfur heptafluroide S3F7 E. phosphorus pentachloride PCl5 2-D
25 Non-Binary Compounds Generally consist of a cation with a polyatomic anion May also contain polyatomic cations with mono or polyatomic anions 2-D
26 Polyatomic ions with -1 charge OHCNNO3NO2C2H3O2MnO4HCO3HSO4- hydroxide cyanide nitrate nitrite acetate permanganate bicarbonate bisulfate ClOClO2- hypochlorite chlorite ClO3- chlorate ClO4- perchlorate See page 67 You will need to know them 2-D
27 Other Negative Polyatomic Ions CO3 2- carbonate SO4 2- sulfate SO3 2- sulfite CrO4 2- chromate Cr2O7 2- dichromate PO4 3- phosphate 2-D
28 Positive Polyatomic Ions NH4 + ammonium 2-D
29 Types of Compounds with Polyatomic Ions Metal of fixed oxidation state with polyatomic anion Metal with variable oxidation state with polyatomic anion Polyatomic cation with monoatomic anion Polyatomic cation with polyatomic anion 2-D
30 Metal of fixed oxidation state with a polyatomic ion Name the metal, then name the polyatomic ion You must make sure to balance the charges between ions If multiple polyatomic ions are needed, use () to describe how many are needed. 2-D
31 Examples Al2(SO4)3 aluminum sulfate Ca(OH)2 calcium hydroxide barium phosphate Ba3(PO4)2 lithium carbonate Li2CO3 2-D
32 Lecture Problem: II-8 (pg. 69) Naming A. Mg3(PO4)2 magnesium phosphate B. KHCO3 potassium bicarbonate Lecture Problem: II-9 (pg. 69) Formula Writing C. sodium carbonate Na2CO3 D. calcium sulfate CaSO4 2-D
33 Compounds with a variable oxidation state metal and a polyatomic anion Name the metal first, followed by the oxidation state (in Roman numerals) Then add the name of the polyatomic ion 2-D
34 Examples CuSO4 copper (II) sulfate Sn(NO3)4 tin (IV) nitrate nickel (III) bisulfate Ni(HSO4)3 titanium (IV) dichromate Ti(Cr2O7)2 2-D
35 Lecture Problem: II-10 (pg. 70) Naming Fe(C2H3O2)2 iron (II) acetate Lecture Problem: II-11 (pg. 70) Formula Writing tin (II) cyanide Sn(CN)2 2-D
36 Compounds having a polyatomic cation and monoatomic anion Name the positive polyatomic ion first, then the anion using the ide ending (NH4)3P ammonium phosphide ammonium sulfide (NH4)2S
37 Lecture Problem: II-12 (pg. 71) Naming NH4I ammonium iodide Lecture Problem: II-13 (pg. 71) Formula Writing ammonium oxide (NH4)2O 2-D
38 Polyatomic ions with other polyatomic ions Name the positive polyatomic ion first, then the negative polyatomic ion. Examples: ammonium carbonate ammonium nitrate (NH4)2CO3 NH4NO3
39 Lecture Problem: II-14 (pg. 71) Naming (NH4)2CrO4 ammonium chromate Lecture Problem: II-15 (pg. 71) Formula Writing ammonium oxide (NH4)2CO3 2-D
40 Naming Acids and Bases Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions in water. Binary acids Formed for a hydrogen cation and an ide anion Ternary acids Formed from a hydrogen cation and an ate anion
41 Binary Acids Binary acids are formed when an anion having the ide ending is paired with a hydrogen cation. To write the name use the hydro root name of the ide anion followed by ic acid Examples: HCl(aq) hydrochloric acid HF(aq) hydrofloric acid H2S(aq) hydrosulfuric acid
42 Lecture Problem: II-16 (pg. 73) Name these binary acids: HBr(aq) hydrobromic acid HI(aq) hydroiodic acid 2-D
43 Ternary Acids Consist of three different kinds of atoms Formed by making a compound from an -ate anion and a H+ cation To name the compound drop the ate and add ic acid Examples: H2SO4(aq) HNO3(aq) sulfuric acid (from sulfate) nitric acid (from nitrate)
44 Lecture Problem: II-17 (pg. 73) Name these ternary acids: H3PO4(aq) phosphoric acid H2CO3(aq) carbonic acid 2-D
45 Bases One definition of a base is that it produces OH-(aq) ions when dissolved in water. Bases are often formed by making a compound of a cation in combination with the OH- anion Bases react with acids to form water (neutralization) Bases are named just as with the polyatomic ions. (ternary compounds with hydroxide anion) Example: NaOH is sodium hydroxide
46 Part E: Chemical Bonding In review: Atoms are made up of a positive nucleus and negative electrons surrounding it. The chemical bonding properties of an element are largely determined by the electrons The periodic table is organized in order of increasing atomic number
47 Part E: Chemical Bonding In review: Atoms may either gain or loose electrons during bonding, forming ions Metals are the elements with the greatest tendency to loose electrons (cations) Nonmetals are the elements that tend to gain electrons (anions)
48 Part E: Chemical Bonding Electrons around an atom are arranged in what we call energy levels. The 1st energy level is closest to the nucleus As the energy levels increase they get further from the nucleus and closer together
49 Lewis Structures Lewis Structures provide a simple way to show the electrons in the outermost energy level. We don't write Lewis Structures for the transition elements, only the major groups (group A) elements.
