Nomenclature Report. GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2017 page 1 of 8

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1 Nomenclature Report Introduction Ionic Compound Nomenclature An ionic compound is described as an electrostatic attractive force between oppositely charged ions. Monoatomic Cations Metal cations are formed when metals lose electrons to form positively charged ions. Cations can have a fixed charge or a variable charge. Fixed charge cations have only one charge possible. Variable charged cations can have more than one possible charge based on it s oxidation state. Naming fixed charge metal cations: name the metal + the word ion. e.g.: Mg 2+ is magnesium ion Naming variable charged metal cations: name the metal + add a Roman numeral to indicate the positive charge of the metal cation + the word ion. e.g.: Cu 2+ is copper(ii) ion (the (II) is used because of the 2+ charge) Monoatomic Anions Nonmetal anions are formed when nonmetals gain electrons to form negatively charged ions. Anions have a fixed charge. Naming anions: name the nonmetal + change ending to ide. Polyatomic Ions Polyatomic ions are ions that have two or more atoms bonded covalently, but the cluster acts as an ion because it has an overall charge. These ions can combine with other ions to form ionic compounds. Table of Some Polyatomic Ions: Name Name Name NH4 + ammonium ClO4 - perchlorate SO4 2- sulfate CN - cyanide ClO3 - chlorate SO3 2- sulfite OH - hydroxide ClO2 - chlorite PO4 3- phosphate MnO4 - permanganate ClO - hypochlorite PO3 3- phosphite NO3 - nitrate BrO4 - perbromate CO3 2- carbonate NO2 - nitrite BrO3 - bromate HCO3 - hydrogen carbonate CrO4 2- chromate BrO2 - bromite HSO4 - hydrogen sulfate Cr2O7 2- dichromate BrO - hypobromite HPO4 2- hydrogen phosphate Naming ionic compounds: Name the cation first and then name the anion. Examples: 1. Al2O3 is aluminum oxide 2. Cu2S is copper(i) sulfide 3. AgCN is silver cyanide 4. Fe2(SO4)3 is iron(iii) sulfate GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2017 page 1 of 8

2 Hydrates Hydrates are ionic compounds that incorporate water molecules into their crystalline structure as they become ionic compounds. Hydrates are recognized by a dot symbol followed by a Greek prefix and H2O (e.g. CuSO4 5H2O). Naming hydrates: name ionic compound + Greek prefix for number of water molecules + the word hydrate e.g.: CuSO4 5H2O is copper(ii) sulfate pentahydrate Greek Prefix System: Number Greek Prefix Number Greek Prefix 1 mono- 6 hexa- 2 di- 7 hepta- 3 tri- 8 octa- 4 tetra- 9 nona- 5 penta- 10 deca- Covalent Molecule Nomenclature A covalent molecule is when two or more nonmetals share valence electrons creating a covalent bond. 1. Name the first atom. Add a Greek prefix to designate number of atoms if more than one. Don t use mono- for the first atom. 2. Name the second atom. Add a Greek prefix to designate number of atoms even if only one. 3. Give the second atom an -ide ending. 4. If there is a double vowel, often (but not always) one vowel is dropped. e.g.: N2O4 is dinitrogen tetraoxide becomes dinitrogen tetroxide Acid Nomenclature Acids are compound that donate a proton (H + ) in water. Look at the anion name! Acids all take their names from the name of their anions: Anions ending in -ide become hydro-(anion name fragment)-ic acid. e.g.: HBr(aq) is hydrobromic acid. Anions ending in -ite become (anion name fragment)-ous acid. e.g.: HClO2 (aq) is chlorous acid. Anions ending in -ate become (anion name fragment)-ic acid. e.g.: HNO3 (aq) is nitric acid. When writing the correct formula for an acid, be sure to include the physical state (aq). This indicates the substance is dissolved in water so the proton, H +, can be released. For more information: Chemistry: Atom s First by OpenStax section 4.3 Chemical Nomenclature. Materials: Periodic Table Nomenclature Dice Flash Cards GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2017 page 2 of 8

3 Procedure PART I. ROLL THE NOMENCLATURE DICE 1. Start at your group table. 2. Obtain a cation die and an anion die. Roll them both. 3. Match the cation with the anion and write the correct formula for the two ions and for the compound the dice is collectively representing. 4. Name this compound. 5. Record this information on your data sheet. 6. Pass the dice set to your left (clockwise rotation) and repeat. 7. Once everyone one both sides of your bench has gone one round, your entire group must move to the next bench (clockwise rotation). 8. Repeat until your group is back at the starting bench. PART II. AROUND THE WORLD 1. Start back at your group table. 2. Obtain a set of blue cardstock cards. 3. Follow the instructions given by your professor for this game. Clean-Up: Put all equipment back exactly where you found it. GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2017 page 3 of 8

4 Name: Nomenclature Pre-lab assignment Purpose: Summary of procedure: Drawing of apparatus used: Instructor signature: Pre-lab points: Date: GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2017 page 4 of 8

5 Name: Nomenclature Pre-Lab Questions 1. (2.5 pts) What is the charge for each of the following ions? a. aluminum ion b. cobalt(iii) ion c. phosphide ion d. iodide ion e. zinc ion 2. (2.5 pts) What is the correct name for each of the following ions? a. NO2 - b. CO3 2- c. Cu 2+ d. NH4 + e. Se 2- GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2017 page 5 of 8

6 Name: Nomenclature Lab Report Partners: PART I. ROLL THE NOMENCLATURE DICE Lab Bench 1: Lab Partner Cation Anion from Name of Ionic Compound Name the Dice example: Betty Jo Beaker Na + Cl - NaCl sodium chloride Lab Bench 2: Lab Partner Name Cation Anion from the Dice Name of Ionic Compound GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2017 page 6 of 8

7 Lab Bench 3: Lab Partner Name Cation Anion from the Dice Name of Ionic Compound Lab Bench 4: Lab Partner Name Cation Anion from the Dice Name of Ionic Compound GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2017 page 7 of 8

8 Discussion Questions: 1. (10 pts) Write the correct formula for the following compounds: a. iron(ii) acetate tetrahydrate b. periodic acid c. tin(iv) chloride pentahydrate d. trisulfur pentabromide e. vanadium(ii) oxide f. tetraphosphorus hexoxide g. iridium(iii) bromide tetrahydrate h. trinitrogen heptachloride i. zinc nitrate hexahydrate j. chromic acid 2. (10 pts) Write the correct name for the following compounds: Spelling Counts!! a. Na2CO3 10H2O b. H2CO3(aq) c. N2S5 d. IF7 e. Ba(OH)2 8H2O f. TiS2 g. MnSO4 H2O h. HC2H3O2(aq) i. H3PO3(aq) j. SO3 Conclusion: Summarize the process for naming a compound and writing a formula for a compound. GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2017 page 8 of 8