Name Date. Fall Semester Review Classify each of the following as to whether it is an element, compound, or mixture and draw a picture for each.

Transcription

1 Name Date Fall Semester Review 2014 Classify each of the following as to whether it is an element, compound, or mixture and draw a picture for each. 1. chlorine 5. carbon dioxide 8. rubbing alcohol E C C 2. water 6. sugar water 9. pure air C M M 3. soil 7. oxygen 10. Iron M E E 4. rocky road ice cream M Determine whether each of the following would be atoms, molecules, or a mixture of atoms and molecules. Please draw a picture for each. 1. 4NO 2 3. Yogurt 5. Sulfur molecules atoms and molecules atoms

2 2. rust 4. river water 6. 5Ca + 3O 2 molecules atoms and molecules atoms and molecules Determine whether each of the following is a chemical change or physical change. 1. Sodium hydroxide dissolves in water. PC 2. Hydrochloric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide to produce a salt, water, and heat.cc 3. A pellet of sodium is sliced in two. PC 4. When placed in water, a sodium pellet catches on fire as hydrogen gas is liberated and sodium hydroxide forms. CC Determine whether each of the following is a chemical property or physical property. 1. The density of water is 1 g/ml PP 3. Sodium chloride is soluble in water PP 2. Hydrogen is explosive CP 4. Copper has a high melting point PP How many protons, neutrons, & electrons does each one have? Which are anions? Which are cations? P P P P P = 15, N = 15, E = 15 P = 15, N = 14, E = 18 P = 15, N = 16, E = 10 P = 15, N = 17, E = 15 Neutral anion cation neutral Understand and be able to write electron configurations. Rn [Rn] or 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6 5s 2 4d 10 5p 6 6s 2 4f 14 5d 10 6p 6 Cm Using our chart! [Rn] 7s 2 5f 7 or 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6 5s 2 4d 10 5p 6 6s 2 4f 14 5d 10 6p 6 7s 2 5f 7 Sb - [Kr] 5s 2 4d 10 5p 3 or 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6 5s 2 4d 10 5p 3 Fr - [Rn] 7s 1 or 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6 5s 2 4d 10 5p 6 6s 2 4f 14 5d 10 6p 6 7s 1 Cl [Ne] 3s 2 3p 5 or 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5 Zr [Kr] 5s 2 4d 2 or 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6 5s 2 4d 2

3 Review name, identity, and describe the uses of lab equipment. To include but not limited to: 1. Beaker hold/heat large amount of liquid 6. Evaporating dish Omit have not used this year 11. Test Tube Rack hold test tubes 16. Wire Gauze place on top of a ring clamp to hold up a beaker, use under a hot piece of glassware when taking it from a heat source to the lab table top 2. Clay triangle - hold a crucible on a ring clamp 7. Florence Flask hold a large amount of liquid 12. Test Tube Tongs hold a test tube while heating 3. Crucible container to heat small amounts of solid 8. Graduated Cylinder used to measure volume 13. Triple Beam Balance used to mass 4. Crucible tongs used to hold small pieces of material in a Bunsen burner flame, used to pick up a crucible 9. Mortar & Pestle used to grind solids 14. Watch Glass placed over a beaker while heating 5. Erlenmeyer Flask used to hold large amount of liquid 10. Pipette used to transfer small amounts of liquid 15. Scoopula used to transfer small amounts of solid Be able to write formulas for both Covalent and Ionic compounds along with naming each type. 1. LiH Lithium hydride 2. N 2 O 7 Dinitrogen heptoxide 3. Ni(S 2 O 3 ) Nickel (II) thiosulfate 4. Ag(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 Silver (II) acetate 5. P 4 S 3 Tetraphosphorus trisulfide 6. SnO 2 Tin oxide 7. Potassium oxalate K 2 O 8. Zinc (II) dichromate Zn(Cr 2 O 7 ) 9. Difluorine trinitride F 2 N Calcium iodate Ca(IO 3 ) Yttrium (VI) arsenate Y(AsO 4 ) Aluminum hydroxide Al(OH) 3

4 General Checklist of Things to Know: 1. Measuring don t forget about the estimated place value always included!! 2. Interpreting scientific data IV the one variable that the scientist manipulates/changes in the experiment, DV the response to that change (what are they measuring?), control group source of comparison with the IV, constants all other variables that remain the same throughout the experiment. 3. Alloys homogeneous mixtures with metallic characteristics. Examples include: steel, 14kt gold, Post 1982 penny, white gold, bronze 4. s,p,d,f shape (represented by letter), number of electrons (represented by superscript), energy levels (represented by period number 5. Periodic table: metals (under the staircase to the left excluding H), nonmetals (above the staircase to the right including H), metalloids, transition metals, inner transition metals, alkali metals (group 1), alkali Earth metals (group 2), halogens (group 17), diatomics (Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine), solids, liquids (Hg and Br), gases, periods, families/groups 6. What is the difference between the pre-1982 penny and the post-1982 penny? Pre-1982 is a element, pure Cu, Post is considered our alloy interior is Zn and Cu 7. Review your Flinn Safety Contract hot and cold glass look the same, waste should go in appropriate container, broken glass belongs in the broken glass receptacle, test tubes pointed away from you and everyone else at an angle, 8. Weighted Averages (1): A) Isotope 1: g 25.0% B) Isotope 1: g 33.00% Isotope 2: g 70.0% Isotope 2: g 52.00% Isotope 3: g Isotope 3: g g g 9. Valence Electrons A) Sodium ( 1) B) Selenium (6) C) Iodine (7) 10. Flame Test Lab Na Se I A) Visible Spectrum (red, green, blue)? Lowest energy (red)? Highest energy (blue)? B) Examples of the spectrum not visible to humans. Low energy TV, radio, and infrared radiation, High energy ultraviolet (UV), microwaves 11. Viscosity A) What does it describe? Resistance to flow B) How is it related to speed of movement? Viscosity high, velocity low or viscosity low, velocity high

5 C) How is it related to temperature? High temperature, low viscosity or low temperature, high viscosity D) How is it related to molecular attraction? High attraction, high viscosity or low attraction, low viscosity