50 Lewis Structures For a Group A element in its neutral state the number of valence electrons is equal to its group number. oxygen fluorine neon O F Ne
51 Ionic Bonds with Lewis Structures K F K + F - KF Let's practice drawing Lewis dot structures for the following ionic compounds. (Fill in on page 80) AlCl3 Na2O Ga2S3
52 Lewis Structures for Covalent Bonding In a covalent compound each atom attains stability by sharing electrons to fill its valence shell. Most atoms obey the octet rule: Stability is obtained when 8 electrons occupy an atoms valence shell
53 Lewis Structures for Covalent Bonding: The Method 1. Look at the Lewis structure for each atom in the molecule and add all valence electrons. Cl Cl 7+7 = 14 electrons
54 Lewis Structures for Covalent Bonding: The Method 2. Divide the number of valence electrons by 2, to get the number of electron pairs in the molecule. Cl Cl 7+7 = 14 electrons 14 valence electrons / 2 = 7 electron pairs
55 Lewis Structures for Covalent Bonding: The Method 3. Draw a single line between each atom to signify a pair of bonding electrons Cl Cl 4. Subtract the bonding pair(s) from the total electron pairs. 7 electron pairs 1 bonding pair = 6 electron pairs
56 Lewis Structures for Covalent Bonding: The Method 5. Arrange the remaining pairs around the bonded atoms, alternating between atoms Cl Cl 6. Now make sure each atom has an octect, and that you have placed all electrons.
57 Lewis Structures for Covalent Compounds Now lets try some slightly more complicated molecules... OF2 NH3 Now circle the bonding pairs of electrons and place a box around the lone pairs (lecture problem pg 84.)
58 What happens when some atoms can't fill their octet? Let's consider the compound sulfur dioxide. SO2 18 valence electrons = 9 electron pairs Sulfur will be our central atom O S O
59 What happens when some atoms can't fill their octet? O S O 9 electron pairs 2 bonding pairs = 7 electron pairs Now we place the remaining electron pairs...
60 What happens when some atoms can't fill their octet? O S O Do Nowallallthe atoms atoms have have a full a full octet octet???! NO! Sulfur only has 6 electrons in its valence shell Now let's try: CO2 O3 HCN SO3
61 Lewis Structures for polyatomic ions Sometimes multiple bonds will not provide each atom with a full octet. In some cases electrons will be given up or taken in order to fill the octets, creating ions. For Example: NO3 - OH - + NH4
62 Lewis Structures Lewis structures: Provide an easy way to visualize valence electrons Show us how atoms are bonded together in compounds Lewis structures do not tell us the actual molecular shape of a compound.
Chapter 5. Naming Compounds Writing Formulas
Chapter 5 Naming Compounds Writing Formulas Systematic Naming There are too many compounds to remember the names of them all. Compound is made of two or more elements. Put together atoms. Name should tell
More informationChapter 6. Naming Compounds Writing Formulas
Chapter 6 Naming Compounds Writing Formulas Systematic Naming There are too many compounds to remember the names of them all. Compound is made of two or more elements. Put together atoms. Name should tell
More informationCHEM 1105 S10 January 21, 2014
CHEM 1105 S10 January 21, 2014 Chapter 3: Compounds and Formulas Today: Types of compounds: Ionic vs. covalent Naming ionic compounds Naming binary covalent compounds (two elements only) Ionic Bonding
More informationH 2 O. Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas
H 2 O Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas Section 9.1 Naming Ions OBJECTIVES: Identify the charges on monatomic ions by using the periodic table, and name the ions. Section 9.1 Naming Ions OBJECTIVES:
More informationChapter 8 Nomenclature
8.1 Names of Atoms Chapter 8 Nomenclature Simple neutral atoms with no charge are named as is: Na is sodium atom, Ne is neon atom Know the names and symbols for elements #1-20 and Ba, Co, I, Cu, Fe, Pb,
More informationBonding and Nomenclature notes.notebook
Chemical Bonding & Nomenclature Objectives: Distinguish between covalent and ionic bonding Explain the process of bonding Name ionic and covalent compounds and acids Write chemical formulas for ionic and
More informationChemical Bonding and Naming Compounds. Ionic. Acid. Base. Oct 4 7:40 PM
Chemical Bonding and Naming Compounds (Chapter 9) Types of Bonds Ionic Bonds Molecular Bonds Types of Compounds Ionic Molecular Acid Base Chemical Bonding Atoms will bond together using their valence electrons.
