Structure and IM Forces Practice Problems

Transcription

1 Structure and IM Forces Practice Problems 1) An ionic compound 1) A) hasa net positive charge. B) hasa net negative charge. C) contains only cations. D) contains covalent bonds between anions and cations. E) has a net charge of zero. 2) Which one of the following compounds contains an ion with a 3+ charge? 2) A) KCl B) Na2O C) FeCl3 D) MgCl2 E) CuCl 3) Which one of the following elements forms two or more ions with different ionic charges? 3) A) Ca B) K C) Sn D) Zn E) Al 4) What is the formula of a compound that contains sodium and phosphate ions? 4) 5) The correct formula for a compound formed from the elements aluminum and oxygen is: 5) 6) The correct formula for the compound formed from magnesium and sulfur is: 6) 7) What is the formula for aluminum nitrate? 7) 8) The compound MgCl2 is named: 8) 9) The correct name of the compound NCl3 is: 9) 10) Whatis the correct formula for iron(iii) sulfide? 10) 11) The correct name for the compound Fe2(SO4)3 is: 11) 12) In a molecule with covalent bonding, 12) A) atomsof metals form bonds to atoms of nonmetals. B) atomsof different metals form bonds. C) oppositely charged ions are held together by strong electrical attractions. D) atoms of noble gases are held together by attractions between oppositely charged ions. E) atoms are held together by sharing electrons. 1

2 13) The octet rule indicates that 13) A) the noble gases react with other compounds to get 8 valence electrons. B) all of the shells in an atom hold a maximum of 8 electrons. C) all elements have 8 valence electrons. D) atomslose, gain, or share valence electrons to have 8 valence electrons. E) Aa octopus has 8 arms and a spider has 8 eyes. 14) Double and triple bondsform 14) A) just 'cause. B) because the atomsinvolved have highelectronegativities. C) so that one of the atomsin the molecule can have more than 8 valence electrons. D) because single covalent bonds do not give all of the atoms in the molecule eight valence electrons. 15) The ability of an atom to attract the shared electrons in a covalent bond is its 15) A) polarity. B) ionic character. C) bonding ability. D) electronegativity. E) atomappeal. 16) Which of the following elements has the lowest electronegativity? 16) A) O B) Li C) F D) C E) N 17) The bond in Cl2 is a(n) 17) A) ionic bond. B) non-bond. C) polar ionic bond. D) polarcovalent bond. E) nonpolar covalent bond. 18) Which of the following substances contains a nonpolar covalent bond? 18) A) NaCl B) N2 C) MgF2 D) H2O E) NH3 19) Which of the following compounds contains a polar covalent bond? 19) A) MgO B) Br2 C) HCl D) NaF E) O2 20) Which of the following compounds contains an ionic bond? 20) A) H2 B) NH3 C) H2O D) CaO E) CH4 21) Ionic bonding is expected in which of these compounds? 21) A) OF2 B) Cl2 C) KF D) H2 E) HF 22) A polar covalent bond is found in which of these compounds? 22) A) F2 B) H2O C) H2 D) NaCl E) N2 23) Which of the following elements does NOT exist as a diatomic molecule? 23) A) nitrogen B) chlorine C) hydrogen D) oxygen E) carbon 2

3 24) A group of covalently bonded atoms that has an overall charge is called a(n) 24) A) molecule. B) cation. C) anion. D) ionic compound. E) polyatomic ion. 25) Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory allows us to determine the based on its Lewis structure. A) color of a compound B) charge on an ion C) molar mass of a molecule D) formula for a compound E) three-dimensional shape of a molecule 25) 26) The shape of the ammonia molecule (NH3) is 26) A) bent. B) trigonal pyramidal. C) linear. D) tetrahedral. E) octagonal. 27) The ammonia molecule (NH3) is 27) A) a polar molecule with nonpolar bonds. B) a nonpolar molecule with nonpolar bonds. C) a polarmolecule with ionic bonds. D) a nonpolar molecule with polar bonds. E) a polar molecule with polar bonds. 28) What are the bond angles in ammonia? 28) A) 90 B) C) 120 D) 180 E) ) The shape of the water molecule is 29) A) bent. B) trigonal pyramidal. C) linear. D) tetrahedral. E) octagonal. 30) What is the bond angle in water? 30) A) 120 B) C) D) 90 E) ) Carbon dioxide is: 31) A) linear, has no polar bonds and is nonpolar B) bent, contains polar bonds, but is nonpolar C) bent, contains polar bonds and is polar D) linear, contains polar bonds, and is polar E) linear, contains polar bonds, but is nonpolar 3

4 32) The carbon tetrachloride molecule, CCl4, is 32) A) a polar molecule with nonpolar bonds. B) a polarmolecule with ionic bonds. C) a polar molecule with polar bonds. D) a nonpolar molecule with polar bonds. E) a nonpolar molecule with nonpolar bonds. 33) Choose the compound below that contains polar bonds, but is nonpolar. 33) A) HCN B) SeBr4 C) CF4 D) ICl3 E) All molecules that contain polar bonds are polar 34) The main type of interaction between molecules of ammonia (NH3) are 34) A) dispersion forces. B) hydrogen bonds. C) polar covalent. D) dipole-dipole. E) ionic bonds. 35) The main type of interaction between molecules of hydrogen (H2) are 35) A) dispersion forces. B) polar covalent. C) dipole-dipole. D) hydrogen bonds. E) ionic bonds. 36) The molecule chloroform, CHCl3, is. 36) A) tetrahedral and nonpolar B) square pyramidal and nonpolar C) square planar and polar D) tetrahedral and polar E) bent and polar 37) What type of force is strongest in crystalline NaCl? 37) A) hydrogen bonding B) dispersion forces C) ion-dipole forces D) dipole-dipole forces E) electrostatic forces 38) What is the most significant type of intermolecular force present in HCl? 38) 39) What is the most significant type of intermolecular force present in HF? 39) 4

5 40) What is the strongest type of intermolecular force present in liquid nitrogen? 40) TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 41) Covalent bonds are formed by atoms sharing valence electrons. 41) 42) The central atom in a lewis dot structure is typically the atom that is the most electronegative. 42) 43) Bonds between like atoms are nonpolar. 43) 44) A carbon-nitrogen covalent bond is polar. 44) 45) The molecule CF4 is a tetrahedral polar molecule. 45) 46) The following is the correct electron dot structure for C2F4: 46) 47) Nitrosyl chloride, NOCl, is a bent, polar molecule. 47) 48) Carbon disulfide is a linear, polar molecule. 48) 5