Discuss Yesterday s Lab. What Do We Know? Funny Ozone Video. Ozone Layer Defined! Ozone Layer. Warm-Up 3/3/2015
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1 Warm-Up March 3, 2015 Today you will need your notebook, pencil and whiteboards. HW due Friday. Attach the Ozone Table into your notebook Pick up ozone table in the red box Complete the Predictions Column Discuss Yesterday s Lab What Do We Know? **Attach Your Chart Into Your Notebook** Questions on the Ozone Layer 1. What is it? Predictions Discovery Ozone Layer March 3, Where is it? 3. How is it helpful? 4. How could it be harmful? 5. What is ozone depletion? 6. What is the ozone hole? 7. What causes the ozone hole? Funny Ozone Video As you watch the video, make notes in the discovery column on your table! Government of Barbados: Ozzy Ozone 10 minutes Ozone Layer Defined! Ozone Layer A region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's UV radiation. Ozone is three oxygen atoms bonded together 1
2 Ozone: Good Up High, Bad Nearby Benefits of the Ozone Layer How is the ozone layer beneficial to life on Earth s surface? Which layer of the atmosphere is it located? The ozone layer blocks some of the sun s Ultra Violet (UV) radiation which otherwise would cause extreme harm. GHG = Greenhouse Gas Most Dangerous UV Radiation Isn t All Bad UV Radiation is needed for o Our body to produce vitamin D o Used as a disinfectant to clean water o Bees use reflection of UV off of flower petals to guide their pollen collecting ouds do not offer significant protection against UV radiation. Harm from Ozone Ground level or bad ozone is not emitted directly into the air o It is created by chemical reactions between nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) o Motor vehicle exhaust, gasoline vapors, and chemical solvents are some of the major sources of NOx and VOC Danger: o Breathing problems (young, elderly and those with asthma) o Lungs become more susceptible to infection 33/100 counties in NC including Durham County with 68 ppb Perspective, ozone layer is 2000 to 8000 ppb 2
3 Ozone Hole 1985 British scientists discovered a hole about the size of the U.S. in the ozone layer over Antarctica The hole was not completely empty of ozone, just has a lower concentration than normal allowing more UV radiation to reach Earth s surface Ozone thinning was seen in Canada and northern United States and Europe in 1991 What s the Difference? What is the difference between ozone depletion and the ozone hole? Ozone depletion is the steady decline in ozone (4% per decade) seen since the late 1970s. The ozone hole is a much larger decrease in ozone over Earth s polar regions. Whiteboard Set-Up. One marshmallow is one oxygen atom Draw incoming UV radiation from the sun Oxygen molecule O 2 splits into two oxygen atoms O and O Bonds to form ozone, O 3 3
4 Make three more ozone molecules Ozone is also naturally broken down in the stratosphere by sunlight and by a chemical reaction with natural compounds containing nitrogen, hydrogen and chlorine. In an unpolluted atmosphere there is a balance between the amount of ozone being produced and the amount of ozone being destroyed Add six single oxygen atoms Introduce one chlorine (your marker cap) Chlorine hits ozone Chlorine pulls on oxygen atom away 4
5 A free oxygen hits the chlorine-oxygen molecule The chlorine is free to attach to another ozone! Depletion of Ozone CFC: chloro-fluoro-carbons Causes for the Ozone Hole What causes the ozone hole? One group of gases is particularly likely to damage the ozone layer are called CFCs (chloro-fluoro-carbons). Most countries have now stopped using new CFCs that can be released into the atmosphere. Bromine and Chlorine cause deterioration of the ozone layer Apply! Ozone Hole - Recovery When were the most chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) produced? 1) ) ) ) 2000 Thought to Ponder: How much of the ozone s hole recovery is due to rising temperatures versus decreasing levels of manufactured chemicals? 5
6 What Do We Know? **Attach Your Chart Into Your Notebook** Practice! Questions on the Ozone Layer Predictions Discovery 1. What is it? 2. Where is it? 3. How is it helpful? 4. How could it be harmful? Ozone is made of oxygen molecules. 1) one 2) two 3) three 4) four 5. What is ozone depletion? 6. What is the ozone hole? 7. What causes the ozone hole? Practice! Practice! Ultraviolet light (UV) light ozone molecules. 1) makes 2) weakens 3) destroys 4) does not affect Sources of chlorofluorocarbons include aerosol cans, old refrigerators and. 1) batteries 2) plants 3) car engines 4) old air conditioners 6
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