More informationIonic Compounds. And Acids
CHAPTER 7 LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY CLASSIFICATION OF COMPOUNDS Inorganic compounds does not contain the element carbon, but there are exception to this rule, CO 2 (carbon dioxide), CO 3 2 (carbonate), and
More information» Composed of more than one type of atom chemically bonded.» A pure substance, meaning its properties are the same throughout the substance.
» Composed of more than one type of atom chemically bonded.» A pure substance, meaning its properties are the same throughout the substance.» Separated chemically not physically» No overall charge; they
More informationNaming and Formula Writing
+ Naming and Formula Writing + Chemical Formulas Shows the kind and number of atoms in the smallest piece of a substance Use subscripts to show the number of atoms per element Molecular formula- number
More informationChemical Nomenclature
Chemical Nomenclature Learn names you will Review: Valence electrons (the outer most electrons) are responsible for the interaction between atoms when forming chemical compounds. Another way to say that
More informationNomenclature Report. GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2017 page 1 of 8
Nomenclature Report Introduction Ionic Compound Nomenclature An ionic compound is described as an electrostatic attractive force between oppositely charged ions. Monoatomic Cations Metal cations are formed
More informationChapter 3 Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations
Chapter 3 Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations Molecular View of Elements and Compounds 2 How do atom join together to form a compound? compounds are made of atoms held together by chemical bonds
More informationMolecule 2 atoms chemically combined, smallest part of compound
Chemical Bonds 008: Chemical Bonds Bonding: the way atoms are attracted to each other to form molecules, determines nearly all of the chemical properties we see. And, as we shall see, the number 8 is
More informationChemical Nomenclature
Chemical Nomenclature! The first names for chemicals were common names: Sugar, quicklime, Epsom salts, milk of magnesia, gypsom, laughing gas Simple, but not practical, the tell us little about the chemicals
More informationSystematic Naming. Chapter 9. Two Types of Compounds. Two Types of Compounds 2 Ionic Compounds. Two Types of Compounds.
Chapter 9 Naming Compounds Writing Formulas Systematic Naming There are too many compounds to remember the names of them all. Compound is made of two or more elements. Put together atoms. Name should tell
More informationBig Idea: Matter & Atoms
Big Idea: Matter & Atoms Naming Ionic Compounds Naming Covalent Compounds Naming Acids Naming Hydrates The cation (positive ion) is written first Takes the same name as the element if only forms one charge
More informationChemical Bonding. Chemical Bonds. Metals, Ions, or Molecules. All Matter Exists as Atoms,
Chemical Bonding Valence electrons (the outer most electrons) are responsible for the interaction between atoms when forming chemical compounds. Another way to say that is that valence electrons are the
More informationNomenclature of inorganic compounds. = naming non carbon (mostly) compounds. Some definitions:
1 Chemistry 047 Inorganic Nomenclature Nomenclature of inorganic compounds = naming non carbon (mostly) compounds Some definitions: Nomenclature = system used by chemists to name and identify compounds
More informationExperiment #4. Chemical Nomenclature
Experiment #4. Chemical Nomenclature Many everyday and historically important chemical compounds have common names. For example, water is the common name for H 2 O, baking soda is the common name for NaHCO
More informationCHEMICAL FORMULAS - NOMENCLATURE (The Language of Chemistry)
CHEMICAL FORMULAS - NOMENCLATURE (The Language of Chemistry) Systematic chemical names of inorganic compounds were developed by a group of scientists who were part of the International Union of Pure and
More information1/28/13. Naming and Writing Formulas > for Ionic Compounds
chemistry 1 of 29 Naming and Writing Formulas A recipe is a formula for the sauce a complete list of ingredients and their proportions. Chemistry also uses formulas. Once you know the rules, you can write
More informationChemistry 51 Chapter 5 OCTET RULE & IONS
OCTET RULE & IONS Most elements, except noble gases, combine to form compounds. Compounds are the result of the formation of chemical bonds between two or more different elements. In the formation of a
More informationNomenclature Report. GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2019 page 1 of 6
Nomenclature Report Introduction Ionic Compound Nomenclature An ionic compound is described as an electrostatic attractive force between oppositely charged ions. Monoatomic Cations Metal cations are formed
More informationCHAPTER 7: LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 7: LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY Problems: 3-12, 13(a-c), 14(a,c,d), 15(a-c), 16(a,c), 17-19, 20c, 21, 22(a,c), 23-27, 33(a,c,d), 34(a,c,d), 35, 36(a,c), 37(a,b,d), 43-48, 49b, 50b, 51-52, 59-62 7.1 CLASSIFICATION
More informationNaming Chemical Compounds
Naming Chemical Compounds Naming compounds is an important part of chemistry. Most compounds fall into one of four categories Ionic Compounds, Molecular Compounds, Acids and Bases, and Hydrates Part One:
More informationInorganic Nomenclature
Inorganic Nomenclature A. The Chemical Elements 1. The term INORGANIC NOMENCLATURE refers to the naming of elements and inorganic compounds. Recall that ELEMENTS are the simplest form of matter that cannot
More informationNaming Inorganic Compounds. common names systematic names
Naming Inorganic Compounds common names systematic names Molecular Common Systematic Formula name name AgCl Lunar caustic Silver chloride H 2 SO 4 Oil of vitriol Sulfuric acid MgSO 4 Epsom salts Magnesium
More informationTopic 5: The Language of Chemistry
Topic 5: The Language of Chemistry Chemical Formulas & Chemical Compounds (Chapter 7 in Modern Chemistry) A Chemical Formula Recall that a chemical formula indicates the relative number of atoms of each
More informationChapter 5: Nomenclature
Chem 1025 Prof George W.J. Kenney, Jr Introductory Chemistry, Zumdahl Decoste, 6th ed Last Update: 21July09 Chapter 5: Nomenclature These Notes are to SUPPLIMENT the Text, They do NOT Replace reading the
More informationChapter 2. The Components of Matter
Chapter 2. The Components of Matter 1 The Periodic Table (Section 2.6) 13 Al 26.981 Main Idea: 1. Groups: Old numbering system: New IUPAC numbering system: 2. Periods: 3. Know the names and properties
More informationChemical Formulas & Chemical Compounds. Chemical formula indicates the relative number of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound.
Unit 6: Chemical Formulas & Chemical Compounds Chemical Names & Formulas Chemical formula indicates the relative number of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound. Molecular compound - it s formula reveals
More informationChemical Nomenclature
Chemical Nomenclature IUPAC International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. This is a group of chemists that determines, among other things, how chemicals will be named. IONIC COMPOUNDS 1. Binary Ionic
More informationChemical Nomenclature
Chemical Nomenclature I. The reason that we care about naming compounds a. Naming, a.k.a. nomenclature of compounds b. Significance: must know what we are talking about very clearly when we refer to substances
More informationCHAPTER 7: CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS. Chemistry 1-2 Enriched Mr. Chumbley
CHAPTER 7: CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS Chemistry 1-2 Enriched Mr. Chumbley SECTION 1: CHEMICAL NAMES AND FORMULAS While the bulk of the content will come from the Naming Chemical Compounds
More informationUnit 1 Physical Science: Chemical Reactions
Unit 1 Physical Science: Chemical Reactions The physical sciences are concerned with the study of inanimate natural objects. Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, how and why substances combine
More informationChapter 5. Molecules and Compounds. Introductory Chemistry, 3 rd Edition Nivaldo Tro 2/21/2011
Introductory Chemistry, 3 rd Edition Nivaldo Tro Chapter 5 Molecules and Compounds Based on notes of Roy Kennedy Massachusetts Bay Community College 2006, Prentice Hall Molecules and Compounds Salt Sodium
More informationChemical Names & Formulas. Water Ammonia Methane 1
Chemical Names & Formulas Water Ammonia Methane 1 Why Systematic Names? # atomic particles 3 (p, n, e) # elements 110+ # elements in 8 earth s crust (99%) # elements in all 25 living things # compounds
More informationWorksheet 5 Nomenclature 1 Ionic Compounds I. Naming compounds containing only two elements (binary compounds)
Worksheet 5 Nomenclature 1 Ionic Compounds I. Naming compounds containing only two elements (binary compounds) 1. Name the first element. 2. Name the second element with an ide ending Example: NaCl A1
More informationHonors Chemistry - Unit 5 Chapter 7 - Nomenclature
Honors Chemistry - Unit 5 Chapter 7 - Nomenclature Unit 5 Packet - Page 1 of 16 Vocab Due: Quiz(zes): 1) Test Date: UT Quest: 2) VOCABULARY: 1) monatomic ion 2) cation 3) anion 4) binary compound 4) ionic
More informationNomenclature of Inorganic Compounds
Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds Chapter 6 Hein and Arena Version 1.1 Eugene Passer Chemistry Department Bronx Community 1 College John Wiley and Sons, Inc Elements and Ions 2 The formula for most elements
More informationChapter 5 Ionic Compounds. Classification of Compounds. Chemical Nomenclature
Chapter 5 Ionic Compounds Classification of Compounds Chapter 5 2 Chemical Nomenclature The term nomenclature come from the Latin word meaning calling by name. Chemical Nomenclature is a system for naming
More informationChemical Bonds CH. 18: PG
Chemical Bonds CH. 18: PG. 552-571 Today s Learning Objectives How does a compound differ from the elements that make it up? What is a chemical bond? Know how to determine the number of valence electrons
More informationELECTRONS. Construct your own electron dot diagram Choose one element & drag the correct number of VALENCE Br electrons around it.
Ch. 6 - Chemical Bonds Chemical reactivity depends on electron configuration. Remember the Stable Octet rule: when the highest energy level occupied is filled with electrons (8 electrons for most atoms),
More informationChemical Bonding. Comparison of Properties Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds Metals
Chemical Bonding Comparison of Properties Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds Metals Essential Questions Why/How do atoms combine with one another to form the vast array of chemical substances that exist?
More informationNaming and Counting Atoms and Molecules. Chemistry--Unit 2
Naming and Counting Atoms and Molecules Chemistry--Unit 2 Masses of 22.4 L O 2, N 2, & HCl N 2 28 g O 2 32 g HCl 36.5 g Observation: At 1 atmosphere pressure and 0 o C, 22.4 L of 3 different gases have
More informationNOMENCLATURE AND WRITING FORMULAS
NOMENCLATURE AND WRITING FORMULAS PART I--FORMULAS AND NOMENCLATURE OF IONIC COMPOUND Composed of Cations and Anions. Types of Cations (positive ions): A. Metals lose electrons to form positive ions. These
More informationIntramolecular Bonding. Chapters 4, 12 Chemistry Mr. McKenzie
Intramolecular Bonding Chapters 4, 12 Chemistry Mr. McKenzie What determines the type of intramolecular bond? An intramolecular bond is any force that holds two atoms together to form a compound; 3 types
More informationChapter 9 Periodic Law The structure of molecules and describing reactions
Chapter 9 Periodic Law The structure of molecules and describing reactions Reading Assignment: Read the entire chapter. Homework: see the web site for homework. http://web.fccj.org/~smilczan/psc/homework7_11.htm
More information4.0-Ionic Compounds Unit
4.0-Ionic Compounds Unit Objectives: --Given formula, determine if compound is ionic, molecular, or an acid. --Given name, write formula --Given formula, write name --Understand how ionic compounds form
More informationGilbert Kirss Foster. Chapter 4. Chemical Bonding. Understanding Climate Change
Gilbert Kirss Foster Chapter 4 Chemical Bonding Understanding Climate Change Chapter Outline 4.1 Types of Chemical Bonds 4.2 Naming Compounds and Writing Formulas 4.3 Lewis Structures 4.4 Electronegativity,
More informationWhy does an element want to bond?
Why does an element want to bond? State 3 differences between ionic vs. covalent compounds What is a chemical formula? It indicates the relative number of atoms of each kind in an ionic compound. Ex Al
More informationUnit 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Unit 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Upon successful completion of this unit, the students should be able to: 2.1 State and be able to apply the Law of Conservation of Mass, Law of Definite Proportions,
More informationCHEMISTRY 1: Chemical Bonding
CHEMISTRY 1: Chemical Bonding Brown, T.L., LeMay, H.E., and B.E. Bursten. Chemistry: The Central Science 8 th Ed. New Jersey: PrenticeHall, 2002. CHEMICAL BONDS The forces that hold atoms or ions together
More informationExperiment #4. Elements and Compounds.
Experiment #4. Elements and Compounds. Goals To practice naming and classifying elements and compounds Background Properties of Elements Elements on the periodic table can be classified as metals, nonmetals
More informationNomenclature (Naming Compounds) and Chemical Formulas
Nomenclature (Naming Compounds) and Chemical Formulas 1 Ions formed from a single atom Monatomic Ions Charges are determined by whether ion has lost electrons (+) or gained electrons (-) Symbols are written
More informationCHEM 1305: Introductory Chemistry
CHEM 1305: Introductory Chemistry Naming Inorganic Compounds From Chapter 6 Textbook Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking Seventh Edition by Charles H. Corwin Language of Chemistry By
More informationChemistry B11 Chapter 4 Chemical bonds
Chapter 4 Chemical bonds Octet rule: when undergoing chemical reaction, atoms of group 1A7A elements tend to gain, lose, or share sufficient electrons to achieve an electron configuration having eight
More informationWRITING FORMULAS AND NAMING COMPOUNDS IONIC COMPOUNDS
WRITING FORMULAS AND NAMING COMPOUNDS IONIC COMPOUNDS One of the most important concepts to understand when naming and writing ionic compounds is the concept of charge. You must be able to predict which
More informationIons and Ionic Compounds
Ions and Ionic Compounds Elements combine in a specific ratio to form compounds. Compounds can be categorized as ionic or covalent depending on the type of bond present within the compound. Ionic compounds
More informationIonic and Metallic Bonding
Unit 5: Ionic and Metallic Bonding H 2 O Valence Electrons are? The electrons responsible for the chemical properties of atoms, and are those in the outer energy level. Valence electrons - The s and p
More informationCHEMISTRY 103 Help Sheet #2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions (Text: Ch 2: )
CHEMISTRY 103 Help Sheet #2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions (Text: Ch 2: 2.1-2.8) Do the topics appropriate for your lecture Prepared by Dr. Tony Jacob http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/clc (Resource page) Nuggets:
More informationCan a group of atoms have a charge?
Why? Polyatomic Ions Can a group of atoms have a charge? Do you know you eat a lot of -ates? Next time you look at a food label, read the ingredients and you will likely find a number of ingredients that
More informationAtomic Theory and Donding
Surrounding Name Date Atomic Theory and Donding Textbook pages 1 68-183 Summary Before You Read What do you already know about Bohr diagrams? Record your answer in the lines below. What are atoms? An atom
More informationIonic Compounds and Metals
Ionic Compounds and Metals Chapter 7 Ch. 7.1 Chemical bond Cation Anion Vocabulary Ch. 7.2 Ionic bond Ionic compound Binary compound Crystal lattice Electrolyte Lattice energy 2 Objectives Define a chemical
More informationChemical Nomenclature Chapter 2.5-8
Chemical Nomenclature Chapter 2.5-8 Octet Rule An octet is 8 valence electrons is associated with the stability of the noble gases does not occur with He, which is stable with two valence electrons (duet)
More informationNaming Compounds. Part One: Naming Ionic Compounds. Identifying Ionic Compounds
Naming Compounds Naming compounds is an important part of chemistry. Most compounds fall in to one of three categories ionic compounds, molecular compounds, or acids. Part One: Naming Ionic Compounds Identifying
More informationCRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 6 - Nomenclature Practice Problems
Name Period CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 6 - Nomenclature Practice Problems Due Date Assignment On-Time (100) Late (70) 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Warm-Up EC Notes, Homework, Exam Reviews and Their KEYS located
More informationAP Chemistry (1 of 20) AP Chemistry (2 of 20) AP Chemistry (3 of 20) AP Chemistry (4 of 20) AP Chemistry (5 of 20) AP Chemistry (6 of 20)
Ions Ionic Charges of Representative Elements (1 of 20) (2 of 20) Formulas and Names of Common Metal Ions with More than One Common Ionic Charge Some Common Polyatomic Ions (3 of 20) (4 of 20) Naming Monatomic
More informationlost, gained or shared chemical bonds symbols subscripts NaCl, H O, CaCO, CO
Topics Chemical Bonds Force that holds atom together Stability in Bonding Valence Electrons Reactivity Types of Bonds Ionic, Metallic, Covalent, Hydrogen bond Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds Binary
More informationColumn B 5. periodic table a. A vertical column of elements in the
Unit 4 Assignment Packet Name Period: A1: The Periodic Table: Organizing the Elements A. periodic table B. metals C. nonmetals D. periods E. alkali metals F. halogens G. columns H. periodic law I. alkaline
More informationChemical Names and Formulas
Chemical Names and Formulas ELECTRONS AND THE STRUCTURE OF ATOMS BONDING AND INTERACTIONS 91 Naming Ions For students using the Foundation edition, assign problems 4, 8 15 Essential Understanding Ions
More informationCHAPTER 7 CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND BONDING
Name Date Period CHAPTER 7 CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND BONDING IONIC COMPOUNDS 1. What are the two types of bonds that will be discussed in this chapter? 2. How do ionic bonds form? 3. What do you call the positive
More informationChemical Formulas and Chemical Nomenclature. Mr. Matthew Totaro Legacy High School Honors Chemistry
Chemical Formulas and Chemical Nomenclature Mr. Matthew Totaro Legacy High School Honors Chemistry 1 Molecular View of Elements and Compounds 2 Atomic Elements Atomic Elements = elements whose smallest
More informationIonic Compound Formulas.
Ionic Compound Formulas www.lab-initio.com Valence Electrons Electrons are divided between core and valence electrons B 1s 2 2s 2 2p 1 Core = [He], valence = 2s 2 2p 1 Br [Ar] 3d 10 4s 2 4p 5 Core = [Ar]
More informationNomenclature. Common Names. Common Names COMPOUNDS FORMED FROM IONS. Binary Ionic Compounds
PO 4 3- phosphate ion C 2 H 3 O 2 - acetate ion World of Chemistry: Chapter 4 Nomenclature HC 2 H 3 O 2 Acetic Acid Common Names Common Names A lot of chemicals have common lot of chemicals have common
More informationWorld of Chemistry Notes for Students [Chapter 4, page 1] Chapter 4 Nomenclature
World of Chemistry Notes for Students [Chapter 4, page 1] Chapter 4 Nomenclature 1) The Periodic Table Review from Chapter The elements are arranged in rows and columns on the Periodic Table according
More informationNaming Simple Compounds
Naming Simple Compounds Ionic Compounds Ionic compounds consist of positive and negative ions. have attractions called ionic bonds between positively and negatively charged ions. have high melting and
More information2. Match a formula in the right column with its appropriate name in the left column.
UNIT 3: CHEMICAL BONDING. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS Content: Unit 3 Chemical bonding. Chemical compounds 3.1. Chemical bonding 3.2. Chemical compounds 3.2.1. Oxides 3.2.2. Hydroxides 3.2.3. Hydrides 3.2.4. Binary
More informationNOMENCLATURE a systematic way of naming chemical compounds
NOMENCLATURE a systematic way of naming chemical compounds So far, we have looked at two types of compounds and. Ionic compounds are formed when oppositely ions stick together. There are two reasons why
More informationOutcome: 2-03 Write formulas and names for binary ionic compounds Write formulas and names for covalent compounds.
Naming Compounds Outcome: 2-03 Write formulas and names for binary ionic compounds. 2-04 Write formulas and names for covalent compounds. Elemental Molecules: You are responsible for knowing the DIATOMIC
More informationChapter 5 Molecules and Compounds
Chapter 5 Molecules and Compounds 1 Chemical Formulas Atomic/Molecular Elements Ionic/Molecular Compounds Naming Ionic Compounds Naming Molecular Compounds Naming Acids Formula Mass Atomic / Molecular
More informationBonding, Moles & Unit 3. Stoichiometry
Bonding, Moles & Unit 3 Stoichiometry Warm-up! Chem Catalyst 1.What part of the atom participates in the reactivity of elements? 2.What does the octet rule have to do with reactivity? 3.Based on what you
More informationNOTES PACKET COLLIER CHEMISTRY PRE-AP
SECOND NINE WEEKS NOTES PACKET COLLIER CHEMISTRY PRE-AP 1 2 UNIT 5 CHEMICAL NAMING & BALANCING Chapter 6, 15.1, 16.1 3 NOMENCLATURE: Atoms of elements combine to form that are represented by. All compounds
More informationF - SO 3 Cl 2. The particles that have lost or gained electrons and have positive or negative charge.
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CHEMICAL SPECIES Part II? What are the names of each species? Br 2 Cl F - SO 4-2 H - OH - SO 3 Cl 2 H 2 O? Match the given species with the correct definitions and examples: Atom The
More informationInorganic Nomenclature
Inorganic Nomenclature http://www.msu.edu/user/dynicrai/physics/h2o.htm A. The Chemical Elements 1. The term INORGANIC NOMENCLATURE refers to the naming of elements and inorganic compounds. Recall that
More informationIonic Bonding (Ch.7) Covalent Bonding (Ch.8) Metallic Bonding
Unit 3: Chemical Bonding Outline Ionic Bonding (Ch.7) Valence electrons Positive and negative ions and transition metal ions Ionic bonding: Charge on compounds Ionic compounds characteristics Writing ionic
More informationO ( ) are only used with polyatomic ions and only when there is more than one of any group. a. Examples: HNO 3. ) is incorrect; Al 2 ) 3 (SO 4
HONORS CHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 9 CHEMICAL NAMES AND FORMULAS NOMENCLATURE PACKET - V16 NAME: DATE: PAGE: I. Writing formulas of ionic compounds when given the component parts. 1. Many compounds are composed
More information+ #n; Z = atomic number = #p + C isotopes: 12 6
CHEMISTRY 103 Help Sheet #2 Chapter 2 (Part I); Sections 2.1.8 Do topics appropriate for your lecture Prepared by Dr. Tony Jacob http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/clc (Resource page) Nuggets: Periodic Table;
More informationPolyatomic Ions. Why? Model 1 Types of Ions. Can a group of atoms have a charge?
Why? Polyatomic Ions Can a group of atoms have a charge? Do you know you eat a lot of -ates? Next time you look at a food label, read the ingredients and you will likely find a number of ingredients that
More information1. Based on the information in Model 1 a. Identify three elements in the table that form only one type of cation.
Honors Chemistry Ms. Ye Name Date Block Nomenclature Independent Unit Part 1 Definitions (some old, some new): Ion=an atom that has an unequal number of protons and electrons. o Cations are positively
More informationTitle: Chem Review 4 PART 1 TOPIC: TYPES OF BONDS. EQ: What is an Ionic Bond?
Title: Chem Review 4 PART 1 TOPIC: TYPES OF BONDS EQ: What is an Ionic Bond? Title and Highlight Topic: EQ: Date Reflect Question: Reflect on the material by asking a question (its not suppose to be answered
More informationNomenclature PO 4. phosphate ion. HC 2 H 3 O 2 Acetic Acid C 2 H 3 O 2. acetate ion
PO 4 3- phosphate ion Nomenclature HC 2 H 3 O 2 Acetic Acid C 2 H 3 O 2 - acetate ion SAVE PAPER AND INK!!! When you print out the notes on PowerPoint, print "Handouts" instead of "Slides" in the print
More informationIonic Compound: Metal + Nonmetal
Chemical Nomenclature: Writing Names and Formulas Bonding is the way atoms are attracted to each other to form compounds. During bonding atoms gain, lose, or share electrons to reach stable configurations.
More informationUnit 7. Bonds and Naming
Unit 7 Bonds and Naming I. Ionic Bonds Positive ion is attracted to a negative ion; usually a metal & a nonmetal Ionic compound: a substance that has ionic bonds Cation: positive ion Anion: negative ion
More informationA chemical bond is a force that holds two or more atoms together.
Bonding A chemical bond is a force that holds two or more atoms together. Compound two or more elements chemically combined by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons. Molecule a particle made of 2 or more
More information9/19/07. Chemistry 6A Fall 2007 Dr. J. A. Mack. Molar Masses. Avagagro s s Number. Avogadro s Number and the Mole
Chemistry 6A Fall 007 Dr. J. A. Mack Avogadro s Number and the Mole The concept of a mole is defined so that we may equate the amount of matter (mass) to the number of particles (mole). The Standard is
More informationCompounds Element = 1 type of atom Compound = more than 1 type of atom (over 8 million) Chemical Bond = glue that links atoms together in a compound
Compounds Element = 1 type of atom Compound = more than 1 type of atom (over 8 million) Chemical Bond = glue that links atoms together in a compound Ionic Compounds Ionic Bonds = atoms switch e- forming
More informationNomenclature. Naming Compounds
Nomenclature Naming Compounds Ionic Compounds Metal bonding with non-metal One atom gains electrons, one atom loses electrons Exist as ions with full highest energy levels. Are held together in a giant
More informationTustin HS AP Chemistry SUMMER ASSIGNMENT
Tustin HS AP Chemistry SUMMER ASSIGNMENT Instructor: Email: Ms. Abbey Zinsser azinsser@tustin.k12.ca.us or azinsser@mytusd.org Textbook: Chemistry: The Central Science, Brown, LeMay, Bursten, 11 th edition
More information